Gregory N Connolly
Biographic Data
| ID | 6058770 |
|---|---|
| NAME | Gregory N Connolly |
| GIVEN NAMES | Gregory N |
| FAMILY NAME | Connolly |
| SIGNATURE | CONNOLLY G N |
| AFFILIATIONS | Massachusetts Department of Public Health |
| VERIFIED | No |
| TOTAL WORKS | 52 |
| TOTAL CITATIONS | 15 |
| AUTHOR COUNT | 52 |
| EDITOR COUNT | 0 |
| FIRST PUBLICATION YEAR | 1985 |
| LATEST PUBLICATION YEAR | 2017 |
| H-INDEX | 3 |
Tobacco industry response to a ban on lights descriptors on cigarette packaging and population outcomes
This study strongly suggests that manufacturers' circumvention prevented the lights descriptor ban from succeeding as intended, most likely perpetuating the misleading consumer perceptions about relative risks, while failing to increase smoking cessation and reduce initiation. Laws requiring generic (plain) and elimination of subbrand descriptors should prevent evasion of legislation banning the use of specific terms through marketing, regulatory…
A study of pyrazines in cigarettes and how additives might be used to enhance tobacco addiction
Cigarette additives and ingredients with chemosensory effects that promote addiction by acting synergistically with nicotine, increasing product appeal, easing smoking initiation, discouraging cessation or promoting relapse should be regulated by the US Food and Drug Administration. Current models of tobacco abuse liability could be revised to include more explicit roles with regard to non-nicotine constituents that enhance abuse potential
Effectiveness of the Cigarette Ignition Propensity Standard in Preventing Unintentional Residential Fires in Massachusetts
Objectives. We evaluated the Massachusetts Fire Safe Cigarette Law’s (FSCL’s) effectiveness in preventing residential fires. Methods. We examined unintentional residential fires reported to the Massachusetts Fire Incident Reporting System from 2004 to 2010. We analyzed FSCL effect on the likelihood of cigarette- versus noncigarette-caused fires and effect modification by fire scenario factors by using an interrupted time series regression model. …
The impact of the Cyprus comprehensive smoking ban on air quality and economic business of hospitality venues
Smoke free legislations, when enforced, are highly effective in improving the air quality and reducing the levels of indoor PM2.5. Strict enforcement plays a key role in the successful implementation of smoking bans. Even in nations with high smoking prevalence comprehensive smoking laws can be effectively implemented and have no negative effect on accommodation, food, and beverage services
Has the tobacco industry evaded the FDA's ban on ‘Light’ cigarette descriptors
Tobacco manufacturers appear to have evaded a critical element of the FSPTCA, the ban on misleading descriptors that convey reduced health risk messages. The FPSTCA provides regulatory mechanisms, including banning these products as adulterated (Section 902). Manufacturers could then apply for pre-market approval as new products and produce evidence for FDA evaluation and determination whether or not sales of these products are in the public heal…
The recent and projected public health and economic benefits of cigarette taxation in Greece
Nations such as Greece, should employ taxation as a crucial measure to promote public health and economic development in such dire times. International economic organisations should aggressively pursue programmes and policies that champion the economic benefits of tobacco taxation
Population Use, Sales, and Design
Objectives. We compared multiple measures of surveillance of “light” cigarette use, including population use, sales, and design features. Measures were obtained before the 2010 descriptors ban to establish a baseline for future evaluation of the effect of the ban. Methods. We examined light cigarette use, sales, and design using 3 data sets from 2009. We assessed population use using National Survey on Drug Use and Health data. Sales data were dr…
Exposure to different sources of second-hand smoke during pregnancy and its effect on urinary cotinine and tobacco-specific nitrosamine (NNAL) concentrations
Using cotinine levels as an indicator of NNK, exposure due to SHS during pregnancy leads to an underestimation of exposure to NNK uptake. Moreover, each source of exposure contributed to the increase in cotinine levels, indicating the importance of avoiding SHS exposure from any source
A prospective cohort study challenging the effectiveness of population-based medical intervention for smoking cessation
This study finds that persons who have quit smoking relapsed at equivalent rates, whether or not they used NRT to help them in their quit attempts. Cessation medication policy should be made in the larger context of public health, and increasing individual treatment coverage should not be at the expense of population evidence-based programmes and policies
Changes in tobacco industry advertising around high schools in Greece following an outdoor advertising ban
The outdoor advertising restriction in Greece has led to a reduced number of tobacco advertisements per POS, and the eradication of billboard advertising. Nevertheless, there is a need to regulate kiosks, which were identified as a key vector for tobacco advertising, and to increase compliance among regulated convenience stores
Public Attitudes Regarding Banning of Cigarettes and Regulation of Nicotine
Knowledge of current public opinion is important as the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) applies the best scientific evidence available to tobacco product regulation. Based on a nationally representative survey of the US adult population, we report 43% support for banning of cigarettes, 65% for reducing nicotine, and 77% for reducing nicotine if such an action could cause fewer children to become addicted to cigarettes. The FDA should consider …
Design and study protocol of the maternal smoking cessation during pregnancy study, (M-SCOPE)
ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier NCT01210118
Increasing prevalence of smoke-free homes and decreasing rates of sudden infant death syndrome in the United States
The uptake of voluntary restrictions on smoking inside the home may present a public health benefit for infants in their first year of life. In light of inherent ecological study design limitations, these results warrant further individual level research linking postnatal SHS exposure and SIDS
Smokers' self-reported responses to the introduction of reduced ignition propensity (RIP) cigarettes
The introduction of RIP cigarettes in Massachusetts yielded little change, and no adverse effect, on self-reported smoker response, among a sample of mostly Caucasian smokers
RJ Reynolds goes international with new dissolvable tobacco products
In 2009, RJ Reynolds (RJR) introduced dissolvable tobacco products in three test markets in the USA (figure 1A). ‘Camel Dissolvables,’ which come in the form of orbs, strips and sticks, are made from finely milled tobacco and are intended to dissolve in the mouth without expectoration.1 Figure 1 Dissolvable tobacco products manufactured by RJ Reynolds and purchased in (A) Portland, Oregon, USA, and (B) Taipei, Taiwan. Nearly identical dissolvable…
Smoke-free households with children and decreasing rates of paediatric clinical encounters for otitis media in the United States
Paediatric encounter rates for OM decreased steadily over a 13-year period reversing a previously reported long-term increasing trend reported. Reduced SHS exposure, PCV7 coverage since 2002 and other factors may have contributed to the decline. Further research is needed to provide direct estimates of paediatric encounter rates in exposed and unexposed populations for causal inference
Cigarette sales in pharmacies in the USA (2005–2009)
Cigarette sales in American pharmacies have risen in recent years, while cigarette sales nationally have declined. If current trends continue, pharmacy cigarette market share will, by 2020, increase to more than four times the 2005 share
Understanding worldwide youth attitudes towards smoke-free policies
The majority of youth worldwide support, yet lack, smoke-free policies in public places, while being regularly exposed to SHS. Youth support of SFPs is most positively associated with knowledge of the harmful effects of tobacco smoke. Redoubling education efforts represents an opportunity to establish smoke-free environments and improve health of children in developing countries
What Defines an Effective Anti-Tobacco TV Advertisement? A Pilot Study among Greek Adolescents
As the Framework Convention on Tobacco Control (FCTC) calls for public health awareness on tobacco use, mass media campaigns should be appropriately designed so as to maximize their effectiveness. In this methodological pilot study, 95 Greek adolescents (mean age 15 +/- 1.8 years), were shown seven different anti tobacco ads, and asked to rate the ad theme, message and emotional context on a 1-7 Likert scale. Health related ads were rated the hig…
The Impact of Menthol Cigarettes on Smoking Initiation among Non-Smoking Young Females in Japan
Japan presents an excellent case-study of a nation with low female smoking rates and a negligible menthol market which changed after the cigarette market was opened to foreign competition. Internal tobacco industry documents demonstrate the intent of tobacco manufacturers to increase initiation among young females through development and marketing of menthol brands. Japanese menthol market share rose rapidly from less than 1% in 1980 to 20% in 20…
Global surveillance of oral tobacco products
These data have important implications for risk assessment because they show that very different exposure risks may be posed through the use of these chemically diverse oral tobacco products. Because of the wide chemical variation, oral tobacco products should not be categorised together when considering the public health implications of their use
Ignition strength of 25 international cigarette brands
Cigarette ignition propensity can be greatly reduced through legislation that requires cigarette fire safety standards. RIP cigarettes have the potential to significantly decrease the number of fire deaths, injuries and destruction of property caused by cigarette-ignited fires. Appropriate standards should be applied in cigarette markets globally
Electronic cigarettes
Electronic cigarettes (e-cigarettes) have gained considerable attention since their introduction into European and American markets in 2006 and 2007, respectively. Research to date has focused on acute exposure,1 2 nicotine delivery1–3 and consumer response,4 yet little information has so far been available on this new and rapidly developing industry. Knowledge of e-cigarette sales and marketing strategies is needed to fully inform responses from…
Swedish Match marketing on YouTube
In a press release dated April 6, 2009, Swedish Match North America announced the launch of a new website promoting its General Snus brand.1 Included with this release was a link to a professionally made video hosted on the YouTube website. Entitled ‘General Snus Is The Less Harmful Alternative. Do You SNUS,’ the video described General Snus flavours, features of the new website and directed viewers to the website with an offer of free samples.2
Indoor secondhand tobacco smoke emission levels in six Lebanese cities
Despite ratification of the FCTC in 2005, both cigarette and water-pipe smoking are commonly practised in enclosed public places throughout Lebanon, leading to unsafe levels of indoor particulate pollution. Smoke-free policies are needed in Lebanon to protect the public's health, and should apply to all forms of tobacco smoking
Snuffing tobacco out of sport
Use of oral snuff has risen sharply among baseball players following a tobacco industry marketing campaign that linked smokeless tobacco with athletic performance and virility. Millions of adolescents have copied these professional role models and, today, are at risk of developing oral cancer and other mouth disorders. New policies and programs are needed to break the powerful grip that the tobacco industry has on professional sport. Health agenc…
Public Attitudes Regarding Banning of Cigarettes and Regulation of Nicotine
Knowledge of current public opinion is important as the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) applies the best scientific evidence available to tobacco product regulation. Based on a nationally representative survey of the US adult population, we report 43% support for banning of cigarettes, 65% for reducing nicotine, and 77% for reducing nicotine if such an action could cause fewer children to become addicted to cigarettes. The FDA should consider …
Tobacco Industry Control of Menthol in Cigarettes and Targeting of Adolescents and Young Adults
Objectives. We examined whether tobacco manufacturers manipulate the menthol content of cigarettes in an effort to target adolescents and young adults. Methods. We analyzed data from tobacco industry documents describing menthol product development, results of laboratory testing of US menthol brands, market research reports, and the 2006 National Survey on Drug Use and Health. Results. The tobacco industry attracted new smokers by promoting cigar…
Effectiveness of the Cigarette Ignition Propensity Standard in Preventing Unintentional Residential Fires in Massachusetts
Objectives. We evaluated the Massachusetts Fire Safe Cigarette Law’s (FSCL’s) effectiveness in preventing residential fires. Methods. We examined unintentional residential fires reported to the Massachusetts Fire Incident Reporting System from 2004 to 2010. We analyzed FSCL effect on the likelihood of cigarette- versus noncigarette-caused fires and effect modification by fire scenario factors by using an interrupted time series regression model. …
Population Use, Sales, and Design
Objectives. We compared multiple measures of surveillance of “light” cigarette use, including population use, sales, and design features. Measures were obtained before the 2010 descriptors ban to establish a baseline for future evaluation of the effect of the ban. Methods. We examined light cigarette use, sales, and design using 3 data sets from 2009. We assessed population use using National Survey on Drug Use and Health data. Sales data were dr…
What Massachusetts Residents Know about Fluoridation
The Massachusetts Department of Public Health conducted a comprehensive, statewide telephone health interview survey during 1980. Adult members of 1,091 households were interviewed. The purpose of this paper is to report the attitudes and knowledge of the Massachusetts residents surveyed regarding fluoridation, as well as the relation of their attitudes with demographic and socioeconomic variables, dental and other health behaviors, and outcome o…
Developing a Sealant Program
This paper describes the program structure and strategies being used by the Massachusetts Department of Public Health to promote the utilization of sealants. The program design includes four components: clinical demonstration, consumer education, professional education, and reimbursement. Eighteen Massachusetts neighborhood health centers and six local health departments are participating in the clinical demonstration component. Since March 1984,…
Report of the Tobacco Policy Research Study Group on Adjunctive Medications for Managing Nicotine Dependence
Because smoking is so common, and because its complications are so common and so devastating,1 nicotine dependence is the most common serious medical problem in the United States.2,3 Clinical approaches to management of this condition have improved markedly over the past 15 years.3,4 Substantial advances in behavioural therapy have been complemented by the introduction of pharmacological agents that ameliorate nicotine withdrawal. Though these ma…
Report of the Tobacco Policy Research Study Group on Tobacco Trade
Nicotine is the active pharmacological agent in tobacco products.1,2 The interaction of this alkaloid with nicotinic receptors in the central nervous system is the pharmacological basis for its addictive qualities. The chemical dependence regularly produced by nicotine results in prolonged exposure to the many toxic materials found in tobacco and tobacco smoke.3 These exposures lead, in turn, to the burden of illness and death caused by tobacco.4…
Report of the Tobacco Policy Research Study Group on Tobacco Products
Snuffing tobacco out of sport
Use of oral snuff has risen sharply among baseball players following a tobacco industry marketing campaign that linked smokeless tobacco with athletic performance and virility. Millions of adolescents have copied these professional role models and, today, are at risk of developing oral cancer and other mouth disorders. New policies and programs are needed to break the powerful grip that the tobacco industry has on professional sport. Health agenc…
How cigarette additives are used to mask environmental tobacco smoke
Findings suggest that the tobacco industry uses additives to reduce the perception of ETS. To protect the public, appropriate regulation of tobacco additives should be mandated
Suckers today, smokers tomorrow
A recent Industry Watch ( Tobacco Control ; 2001; 10 :253–7) explored an “experiment in progress”—the use of snus (oral snuff) by Sweden's males as a possible substitute for cigarette smoking and as a way to reduce male lung cancer. A recent study commissioned by the Massachusetts Department of Public Health and conducted by the American Health Foundation found that levels of tobacco specific nitrosamines (TSNAs), the principal class of carcinoge…
Cigarette advertising in magazines
The tobacco industry response to the MSA was at best modest, reducing proportional allocations of advertising to youth magazines but increasing the absolute amount of such advertising. The value of public pressure was seen in substantial reductions in both absolute and proportional spending on youth magazines, although not by all companies
My travels with John Slade
A year or so later we were once again in London advising the UK on tobacco issues and John took me to Vespers at a beautiful Anglican chapel a few blocks from the meeting.When the minister asked me what Anglican Church I attended in Boston I had to admit that I was a Catholic and it was St Joe's in Belmont.John laughed and told him same "company" but only a different floor.We all laughed.I had my religious revenge with John when Father Mike Crosb…
Eclipse
There is as yet unsatisfactory evidence that Eclipse is less harmful than conventional cigarettes. Eclipse appears to be at least as toxic as some commercially available cigarette brands. Consumers may be misled by RJR's health claims into believing that Eclipse is a safer alternative to conventional cigarettes, underscoring the need for regulatory intervention
Sweet and spicy flavours
The tobacco industry is now adding sweet and spicy flavours to its products in order to increase sales to youth and minorities
New Cigarette Brands With Flavors That Appeal To Youth
Tobacco manufacturers have recently introduced a proliferation of exotic brands featuring candylike flavors. We reviewed internal tobacco industry documents and patents to assess the role of flavored cigarettes in the targeting of young smokers. This research revealed the development of flavor delivery technologies hidden from consumers and public health professionals, including the use of a plastic pellet placed in the cigarette filter. These fi…
Effect of the New York State cigarette fire safety standard on ignition propensity, smoke constituents, and the consumer market
RIP cigarette brands have been designed to meet the New York fire safety standards. Their introduction has not affected cigarette sales or prices in New York. There is no evidence that the small increases in smoke constituent yields affect the already highly toxic nature of cigarette smoke. Data on smoking caused fires, deaths, and injuries dating from after the change in law are not yet available. Such data will be able to address the question o…
Disparities in Global Tobacco Harm Reduction
In “Origins of the WHO Framework Convention on Tobacco Control,” Roemer et al. present a compelling argument for a unified global approach to tobacco control.1 However, the Framework Convention on Tobacco Control will not benefit nonsignatory countries, which tend to have few or no existing tobacco control measures in place. Indonesia is the only Asian country that failed to sign the treaty. Significantly, Indonesia is also one of the largest tob…
Clean cut cigarettes
A fictitious cigarette brand, "launched" at the 11th World Conference on Tobacco or Health, appears to have been adopted by Philip Morris
Brand differences of free-base nicotine delivery in cigarette smoke
The recent availability of internal tobacco industry documents provides significant insight into industry knowledge and manipulation of tobacco smoke delivery. One critical area of research is the role of smoke chemistry in determining the absorption and effects of smoke constituents, especially harm producing or pharmacologically active compounds. Independent scientific research has suggested that the nicotine dosing characteristics, hence the a…
Impact of corrective health information on consumers’ perceptions of “reduced exposure” tobacco products
A small dose of corrective information was effective in tempering smokers' perceptions. A higher dose of public health campaigns would be needed to affect misperceptions likely to follow a full-scale tobacco marketing effort
Trends in nicotine yield in smoke and its relationship with design characteristics among popular US cigarette brands, 1997–2005
This study confirms increased machine-measured levels of nicotine, the addictive agent in cigarettes, in smoke, to be a result of increased nicotine in the tobacco rod and other design modifications
Prevalence and social environment of cigarette smoking in Cyprus youth
Smoking prevalence among Cyprus middle and high school students is high and there are indications of an increase in the prevalence of smoking among girls over the last few years. Susceptibility rates, exposure to second-hand smoke, and access to and availability of cigarettes to youth are also high and concerning. The present survey indicates that the problem of cigarette smoking among youth in Cyprus is significant and requires collective action…
Free nicotine content and strategic marketing of moist snuff tobacco products in the United States
A combination of factors including brand proliferation, control of free nicotine and product design has most likely resulted in the expanded consumption of moist snuff, particularly among young people
Tobacco Industry Control of Menthol in Cigarettes and Targeting of Adolescents and Young Adults
Objectives. We examined whether tobacco manufacturers manipulate the menthol content of cigarettes in an effort to target adolescents and young adults. Methods. We analyzed data from tobacco industry documents describing menthol product development, results of laboratory testing of US menthol brands, market research reports, and the 2006 National Survey on Drug Use and Health. Results. The tobacco industry attracted new smokers by promoting cigar…
Coronary Heart Disease Deaths And Decreased Smoking Prevalence in Massachusetts, 1993–2003
We used the previously validated IMPACT coronary heart disease (CHD) mortality model to estimate the CHD deaths attributable to reductions in smoking prevalence following the introduction of the Massachusetts Tobacco Control Program (MTCP) in 1993. A 29% and 31% decline in smoking prevalence and CHD mortality rates occurred, respectively (from 1993 to 2003). A total of 425 fewer CHD deaths, which generated approximately 3365 extra life-years, wer…
The strategic targeting of females by transnational tobacco companies in South Korea following trade liberalisation
BACKGROUND: In 1988 South Korea opened its cigarette market to foreign companies under the threat of US trade sanctions. Despite strong social stigma against female smoking in South Korea, and restrictions on tobacco marketing to women and children, smoking rates among young Korean females increased from 1.6% in 1988 to 13% in 1998. Previous analyses describe how Asian countries have been targeted by transnational tobacco companies for new market…
Patterns of dual use of cigarettes and smokeless tobacco among US males
Although dual daily use of ST and cigarettes is relatively uncommon in the USA, concurrent ST use is more common among adolescent and young adult male smokers than among more mature tobacco users. Among adult males, daily smoking predominates and non-daily ST use is very strongly associated with current smoking. Adult male smokers who also use ST daily tend to have relatively high levels of serum cotinine and high prevalence of a major indicator …
Medicine (51 works) · Environmental health (41 works) · Smoking Behavior and Cessation (39 works) · Business (33 works) · Advertising (25 works) · Public health (23 works) · Tobacco industry (17 works) · Political science (15 works) · Population (15 works) · Nicotine (13 works)