James N Stanford
Dados Biográficos
| ID | 608664 |
|---|---|
| NOME | James N Stanford |
| PRENOMES | James N |
| SOBRENOME | Stanford |
| ASSINATURA | STANFORD J N |
| AFILIAÇÕES | Dartmouth College |
| VERIFICADO | Não |
| TOTAL DE OBRAS | 30 |
| TOTAL DE CITAÇÕES | 149 |
| TOTAL COMO AUTOR | 29 |
| TOTAL COMO EDITOR | 1 |
| PRIMEIRO ANO DE PUBLICAÇÃO | 2007 |
| ANO MAIS RECENTE DE PUBLICAÇÃO | 2026 |
| ÍNDICE H | 7 |
Are we surprised yet
The past year (2025) has marked the 10th anniversary of Asia-Pacific Language Variation (APLV), which started in 2015. This is a fitting time to examine how far we have come in the first ten years of APLV (2015–2024). In 2011, at the first NWAV Asia-Pacific conference, William Labov gave a plenary talk titled “Discovering the unexpected,” which was published in 2015 in the first issue of APLV . Labov discussed the ongoing expansion of variationis…
Introducing Bed Word
We present Bed Word, a tool leveraging industrial automatic speech recognition (ASR) to transcribe sociophonetic data. While we find lower accuracy for minoritized English varieties, the resulting vowel measurements are overall very close to those derived from human-corrected gold data, so fully automated transcription may be suitable for some research purposes. For purposes requiring greater accuracy, we present a pipeline for human post-editing…
Variationist sociolinguistic methods with Indigenous language communities
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Let’s Make Some Noise! Using Large-Scale Data Sources for North American Dialect Research
Research Article| December 01 2023 8. Let’s Make Some Noise! Using Large-Scale Data Sources for North American Dialect Research Jack Grieve; Jack Grieve jack grieve is a professor of corpus linguistics in the Department of English Language and Linguistics at the University of Birmingham and a Turing Fellow at the Alan Turing Institute in London. His research focuses on the analysis of language variation and change using large corpora of natural l…
Generational differences in the low tones of Black Lahu
We investigate apparent-time variation of the low falling (T21) and low level (T11) tones of the Black Lahu language of Yunnan, China. Linear mixed-effects modeling of spontaneous speech shows that both tones have a higher F0 trajectory among younger speakers and in certain phonetic environments. Since F0 is known to lower with increasing age, for comparison we also analyze variation in the high rising tone (T45) and find no evidence of generatio…
Structure, Chronology, and Local Social Meaning of a Supra-Local Vowel Shift
The Low-Back-Merger Shift (LBMS) is a major North American vowel chain shift spreading across many disparate dialect regions. In this field-based study, we examine the speech of fifty-nine White Western Massachusetts speakers, aged 18–89. Using diagnostics in Becker (2019) and Boberg (2019b), we find the LBMS emerging at the expense of the Northern Cities Shift (Labov, Yaeger, & Steiner, 1972) and traditional New England features (Boberg, 2001; K…
A Modern Update on New England Dialectology
Research Article| June 21 2020 A Modern Update on New England Dialectology: Introducing the Dartmouth New England English Database (DNEED) James N. Stanford James N. Stanford Dartmouth CollegeDartmouth College Search for other works by this author on: This Site Google American Speech 1–10. https://doi.org/10.1215/00031283-8662137 Cite Icon Cite Share Icon Share Twitter Permissions Search Site Citation James N. Stanford; A Modern Update on New Eng…
Environmental Change and Sustainability of Indigenous Languages in Northern Alaska
Relatively few people under the age of 60 are fluent speakers of the various Indigenous languages of Alaska. Concurrently, climate change is severely impacting Alaska and its residents, where environments are changing far more rapidly than the majority of the planet. These factors complicate the land-language nexus and may have implications for the sustainability of Indigenous languages in Alaska and other parts of the Arctic. In this collaborati…
Bring on the Crowd! Using Online Audio Crowd-Sourcing for Large-Scale New England Dialectology and Acoustic Sociophonetics
This study aims to (1) identify current geographic patterns of major New England dialect features relative to prior work in previous generations and (2) test the effectiveness of large-scale audio crowdsourcing by using Amazon Mechanical Turk to collect sociophonetic data. Using recordings from 626 speakers across the region, this is the largest acoustic sociophonetic study ever conducted in New England. Although face-to-face fieldwork will alway…
A long way from New York City
Labov's classic study, The Social Stratification of English in New York City (1966), paved the way for generations of researchers to examine sociolinguistic patterns in many different communities (Bell, Sharma, & Britain, 2016). This research paradigm has traditionally tended to focus on Western industrialized communities and large world languages and dialects, leaving many unanswered questions about lesser-studied indigenous minority communities…
A call for more diverse sources of data
Over the past 50 years, variationist sociolinguists have taken the influential ideas and pioneering methods of Labov ( ) to many locations around the world. But the majority of variationist research still focuses on English and other European languages, rather than lesser‐studied language communities. Like other subfields of linguistics, the variationist paradigm needs to continually explore new data from a range of languages. The present article…
The rez accent knows no borders
In many Native American and Canadian First Nations communities, indigenous languages are important for the linguistic construction of ethnic identity. But because many younger speakers have limited access to their heritage languages, English may have an even more important role in identity construction than Native languages do. Prior literature shows distinctive local English features in particular tribes. Our study builds on this knowledge but t…
Toward completely automated vowel extraction
Automatic Speech Recognition (ASR) is reaching further and further into everyday life with Apple’s Siri, Google voice search, automated telephone information systems, dictation devices, closed captioning, and other applications. Along with such advances in speech technology, sociolinguists have been considering new methods for alignment and vowel formant extraction, including techniques like the Penn Aligner (Yuan and Liberman 2008) and the FAVE …
Sui Adjective Modifiers
Sui is a Tai-Kadai language of southwest China with an elaborate system of adjective modifiers, including modifiers that rhyme with their base adjectives. The onsets of these rhyming modifiers show patterns which are not fully predictable, but they fall within a certain range of morphophonological possibilities
Multiple vectors of unidirectional dialect change in eastern New England
Traditional eastern New England (ENE) dialect features are rapidly receding in many parts of northern New England. Because this ENE shift involves seven different phonological features, it provides a prime opportunity to explore different rates of change across multiple linguistic variables at the same time in the same social setting. The present study is the first acoustic sociophonetic investigation of central New Hampshire, and it is based on …
Lexicalized poetry in Sui
A summary is not available for this content so a preview has been provided. Please use the Get access link above for information on how to access this content.
Revisiting transmission and diffusion
In this study, we present the first agent-based simulation of vowel chain shifts across large communities, providing a parsimonious reinterpretation of Labov's (2007) notions of transmission, diffusion, and incrementation. Labov determined that parent-to-child transmission faithfully reproduces structural patterns such as the Northern Cities Shift (NCS), but adult-to-adult diffusion does not. NCS is transmitted faithfully to new generations of U.…
The sociolinguistics of exogamy
Adult dialect acquisition is typically studied in relatively idiosyncratic situations where adults happen to move to another community. But how does dialect acquisition play out in indigenous minority societies that have systemic adult migration due to exogamy? Do the in-married spouses acquire the local variety? Why or why not? How much do they acquire? We investigated an indigenous Zhuang community in southern China. Sociophonetic analyses of i…
One size fits all? Dialectometry in a small clan-based indigenous society
In many societies, dialectometry has revealed strong correlations between geographic distances and dialect differences (e.g., Gooskens, 2005; Heeringa & Nerbonne, 2001; Nerbonne, 2009, 2010). But what happens when dialectometry is applied to a small, clan-based society such as the indigenous Sui people of rural southwest China? The Sui results show a strong correlation between dialect difference and geographic distance, thus supporting Nerbonne a…
Farewell to the Founders
Hans Kurath's 1939 Linguistic Atlas of New England reported a significant east-west dialect contrast along the Green Mountains of Vermont. In 1987, using data from 1960s fieldwork for the Dictionary of American Regional English, Craig Carver found the contrast remained intact a generation later. Such results reflect the enduring influence of eighteenth-century settlers, known as the Principle of First Effective Settlement or the “Founder Effect.”…
The influence of Mandarin Chinese on minority languages in rural southwest China
Language change is often traced to language contact, but the specific sociolinguistic processes are not fully understood. This article reports on our field research of contact between Chinese and two minority languages in rural southwest China: Sui and Qiang. The study shows how lexical tone, an underrepresented variable in sociolinguistics, can be valuable as an empirical measure of language contact and change. Furthermore, we find that it is th…
The Sustainability of Languages
The role of marriage in linguistic contact and variation
The role of marriage in linguistic contact and variation has been under‐represented in sociolinguistic research. In any practice‐based analysis, individual interactions and relationships are crucial. Therefore, marriage relationships – small but intense communities of practice – deserve variationist attention for their role in dialect construction and identity. This investigation of cross‐dialectal marriages explores how dialect practices and cho…
Gender, generations, and nations
Variation in Indigenous Minority Languages
Indigenous minority languages have played crucial roles in many areas of linguistics - phonetics, phonology, morphology, syntax, typology, and the ethnography of communication. Such languages have, however, received comparatively little attention from quantitative or variationist sociolinguistics. Without the diverse perspectives that underrepresented language communities can provide, our understanding of language variation and change will be inc…
A call for more diverse sources of data
Over the past 50 years, variationist sociolinguists have taken the influential ideas and pioneering methods of Labov ( ) to many locations around the world. But the majority of variationist research still focuses on English and other European languages, rather than lesser‐studied language communities. Like other subfields of linguistics, the variationist paradigm needs to continually explore new data from a range of languages. The present article…
Child dialect acquisition
Regardless of the variability and complexity in the linguistic environment around them, children begin constructing stable linguistic identities at a young age. Prior research has effectively modeled child dialect acquisition in terms of parent influence versus peer influence, and peer influence has often been shown to be the key determiner. The present study takes the next step by showing that the parent/peer group contrast in prior studies shou…
Eating the food of our place
Among the Sui people of rural southwestern China, descent-group loyalties are closely tied to linguistic features. In every village, long-term dialect contact occurs between local villagers and in-marrying women from different clans, yet most speakers maintain their original dialect features to a high degree. The present study conducts ethnographic interviews to more deeply understandwhysuch behavior occurs. Most current, practice-based models of…
A sociotonetic analysis of Sui dialect contact
Sui clan exogamy can serve as a laboratory for investigation of dialect contact and immigration. The Sui people, an indigenous minority of southwest China, have marriage customs requiring that a wife and husband have different clan origins, and the wife permanently immigrates to the husband's village at the time of marriage. Due to subtle interclan dialect variation, a married woman may have different dialect features than her husband and other l…
The rez accent knows no borders
In many Native American and Canadian First Nations communities, indigenous languages are important for the linguistic construction of ethnic identity. But because many younger speakers have limited access to their heritage languages, English may have an even more important role in identity construction than Native languages do. Prior literature shows distinctive local English features in particular tribes. Our study builds on this knowledge but t…
Farewell to the Founders
Hans Kurath's 1939 Linguistic Atlas of New England reported a significant east-west dialect contrast along the Green Mountains of Vermont. In 1987, using data from 1960s fieldwork for the Dictionary of American Regional English, Craig Carver found the contrast remained intact a generation later. Such results reflect the enduring influence of eighteenth-century settlers, known as the Principle of First Effective Settlement or the “Founder Effect.”…
The role of marriage in linguistic contact and variation
The role of marriage in linguistic contact and variation has been under‐represented in sociolinguistic research. In any practice‐based analysis, individual interactions and relationships are crucial. Therefore, marriage relationships – small but intense communities of practice – deserve variationist attention for their role in dialect construction and identity. This investigation of cross‐dialectal marriages explores how dialect practices and cho…
Bring on the Crowd! Using Online Audio Crowd-Sourcing for Large-Scale New England Dialectology and Acoustic Sociophonetics
This study aims to (1) identify current geographic patterns of major New England dialect features relative to prior work in previous generations and (2) test the effectiveness of large-scale audio crowdsourcing by using Amazon Mechanical Turk to collect sociophonetic data. Using recordings from 626 speakers across the region, this is the largest acoustic sociophonetic study ever conducted in New England. Although face-to-face fieldwork will alway…
Revisiting transmission and diffusion
In this study, we present the first agent-based simulation of vowel chain shifts across large communities, providing a parsimonious reinterpretation of Labov's (2007) notions of transmission, diffusion, and incrementation. Labov determined that parent-to-child transmission faithfully reproduces structural patterns such as the Northern Cities Shift (NCS), but adult-to-adult diffusion does not. NCS is transmitted faithfully to new generations of U.…
The sociolinguistics of exogamy
Adult dialect acquisition is typically studied in relatively idiosyncratic situations where adults happen to move to another community. But how does dialect acquisition play out in indigenous minority societies that have systemic adult migration due to exogamy? Do the in-married spouses acquire the local variety? Why or why not? How much do they acquire? We investigated an indigenous Zhuang community in southern China. Sociophonetic analyses of i…
One size fits all? Dialectometry in a small clan-based indigenous society
In many societies, dialectometry has revealed strong correlations between geographic distances and dialect differences (e.g., Gooskens, 2005; Heeringa & Nerbonne, 2001; Nerbonne, 2009, 2010). But what happens when dialectometry is applied to a small, clan-based society such as the indigenous Sui people of rural southwest China? The Sui results show a strong correlation between dialect difference and geographic distance, thus supporting Nerbonne a…
Structure, Chronology, and Local Social Meaning of a Supra-Local Vowel Shift
The Low-Back-Merger Shift (LBMS) is a major North American vowel chain shift spreading across many disparate dialect regions. In this field-based study, we examine the speech of fifty-nine White Western Massachusetts speakers, aged 18–89. Using diagnostics in Becker (2019) and Boberg (2019b), we find the LBMS emerging at the expense of the Northern Cities Shift (Labov, Yaeger, & Steiner, 1972) and traditional New England features (Boberg, 2001; K…
Multiple vectors of unidirectional dialect change in eastern New England
Traditional eastern New England (ENE) dialect features are rapidly receding in many parts of northern New England. Because this ENE shift involves seven different phonological features, it provides a prime opportunity to explore different rates of change across multiple linguistic variables at the same time in the same social setting. The present study is the first acoustic sociophonetic investigation of central New Hampshire, and it is based on …
Gender, generations, and nations
A Modern Update on New England Dialectology
Research Article| June 21 2020 A Modern Update on New England Dialectology: Introducing the Dartmouth New England English Database (DNEED) James N. Stanford James N. Stanford Dartmouth CollegeDartmouth College Search for other works by this author on: This Site Google American Speech 1–10. https://doi.org/10.1215/00031283-8662137 Cite Icon Cite Share Icon Share Twitter Permissions Search Site Citation James N. Stanford; A Modern Update on New Eng…
A long way from New York City
Labov's classic study, The Social Stratification of English in New York City (1966), paved the way for generations of researchers to examine sociolinguistic patterns in many different communities (Bell, Sharma, & Britain, 2016). This research paradigm has traditionally tended to focus on Western industrialized communities and large world languages and dialects, leaving many unanswered questions about lesser-studied indigenous minority communities…
The influence of Mandarin Chinese on minority languages in rural southwest China
Language change is often traced to language contact, but the specific sociolinguistic processes are not fully understood. This article reports on our field research of contact between Chinese and two minority languages in rural southwest China: Sui and Qiang. The study shows how lexical tone, an underrepresented variable in sociolinguistics, can be valuable as an empirical measure of language contact and change. Furthermore, we find that it is th…
Sui Adjective Reduplication as Poetic Morpho-Phonology
Lexicon and Description of Sui Adjective Intensifiers
Sui, an indigenous minority language of southwest China, has an elaborate system of adjective intensification. Adjectives are intensified with word-specific, bound morphemes that usually either rhyme with the base or alliterate with the base. Stanford (2007) notes morpho-phonological patterns that suggest reduplication, rhyme, alliteration, The Emergence of the Unmarked (McCarthy & Prince 1994, Yip 2001), identity avoidance, and “Copy But Don’t R…
A sociotonetic analysis of Sui dialect contact
Sui clan exogamy can serve as a laboratory for investigation of dialect contact and immigration. The Sui people, an indigenous minority of southwest China, have marriage customs requiring that a wife and husband have different clan origins, and the wife permanently immigrates to the husband's village at the time of marriage. Due to subtle interclan dialect variation, a married woman may have different dialect features than her husband and other l…
Child dialect acquisition
Regardless of the variability and complexity in the linguistic environment around them, children begin constructing stable linguistic identities at a young age. Prior research has effectively modeled child dialect acquisition in terms of parent influence versus peer influence, and peer influence has often been shown to be the key determiner. The present study takes the next step by showing that the parent/peer group contrast in prior studies shou…
Variation in Indigenous Minority Languages
Indigenous minority languages have played crucial roles in many areas of linguistics - phonetics, phonology, morphology, syntax, typology, and the ethnography of communication. Such languages have, however, received comparatively little attention from quantitative or variationist sociolinguistics. Without the diverse perspectives that underrepresented language communities can provide, our understanding of language variation and change will be inc…
Eating the food of our place
Among the Sui people of rural southwestern China, descent-group loyalties are closely tied to linguistic features. In every village, long-term dialect contact occurs between local villagers and in-marrying women from different clans, yet most speakers maintain their original dialect features to a high degree. The present study conducts ethnographic interviews to more deeply understandwhysuch behavior occurs. Most current, practice-based models of…
The Sustainability of Languages
The role of marriage in linguistic contact and variation
The role of marriage in linguistic contact and variation has been under‐represented in sociolinguistic research. In any practice‐based analysis, individual interactions and relationships are crucial. Therefore, marriage relationships – small but intense communities of practice – deserve variationist attention for their role in dialect construction and identity. This investigation of cross‐dialectal marriages explores how dialect practices and cho…
Gender, generations, and nations
One size fits all? Dialectometry in a small clan-based indigenous society
In many societies, dialectometry has revealed strong correlations between geographic distances and dialect differences (e.g., Gooskens, 2005; Heeringa & Nerbonne, 2001; Nerbonne, 2009, 2010). But what happens when dialectometry is applied to a small, clan-based society such as the indigenous Sui people of rural southwest China? The Sui results show a strong correlation between dialect difference and geographic distance, thus supporting Nerbonne a…
Farewell to the Founders
Hans Kurath's 1939 Linguistic Atlas of New England reported a significant east-west dialect contrast along the Green Mountains of Vermont. In 1987, using data from 1960s fieldwork for the Dictionary of American Regional English, Craig Carver found the contrast remained intact a generation later. Such results reflect the enduring influence of eighteenth-century settlers, known as the Principle of First Effective Settlement or the “Founder Effect.”…
The influence of Mandarin Chinese on minority languages in rural southwest China
Language change is often traced to language contact, but the specific sociolinguistic processes are not fully understood. This article reports on our field research of contact between Chinese and two minority languages in rural southwest China: Sui and Qiang. The study shows how lexical tone, an underrepresented variable in sociolinguistics, can be valuable as an empirical measure of language contact and change. Furthermore, we find that it is th…
Lexicalized poetry in Sui
A summary is not available for this content so a preview has been provided. Please use the Get access link above for information on how to access this content.
Revisiting transmission and diffusion
In this study, we present the first agent-based simulation of vowel chain shifts across large communities, providing a parsimonious reinterpretation of Labov's (2007) notions of transmission, diffusion, and incrementation. Labov determined that parent-to-child transmission faithfully reproduces structural patterns such as the Northern Cities Shift (NCS), but adult-to-adult diffusion does not. NCS is transmitted faithfully to new generations of U.…
The sociolinguistics of exogamy
Adult dialect acquisition is typically studied in relatively idiosyncratic situations where adults happen to move to another community. But how does dialect acquisition play out in indigenous minority societies that have systemic adult migration due to exogamy? Do the in-married spouses acquire the local variety? Why or why not? How much do they acquire? We investigated an indigenous Zhuang community in southern China. Sociophonetic analyses of i…
Sui Adjective Modifiers
Sui is a Tai-Kadai language of southwest China with an elaborate system of adjective modifiers, including modifiers that rhyme with their base adjectives. The onsets of these rhyming modifiers show patterns which are not fully predictable, but they fall within a certain range of morphophonological possibilities
Multiple vectors of unidirectional dialect change in eastern New England
Traditional eastern New England (ENE) dialect features are rapidly receding in many parts of northern New England. Because this ENE shift involves seven different phonological features, it provides a prime opportunity to explore different rates of change across multiple linguistic variables at the same time in the same social setting. The present study is the first acoustic sociophonetic investigation of central New Hampshire, and it is based on …
Toward completely automated vowel extraction
Automatic Speech Recognition (ASR) is reaching further and further into everyday life with Apple’s Siri, Google voice search, automated telephone information systems, dictation devices, closed captioning, and other applications. Along with such advances in speech technology, sociolinguists have been considering new methods for alignment and vowel formant extraction, including techniques like the Penn Aligner (Yuan and Liberman 2008) and the FAVE …
A call for more diverse sources of data
Over the past 50 years, variationist sociolinguists have taken the influential ideas and pioneering methods of Labov ( ) to many locations around the world. But the majority of variationist research still focuses on English and other European languages, rather than lesser‐studied language communities. Like other subfields of linguistics, the variationist paradigm needs to continually explore new data from a range of languages. The present article…
The rez accent knows no borders
In many Native American and Canadian First Nations communities, indigenous languages are important for the linguistic construction of ethnic identity. But because many younger speakers have limited access to their heritage languages, English may have an even more important role in identity construction than Native languages do. Prior literature shows distinctive local English features in particular tribes. Our study builds on this knowledge but t…
A long way from New York City
Labov's classic study, The Social Stratification of English in New York City (1966), paved the way for generations of researchers to examine sociolinguistic patterns in many different communities (Bell, Sharma, & Britain, 2016). This research paradigm has traditionally tended to focus on Western industrialized communities and large world languages and dialects, leaving many unanswered questions about lesser-studied indigenous minority communities…
Environmental Change and Sustainability of Indigenous Languages in Northern Alaska
Relatively few people under the age of 60 are fluent speakers of the various Indigenous languages of Alaska. Concurrently, climate change is severely impacting Alaska and its residents, where environments are changing far more rapidly than the majority of the planet. These factors complicate the land-language nexus and may have implications for the sustainability of Indigenous languages in Alaska and other parts of the Arctic. In this collaborati…
Bring on the Crowd! Using Online Audio Crowd-Sourcing for Large-Scale New England Dialectology and Acoustic Sociophonetics
This study aims to (1) identify current geographic patterns of major New England dialect features relative to prior work in previous generations and (2) test the effectiveness of large-scale audio crowdsourcing by using Amazon Mechanical Turk to collect sociophonetic data. Using recordings from 626 speakers across the region, this is the largest acoustic sociophonetic study ever conducted in New England. Although face-to-face fieldwork will alway…
A Modern Update on New England Dialectology
Research Article| June 21 2020 A Modern Update on New England Dialectology: Introducing the Dartmouth New England English Database (DNEED) James N. Stanford James N. Stanford Dartmouth CollegeDartmouth College Search for other works by this author on: This Site Google American Speech 1–10. https://doi.org/10.1215/00031283-8662137 Cite Icon Cite Share Icon Share Twitter Permissions Search Site Citation James N. Stanford; A Modern Update on New Eng…
Structure, Chronology, and Local Social Meaning of a Supra-Local Vowel Shift
The Low-Back-Merger Shift (LBMS) is a major North American vowel chain shift spreading across many disparate dialect regions. In this field-based study, we examine the speech of fifty-nine White Western Massachusetts speakers, aged 18–89. Using diagnostics in Becker (2019) and Boberg (2019b), we find the LBMS emerging at the expense of the Northern Cities Shift (Labov, Yaeger, & Steiner, 1972) and traditional New England features (Boberg, 2001; K…
Linguistic Variation and Morphology (24 obras) · Linguistics (23 obras) · Multilingual Education and Policy (16 obras) · Phonetics and Phonology Research (15 obras) · Sociology (14 obras) · Geography (13 obras) · Psychology (13 obras) · Computer Science (11 obras) · History (11 obras) · Philosophy (11 obras)