Alan Graefe
Biographic Data
| ID | 6187477 |
|---|---|
| NAME | Alan Graefe |
| GIVEN NAMES | Alan |
| FAMILY NAME | Graefe |
| SIGNATURE | GRAEFE A |
| AFFILIATIONS | Pennsylvania State University |
| VERIFIED | No |
| TOTAL WORKS | 16 |
| TOTAL CITATIONS | 242 |
| WORKS AS AUTHOR | 16 |
| WORKS AS EDITOR | 0 |
| FIRST PUBLICATION YEAR | 1991 |
| LATEST PUBLICATION YEAR | 2023 |
| H-INDEX | 7 |
An exploratory study on Chinese tourists’ visitation to a U.S. National Park
This study adopts semi-structured interviews in Grand Teton National Park (GRTE) in the United States and aims to understand Chinese tourists’ decision-making processes and experiences. The results reveal that geographic distances, China's unique technical infrastructure and policies influence Chinese tourists’ information sources and reasons for visiting GRTE. Their information sources are unique, and their decisions for visiting GRTE are ad-hoc…
Values, Ideologies, Attitudes, and Preferences for Relative Allocations to Park and Recreation Services
Local park and recreation agencies rely heavily on tax-based allocations as a funding source. However, such allocations have recently been cut both overall and relative to other services, incentivizing exploration of alternative funding strategies. Privatization practices represent a potentially efficacious but controversial alternative funding approach. This study examines the relationship between attitudes toward privatization, and preferences …
A comprehensive method for evaluating the impacts of race events on protected lands
Human actions in protected areas impact both the human and natural side of coupled human and natural systems. While this is broadly accepted, research projects that measure both social and ecological impacts of activities are rare. This study used an integrated approach to understand the social, ecological, and economic impacts of small-scale race events on two state forests in Pennsylvania. Trail conditions were assessed before and after each ev…
The role of values, ideologies, and attitudes in shaping public support for privatization in local park and recreation services
As tax-based funding for local public park and recreation services becomes increasingly scarce, alternative funding strategies such as privatization have become progressively more relevant. Although a promising alternative funding mechanism, privatization is simultaneously a potentially contentious issue. As such, understanding the factors that drive acceptance of or opposition to such practices is of interest to practitioners and researchers. Th…
An Identity-Based Conceptualization of Recreation Specialization
In this research, identity theory was adapted to reassess a conceptualization of recreation specialization. Past work has conceptualized the construct principally in terms of a combination of three components: conative (behavior, skill, centrality), cognitive (identity) and affect (attraction). Based on the tenets of identity theory, it was hypothesized that the identity-related facet influences other conative and affective specialization facets.…
Recreation Participation and Conservation Attitudes
This study reports a comparison of demographics, outdoor recreation activity patterns, and attitudes toward conservation issues collected via mail and online survey methods within a mixed-mode survey. Pennsylvania residents, randomly sampled by Survey Sampling, Inc., were invited in a pre-survey letter to complete the survey online, or through a paper survey mailed to their homes. Differences in outdoor recreation participation were generally sma…
Nature-Based Senior Travellers
As the baby boomer cohort who his the highest level of education than any previous generation enters, the rank of senior citizens, growing numbers of senior visitors in nature-based tourist destinations are anticipated. Previous research suggests that demographic variables such as education level are key predictors of participation in natureoriented recreation activities. Understanding demographic dynamics and the growth of the senior market for …
Segmenting Anglers Using Their Consumptive Orientation Profiles
We examined the practical utility of segmenting visitors to a popular southeastern angling destination using their consumptive orientation profiles. Our analysis identified four segments that varied in terms of their consumptive orientation: Lots ‘o Fish who were most concerned about catching many fish; Bigguns who expressed the strongest preference for catching big fish; Nothin’ who indicated that catching no fish was okay; and Keepers who expre…
Testing the Dimensionality of Place Attachment in Recreational Settings
The purpose of this investigation was to examine the psychometric properties of a place-attachment scale using data collected from visitors to the Appalachian Trail in the United States. These data supported a correlated three-factor model consisting of place identity, place dependence, and social bonding. Multigroup confirmatory factor analysis was used to cross-validate the model using two sub-samples of the data. Latent factor means were also …
Gender and Ethnic Variations in Urban Park Preferences, Visitation, and Perceived Benefits
This paper examined how gender and ethnicity are related to preferences for various park characteristics, visitation to urban parks and open spaces, and perception of park benefits as reported by participants in a mail survey of residents in two metropolitan areas in the eastern United States. In total, 1570 questionnaires were completed, but 65 cases were deleted because they failed to identify their ethnicity or gender. The overall response rat…
Effects of place attachment on users’ perceptions of social and environmental conditions in a natural setting
An Examination of Recreationists' Relationships with Activities and Settings
The place attachment construct has demonstrated utility for explaining a variety of leisure behavior in outdoor recreation contexts. Preliminary evidence suggests that recreationists' involvement with leisure activities is an antecedent to their attachment to specific settings. Multidimensional measures of these constructs, however, indicate that linear interpretations of their relations may be misleading. Given that both involvement and place at…
Predictors of Behavioral Loyalty Among Hikers Along the Appalachian Trail
In recent years, conceptual and empirical papers have begun to appear in the leisure literature examining the processes leading to the formation of recreationist loyalty. While this work is still in its infancy, current understanding suggests that leisure involvement plays a formative role in the development of social psychological commitment, which in turn, is an antecedent to loyalty to a brand or organization. In the context of natural resourc…
Effect of Activity Involvement and Place Attachment on Recreationists' Perceptions of Setting Density
Research examining recreationists' perceptions of setting density in outdoor recreation contexts has illustrated the influence of a number of factors. In this investigation we examined the effect of activity involvement and place attachment on hikers' perceptions of setting density using frameworks offered by social judgment and cognitive development theories. We hypothesized that respondents' perceptions of setting density would involve cognitiv…
An Examination of the Relationship between Leisure Activity Involvement and Place Attachment among Hikers Along the Appalachian Trail
The place attachment construct has been used by leisure researchers and practitioners to refine our understanding of certain leisure behaviors for over two decades. Despite the construct's importance to natural resource-based leisure, little empirical work has appeared in the leisure literature examining the construct's antecedent processes; that is, the processes that lead to recreationists'; attachment to settings. This study examined one antec…
Repeat tourism, play, and monetary spending
An Examination of the Relationship between Leisure Activity Involvement and Place Attachment among Hikers Along the Appalachian Trail
The place attachment construct has been used by leisure researchers and practitioners to refine our understanding of certain leisure behaviors for over two decades. Despite the construct's importance to natural resource-based leisure, little empirical work has appeared in the leisure literature examining the construct's antecedent processes; that is, the processes that lead to recreationists'; attachment to settings. This study examined one antec…
Effect of Activity Involvement and Place Attachment on Recreationists' Perceptions of Setting Density
Research examining recreationists' perceptions of setting density in outdoor recreation contexts has illustrated the influence of a number of factors. In this investigation we examined the effect of activity involvement and place attachment on hikers' perceptions of setting density using frameworks offered by social judgment and cognitive development theories. We hypothesized that respondents' perceptions of setting density would involve cognitiv…
Gender and Ethnic Variations in Urban Park Preferences, Visitation, and Perceived Benefits
This paper examined how gender and ethnicity are related to preferences for various park characteristics, visitation to urban parks and open spaces, and perception of park benefits as reported by participants in a mail survey of residents in two metropolitan areas in the eastern United States. In total, 1570 questionnaires were completed, but 65 cases were deleted because they failed to identify their ethnicity or gender. The overall response rat…
An Examination of Recreationists' Relationships with Activities and Settings
The place attachment construct has demonstrated utility for explaining a variety of leisure behavior in outdoor recreation contexts. Preliminary evidence suggests that recreationists' involvement with leisure activities is an antecedent to their attachment to specific settings. Multidimensional measures of these constructs, however, indicate that linear interpretations of their relations may be misleading. Given that both involvement and place at…
Predictors of Behavioral Loyalty Among Hikers Along the Appalachian Trail
In recent years, conceptual and empirical papers have begun to appear in the leisure literature examining the processes leading to the formation of recreationist loyalty. While this work is still in its infancy, current understanding suggests that leisure involvement plays a formative role in the development of social psychological commitment, which in turn, is an antecedent to loyalty to a brand or organization. In the context of natural resourc…
An Identity-Based Conceptualization of Recreation Specialization
In this research, identity theory was adapted to reassess a conceptualization of recreation specialization. Past work has conceptualized the construct principally in terms of a combination of three components: conative (behavior, skill, centrality), cognitive (identity) and affect (attraction). Based on the tenets of identity theory, it was hypothesized that the identity-related facet influences other conative and affective specialization facets.…
Repeat tourism, play, and monetary spending
Values, Ideologies, Attitudes, and Preferences for Relative Allocations to Park and Recreation Services
Local park and recreation agencies rely heavily on tax-based allocations as a funding source. However, such allocations have recently been cut both overall and relative to other services, incentivizing exploration of alternative funding strategies. Privatization practices represent a potentially efficacious but controversial alternative funding approach. This study examines the relationship between attitudes toward privatization, and preferences …
The role of values, ideologies, and attitudes in shaping public support for privatization in local park and recreation services
As tax-based funding for local public park and recreation services becomes increasingly scarce, alternative funding strategies such as privatization have become progressively more relevant. Although a promising alternative funding mechanism, privatization is simultaneously a potentially contentious issue. As such, understanding the factors that drive acceptance of or opposition to such practices is of interest to practitioners and researchers. Th…
A comprehensive method for evaluating the impacts of race events on protected lands
Human actions in protected areas impact both the human and natural side of coupled human and natural systems. While this is broadly accepted, research projects that measure both social and ecological impacts of activities are rare. This study used an integrated approach to understand the social, ecological, and economic impacts of small-scale race events on two state forests in Pennsylvania. Trail conditions were assessed before and after each ev…
Repeat tourism, play, and monetary spending
An Examination of the Relationship between Leisure Activity Involvement and Place Attachment among Hikers Along the Appalachian Trail
The place attachment construct has been used by leisure researchers and practitioners to refine our understanding of certain leisure behaviors for over two decades. Despite the construct's importance to natural resource-based leisure, little empirical work has appeared in the leisure literature examining the construct's antecedent processes; that is, the processes that lead to recreationists'; attachment to settings. This study examined one antec…
Effects of place attachment on users’ perceptions of social and environmental conditions in a natural setting
An Examination of Recreationists' Relationships with Activities and Settings
The place attachment construct has demonstrated utility for explaining a variety of leisure behavior in outdoor recreation contexts. Preliminary evidence suggests that recreationists' involvement with leisure activities is an antecedent to their attachment to specific settings. Multidimensional measures of these constructs, however, indicate that linear interpretations of their relations may be misleading. Given that both involvement and place at…
Predictors of Behavioral Loyalty Among Hikers Along the Appalachian Trail
In recent years, conceptual and empirical papers have begun to appear in the leisure literature examining the processes leading to the formation of recreationist loyalty. While this work is still in its infancy, current understanding suggests that leisure involvement plays a formative role in the development of social psychological commitment, which in turn, is an antecedent to loyalty to a brand or organization. In the context of natural resourc…
Effect of Activity Involvement and Place Attachment on Recreationists' Perceptions of Setting Density
Research examining recreationists' perceptions of setting density in outdoor recreation contexts has illustrated the influence of a number of factors. In this investigation we examined the effect of activity involvement and place attachment on hikers' perceptions of setting density using frameworks offered by social judgment and cognitive development theories. We hypothesized that respondents' perceptions of setting density would involve cognitiv…
Testing the Dimensionality of Place Attachment in Recreational Settings
The purpose of this investigation was to examine the psychometric properties of a place-attachment scale using data collected from visitors to the Appalachian Trail in the United States. These data supported a correlated three-factor model consisting of place identity, place dependence, and social bonding. Multigroup confirmatory factor analysis was used to cross-validate the model using two sub-samples of the data. Latent factor means were also …
Gender and Ethnic Variations in Urban Park Preferences, Visitation, and Perceived Benefits
This paper examined how gender and ethnicity are related to preferences for various park characteristics, visitation to urban parks and open spaces, and perception of park benefits as reported by participants in a mail survey of residents in two metropolitan areas in the eastern United States. In total, 1570 questionnaires were completed, but 65 cases were deleted because they failed to identify their ethnicity or gender. The overall response rat…
Segmenting Anglers Using Their Consumptive Orientation Profiles
We examined the practical utility of segmenting visitors to a popular southeastern angling destination using their consumptive orientation profiles. Our analysis identified four segments that varied in terms of their consumptive orientation: Lots ‘o Fish who were most concerned about catching many fish; Bigguns who expressed the strongest preference for catching big fish; Nothin’ who indicated that catching no fish was okay; and Keepers who expre…
Nature-Based Senior Travellers
As the baby boomer cohort who his the highest level of education than any previous generation enters, the rank of senior citizens, growing numbers of senior visitors in nature-based tourist destinations are anticipated. Previous research suggests that demographic variables such as education level are key predictors of participation in natureoriented recreation activities. Understanding demographic dynamics and the growth of the senior market for …
Recreation Participation and Conservation Attitudes
This study reports a comparison of demographics, outdoor recreation activity patterns, and attitudes toward conservation issues collected via mail and online survey methods within a mixed-mode survey. Pennsylvania residents, randomly sampled by Survey Sampling, Inc., were invited in a pre-survey letter to complete the survey online, or through a paper survey mailed to their homes. Differences in outdoor recreation participation were generally sma…
An Identity-Based Conceptualization of Recreation Specialization
In this research, identity theory was adapted to reassess a conceptualization of recreation specialization. Past work has conceptualized the construct principally in terms of a combination of three components: conative (behavior, skill, centrality), cognitive (identity) and affect (attraction). Based on the tenets of identity theory, it was hypothesized that the identity-related facet influences other conative and affective specialization facets.…
A comprehensive method for evaluating the impacts of race events on protected lands
Human actions in protected areas impact both the human and natural side of coupled human and natural systems. While this is broadly accepted, research projects that measure both social and ecological impacts of activities are rare. This study used an integrated approach to understand the social, ecological, and economic impacts of small-scale race events on two state forests in Pennsylvania. Trail conditions were assessed before and after each ev…
The role of values, ideologies, and attitudes in shaping public support for privatization in local park and recreation services
As tax-based funding for local public park and recreation services becomes increasingly scarce, alternative funding strategies such as privatization have become progressively more relevant. Although a promising alternative funding mechanism, privatization is simultaneously a potentially contentious issue. As such, understanding the factors that drive acceptance of or opposition to such practices is of interest to practitioners and researchers. Th…
Values, Ideologies, Attitudes, and Preferences for Relative Allocations to Park and Recreation Services
Local park and recreation agencies rely heavily on tax-based allocations as a funding source. However, such allocations have recently been cut both overall and relative to other services, incentivizing exploration of alternative funding strategies. Privatization practices represent a potentially efficacious but controversial alternative funding approach. This study examines the relationship between attitudes toward privatization, and preferences …
An exploratory study on Chinese tourists’ visitation to a U.S. National Park
This study adopts semi-structured interviews in Grand Teton National Park (GRTE) in the United States and aims to understand Chinese tourists’ decision-making processes and experiences. The results reveal that geographic distances, China's unique technical infrastructure and policies influence Chinese tourists’ information sources and reasons for visiting GRTE. Their information sources are unique, and their decisions for visiting GRTE are ad-hoc…
Recreation, Leisure, Wilderness Management (14 works) · Psychology (11 works) · Diverse Aspects of Tourism Research (10 works) · Recreation (10 works) · Geography (9 works) · Social Psychology (9 works) · Social Psychology (7 works) · Sociology (7 works) · Business (6 works) · Ecology (6 works)