Paul F Brain
Biographic Data
| ID | 6109068 |
|---|---|
| NAME | Paul F Brain |
| GIVEN NAMES | Paul F |
| FAMILY NAME | Brain |
| SIGNATURE | BRAIN P F |
| AFFILIATIONS | Swansea University |
| VERIFIED | No |
| TOTAL WORKS | 31 |
| TOTAL CITATIONS | 7 |
| WORKS AS AUTHOR | 31 |
| WORKS AS EDITOR | 0 |
| FIRST PUBLICATION YEAR | 1974 |
| LATEST PUBLICATION YEAR | 2009 |
| H-INDEX | 2 |
Personality traits and endocrine response as possible asymmetry factors of agonistic outcome in karate athletes
Individual variations of plasma levels of hormones testosterone (T) and cortisol (C), before (pre) and after (post) Kumite (real fight) and Kata (ritualized fight) were measured in male karate athletes and analyzed in relation with the agonistic outcome (i.e. winning or losing the fight) and personality trait measures. T and C increased only during Kumite contest and pre‐ and post‐competition C levels were higher in losers than winners. Losers sh…
In judo,Randori (free fight) andKata (highly ritualized fight) differentially change plasma cortisol, testosterone, and interleukin levels in male participants
Two forms of competitive encounters namely Randori (free fight) and Kata (highly ritualized fight) were studied in 22 professional male judo fighters. The dyadic, symmetrical (in terms of body weight and fighting ability) encounters were videotaped to assess relationships between agonistic behavior and individual variations in plasma levels of testosterone (T), cortisol (C) and interleukins (IL-6 and IL-1β) measured before and after the competiti…
Agonistic behaviour and bite wound patterns in wild water voles ( Arvicola terrestris L.)
Intra‐specific aggression was investigated in a wild colony of Water voles between 1999 and 2004 in South Wales, UK. The occurrence and location (i.e. on the head, neck, body or tail) of bite wounds were recorded for adult and juvenile male and female voles. The greatest (33%) incidence of bite wounds were recorded on juvenile females and the lowest (18%) in adult females. Seasonal analysis of wound data in adults revealed that females were more …
Effects of viewing videos of bullfights on Spanish children
Some of the psychological effects of viewing bullfights on children 8–12 years old are described. Two hundred and forty subjects (120 girls and 120 boys) aged between eight and twelve from a variety of socioeconomic backgrounds were selected from three public or private elementary / secondary schools in Madrid, Spain. The first study used a questionnaire to examine the children's attitudes towards bullfighting by looking at their acceptance and c…
Effects of acute administration of nicotine and lobeline on agonistic encounters in male mice
The effects of acute administration of two nicotinic ligands, (-)-nicotine and (-)-lobeline were examined on isolation-induced aggression in mice. Individually housed male mice confronted anosmic “standard opponents” in a neutral arena 10 min after drug administration. Encounters were videotaped and evaluated using an ethologically based analysis facilitating estimation of time allocated to 11 broad behavioral categories. Nicotine did not have si…
Bullying in schools
Bullying is described as aggressive behavior normally characterized by repetition and imbalance of power. It may be considered as a normative in many group settings, but socially unacceptable within the ethos of a democratic society. The history of research and intervention on bullying in schools during the past two decades is summarized. School bullying emerges as an international issue, and we have increasing knowledge of its nature and effects…
An evaluation of the use of defeat-induced loss of status in the rat as a model of loss of self-esteem and depression in humans
Social defeat by Tryon Maze Dull rats, resulting in loss of rank of a previously dominant rat, has recently been advanced as a model of loss of self-esteem and depression in humans. However, before loss of rank in animals can be assessed as a model of human depression, certain requirements must be fulfilled: (1) a situation must be developed in which rank can be determined, and this assessment must, under normal circumstances, remain stable if it…
An evaluation of the use of defeat‐induced loss of status in the rat as a model of loss of self‐esteem and depression in humans
Social defeat by Tryon Maze Dull rats, resulting in loss of rank of a previously dominant rat, has recently been advanced as a model of loss of self-esteem and depression in humans. However, before loss of rank in animals can be assessed as a model of human depression, certain requirements must be fulfilled: (1) a situation must be developed in which rank can be determined, and this assessment must, under normal circumstances, remain stable if it…
Infanticide and Parental Care
Infanticide and Parental Care
Biological Correlates of Attack on Lactating Intruders by Female Mice
The Aggressive Female Rodent
Variation in aggressive behavior and anatomo-physiological correlates generated by crowding without physical contact in the house mouse
Behavioral, physiological (i.e., endocrine), and anatomical consequences of crowding in mice were studied in a situation where animals were in auditory, visual, olfactory, and tactile contact but restrained from full physical interactions, to prevent overt aggression. Males that cohabited with females undisturbed by neighboring conspecifics showed greater propensity to attack same-sex intruders and had higher plasma testosterone levels than did t…
Preference for the sites of fighting in two teleost species
Males of two species of freshwater fish (convict cichlids and Italian freshwater gobies) fought with conspecifics and subsequently remained near the visual and spatial cues that had been paired with those social encounters. These data show that postfight preference for combat sites is a phenomenon of some generality among teleosts. The likely role of learning in establishing postfight preferences for the locales of aggression is discussed.
Effects of gonadectomy on attack by swiss albino mice in two diverse situations
The utilities of aggression in the viper, vipera berus berus (L.)
Effects of marking with preputial gland material on the attack directed towards long-term castrates by isolated males
Studies on the effect of social stress on measures of disease resistance in laboratory mice
Attack directed by groups of male mice towards lactating intruders
Gonadal steroids and aggressive behaviour in male and female rats
A reevaluation of the effects of differential housing on physiology and behaviour in male and female mice
Effects of sensory communication on development of “isolation-induced” aggression in laboratory mice
Assessing the unitary nature of “aggression” by using strains of laboratory mice
The use of animals in aggression research
Factors Influencing Maternal Attack on Conspecific Intruders by Lactating Female “To” Strain Mice
Factors regulating maternal attack in “TO” strain mice were investigated to determine 1) optimal conditions for inducing this behaviour and 2) the likely utility of this activity. Lactating females were more likely to attack male intruders than female intruders. The mate's presence reduced maternal attack in this strain, or (putting it conversely) aggression was generated in the male's absence. Removal of the mothers from their litters for four t…
In judo,Randori (free fight) andKata (highly ritualized fight) differentially change plasma cortisol, testosterone, and interleukin levels in male participants
Two forms of competitive encounters namely Randori (free fight) and Kata (highly ritualized fight) were studied in 22 professional male judo fighters. The dyadic, symmetrical (in terms of body weight and fighting ability) encounters were videotaped to assess relationships between agonistic behavior and individual variations in plasma levels of testosterone (T), cortisol (C) and interleukins (IL-6 and IL-1β) measured before and after the competiti…
Personality traits and endocrine response as possible asymmetry factors of agonistic outcome in karate athletes
Individual variations of plasma levels of hormones testosterone (T) and cortisol (C), before (pre) and after (post) Kumite (real fight) and Kata (ritualized fight) were measured in male karate athletes and analyzed in relation with the agonistic outcome (i.e. winning or losing the fight) and personality trait measures. T and C increased only during Kumite contest and pre‐ and post‐competition C levels were higher in losers than winners. Losers sh…
Agonistic behaviour and bite wound patterns in wild water voles ( Arvicola terrestris L.)
Intra‐specific aggression was investigated in a wild colony of Water voles between 1999 and 2004 in South Wales, UK. The occurrence and location (i.e. on the head, neck, body or tail) of bite wounds were recorded for adult and juvenile male and female voles. The greatest (33%) incidence of bite wounds were recorded on juvenile females and the lowest (18%) in adult females. Seasonal analysis of wound data in adults revealed that females were more …
Effects of viewing videos of bullfights on Spanish children
Some of the psychological effects of viewing bullfights on children 8–12 years old are described. Two hundred and forty subjects (120 girls and 120 boys) aged between eight and twelve from a variety of socioeconomic backgrounds were selected from three public or private elementary / secondary schools in Madrid, Spain. The first study used a questionnaire to examine the children's attitudes towards bullfighting by looking at their acceptance and c…
The role of endocrines in isolation-induced intermale fighting in albino laboratory mice. I
Recent experiments concerning the possible role of components of the pituitary–adrenocortical axis (ACTH and glucocorticoids) in isolation-induced intermale fighting behavior in laboratory strains of mice are reviewed. A series of experiments which investigate factors that may influence the successful demonstration of this relationship are described. Differences in performances in standard-opponent tests of some outbred strains of albino mice are…
Effects of Neonatal Cyproterone Acetate Administration on Isolation-Induced Fighting Behavior and Mounting Behavior in Male and Female to Strain Albino Mice
The effects of a single dose (1 mg) of cyproterone acetate administered on either day 1 or day 20 of life on the adult behaviors of male and female TO strain albino mice were studied. The mice were tested both in a “standard opponent”-type situation and in a similar test using a hormonally primed receptive female, after being gonadectomized and maintained with testosterone propionate as adults. Neonatal treatment with this compound had little eff…
Report on national conference on crime and violence in modern society
Effects of Age at Differential Housing and the Duration of Individual Housing/Grouping on Lntermale Fighting Behavior and Adrenocortical Activity in to Strain Mice
A study of the effects of the duration of individual and group housing on intermale fighting and adrenocortical activity was conducted in TO strain mice. It was found that fighting and threat increased with progressive isolation up to an asymptote at 56–58 days. ‘Basal’ adrenocortical function differed little under the 2 housing conditions, but after ‘stress,’ mice isolated for short periods, which had not fought when tested for aggression, had l…
The role of endocrines in isolation-induced lntermale fighting in albino laboratory mice. II. Sex steroid influences in aggressive mice
Isolation-induced intermale fighting in laboratory mice can be dramatically reduced under most circumstances by castration. This behavior in castrates may, however, be restored, or even accentuated, by androgen replacement. Experiments on the effects of sex steroids on such fighting in castrated mice, which, for want of a better term, are designated as “aggressive,” have been recently described. These mice are housed with a female until 10 days a…
Comparison of agonistic behavior in individually-housed male mice with those cohabiting with females
Videotape recordings of male mice group-housed, individually-housed and cohabiting with females, were rated for their agonistic behavior in a “standard opponent” test. Previously mated male mice showed more fighting than isolated or grouped males. Marked differences in other social and non-social behaviors, which could not be accounted for in terms of increased fighting, were not evident. These results suggest that agonistic behavior may be usefu…
Factors Influencing Maternal Attack on Conspecific Intruders by Lactating Female “To” Strain Mice
Factors regulating maternal attack in “TO” strain mice were investigated to determine 1) optimal conditions for inducing this behaviour and 2) the likely utility of this activity. Lactating females were more likely to attack male intruders than female intruders. The mate's presence reduced maternal attack in this strain, or (putting it conversely) aggression was generated in the male's absence. Removal of the mothers from their litters for four t…
The use of animals in aggression research
Effects of gonadectomy on attack by swiss albino mice in two diverse situations
The utilities of aggression in the viper, vipera berus berus (L.)
Effects of marking with preputial gland material on the attack directed towards long-term castrates by isolated males
Studies on the effect of social stress on measures of disease resistance in laboratory mice
Attack directed by groups of male mice towards lactating intruders
Gonadal steroids and aggressive behaviour in male and female rats
A reevaluation of the effects of differential housing on physiology and behaviour in male and female mice
Effects of sensory communication on development of “isolation-induced” aggression in laboratory mice
Assessing the unitary nature of “aggression” by using strains of laboratory mice
Preference for the sites of fighting in two teleost species
Males of two species of freshwater fish (convict cichlids and Italian freshwater gobies) fought with conspecifics and subsequently remained near the visual and spatial cues that had been paired with those social encounters. These data show that postfight preference for combat sites is a phenomenon of some generality among teleosts. The likely role of learning in establishing postfight preferences for the locales of aggression is discussed.
Variation in aggressive behavior and anatomo-physiological correlates generated by crowding without physical contact in the house mouse
Behavioral, physiological (i.e., endocrine), and anatomical consequences of crowding in mice were studied in a situation where animals were in auditory, visual, olfactory, and tactile contact but restrained from full physical interactions, to prevent overt aggression. Males that cohabited with females undisturbed by neighboring conspecifics showed greater propensity to attack same-sex intruders and had higher plasma testosterone levels than did t…
Biological Correlates of Attack on Lactating Intruders by Female Mice
The Aggressive Female Rodent
Infanticide and Parental Care
Infanticide and Parental Care
An evaluation of the use of defeat-induced loss of status in the rat as a model of loss of self-esteem and depression in humans
Social defeat by Tryon Maze Dull rats, resulting in loss of rank of a previously dominant rat, has recently been advanced as a model of loss of self-esteem and depression in humans. However, before loss of rank in animals can be assessed as a model of human depression, certain requirements must be fulfilled: (1) a situation must be developed in which rank can be determined, and this assessment must, under normal circumstances, remain stable if it…
An evaluation of the use of defeat‐induced loss of status in the rat as a model of loss of self‐esteem and depression in humans
Social defeat by Tryon Maze Dull rats, resulting in loss of rank of a previously dominant rat, has recently been advanced as a model of loss of self-esteem and depression in humans. However, before loss of rank in animals can be assessed as a model of human depression, certain requirements must be fulfilled: (1) a situation must be developed in which rank can be determined, and this assessment must, under normal circumstances, remain stable if it…
Psychology (26 works) · Neuroendocrine regulation and behavior (19 works) · Medicine (18 works) · Aggression (16 works) · Biology (12 works) · Developmental psychology (12 works) · Computer Science (11 works) · Library science (11 works) · Stress Responses and Cortisol (11 works) · Citation (9 works)