O Dutour
Biographic Data
| ID | 626076 |
|---|---|
| NAME | O Dutour |
| FAMILY NAME | O Dutour |
| SIGNATURE | DUTOUR O |
| AFFILIATIONS | Institut de Neurobiologie de la Méditerranée |
| ORCID | 0000-0001-8134-788X |
| VERIFIED | Yes |
| TOTAL WORKS | 101 |
| TOTAL CITATIONS | 487 |
| AUTHOR COUNT | 99 |
| EDITOR COUNT | 2 |
| FIRST PUBLICATION YEAR | 1986 |
| LATEST PUBLICATION YEAR | 2026 |
| H-INDEX | 11 |
Penser les effondrements et les ruptures: Approches historiques, archéologiques et épistémologiques
Le présent ouvrage interroge les notions d’effondrement, de rupture, de crise et de résilience dans une perspective pluridisciplinaire et sur la longue durée, autour de quatre chapitres consacrés aux réflexions épistémologiques, aux sociétés humaines, au monde vivant et aux épidémies. Ces dix-neuf contributions mettent en évidence, du Paléolithique à l’époque contemporaine, la diversité des trajectoires historiques, entre transformations progress…
Enthèses immatures et ostéolyses corticales: Apports De L’analyse Microarchitecturale À La Compréhension Des Contraintes Biomécaniques
Ce document a été généré automatiquement le 13 janvier 2026. Le texte seul est utilisable
Archeometric detection of mercury: A paleopharmacological case study of skeletal remains of a child with vitamin deficiencies (Rouen, France, late 18–19th centuries)
First direct dating of the Late Neanderthal remains from Subalyuk Cave in Northern Hungary
The Subalyuk hominin remains were uncovered in 1932 in a cave of the same name in the Bükk Mountains, near the village of Cserépfalu in Borsod-Abaúj-Zemplén County, Northern Hungary. The remains represent two individuals, an adult and a young child who have been described in a few publications since their discovery, providing substantial anthropological data and general assessments of their Neanderthal affiliation. They were associated with Late …
Apport de la microtomographie RX à la paléopathologie
Depuis son invention en 1982 par Jim Elliott, la microtomographie RX a pris une place de plus en plus importante dans le domaine des sciences archéologiques. Elle permet, en effet, d’analyser les structures internes des archéomatériaux à l’échelle microscopique, sans en altérer l’intégrité. Elle offre, de plus, une visualisation classique en coupes ou en reconstitution tridimensionnelle. En paléoanthropologie, son application à l’analyse des vest…
Inner ear modifications in Dar-es-Soltane II H5 (Morocco): A case of labyrinthitis ossificans
OBJECTIVE: This paper presents the inner ear modifications in Dar-es-Soltane II H5, an Aterian fossil possibly dated to 100 ka. MATERIAL: The remains consist of a large portion of the cranium including the face, the left frontal and temporal bones, part of the left parietal bone and greater wing of the sphenoid. METHODS: The bony labyrinth anatomy was investigated on existing micro-CT data acquired by the MPI-EVA. RESULTS: The observation of micr…
Dominique Henry-Gambier, paléoanthropologue
autorisations d'usage spcifiques
L’origine de la syphilis: Colomb enfin innocenté
Parmi les débats scientifiques, celui sur les origines de la syphilis compte comme l’un des plus passionnés et des plus longs. Ce débat clivant a mobilisé pendant plusieurs siècles médecins, historiens et archéologues, opposant les partisans d’une origine américaine du mal vénérien (hypothèse colombienne) à leurs détracteurs (hypothèses précolombienne, unitaire et évolutive). Le modèle colombien, soutenu notamment en France par le prix Nobel de m…
La tuberculose, du bœuf à l’homme ou plutôt de l’homme au bœuf: Enquête préhistorique
La tuberculose humaine a été longtemps considérée comme une infection ayant émergé au Néolithique, du fait de la domestication d’espèces animales réservoirs, dont l’auroch. Le bacille humain Mycobacterium tuberculosis aurait émergé d’un « complexe » microbien (MTBC, pour Mycobacterium tuberculosis Complex), responsable de la tuberculose chez différentes espèces animales. Une étude phylogénétique princeps parue en 2002 a contredit ce scénario bien…
Un cas d'ostéodystrophie du labyrinthe osseux sur le fossile atérien Dar-es-Soltane II H5 (Maroc)
Les restes crâniens de Dar-Es-Soltane II H5 ont été mis au jour en 1975 dans la grotte éponyme près de la ville côtière de Rabat au Maroc lors de fouilles dirigées par A. Debénath. Ils provenaient d’une couche stratigraphique ayant également livré un techno-complexe lithique de l’Atérien (Paléolithique moyen d’Afrique du Nord) qui a pu être daté autour de 80 ka. Les restes crâniens sont constitués par l’os frontal presque complet ainsi que, du cô…
Frequency and co-occurrence of porous skeletal lesions in identified non-adults from Portugal (19th to 20th centuries) and its association with respiratory infections as cause of death
Porous skeletal lesions (PSL) have been reported in scientific literature since the 19th century, yet their etiology(ies) remains a complex issue under debate. The aim of this study is twofold: evaluate the frequency, co-occurrence, and association of PSL with biological sex and age at death and examine possible relationships between the presence/absence of PSL with the known cause of death (COD). Fifty-six non-adult skeletons from the Coimbra Id…
Can the palaeoepidemiology of rickets during the industrialisation period in France be studied through bioarchaeological grey literature and French medico-historical literature of the 18th-early 20th …
A unique case of skeletal dysplasia in an adult male in Late Iron Age Switzerland
OBJECTIVE: We report a probable case of multiple skeletal dysplasia observed in a Late Iron Age young adult male. MATERIALS: The individual studied belongs to a Late Iron Age necropolis from Switzerland. The skeletal elements are well preserved METHODS: Macroscopic and radiographic assessment. RESULTS: The individual shows evidence of both craniofacial and mandibular deformation. Developmental defects are also visible with effects on the general …
Are the identified collections of immature skeletons dating from the Industrial Revolution good references for paleoauxological studies? Cases studies from England & France
Was the rise of TB contemporaneous with the industrial revolution? Epidemiological evolution of TB in France (17th-20th centuries) inferred from osteoarchaeological and historical archives
Assessing biases in the analysis of trabecular bone microarchitecture of non-adult individuals
New Paleopathological Evidence of Tuberculosis in Child Skeletal Remains from Tell Aswad (8,730-8,290 cal. BC, southern Syria)
In palaeopathology, in addition to typical skeletal lesions, the study of secondary or minor lesions increases the level of detection of pathologies in human populations of the past. In this perspective, we examined skeletal remains from the Neolithic site of Tell Aswad, located in the central Levant (southern Syria) in order to detect lesions attributable to tuberculosis (TB) infection. Skeletal lesions, vertebral and endocranial, are observed o…
More than the sum of their parts: Reconstituting the paleopathological profile of the individual and commingled Neolithic populations of Western Switzerland
This research focuses on the Neolithic populations of Western Switzerland (5500-2200 BCE) and on establishing their paleopathological profile. This chronological period presents varying burial practices, and the aim was to be able to synthesise all information regarding the pathologies these populations exhibited, in such a way that statistical tests could be performed to determine whether geographical (site location), biological (age, sex, statu…
Riding for a fall: Bone fractures among mounted archers from the Hungarian Conquest period (10th century CE)
Horse riding, a determinant activity in the history of human cultural evolution, remains unreliably identifiable from the analysis of human skeletal remains due to various sample and methodological limitations. Through a comparison between well-documented series of presumed riders and non-riders, this study aimed to investigate the link between skeletal fractures and that practice in past populations. We relied on a Hungarian Conquest period popu…
Le conservatoire Virt.Os (Virtothèque ostéologique) de Bordeaux
Le projet VIRT.OS, financé par le Conseil régional d'Aquitaine, a permis la création d'une bibliothèque osseuse virtuelle. Sa vocation est d'aider les disciplines concernées par les études ostéologiques comme l'anthropologie biologique, l'archéozoologie et la paléontologie, l'anatomie et la paléopathologie. Les spécimens contenus dans cette ostéothèque virtuelle proviennent de différentes collections squelettiques et ostéoarchéologiques. Ils sont…
The third dimension in palaeopathology: How can three‐dimensional imaging by computed tomography bring an added value to retrospective diagnosis
Three‐dimensional (3D) imaging is now extensively used for studying ancient human and animal bones. This method has been consensually adopted by palaeoanthropologists, but its interest in palaeopathology has been challenged. The aim of this paper is to illustrate the contribution of 3D reconstructions to retrospective diagnosis in palaeopathology. We selected six palaeopathological cases among our research corpus representing three nosographic ca…
Brothers in arms: Activity-related skeletal changes observed on the humerus of individuals buried with and without weapons from the 10th-century CE Carpathian Basin
Investigation of warfare-related lifestyle based on the activity-induced skeletal changes is of great interest for bioarchaeologists. Numerous studies have described various skeletal traces connected to the regular practice of different types of weapons. However, methodological problems, such as the multifactorial aetiology of these presumed activity-related skeletal changes, make it difficult to evaluate which changes are reliable in the identif…
Cases of serpens endocrania symmetrica in young individuals from Neolithic Western Switzerland: Description and interpretation
Endocranial lesions known as serpens endocrania symmetrica (SES) appear relatively frequently in the paleopathological record, but their significance often goes undiscussed. For the past decade, however, research has proved conclusively that their presence is an indicator of illnesses within the corpus. As such, cases found in the archaeological record can provide clues as to the kinds of diseases that prehistoric populations endured. We report f…
Qafzeh 9 mandible (ca 90–100 kyrs BP, Israel) revisited: Μ-CT and 3D reveal new pathological conditions
The periosteum dilemma in bioarcheology: Normal growth or pathological condition? – 3D discriminating microscopic approach
Enthesopathies as occupational stress markers: Evidence from the upper limb
Enthesopathies—that is, “musculo‐skeletal stress markers”—are frequently used to reconstruct past lifestyles and activity patterns. Relatively little attention has been paid in physical anthropology to methodological gaps implicit in this approach: almost all methods previously employed neglect current medical insights into enthesopathies and the distinction between healthy and pathological aspects has been arbitrary. This study presents a new vi…
Enthesopathies (lesions of muscular insertions) as indicators of the activities of Neolithic Saharan populations
Enthesopathies are bony lesions involving the sites of insertion of muscles or ligaments. Those caused by hyperactivity of the relevant muscles may be distinguished clearly from those of metabolic or inflammatory origin. Observations from sporting and occupational medicine indicate that specific enthesopathies are correlated with different activities. Examination of the enthesopathies present on two groups of well‐preserved neolithic skeletons fr…
Age and sex bias in the reconstruction of past population structures
Palaeodemographical studies are founded on the assumption that the sex and age distribution of the skeletal sample reflects the constitution of the original population. It is becoming increasingly clear, however, that the type and amount of information that may be derived from osteoarchaeological collections are related to the state of preservation of remains. This work proposes a new method to evaluate bone preservation, to identify age and sex …
Subsistence activities and the sexual division of labor in the European Upper Paleolithic and Mesolithic: Evidence from upper limb enthesopathies
Activités physiques et squelette humain: Le Difficile Passage De l'Actuel Au Fossile
Dutour Olivier. Activités physiques et squelette humain : le difficile passage de l'actuel au fossile. In: Bulletins et Mémoires de la Société d'anthropologie de Paris, Nouvelle Série. Tome 4 fascicule 3-4, 1992. pp. 233-241
Activity-induced skeletal markers in historical anthropological material
A new research way of palaeopathology has recently opened: it concerns the study of the impact of the human activities on the skeleton and the reconstitution of these activities. Being interested essentially in the activity-induced skeletal markers, we carried out this study on 354 human skeletal remains. The Hungarian series represents a larger sample (263 skeletons from the 10th century; collections of the Department of Anthropology, József Att…
Paleoepidemiology of vertebral degenerative disease in a Pre‐Columbian Muisca series from Colombia
Major manifestations of vertebral degenerative joint disease were observed on a Pre‐Columbian Muisca series from the Soacha Cemetery (11th to 13th centuries) Colombia, South America. In total, 1,646 vertebrae of 83 individuals were examined. Osteophytes, vertebral body joint surface contour change (“lipping”), and vertebral body pitting were evaluated for each vertebral body. For apophyseal joints, joint surface contour change, pitting, and eburn…
Relationship between formation of the femoral bicondylar angle and trochlear shape: Independence of diaphyseal and epiphyseal growth
During hominin evolution, an increase in the femoral bicondylar angle was the initial change that led to selection for protuberance of the lateral trochlear lip and the elliptical profile of the lateral condyle. No correlation is found during ontogeny between the degree of femoral obliquity and of the prominence of the lateral trochlear lip. Might there be a relationship with the elliptical profile of the lateral condyle? On intact femoral diaphy…
Serpens endocrania symmetrica (SES): A new term and a possible clue for identifying intrathoracic disease in skeletal populations
This paper describes a phenomenon in the endocranial plate, which we have termed “serpens endocrania symmetrica” (SES), and discusses its value as a diagnostic tool. The affected discolored bone area exhibits disruption of the endocranial surface, lending it a maze‐like appearance. Histological sections demonstrate that the process is limited to the most superficial portion of the endocranium, with no diploic and ectocranial involvement (sinus ar…
Les processus de conservation différentielle du squelette des individus immatures: Implications sur les reconstitutions paléodémographiques
Bone remains in osteological collections are not a reflection of a living population, only a sample of the original population. Differential states of preservation related to the individuals’ age can result in under-representation of certain categories (especially very young children). Such under-representation produces a bias in the reconstruction of past populations.The present anthropological study was carried out on 341 skeletons from three m…
Pre-Columbian congenital syphilis from the late antiquity in France
Today, exactly 500 years after the discovery of America, there is still a lot of controversy about the history of syphilis in Europe, especially about the Columbian and pre-Columbian hypotheses. This paper presents evidence for the presence of venereal treponematosis in the late Antiquity in France.The case that we examined comes from the necropolis of Costebelle (3rd-5th centuries AD; Hyères, Var, France). Grave no. 1 contained the well-preserve…
Dental status of Napoleon's Great Army's (1812) mass burial of soldiers in Vilnius: Childhood Peculiarities and Adult Dietary Habits
A mass grave of the soldiers of Napoleon's Great Army, containing no less than 3269 individuals who died during the retreat from Russia in December 1812, was uncovered during an archaeological rescue excavation in 2002 in Vilnius, Lithuania. General dental analysis, including that of dental wear, tooth loss, caries, calculus, and periodontal diseases and abscesses, was used to evaluate the oral health status and possible dietary patterns of indiv…
Horse riding and the shape of the acetabulum: Insights from the bioarchaeological analysis of early Hungarian mounted archers (10th century)
Horse riding is a human activity that has particularly interested bioanthropologists and paleopathologists working on the reconstruction of activities from skeletal changes in ancient populations. However, various sample and methodological limitations, such as the absence of direct evidence connecting the individuals and the activity, result in a lack of confidence regarding what changes should be included in the so-called horse riding syndrome. …
Paleodemographie et demographie historique en contexte epidemique: La peste en Provence au XVIIIe siecle
Signoli M., Séguy I., Biraben J.-N., Dutour O. Paléodémographie et démographie historique en contexte épidémique : la peste en Provence au XVIIIe siècle. In: Population, 57e année, n°6, 2002. pp. 821-847
Étude de deux dents humaines provenant des niveaux moustériens de la Baume Néron (Soyons, Ardèche)
Defleur Alban, Dutour Olivier, Vandermeersch Bernard. Étude de deux dents humaines provenant des niveaux moustériens de la Baume Néron (Soyons, Ardèche). In: Bulletins et Mémoires de la Société d'anthropologie de Paris, Nouvelle Série. Tome 4 fascicule 1-2, 1992. pp. 127-134
Les tombes protohistoriques de Gros-Ped, Les Arcs-sur-Argens (Var)
The accidental discovery of two cremations burial places in the central Var department has revived the knowledge of the funeral practices of the Early Iron Age in this region. The well-preserved burial places are presented in their structural lay-out (in plain earth, whitout any particular protection or marking) and ritual arrangement (bones collected from the pyre, relation to the personal objects of the deceased, accompanying offerings or libat…
Probable early presence of leprosy in Europe in a Celtic skeleton of the 4th-3rd century BC (Casalecchio di Reno, Bologna, Italy)
Examination of the skeleton of an adult male from the Celtic necropolis of Casalecchio di Reno (Bologna, Italy; 4th–3rd century BC) revealed some lesions on the feet, especially bilateral acro-osteolysis of the metatarsals, and on the tibia, fibula and hand. The morphological and radiographic characteristics of the bones are consistent with a diagnosis of leprosy. Other features of the rhinomaxillary region support this diagnosis. As far as we kn…
Leprosy in a skeleton from the 7th century necropolis of Vicenne-Campochiaro (Molise, Italy)
Analysis of the skeleton from tomb 144 of the early medieval necropolis of Vicenne-Campochiaro in Central Italy revealed several features indicative of leprosy. The skeleton belongs to a male estimated to be between 20 and 25 years of age at death. The distal halves of the 1st and 2nd left metatarsals present acro-osteolysis and both legs show severe subperiosteal bone reaction. The facial skeleton shows changes compatible with a chronic inflamma…
Frequency and co-occurrence of porous skeletal lesions in identified non-adults from Portugal (19th to 20th centuries) and its association with respiratory infections as cause of death
Porous skeletal lesions (PSL) have been reported in scientific literature since the 19th century, yet their etiology(ies) remains a complex issue under debate. The aim of this study is twofold: evaluate the frequency, co-occurrence, and association of PSL with biological sex and age at death and examine possible relationships between the presence/absence of PSL with the known cause of death (COD). Fifty-six non-adult skeletons from the Coimbra Id…
Interpersonal violence or hunting accident among the last hunter-gatherers? A flint projectile embedded in a thoracic vertebra from the Early Neolithic site of Tell Mureybet, Syria
The site of Tell Mureybet in Syria yielded several human remains, partly dated from the Pre-Pottery Neolithic B (8300-8200 BC), including a skeleton from an incomplete primary burial (grave 3) excavated in 1974. The study of the bones helps us to reconstruct the plausible cause of death, a thoraco-abdominal fatal wound caused by an arrow shot in the chest. This is clearly evidenced by the presence of a flint arrowhead embedded in the 10th thoraci…
A case of beheading dating from the celtic period (la Tène B, Sarliève-Grande Halle, France)
Excavation at the site of Sarliève-Grande Halle, La Grande Halle revealed a large celtic necropolis dating from the 1st century BC. Burial number SP 2170 presented evidence of beheading. The position of the body showed a proper anatomical situation of the head in spite of a dislocation of C1-C2 and abnormal rotation of the head on the right side. Moreover, the arms were in an unusual position, with internal rotation of the humeri, the forearms cr…
Cases of serpens endocrania symmetrica in young individuals from Neolithic Western Switzerland: Description and interpretation
Endocranial lesions known as serpens endocrania symmetrica (SES) appear relatively frequently in the paleopathological record, but their significance often goes undiscussed. For the past decade, however, research has proved conclusively that their presence is an indicator of illnesses within the corpus. As such, cases found in the archaeological record can provide clues as to the kinds of diseases that prehistoric populations endured. We report f…
Using Classifications to Identify Pathological and Taphonomic Modifications on Ancient Bones: Do "Taphognomonic" Criteria Exist
Pathological and taphonomic agents can sometimes produce bone modifications that seem indistinguishable from one another, even to an experienced eye. The aim of this study is to propose a classification system to identify modifications observed on skeletal elements from different environmental and chronological contexts, with similar morphologies but varied aetiologies. Two types of classifications, empirical and statistical, were constructed, te…
Le Peuplement moderne d'Afrique septentrionale et ses relations avec celui du Proche-Orient
The anatomically modem populations of North Africa are rarely mentioned in papers devoted to the issue of modern humans origin. When it comes to understanding human evolution, the African hypothesis was always a South or East-Side Story. Yet, comparative analysis of the skeletal material, based on past and present discoveries, showed morphological affinities between the Maghreb, Sahara and Nile valley prehistoric populations. These may imply: 1) …
Prehistory of human tuberculosis: Earliest evidence from the onset of animal husbandry in the Near East
La tuberculose a été considérée, pendant longtemps, comme une zoonose transmise à l’homme par des bovins, notamment lors du processus de domestication de l’aurochs au Néolithique. Des travaux de phylogénie moléculaire récents ont remis en question ce dogme, montrant que le complexe Mycobacterium tuberculosis (MTBC) a existé comme pathogène humain depuis environ trois millions d’années. Cependant, des études récentes basées sur deux horloges moléc…
Enthesopathies (lesions of muscular insertions) as indicators of the activities of Neolithic Saharan populations
Enthesopathies are bony lesions involving the sites of insertion of muscles or ligaments. Those caused by hyperactivity of the relevant muscles may be distinguished clearly from those of metabolic or inflammatory origin. Observations from sporting and occupational medicine indicate that specific enthesopathies are correlated with different activities. Examination of the enthesopathies present on two groups of well‐preserved neolithic skeletons fr…
Abstracts — Second Symposium on Upper Paleolithic
L'homme de Taforalt au Sahara, ou le problème de l'extension saharienne des Cromagnoïdes du Maghreb
Dutour Olivier. L'homme de Taforalt au Sahara, ou le problème de l'extension saharienne des Cromagnoïdes du Maghreb. In: Bulletins et Mémoires de la Société d'anthropologie de Paris, XIV° Série. Tome 5 fascicule 4, 1988. pp. 247-256
Les tombes protohistoriques de Gros-Ped, Les Arcs-sur-Argens (Var)
The accidental discovery of two cremations burial places in the central Var department has revived the knowledge of the funeral practices of the Early Iron Age in this region. The well-preserved burial places are presented in their structural lay-out (in plain earth, whitout any particular protection or marking) and ritual arrangement (bones collected from the pyre, relation to the personal objects of the deceased, accompanying offerings or libat…
Pre-Columbian congenital syphilis from the late antiquity in France
Today, exactly 500 years after the discovery of America, there is still a lot of controversy about the history of syphilis in Europe, especially about the Columbian and pre-Columbian hypotheses. This paper presents evidence for the presence of venereal treponematosis in the late Antiquity in France.The case that we examined comes from the necropolis of Costebelle (3rd-5th centuries AD; Hyères, Var, France). Grave no. 1 contained the well-preserve…
Activités physiques et squelette humain: Le Difficile Passage De l'Actuel Au Fossile
Dutour Olivier. Activités physiques et squelette humain : le difficile passage de l'actuel au fossile. In: Bulletins et Mémoires de la Société d'anthropologie de Paris, Nouvelle Série. Tome 4 fascicule 3-4, 1992. pp. 233-241
Étude de deux dents humaines provenant des niveaux moustériens de la Baume Néron (Soyons, Ardèche)
Defleur Alban, Dutour Olivier, Vandermeersch Bernard. Étude de deux dents humaines provenant des niveaux moustériens de la Baume Néron (Soyons, Ardèche). In: Bulletins et Mémoires de la Société d'anthropologie de Paris, Nouvelle Série. Tome 4 fascicule 1-2, 1992. pp. 127-134
Le Peuplement moderne d'Afrique septentrionale et ses relations avec celui du Proche-Orient
The anatomically modem populations of North Africa are rarely mentioned in papers devoted to the issue of modern humans origin. When it comes to understanding human evolution, the African hypothesis was always a South or East-Side Story. Yet, comparative analysis of the skeletal material, based on past and present discoveries, showed morphological affinities between the Maghreb, Sahara and Nile valley prehistoric populations. These may imply: 1) …
A Healed Wound Caused by a Flint Arrowhead in a Neolithic Human Innominate from the Trou Rosette (Furfooz, Belgium)
A new case is described here of a wound caused by a flint arrowhead in the neolithic period. The specimen comes from a collective burial excavated last century in the cave Trou Rosette (Belgium). It consists of a fragment of left adult ilium. The fragment of arrowhead is located in a rounded cavity which is open in the medial surface of the bone. The CT scan and the artefact study allow us to reconstruct the scenario of the accident. The arrow pi…
A Healed Wound Caused by a Flint Arrowhead in a Neolithic Human Innominate from the Trou Rosette (Furfooz, Belgium)
A new case is described here of a wound caused by a flint arrowhead in the neolithic period. The specimen comes from a collective burial excavated last century in the cave Trou Rosette (Belgium). It consists of a fragment of left adult ilium. The fragment of arrowhead is located in a rounded cavity which is open in the medial surface of the bone. The CT scan and the artefact study allow us to reconstruct the scenario of the accident. The arrow pi…
Activity-induced skeletal markers in historical anthropological material
A new research way of palaeopathology has recently opened: it concerns the study of the impact of the human activities on the skeleton and the reconstitution of these activities. Being interested essentially in the activity-induced skeletal markers, we carried out this study on 354 human skeletal remains. The Hungarian series represents a larger sample (263 skeletons from the 10th century; collections of the Department of Anthropology, József Att…
Identification of childhood arthritis in archaeological material: Juvenile rheumatoid arthritis versus juvenile spondyloarthropathy
Identification of childhood arthritis in archaeological material: Juvenile rheumatoid arthritis versus juvenile spondyloarthropathy
Recognition of sickle cell anemia in skeletal remains of children
The present study discusses in detail the osteological changes associated with sickle cell anemia in children and their importance in differential diagnosis. Posterior calcaneal and specific articular surface disruptive metacarpal lesions are diagnostic for sickle cell anemia. Calvarial thickening, tibial and femoral cortical bone thickening, and bowing are of more limited utility in differential diagnosis. Granular osteoporosis, pelvic demineral…
Why do we fail in aging the skull from the sagittal suture
The controversy over the reliability of ectocranial suture status (open vs. closed) as an age estimation stimulated the pursuit of Meindl and Lovejoy's suggestion (Meindl and Lovejoy [1985] Am. J. Phys. Anthropol. 68:57-66) for large scale analysis. The extent of the sagittal suture closure was assessed in 3,636 skulls from the Hamann-Todd and Terry collections. The debate over whether cranial suture ossification represents a pathologic or an age…
Why do we fail in aging the skull from the sagittal suture
The controversy over the reliability of ectocranial suture status (open vs. closed) as an age estimation stimulated the pursuit of Meindl and Lovejoy's suggestion (Meindl and Lovejoy [1985] Am. J. Phys. Anthropol. 68:57– 66) for large scale analysis. The extent of the sagittal suture closure was assessed in 3,636 skulls from the Hamann-Todd and Terry collections. The debate over whether cranial suture ossification represents a pathologic or an ag…
Recognition of sickle cell anemia in skeletal remains of children
The present study discusses in detail the osteological changes associated with sickle cell anemia in children and their importance in differential diagnosis. Posterior calcaneal and specific articular surface disruptive metacarpal lesions are diagnostic for sickle cell anemia. Calvarial thickening, tibial and femoral cortical bone thickening, and bowing are of more limited utility in differential diagnosis. Granular osteoporosis, pelvic demineral…
Recognition of leukemia in skeletal remains: Report and comparison of two cases
Recognition of disease in the archeologic record is facilitated by characterization of the skeletal impact of documented (in life) disease. The present study describes the osteological manifestations of leukemia as identified in the skeletons of two individuals diagnosed during life: a 3-year-old black girl with acute lymphocytic leukemia and a 60-year-old white male with acute myelogenous leukemia in the Hamann-Todd collection. Contrasting with …
The elusive petroexoccipital articulation
In the present study, 1,869 skulls from the Hamann-Todd Collection were examined (macroscopically and by radiographs) for closure of the petroexoccipital articulation (jugular synchrondrosis). The results demonstrated the the petroexoccipital articulation underwent closure between 20 and 50 years of age in most human skulls evaluated. Approximately 7-10% of the human skulls underwent complete union of the petroexoccipital articulation before 20 y…
Clues potentially distinguishing lytic lesions of multiple myeloma from those of metastatic carcinoma
This study was conducted to determine whether individual bony lesions are specific for recognizing multiple myeloma and thereby distinguish it from metastatic cancer and leukemia. The lytic skeletal lesions of multiple myeloma are characterized by sharply defined, spheroid lesions. They have smooth borders and effaced/erased trabeculae. Unique spheroid myeloma lesions appear to be responsible for the "punched out" appearance of affected bone. The…
Clues potentially distinguishing lytic lesions of multiple myeloma from those of metastatic carcinoma
This study was conducted to determine whether individual bony lesions are specific for recognizing multiple myeloma and thereby distinguish it from metastatic cancer and leukemia. The lytic skeletal lesions of multiple myeloma are characterized by sharply defined, spheroid lesions. They have smooth borders and effaced/erased trabeculae. Unique spheroid myeloma lesions appear to be responsible for the “punched out” appearance of affected bone. The…
Clues to recognition of fungal origin of lytic skeletal lesions
The present study addresses the specificity of lytic osseous impact for distinguishing among metastatic cancer, tuberculosis, and fungal disease. Osseous impact is used in this manuscript as a convention to describe the macroscopic appearance of defleshed bones affected by the disease. Osseous changes in the skeleton of a 47-year-old black male, diagnosed in life as having blastomycosis, were characterized and compared to lytic lesions observed i…
Les épidémies: Passé Et Présent
Bley Daniel, Dutour Olivier, Pálfi György. Les épidémies : passé et présent. In: Bulletins et Mémoires de la Société d'anthropologie de Paris, Nouvelle Série. Tome 10 fascicule 1-2, 1998. pp. 3-4
Diagnostic paléopathologique des tréponématoses: À Propos d'Un Cas Bien Conservé
Molnár Erika, Dutour Olivier, Pálfi György. Diagnostic paléopathologique des tréponématoses : à propos d'un cas bien conservé. In: Bulletins et Mémoires de la Société d'anthropologie de Paris, Nouvelle Série. Tome 10 fascicule 1-2, 1998. pp. 17-28
Radiologie des infections osseuses en paléopathologie
Panuel Michel, Pálfi György, Dutour Olivier. Radiologie des infections osseuses en paléopathologie. In: Bulletins et Mémoires de la Société d'anthropologie de Paris, Nouvelle Série. Tome 10 fascicule 1-2, 1998. pp. 179-187
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