Wilma J Nusselder
Biographic Data
| ID | 6045157 |
|---|---|
| NAME | Wilma J Nusselder |
| GIVEN NAMES | Wilma J |
| FAMILY NAME | Nusselder |
| SIGNATURE | NUSSELDER W J |
| AFFILIATIONS | Erasmus MC |
| ORCID | 0000-0002-1314-7760 |
| VERIFIED | Yes |
| TOTAL WORKS | 36 |
| TOTAL CITATIONS | 90 |
| WORKS AS AUTHOR | 36 |
| WORKS AS EDITOR | 0 |
| FIRST PUBLICATION YEAR | 1996 |
| LATEST PUBLICATION YEAR | 2023 |
| H-INDEX | 6 |
Widening educational inequalities in mortality in more recent birth cohorts
BACKGROUND: Studies of period changes in educational inequalities in mortality have shown important changes over time. It is unknown whether a birth cohort perspective paints the same picture. We compared changes in inequalities in mortality between a period and cohort perspective and explored mortality trends among low-educated and high-educated birth cohorts. DATA AND METHODS: In 14 European countries, we collected and harmonised all-cause and …
Future trends of life expectancy by education in the Netherlands
The educational inequalities in life expectancy are expected to persist or slightly increase for both men and women. The persistence and possible increase of inequalities in life expectancy between the educational groups may cause equity concerns of increases in pension age that are equal among all socio-economic groups
Projecting years in good health between age 50–69 by education in the Netherlands until 2030 using several health indicators - an application in the context of a changing pension age
Socio-economic inequalities in trends of mortality and the prevalence of ill-health, combined with increasing statutory pension age, impact the low educated more adversely than the high educated. Policies are needed to mitigate the increasing deficit of years in good health relative to the pension age, particularly among the low educated
Determinants of educational inequalities in disability-free life expectancy between ages 35 and 80 in Europe
Socioeconomic inequalities in disability-free life expectancy (DFLE) exist across all European countries, yet the driving determinants of these differences are not completely known. We calculated the impact on educational inequalities in DFLE of equalizing the distribution of eight risk factors for mortality and disability using register-based mortality data and survey data from 15 European countries for individuals between 35 and 80 years old. F…
Are we really all in this together? The social patterning of mortality during the first wave of the Covid-19 pandemic in Belgium
Background Belgium was one of the countries that was struck hard by COVID-19. Initially, the belief was that we were ‘all in it together’. Emerging evidence showed however that deprived socioeconomic groups suffered disproportionally. Yet, few studies are available for Belgium. The main question addressed in this paper is whether excess mortality during the first COVID-19 wave followed a social gradient and whether the classic mortality gradient …
Trends in inequalities in disability in Europe between 2002 and 2017
BACKGROUND: Monitoring socioeconomic inequalities in population health is important in order to reduce them. We aim to determine if educational inequalities in Global Activity Limitation Indicator (GALI) disability have changed between 2002 and 2017 in Europe (26 countries). METHODS: We used logistic regression to quantify the annual change in disability prevalence by education, as well as the annual change in prevalence difference and ratio, bot…
Special Report
Funded by the European Commission Horizon2020 programme, the Lifepath research consortium aimed to understand the impacts of socioeconomic inequalities on the biology of healthy ageing. The main research questions included the impact of inequalities on health, the role of behavioural and other risk factors, the underlying biological mechanisms, the efficacy of selected policies, and the general implications of our findings for theories and polici…
A System Dynamics and Participatory Action Research Approach to Promote Healthy Living and a Healthy Weight among 10–14-Year-Old Adolescents in Amsterdam
This paper describes the design of the LIKE programme, which aims to tackle the complex problem of childhood overweight and obesity in 10-14-year-old adolescents using a systems dynamics and participatory approach. The LIKE programme focuses on the transition period from 10-years-old to teenager and was implemented in collaboration with the Amsterdam Healthy Weight Programme (AHWP) in Amsterdam-East, the Netherlands. The aim is to develop, implem…
Women’s excess unhealthy life years
BACKGROUND: Compared to men, women live longer but have more years with disability. We assessed the contribution of gender differences in mortality and disability, total and by cause, to women's excess unhealthy life years (ULYs). METHODS: We used mortality data for France 2008 from Eurostat, causes of death from the CépiDc-INSERM-database; and disability and chronic conditions data from the French Disability Health Survey 2008-09. ULYs were calc…
Mortality inequalities by occupational class among men in Japan, South Korea and eight European countries
BACKGROUND: We compared mortality inequalities by occupational class in Japan and South Korea with those in European countries, in order to determine whether patterns are similar. METHODS: National register-based data from Japan, South Korea and eight European countries (Finland, Denmark, England/Wales, France, Switzerland, Italy (Turin), Estonia, Lithuania) covering the period between 1990 and 2015 were collected and harmonised. We calculated ag…
Trends in health inequalities in 27 European countries
Significance Inequalities in mortality and morbidity among socioeconomic groups are a highly persistent phenomenon despite having been the focus of public health policy in many countries. The United States has recently witnessed a widening of health inequalities due to rising mortality and morbidity among the lowly educated. Our study shows that, despite the financial crisis, most European countries have experienced an improvement in the health o…
Methods to assess the contribution of diseases to disability using cross-sectional studies
BACKGROUND: This study aims to illustrate the differences between approaches proposed for apportioning disability to different diseases in a multicausal situation, i.e. the unadjusted attributable fraction (AF), the adjusted AF, the average AF and the attribution method (AM). This information is useful to better interpret results obtained from cross-sectional data and help policy makers decide on public health strategies. METHODS: Data for 29 931…
Taking multi-morbidity into account when attributing Dalys to risk factors
We argue that the GBD2010 approach is a hybrid of an attributional and counterfactual approach, making the end result hard to understand, while dynamic modelling uses a purely counterfactual approach and thus yields better interpretable results
Potential health gains and health losses in eleven EU countries attainable through feasible prevalences of the life-style related risk factors alcohol, BMI, and smoking
Smoking is still the risk-factor with the largest potential health gains. BMI, however, has comparatively large effects on morbidity. Future research should aim to improve knowledge of how policies can influence and shape individual and aggregated life-style-related risk-factor behavior
Does the Impact of the Tobacco Epidemic Explain Structural Changes in the Decline of Mortality
Since 1950, most developed countries have exhibited structural changes in mortality decline. This complicates extrapolative forecasts, such as the commonly used Lee-Carter model, that require the presence of a steady long-term trend. This study tests whether the impact of the tobacco epidemic explains the structural changes in mortality decline, as it is presumed in earlier studies. For this purpose, the time index of the Lee-Carter model in male…
Educational differentials in disability vary across and within welfare regimes
BACKGROUND: Social differentials in disability prevalence exist in all European countries, but their scale varies markedly. To improve understanding of this variation, the article focuses on each end of the social gradient. It compares the extent of the higher disability prevalence in low social groups (referred to as disability disadvantage) and of the lower prevalence in high social groups (disability advantage); country-specific advantages/dis…
Forecasting differences in life expectancy by education
Forecasts of life expectancy (LE) have fuelled debates about the sustainability and dependability of pension and healthcare systems. Of relevance to these debates are inequalities in LE by education. In this paper, we present a method of forecasting LE for different educational groups within a population. As a basic framework we use the Li-Lee model that was developed to forecast mortality coherently for different groups. We adapted this model to…
Comparison of socio-economic indicators explaining inequalities in Healthy Life Years at age 50 in Europe
BACKGROUND: The first estimates of Healthy Life Years at age 50 (HLY50) across the EU25 countries in 2005 showed substantial variation in healthy ageing. We investigate whether factors contributing to HLY50 inequalities have changed between 2005 and 2010. METHODS: HLY50 for each country and year were calculated using Sullivan's method, applying the age-specific prevalence of activity limitation from the European Union Statistics on Income and Liv…
Contribution of chronic diseases to the disability burden in a population 15 years and older, Belgium, 1997–2008
To reduce the burden of disability in Belgium, interventions should target musculoskeletal, cardiovascular and respiratory diseases especially among elderly. Furthermore, attention should also be given to depression in young individuals
Quantifying the contribution of changes in healthcare expenditures and smoking to the reversal of the trend in life expectancy in the Netherlands
This study suggests that changes in Dutch HCE, and not in smoking, made an important contribution to the reversal of the trend in LE; these findings support the view that investments in healthcare are increasingly important for further progress in life expectancy
A closer look at the role of healthcare in the recent mortality decline in the Netherlands
BACKGROUND: Since 2002, Dutch mortality rates decreased rapidly after decades of stagnation. On the basis of indirect evidence, previous research has suggested that this decline was due to a sudden expansion of healthcare. We tested two corollaries of this hypothesis--first, that the decline was concentrated among those with ill-health and second, that the decline can be statistically accounted for by increases in healthcare utilisation. METHODS:…
The effect of smoking on the duration of life with and without disability, Belgium 1997–2011
Smoking kills and shortens both life without and life with disability. Smoking related disability can however not be ignored, given its contribution to the excess years with disability especially in younger age groups
Educational Disparities in the Burden of Disability
Objectives. We assessed the contributions of the prevalence and disabling impact of specific diseases to educational disparities in the prevalence of disability. Methods. We examined a large representative survey of the Dutch population, the Dutch Permanent Survey of Living Conditions (2001–2007; n = 24 883; ages 40–97 years). We attributed the prevalence of disability to chronic diseases by using their empirical associations and assuming indepen…
Modeling and Forecasting Health Expectancy
Life expectancy continues to grow in most Western countries; however, a major remaining question is whether longer life expectancy will be associated with more or fewer life years spent with poor health. Therefore, complementing forecasts of life expectancy with forecasts of health expectancies is useful. To forecast health expectancy, an extension of the stochastic extrapolative models developed for forecasting total life expectancy could be app…
The Disabling Effect of Diseases
Objectives. Data from the Netherlands indicate a recent increase in prevalence of chronic diseases and a stable prevalence of disability, suggesting that diseases have become less disabling. We studied the association between chronic diseases and activity limitations in the Netherlands from 1990 to 2008. Methods. Five surveys among noninstitutionalized persons aged 55 to 84 years (n = 54 847) obtained self-reported data on chronic diseases (diabe…
Decomposition of differences in health expectancy by cause
Health expectancy is a widely used measure for monitoring trends in the health of a population and assessing differences in health among population groups. However, no decomposition method is available to examine the contribution made by causes of death and disability to differences in health expectancy among population groups or periods. We present a method for decomposing differences in health expectancy, based on the Sullivan method. This meth…
The elimination of selected chronic diseases in a population
OBJECTIVES. This study evaluates the effect of eliminating a specific disease on the mortality, long-term disability, and overall health status of a population. Primarily, it examines whether elimination leads to a compression of morbidity. METHODS. The Sullivan method was used to calculate disability-free life expectancy. Cause-deleted disability prevalence was estimated with a multiple logistic regression model that used data from the Dutch Nat…
The Contribution of Specific Diseases to Educational Disparities in Disability-Free Life Expectancy
Objectives. We examined the contribution that specific diseases, as causes of both death and disability, make to educational disparities in disability-free life expectancy (DFLE). Methods. We used disability data from the Belgian Health Interview Survey (1997) and mortality data from the National Mortality Follow-Up Study (1991–1996) to assess education-related disparities in DFLE and to partition these differences into additive contributions of …
Inequalities in health expectancies at older ages in the European Union
BACKGROUND: Life expectancy gaps between Eastern and Western Europe are well reported with even larger variations in healthy life years (HLY). AIMS: To compare European countries with respect to a wide range of health expectancies based on more specific measures that cover the disablement process in order to better understand previous inequalities. METHODS: Health expectancies at age 50 by gender and country using Sullivan's method were calculate…
Educational differentials in disability vary across and within welfare regimes
BACKGROUND: Social differentials in disability prevalence exist in all European countries, but their scale varies markedly. To improve understanding of this variation, the article focuses on each end of the social gradient. It compares the extent of the higher disability prevalence in low social groups (referred to as disability disadvantage) and of the lower prevalence in high social groups (disability advantage); country-specific advantages/dis…
Mortality Risk Associated With Disability
Objectives. We assessed the association between mortality and disability and quantified the effect of disability-associated risk factors. Methods. We linked data from cross-sectional health surveys in the Netherlands to the population registry to create a large data set comprising baseline covariates and an indicator of death. We used Cox regression models to estimate the hazard ratio of disability on mortality. Results. Among men, the unadjusted…
Modeling and Forecasting Health Expectancy
Life expectancy continues to grow in most Western countries; however, a major remaining question is whether longer life expectancy will be associated with more or fewer life years spent with poor health. Therefore, complementing forecasts of life expectancy with forecasts of health expectancies is useful. To forecast health expectancy, an extension of the stochastic extrapolative models developed for forecasting total life expectancy could be app…
Widening educational inequalities in mortality in more recent birth cohorts
BACKGROUND: Studies of period changes in educational inequalities in mortality have shown important changes over time. It is unknown whether a birth cohort perspective paints the same picture. We compared changes in inequalities in mortality between a period and cohort perspective and explored mortality trends among low-educated and high-educated birth cohorts. DATA AND METHODS: In 14 European countries, we collected and harmonised all-cause and …
Successful aging
Current research of risk factors potentially associated with successful aging faces the difficulty of taking into consideration two distinct outcome measures: survival and functioning. Previous studies either used successful aging measures restricted to survivors or presented more than one outcome measure to handle the dual outcome. This article illustrates the utility of health expectancy measures, based on life tables, to integrate the effects …
Mortality inequalities by occupational class among men in Japan, South Korea and eight European countries
BACKGROUND: We compared mortality inequalities by occupational class in Japan and South Korea with those in European countries, in order to determine whether patterns are similar. METHODS: National register-based data from Japan, South Korea and eight European countries (Finland, Denmark, England/Wales, France, Switzerland, Italy (Turin), Estonia, Lithuania) covering the period between 1990 and 2015 were collected and harmonised. We calculated ag…
Trends in inequalities in disability in Europe between 2002 and 2017
BACKGROUND: Monitoring socioeconomic inequalities in population health is important in order to reduce them. We aim to determine if educational inequalities in Global Activity Limitation Indicator (GALI) disability have changed between 2002 and 2017 in Europe (26 countries). METHODS: We used logistic regression to quantify the annual change in disability prevalence by education, as well as the annual change in prevalence difference and ratio, bot…
Does the Impact of the Tobacco Epidemic Explain Structural Changes in the Decline of Mortality
Since 1950, most developed countries have exhibited structural changes in mortality decline. This complicates extrapolative forecasts, such as the commonly used Lee-Carter model, that require the presence of a steady long-term trend. This study tests whether the impact of the tobacco epidemic explains the structural changes in mortality decline, as it is presumed in earlier studies. For this purpose, the time index of the Lee-Carter model in male…
Educational Disparities in the Burden of Disability
Objectives. We assessed the contributions of the prevalence and disabling impact of specific diseases to educational disparities in the prevalence of disability. Methods. We examined a large representative survey of the Dutch population, the Dutch Permanent Survey of Living Conditions (2001–2007; n = 24 883; ages 40–97 years). We attributed the prevalence of disability to chronic diseases by using their empirical associations and assuming indepen…
The Disabling Effect of Diseases
Objectives. Data from the Netherlands indicate a recent increase in prevalence of chronic diseases and a stable prevalence of disability, suggesting that diseases have become less disabling. We studied the association between chronic diseases and activity limitations in the Netherlands from 1990 to 2008. Methods. Five surveys among noninstitutionalized persons aged 55 to 84 years (n = 54 847) obtained self-reported data on chronic diseases (diabe…
The Dynamo-HIA Model
In Health Impact Assessment (HIA), or priority-setting for health policy, effects of risk factors (exposures) on health need to be modeled, such as with a Markov model, in which exposure influences mortality and disease incidence rates. Because many risk factors are related to a variety of chronic diseases, these Markov models potentially contain a large number of states (risk factor and disease combinations), providing a challenge both technical…
Forecasting differences in life expectancy by education
Forecasts of life expectancy (LE) have fuelled debates about the sustainability and dependability of pension and healthcare systems. Of relevance to these debates are inequalities in LE by education. In this paper, we present a method of forecasting LE for different educational groups within a population. As a basic framework we use the Li-Lee model that was developed to forecast mortality coherently for different groups. We adapted this model to…
A closer look at the role of healthcare in the recent mortality decline in the Netherlands
BACKGROUND: Since 2002, Dutch mortality rates decreased rapidly after decades of stagnation. On the basis of indirect evidence, previous research has suggested that this decline was due to a sudden expansion of healthcare. We tested two corollaries of this hypothesis--first, that the decline was concentrated among those with ill-health and second, that the decline can be statistically accounted for by increases in healthcare utilisation. METHODS:…
The relation between non-occupational physical activity and years lived with and without disability
OBJECTIVES: The effects of non-occupational physical activity were assessed on the number of years lived with and without disability between age 50 and 80 years. METHODS: Using the GLOBE study and the Longitudinal Study of Aging, multi-state life tables were constructed yielding the number of years with and without disability between age 50 and 80 years. To obtain life tables by level of physical activity (low, moderate, high), hazard ratios were…
Rectangularization of the Survival Curve in The Netherlands
This study analyzed the contribution of selected causes of death to rectangularization of the survival curve of Dutch men and women above age 60 in the 1980s, and determined why rectangularization took place in the 1980s but not in the 1970s. The contribution of causes of death was determined by means of a decomposition analysis, using mortality data by underlying cause of death, sex, and age from Statistics Netherlands. Our results show that mor…
The elimination of selected chronic diseases in a population
OBJECTIVES. This study evaluates the effect of eliminating a specific disease on the mortality, long-term disability, and overall health status of a population. Primarily, it examines whether elimination leads to a compression of morbidity. METHODS. The Sullivan method was used to calculate disability-free life expectancy. Cause-deleted disability prevalence was estimated with a multiple logistic regression model that used data from the Dutch Nat…
Rectangularization of the Survival Curve in The Netherlands
This study analyzed the contribution of selected causes of death to rectangularization of the survival curve of Dutch men and women above age 60 in the 1980s, and determined why rectangularization took place in the 1980s but not in the 1970s. The contribution of causes of death was determined by means of a decomposition analysis, using mortality data by underlying cause of death, sex, and age from Statistics Netherlands. Our results show that mor…
Decomposition of differences in health expectancy by cause
Health expectancy is a widely used measure for monitoring trends in the health of a population and assessing differences in health among population groups. However, no decomposition method is available to examine the contribution made by causes of death and disability to differences in health expectancy among population groups or periods. We present a method for decomposing differences in health expectancy, based on the Sullivan method. This meth…
The Contribution of Specific Diseases to Educational Disparities in Disability-Free Life Expectancy
Objectives. We examined the contribution that specific diseases, as causes of both death and disability, make to educational disparities in disability-free life expectancy (DFLE). Methods. We used disability data from the Belgian Health Interview Survey (1997) and mortality data from the National Mortality Follow-Up Study (1991–1996) to assess education-related disparities in DFLE and to partition these differences into additive contributions of …
Successful aging
Current research of risk factors potentially associated with successful aging faces the difficulty of taking into consideration two distinct outcome measures: survival and functioning. Previous studies either used successful aging measures restricted to survivors or presented more than one outcome measure to handle the dual outcome. This article illustrates the utility of health expectancy measures, based on life tables, to integrate the effects …
Inequalities in healthy life years in the 25 countries of the European Union in 2005
The relation between non-occupational physical activity and years lived with and without disability
OBJECTIVES: The effects of non-occupational physical activity were assessed on the number of years lived with and without disability between age 50 and 80 years. METHODS: Using the GLOBE study and the Longitudinal Study of Aging, multi-state life tables were constructed yielding the number of years with and without disability between age 50 and 80 years. To obtain life tables by level of physical activity (low, moderate, high), hazard ratios were…
Living healthier for longer
Achieving high levels of physical activity, normal weight, and never smoking, are effective ways to prevent cardiovascular disease and to extend total life expectancy and the number of years lived free of CVD. Increasing the prevalence of normal weight could further reduce the time spent with CVD in the population
Inequalities in health expectancies at older ages in the European Union
BACKGROUND: Life expectancy gaps between Eastern and Western Europe are well reported with even larger variations in healthy life years (HLY). AIMS: To compare European countries with respect to a wide range of health expectancies based on more specific measures that cover the disablement process in order to better understand previous inequalities. METHODS: Health expectancies at age 50 by gender and country using Sullivan's method were calculate…
Mortality Risk Associated With Disability
Objectives. We assessed the association between mortality and disability and quantified the effect of disability-associated risk factors. Methods. We linked data from cross-sectional health surveys in the Netherlands to the population registry to create a large data set comprising baseline covariates and an indicator of death. We used Cox regression models to estimate the hazard ratio of disability on mortality. Results. Among men, the unadjusted…
The Disabling Effect of Diseases
Objectives. Data from the Netherlands indicate a recent increase in prevalence of chronic diseases and a stable prevalence of disability, suggesting that diseases have become less disabling. We studied the association between chronic diseases and activity limitations in the Netherlands from 1990 to 2008. Methods. Five surveys among noninstitutionalized persons aged 55 to 84 years (n = 54 847) obtained self-reported data on chronic diseases (diabe…
The Dynamo-HIA Model
In Health Impact Assessment (HIA), or priority-setting for health policy, effects of risk factors (exposures) on health need to be modeled, such as with a Markov model, in which exposure influences mortality and disease incidence rates. Because many risk factors are related to a variety of chronic diseases, these Markov models potentially contain a large number of states (risk factor and disease combinations), providing a challenge both technical…
Modeling and Forecasting Health Expectancy
Life expectancy continues to grow in most Western countries; however, a major remaining question is whether longer life expectancy will be associated with more or fewer life years spent with poor health. Therefore, complementing forecasts of life expectancy with forecasts of health expectancies is useful. To forecast health expectancy, an extension of the stochastic extrapolative models developed for forecasting total life expectancy could be app…
The effect of smoking on the duration of life with and without disability, Belgium 1997–2011
Smoking kills and shortens both life without and life with disability. Smoking related disability can however not be ignored, given its contribution to the excess years with disability especially in younger age groups
Educational Disparities in the Burden of Disability
Objectives. We assessed the contributions of the prevalence and disabling impact of specific diseases to educational disparities in the prevalence of disability. Methods. We examined a large representative survey of the Dutch population, the Dutch Permanent Survey of Living Conditions (2001–2007; n = 24 883; ages 40–97 years). We attributed the prevalence of disability to chronic diseases by using their empirical associations and assuming indepen…
Comparison of socio-economic indicators explaining inequalities in Healthy Life Years at age 50 in Europe
BACKGROUND: The first estimates of Healthy Life Years at age 50 (HLY50) across the EU25 countries in 2005 showed substantial variation in healthy ageing. We investigate whether factors contributing to HLY50 inequalities have changed between 2005 and 2010. METHODS: HLY50 for each country and year were calculated using Sullivan's method, applying the age-specific prevalence of activity limitation from the European Union Statistics on Income and Liv…
Contribution of chronic diseases to the disability burden in a population 15 years and older, Belgium, 1997–2008
To reduce the burden of disability in Belgium, interventions should target musculoskeletal, cardiovascular and respiratory diseases especially among elderly. Furthermore, attention should also be given to depression in young individuals
Quantifying the contribution of changes in healthcare expenditures and smoking to the reversal of the trend in life expectancy in the Netherlands
This study suggests that changes in Dutch HCE, and not in smoking, made an important contribution to the reversal of the trend in LE; these findings support the view that investments in healthcare are increasingly important for further progress in life expectancy
A closer look at the role of healthcare in the recent mortality decline in the Netherlands
BACKGROUND: Since 2002, Dutch mortality rates decreased rapidly after decades of stagnation. On the basis of indirect evidence, previous research has suggested that this decline was due to a sudden expansion of healthcare. We tested two corollaries of this hypothesis--first, that the decline was concentrated among those with ill-health and second, that the decline can be statistically accounted for by increases in healthcare utilisation. METHODS:…
Potential health gains and health losses in eleven EU countries attainable through feasible prevalences of the life-style related risk factors alcohol, BMI, and smoking
Smoking is still the risk-factor with the largest potential health gains. BMI, however, has comparatively large effects on morbidity. Future research should aim to improve knowledge of how policies can influence and shape individual and aggregated life-style-related risk-factor behavior
Does the Impact of the Tobacco Epidemic Explain Structural Changes in the Decline of Mortality
Since 1950, most developed countries have exhibited structural changes in mortality decline. This complicates extrapolative forecasts, such as the commonly used Lee-Carter model, that require the presence of a steady long-term trend. This study tests whether the impact of the tobacco epidemic explains the structural changes in mortality decline, as it is presumed in earlier studies. For this purpose, the time index of the Lee-Carter model in male…
Educational differentials in disability vary across and within welfare regimes
BACKGROUND: Social differentials in disability prevalence exist in all European countries, but their scale varies markedly. To improve understanding of this variation, the article focuses on each end of the social gradient. It compares the extent of the higher disability prevalence in low social groups (referred to as disability disadvantage) and of the lower prevalence in high social groups (disability advantage); country-specific advantages/dis…
Forecasting differences in life expectancy by education
Forecasts of life expectancy (LE) have fuelled debates about the sustainability and dependability of pension and healthcare systems. Of relevance to these debates are inequalities in LE by education. In this paper, we present a method of forecasting LE for different educational groups within a population. As a basic framework we use the Li-Lee model that was developed to forecast mortality coherently for different groups. We adapted this model to…
Taking multi-morbidity into account when attributing Dalys to risk factors
We argue that the GBD2010 approach is a hybrid of an attributional and counterfactual approach, making the end result hard to understand, while dynamic modelling uses a purely counterfactual approach and thus yields better interpretable results
Trends in health inequalities in 27 European countries
Significance Inequalities in mortality and morbidity among socioeconomic groups are a highly persistent phenomenon despite having been the focus of public health policy in many countries. The United States has recently witnessed a widening of health inequalities due to rising mortality and morbidity among the lowly educated. Our study shows that, despite the financial crisis, most European countries have experienced an improvement in the health o…
Health disparities and outcomes (32 works) · Medicine (31 works) · Demography (29 works) · Population (25 works) · Environmental health (21 works) · Gerontology (20 works) · Global Health Care Issues (15 works) · Life expectancy (15 works) · Sociology (15 works) · Economics (14 works)