Willard Cates
Biographic Data
| ID | 5991087 |
|---|---|
| NAME | Willard Cates |
| GIVEN NAMES | Willard |
| FAMILY NAME | Cates |
| SIGNATURE | CATES W |
| AFFILIATIONS | Family Health International 360 |
| VERIFIED | No |
| TOTAL WORKS | 38 |
| TOTAL CITATIONS | 196 |
| AUTHOR COUNT | 38 |
| EDITOR COUNT | 0 |
| FIRST PUBLICATION YEAR | 1977 |
| LATEST PUBLICATION YEAR | 2015 |
| H-INDEX | 7 |
Combination HIV prevention for female sex workers
Defining and assessing evidence for the effectiveness of technical assistance in furthering global health
In an era when health resources are increasingly constrained, international organisations are transitioning from directly managing health services to providing technical assistance (TA) to in-country owners of public health programmes. We define TA as: 'A dynamic, capacity-building process for designing or improving the quality, effectiveness, and efficiency of specific programmes, research, services, products, or systems'. TA can build sustainab…
Reaching the Underserved
Sexually Transmitted Diseases Among American Youth
CONTEXT In the United States, young people aged 15–24 represent 25% of the sexually experienced population. However, the incidence and prevalence of sexually transmitted diseases (STDs) among this age‐group are unknown. METHODS Data from a variety of sources were used to estimate the incidence and prevalence of STDs among 15–24‐year‐olds in the United States in 2000. The quality and reliability of the estimates were categorized as good, fair or p…
Sexually Transmitted Diseases Among American Youth
The Public Health Impact of Legal Abortion
The Public Health Impact of Legal Abortion
The protective effect of condoms and nonoxynol-9 against HIV infection
The protective effect of condoms and nonoxynol-9 against HIV infection: a response to Wittkowski and colleagues. P J Feldblum, S S Weir, and W Cates, JrCopyRight https://doi.org/10.2105/AJPH.89.1.108-a Published Online: October 07, 2011
Prevention of Sexually Transmitted Diseases in an Era of Managed Care
Justice Blackmun and legal abortion--a besieged legacy to women's reproductive health
Justice Blackmun and legal abortion--a besieged legacy to women's reproductive health. W Cates, Jr, D A Grimes, and L L HogueCopyRight https://doi.org/10.2105/AJPH.85.9.1204 Published Online: October 07, 2011
Contraceptive Technology
Commentary
The companion article by Rosenberg and Gollub in this issue summarizes data from 10 observational studies and concludes that female-controlled contraceptive methods, under typical conditions, are comparable to condoms in preventing sexually transmitted diseases and should be merchandized as such. While we agree that chemical and mechanical contraceptives provide protection against some sexually transmitted diseases, we think the authors have over…
Contraception and Ectopic Pregnancy Risk
Studies of the association of ectopic pregnancy with contraception have generated a conflicting array of results because of methodologic differences between studies. We estimated the absolute incidence rates of ectopic pregnancy for various contraceptives by multiplying the pregnancy rate by the proportion of pregnancies with ectopic implantation for each method. Our results indicated a more than 500-fold difference in ectopic pregnancy incidence…
Contraceptive Failure in the United States
This report provides an update of the authors' previous estimates of first-year probabilities of contraceptive failure for all methods of contraception. Estimates are provided of failure during typical use (which includes both incorrect and inconsistent use) and during perfect use (correct use at every act of intercourse). The difference between these two probabilities provides a measure of how forgiving of imperfect use each method is. These rev…
Education for Aids prevention
Authorities frequently state that education is the "only" method we have to stop the AIDS (acquired immunodeficiency syndrome) epidemic until a vaccine and/or curative therapy is available. We suggest that education, while critically important to our efforts to stop transmission of the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), needs to be bolstered by additional voluntary approaches. Control of parenteral drug use, prevention of ulcerative sexually tra…
Contraceptive use, pelvic inflammatory disease, and fertility problems among American women
Worldwide Patterns of Infertility
The World Health Organisation sponsored a multicentre, collaborative investigation of a standard approach to evaluating infertile couples. The study was conducted between 1979 and 1984 in thirty-three medical centres in twenty-five countries throughout the developed and developing world. Over 5800 couples completed the investigation. African centres had a pattern of infertility different from those in other developing regions or the developed cou…
Genital herpes
We analyzed data from a national telephone survey to determine whether awareness of the herpes epidemic led to changes in sexual behavior. Of those surveyed, 67 per cent heard about herpes only within the last two years. More importantly, 45 per cent of individuals perceiving themselves to be at risk stated they had changed their behavior as a result of this perception. Among those never married, 60 per cent stated they were willing to modify the…
Self-reported pelvic inflammatory disease in the US
Based on a nationally representative sample of American women of reproductive age, in 1982, one in seven reported having had pelvic inflammatory disease (PID). One in ten had received ambulatory care, and one in 25 were hospitalized for PID. A two-fold race differential was observed in self-reported history of PID. One in four Blacks compared to one in eight Whites reported having received treatment for this condition sometime in the past. The pr…
The Risks Associated with Teenage Abortion
the risks of morbidity and mortality affect a teenager's choice between termination of a pregnancy through induced abortion and continuation of the pregnancy. To identify these risks, we analyzed information from two separate sets of data collected by the Centers for Disease Control: that of the Joint Program for the Study of Abortion, a multicenter prospective study of nearly 165,000 legally induced abortions; and that of a national surveillance…
Response by Ezzard, et al
Response by Ezzard, et al Nancy V. Ezzard, Willard Cates, Jr., and Christopher Tietze CopyRight https://doi.org/10.2105/AJPH.73.4.453-a Published Online: October 07, 2011
The epidemiology of abortion services
O'Reilly, Kevin R. PhD1; Dorfman, Sally Faith MD, MSHSA1; Cates, Willard Jr MD, MPH2 Author Information
Race-specific patterns of abortion use by American teenagers
Between 1972 and 1978, as legal abortion became more widely available nationally, abortion rates (abortions per 1,000 women) and ratios (abortions per 1,000 live births) increased for all American teenagers; from 1972 to 1975, the rates and ratios for teenagers for Black and other races increased faster than those for White teenagers. For all seven years, abortion rates were higher for teenagers of Black and other races than for white teenagers. …
Fertility and Population Dynamics in Two Kampuchean Refugee Camps
During the Kampuchean refugee relief program the initial phase of high mortality was short-lived as food water and basic medical care became available. Deaths declined dramatically and remained low; the general health and nutritional status of the population improved. Refugees who were apparently exposed to more severe prewar conditions were in poorer health and initially had a low fertility rate. In contrast refugees exposed to less severe prewa…
Effects of restricted public funding for legal abortions
At hospitals in three cities where public funding for legal abortions had been restricted, we reviewed the records of women with complications of all types of abortions. We compared the number of complications in the year before funding restriction with the number in the following year, during restriction. For complications of illegal and spontaneous abortions, we found no significant change in either the number or proportion of publicly funded h…
Sexually Transmitted Diseases Among American Youth
CONTEXT In the United States, young people aged 15–24 represent 25% of the sexually experienced population. However, the incidence and prevalence of sexually transmitted diseases (STDs) among this age‐group are unknown. METHODS Data from a variety of sources were used to estimate the incidence and prevalence of STDs among 15–24‐year‐olds in the United States in 2000. The quality and reliability of the estimates were categorized as good, fair or p…
Sexually Transmitted Diseases Among American Youth
Contraceptive Technology
Commentary
The companion article by Rosenberg and Gollub in this issue summarizes data from 10 observational studies and concludes that female-controlled contraceptive methods, under typical conditions, are comparable to condoms in preventing sexually transmitted diseases and should be merchandized as such. While we agree that chemical and mechanical contraceptives provide protection against some sexually transmitted diseases, we think the authors have over…
Contraceptive Failure in the United States
This report provides an update of the authors' previous estimates of first-year probabilities of contraceptive failure for all methods of contraception. Estimates are provided of failure during typical use (which includes both incorrect and inconsistent use) and during perfect use (correct use at every act of intercourse). The difference between these two probabilities provides a measure of how forgiving of imperfect use each method is. These rev…
Restricting medicaid funds for abortions
Restricting medicaid funds for abortions: projections of excess mortality for women for childbearing age. D B Petitti, and W Cates, JrCopyRight https://doi.org/10.2105/AJPH.67.9.860 Published Online: October 07, 2011
Education for Aids prevention
Authorities frequently state that education is the "only" method we have to stop the AIDS (acquired immunodeficiency syndrome) epidemic until a vaccine and/or curative therapy is available. We suggest that education, while critically important to our efforts to stop transmission of the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), needs to be bolstered by additional voluntary approaches. Control of parenteral drug use, prevention of ulcerative sexually tra…
Reaching the Underserved
Race-specific patterns of abortion use by American teenagers
Between 1972 and 1978, as legal abortion became more widely available nationally, abortion rates (abortions per 1,000 women) and ratios (abortions per 1,000 live births) increased for all American teenagers; from 1972 to 1975, the rates and ratios for teenagers for Black and other races increased faster than those for White teenagers. For all seven years, abortion rates were higher for teenagers of Black and other races than for white teenagers. …
Fertility and Population Dynamics in Two Kampuchean Refugee Camps
During the Kampuchean refugee relief program the initial phase of high mortality was short-lived as food water and basic medical care became available. Deaths declined dramatically and remained low; the general health and nutritional status of the population improved. Refugees who were apparently exposed to more severe prewar conditions were in poorer health and initially had a low fertility rate. In contrast refugees exposed to less severe prewa…
The impact of state maternal mortality study committees on maternal deaths in the United States
State maternal mortality study committees have been widely credited with playing a prominent role in reducing maternal death rates in the United States. To evaluate this hypothesis, we compared the rates of decline in maternal mortality ratios by decades from 1938-40 to 1968-70 for states with such committees to those without. Ratios were calculated from published vital statistics of the United States, and committee initiation dates were obtained…
The health impact of restricting public funds for abortion. October 10, 1977--June 10, 1978
The Center for Disease Control (CDC), Atlanta, Georgia implemented an eight-month prospective surveillance system in 24 hospitals distributed among states with and without public funding for abortion. Out of 3,157 visits for abortion-related complications, only 10 women gave a history of non-physician or self-induced abortion and none were Medicaid recipients. The small number of hospitals located in non-funded states and the smaller numbers of w…
Response of low income women and abortion facilities to restriction of public funds for abortion
During the first five months after the restriction of public funds for abortion, a large percentage of low-income women seeking abortions in a metropolitan area in Texas obtained abortion that were partially subsizied using a combination of reduced clinic fees and public funds for ancillary non-abortion services. Their own personal funds made up the difference between the subsidy and the full cost of the procedure
Self-reported pelvic inflammatory disease in the US
Based on a nationally representative sample of American women of reproductive age, in 1982, one in seven reported having had pelvic inflammatory disease (PID). One in ten had received ambulatory care, and one in 25 were hospitalized for PID. A two-fold race differential was observed in self-reported history of PID. One in four Blacks compared to one in eight Whites reported having received treatment for this condition sometime in the past. The pr…
Dilatation and Evacuation for Induced Abortion in Developing Countries
Willard Cates, Jr., Kenneth F. Schulz, David A. Grimes, Dilatation and Evacuation for Induced Abortion in Developing Countries: Advantages and Disadvantages, Studies in Family Planning, Vol. 11, No. 4 (Apr., 1980), pp. 128-133
Restriction of federal funds bor abortion
Restriction of federal funds bor abortion: 18 months later. J Gold, and W Cates, JrCopyRight https://doi.org/10.2105/AJPH.69.9.929 Published Online: October 07, 2011
The Public Health Impact of Legal Abortion
Author's Response
Author's Response Willard Cates, Jr., and Diana B. Petitti S Wallenstein Michael B. Bracken CopyRight https://doi.org/10.2105/AJPH.68.3.271 Published Online: October 07, 2011
Legal Abortion
Restricting medicaid funds for abortions
Restricting medicaid funds for abortions: projections of excess mortality for women for childbearing age. D B Petitti, and W Cates, JrCopyRight https://doi.org/10.2105/AJPH.67.9.860 Published Online: October 07, 2011
The impact of state maternal mortality study committees on maternal deaths in the United States
State maternal mortality study committees have been widely credited with playing a prominent role in reducing maternal death rates in the United States. To evaluate this hypothesis, we compared the rates of decline in maternal mortality ratios by decades from 1938-40 to 1968-70 for states with such committees to those without. Ratios were calculated from published vital statistics of the United States, and committee initiation dates were obtained…
On seeking abortion counseling
On seeking abortion counseling. W Cates, Jr, and D A GrimesCopyRight https://doi.org/10.2105/AJPH.67.8.780-b Published Online: November 15, 2011
Author's Response
Author's Response Willard Cates, Jr., and Diana B. Petitti S Wallenstein Michael B. Bracken CopyRight https://doi.org/10.2105/AJPH.68.3.271 Published Online: October 07, 2011
The Authors' Response
The Authors' Response Willard Cates, Jr., and Diana B. Petitti CopyRight https://doi.org/10.2105/AJPH.68.8.783-a Published Online: October 07, 2011
Authors' Response
Authors' Response Willard Cates, Jr., and David A. Grimes CopyRight https://doi.org/10.2105/AJPH.68.2.175-a Published Online: October 07, 2011
On IUD package inserts
On IUD package inserts. W Cates, JrCopyRight https://doi.org/10.2105/AJPH.68.3.269 Published Online: October 07, 2011
Restriction of federal funds bor abortion
Restriction of federal funds bor abortion: 18 months later. J Gold, and W Cates, JrCopyRight https://doi.org/10.2105/AJPH.69.9.929 Published Online: October 07, 2011
The health impact of restricting public funds for abortion. October 10, 1977--June 10, 1978
The Center for Disease Control (CDC), Atlanta, Georgia implemented an eight-month prospective surveillance system in 24 hospitals distributed among states with and without public funding for abortion. Out of 3,157 visits for abortion-related complications, only 10 women gave a history of non-physician or self-induced abortion and none were Medicaid recipients. The small number of hospitals located in non-funded states and the smaller numbers of w…
Response of low income women and abortion facilities to restriction of public funds for abortion
During the first five months after the restriction of public funds for abortion, a large percentage of low-income women seeking abortions in a metropolitan area in Texas obtained abortion that were partially subsizied using a combination of reduced clinic fees and public funds for ancillary non-abortion services. Their own personal funds made up the difference between the subsidy and the full cost of the procedure
Sensitive Questions about Foreign Aid for Abortion
that is because lay people have never had such an opportunity. They have to learn that they have a legitimate, important role as active partners in establishing the contract (covenant) between the professional and the rest of us. The current AMA principles, as sound as they are, can be no more than a private agreement among AMA members unless the rest of us participate in drawing up the agreement
Dilatation and Evacuation for Induced Abortion in Developing Countries
Willard Cates, Jr., Kenneth F. Schulz, David A. Grimes, Dilatation and Evacuation for Induced Abortion in Developing Countries: Advantages and Disadvantages, Studies in Family Planning, Vol. 11, No. 4 (Apr., 1980), pp. 128-133
Effects of restricted public funding for legal abortions
At hospitals in three cities where public funding for legal abortions had been restricted, we reviewed the records of women with complications of all types of abortions. We compared the number of complications in the year before funding restriction with the number in the following year, during restriction. For complications of illegal and spontaneous abortions, we found no significant change in either the number or proportion of publicly funded h…
The epidemiology of abortion services
O'Reilly, Kevin R. PhD1; Dorfman, Sally Faith MD, MSHSA1; Cates, Willard Jr MD, MPH2 Author Information
Race-specific patterns of abortion use by American teenagers
Between 1972 and 1978, as legal abortion became more widely available nationally, abortion rates (abortions per 1,000 women) and ratios (abortions per 1,000 live births) increased for all American teenagers; from 1972 to 1975, the rates and ratios for teenagers for Black and other races increased faster than those for White teenagers. For all seven years, abortion rates were higher for teenagers of Black and other races than for white teenagers. …
Fertility and Population Dynamics in Two Kampuchean Refugee Camps
During the Kampuchean refugee relief program the initial phase of high mortality was short-lived as food water and basic medical care became available. Deaths declined dramatically and remained low; the general health and nutritional status of the population improved. Refugees who were apparently exposed to more severe prewar conditions were in poorer health and initially had a low fertility rate. In contrast refugees exposed to less severe prewa…
Response by Ezzard, et al
Response by Ezzard, et al Nancy V. Ezzard, Willard Cates, Jr., and Christopher Tietze CopyRight https://doi.org/10.2105/AJPH.73.4.453-a Published Online: October 07, 2011
The Risks Associated with Teenage Abortion
the risks of morbidity and mortality affect a teenager's choice between termination of a pregnancy through induced abortion and continuation of the pregnancy. To identify these risks, we analyzed information from two separate sets of data collected by the Centers for Disease Control: that of the Joint Program for the Study of Abortion, a multicenter prospective study of nearly 165,000 legally induced abortions; and that of a national surveillance…
Genital herpes
We analyzed data from a national telephone survey to determine whether awareness of the herpes epidemic led to changes in sexual behavior. Of those surveyed, 67 per cent heard about herpes only within the last two years. More importantly, 45 per cent of individuals perceiving themselves to be at risk stated they had changed their behavior as a result of this perception. Among those never married, 60 per cent stated they were willing to modify the…
Self-reported pelvic inflammatory disease in the US
Based on a nationally representative sample of American women of reproductive age, in 1982, one in seven reported having had pelvic inflammatory disease (PID). One in ten had received ambulatory care, and one in 25 were hospitalized for PID. A two-fold race differential was observed in self-reported history of PID. One in four Blacks compared to one in eight Whites reported having received treatment for this condition sometime in the past. The pr…
Worldwide Patterns of Infertility
The World Health Organisation sponsored a multicentre, collaborative investigation of a standard approach to evaluating infertile couples. The study was conducted between 1979 and 1984 in thirty-three medical centres in twenty-five countries throughout the developed and developing world. Over 5800 couples completed the investigation. African centres had a pattern of infertility different from those in other developing regions or the developed cou…
Contraceptive use, pelvic inflammatory disease, and fertility problems among American women
Education for Aids prevention
Authorities frequently state that education is the "only" method we have to stop the AIDS (acquired immunodeficiency syndrome) epidemic until a vaccine and/or curative therapy is available. We suggest that education, while critically important to our efforts to stop transmission of the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), needs to be bolstered by additional voluntary approaches. Control of parenteral drug use, prevention of ulcerative sexually tra…
Contraceptive Failure in the United States
This report provides an update of the authors' previous estimates of first-year probabilities of contraceptive failure for all methods of contraception. Estimates are provided of failure during typical use (which includes both incorrect and inconsistent use) and during perfect use (correct use at every act of intercourse). The difference between these two probabilities provides a measure of how forgiving of imperfect use each method is. These rev…
Medicine (34 works) · Environmental health (22 works) · Population (17 works) · Reproductive Health and Contraception (17 works) · Pregnancy (16 works) · Demography (15 works) · Abortion (14 works) · Family medicine (11 works) · Family planning (11 works) · Research methodology (10 works)