Carl Latkin
Dados Biográficos
| ID | 633246 |
|---|---|
| NOME | Carl Latkin |
| PRENOMES | Carl |
| SOBRENOME | Latkin |
| ASSINATURA | LATKIN C |
| AFILIAÇÕES | Johns Hopkins University |
| ORCID | 0000-0002-7931-2116 |
| VERIFICADO | Sim |
| TOTAL DE OBRAS | 405 |
| TOTAL DE CITAÇÕES | 588 |
| TOTAL COMO AUTOR | 405 |
| TOTAL COMO EDITOR | 0 |
| PRIMEIRO ANO DE PUBLICAÇÃO | 1987 |
| ANO MAIS RECENTE DE PUBLICAÇÃO | 2026 |
| ÍNDICE H | 10 |
Characterizing the Geography of Drug Use Networks and Behaviors Among People Who Inject Drugs in the Baltimore Metropolitan Region
The geography of injection drug use in the United States continues to evolve and expand outside of urban areas, yet there is little understanding of the extent to which urban and non-urban networks of people who inject drugs (PWID) interact, which has implications for HIV and hepatitis C transmission (HCV). Here, we characterize individuals with mixed geography PWID networks in the Baltimore, Maryland region, as well as prospective associations w…
Naloxone Availability, Testing Drugs for Potency, and Solitary Use
BACKGROUND: Fatal and nonfatal opioid overdoses remain a pressing public health challenge. However, engagement in drug overdose prevention and response behaviors may vary across demographic and social contexts. OBJECTIVES: = 783). Ordered logistic regression models assessed factors associated with three key behaviors: testing-dosing to assess drug potency, naloxone availability while using with others, and solitary drug use. RESULTS: The three ke…
Social Network Characteristics as Predictors of Opioid Use Disorder Treatment Utilization among People Who Use Drugs with Hepatitis C Infections in Baltimore, MD
BACKGROUND: This study investigated social network characteristics that affect opioid use disorder (OUD) treatment utilization among people who use drugs (PWUDs). METHODS: Between December 2016 and April 2019, participants were recruited in Baltimore, Maryland. Eligibility criteria included being over 18 years old, having a positive antibody test result for HCV, and engaging in risky health behaviors, such as injection drug use in the past 6 mont…
Alcohol and other drug use among HIV-affected adolescents and young adults in Zambia
Background Alcohol and other drug (AOD) use is a growing public health problem among AYA and young adults (AYA) globally. AYA who are affected by HIV in low-and-middle-income countries (LMICs) may have high risk for AOD use problems, yet the context of AOD use remains an understudied area in this population. Method ology: In this qualitative study, we conducted 16 focus group discussions with HIV-affected AYA (ages 16-24), caregivers, and healthc…
Understanding the role of intersectional identity constructs on psychological well-being of Latino men who have sex with men (LMSM) in San Diego, California
Background: Latino men who have sex with men (LMSM) experience substantial mental health inequities, partly due to intersectional stigma related to their Latino, masculine (i.e., conceptualized as a spectrum of gendered expectations, where both endorsement and non-endorsement of traditional masculine norms shape experience), and sexual identities. While prior research has examined identity valence (e.g., internalized stigma, pride) and magnitude …
“I wasn't really welcome in that community”
Social and structural determinants of health are often spatially bound, limiting access to resources that influence health. Where people go and their interactions shape and are shaped by intersectional stigma, with profound potential impacts on health. Yet, further research is needed to understand how place intersects with intersectional stigma to affect people’s daily lives and health. To inform place-based HIV prevention and care interventions …
Perceptions and Experiences of Xylazine, Disparities in Xylazine Awareness, and Correlates of Xylazine-Attributed Wounds Among People Who Use Opioids
Awareness of xylazine in the drug supply remains incomplete among PWUO, with differences by race, age, and gender. The finding of a strong association of xylazine-attributed wounds and injection drug use should be the focus of future research. These findings underscore the need for enhanced surveillance systems, peer education, and community-based harm reduction strategies. Real-time monitoring and rapid response strategies are essential to prote…
Resilience, ingenuity, and identity
Community Health Workers (CHWs) have an extensive involvement in augmenting service capacities in primary care settings. This study sheds light on the unique experiences of CHWs as they navigate barriers and enablers in the Philippine healthcare setting through their journey for professionalization. This study aims to: (1) Describe the roles assumed by CHWs in rural and remote municipalities in the Philippines; and (2) Identify the multi-level ba…
Fatal Opioid Overdoses by Historical and Contemporary Neighborhood-Level Structural Racism
These findings provide preliminary evidence that structural racism could be a root cause of opioid-involved overdose deaths. Future research is needed to identify mechanisms linking structural racism to overdose deaths and to develop effective policies and programs to reduce fatal overdose rates
Patterns of mHealth Engagement and Identification of Facilitators and Barriers to Mobile Health Applications for People Who Use Opioids
Mobile health (mHealth) applications represent low-cost, scalable interventions with broad reach and are valuable for people who use opioids (PWUO), a population that often experiences low retention in traditional research studies. This study examines engagement patterns with the OASIS app, an mHealth app prompting PWUO in Baltimore, Maryland, to report daily on substance use locations and overdose prevention behaviors over 14 days. Between Decem…
The Relationship Between Methadone and Buprenorphine Enrollment and Overdose Prevention and Treatment Behaviors Among a Community Sample of People Who Use Opioids in Baltimore, Maryland
Findings suggest the importance of promoting overdose prevention and care behaviors to people in drug treatment and training them to promote overdose prevention and care behaviors among their drug-using network members and other community members
Patterns of social media use in Vietnamese youths
This study is perhaps the first study to have examined and explored the patterns of social media use amongst Vietnamese youths and to explore the psychological impact of their social media usage. The findings underscores the critical need for a multifaceted approach involving the participation of school and family to foster healthier social media habits and protect mental well-being among youth as well as prepare strategies to early coping with p…
Smoking cessation message testing to inform app-based interventions for young adults – an online experiment
Distraction and acceptance messages received similar ratings among young adults who smoke cigarettes. Message revisions may be needed to increase appeal to women, SGM, those with lower education, and those less motivated to quit. Messages will be refined and used in an ongoing micro-randomized trial to investigate their real-time impact on smoking urges and behaviors
Estimating the Cost-Saving Threshold of a Rural Syringe Services Program Before and During the Covid-19 Pandemic
Quality of Life among Predominately African Americans with HIV Who Use Drugs
The association between social capital and drug overdose mortality in the United States
Having naloxone when you need it
Impact of the Covid-19 Pandemic on Social Support Networks of Gay and Bisexual Men with HIV in New York City
Exploring Contextual Influences on the Implementation and Impact of Safe Streets, a Community Violence Intervention
Medication Adherence and Substance Use Among Gay, Bisexual and Other Men Who Have Sex with Men (GBMSM) Living with HIV in New York City During covid-19 Restrictions
COVID-19 shelter-in-place orders were critical in preventing the spread of SARS CoV-2 virus but may have disrupted care for people living with HIV, including access to antiretroviral treatment (ART). Understanding how COVID-19 restrictions affected ART adherence is a public health concern. Neighborhoods, Networks and HIV (NNHIV) is an ongoing longitudinal cohort study evaluating the impact of neighborhoods and networks on HIV care engagement amon…
Physical Accessibility Barriers to Medications for Opioid Use Disorder Treatment
Introduction The opioid overdose crisis necessitates the development of effective treatment and harm reduction practices. Recent increases in opioid use disorder (OUD) and overdose rates among women in tandem with lower medications for opioid use disorder (MOUD) treatment utilization rates make a case for investigating the barriers faced by women with OUD in accessing MOUD treatment. To inform future interventions, this study examines factors tha…
Evaluation of online training to promote peer diffusion of climate change activism in the US
Enacting policies to reduce greenhouse gas emissions requires climate change activism (CCA). CCA behaviors include volunteering/donating to organizations addressing climate change and lobbying policymakers. However, effective methods to promote CCA are not well understood. In August 2022, 622 US adults participated in a randomized control trial and one-month follow-up to assess the efficacy of the Climate Change Activism Peer Educator Training Pr…
Criminal justice involvement, structural vulnerability and social safety net services among people living with HIV in Baltimore
“They talked to me like I was dirt under their feet
Background: Many pregnant individuals with opioid use disorder (OUD) spend time in jail, yet access to standard of care medications for OUD (MOUD) in jail is limited. Though qualitative studies of non-incarcerated pregnant and non-pregnant incarcerated individuals with OUD demonstrate complexities that must be considered in delivering effective care, studies with pregnant, incarcerated patients with OUD are lacking. Methods: We conducted semi-str…
The social determinants of migrant domestic worker (MDW) health and well-being in the Western Pacific Region
The health and well-being of transnational migrant domestic workers (MDWs) is a pressing but largely neglected public health concern. The Asia Pacific region is home to over 20% of the global MDW population. Living and working conditions, social contexts, political environments, and migration regimes are recognized as consequential to the health of this population, but currently no synthesis of available literature to prioritize research or polic…
Stressful Neighborhoods and Depression
Quantitative and qualitative research suggests that urban disadvantaged environments may be highly stressful to their inhabitants. Social disorganization may be deleterious to both physical and mental health. The relationships among perceptions of one's neighborhood, measures of social support and social integration, and level of subsequent depressive symptoms was examined with a community sample of 818 individuals screened for an HIV prevention …
Pathways to depression
Norms, social networks, and HIV-related risk behaviors among urban disadvantaged drug users
Trust in a Covid-19 vaccine in the U.S
Neighborhoods and HIV
Neighborhood factors have been linked to HIV risk behaviors, HIV counseling and testing, and HIV medical care. However, the social-psychological mechanisms that connect neighborhood factors to HIV-related behaviors have not been fully determined. In this article we review the research on neighborhood factors and HIV-related behaviors, approaches to measuring neighborhoods, and mechanisms that may help to explain how the physical and social enviro…
Individual‐level influences on perceptions of neighborhood disorder
Health outcomes are associated with aggregate neighborhood measures and individual neighborhood perceptions. In this study, the authors sought to delineate individual, social network, and spatial factors that may influence perceptions of neighborhood disorder. Multilevel regression analysis showed that neighborhood perceptions were more negative in neighborhoods with higher crime reports. Controlling for neighborhood crime, higher perceptions of …
Talking the talk, walking the walk
The efficacy of a network intervention to reduce HIV risk behaviors among drug users and risk partners in Chiang Mai, Thailand and Philadelphia, USA
Residential Transience and Depression
Sexual Identity, Stigma, and Depression
Social Network Characteristics and HIV Sexual Risk Behavior among Urban African American Women
Effects of Race, Neighborhood, and Social Network on Age at Initiation of Injection Drug Use
Objectives. We investigated individual- and neighborhood-level factors associated with adolescent initiation of injection drug use. Methods. Injection drug users (IDUs) who had been injecting 2 to 5 years underwent HIV testing and completed a sociobehavioral risk survey. Modeling techniques accounting for intraneighborhood correlations were used in data analyses. Results. Adolescent-initiating IDUs were less likely than adult-initiating IDUs to r…
Evaluation of a peer network intervention trial among young methamphetamine users in Chiang Mai, Thailand
The long‐term outcome of a personal network‐oriented HIV prevention intervention for injection drug users
Social influence processes have been found to affect numerous drug and health‐related behaviors. We postulated that by using a network‐oriented intervention it may be possible to capitalize on social influence processes to reduce human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) risk behaviors. The present study used an experimental study design for delivering a psychoeducational acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) preventive intervention to injection dru…
Boredom in Young Adults
Little research has been done on boredom within or across cultures. The authors carried out comparisons of college students in Australia, Hong Kong, Lebanon and the United States with the Boredom Proneness (BP) Scale. A principal component analysis of the four samples revealed similar factor loadings and alpha coefficients. An ANOVA among groups showed a significant main effect of culture. A gender effect was also significant. Australian and U.S.…
Gender Differences in Social Network Influence among Injection Drug Users
Connection, meaning, and distraction
The role of neighborhoods in shaping perceived norms
Gender differences in the initiation of injection drug use among young adults
Correlates of needle sharing among injection drug users
OBJECTIVES. The sharing of contaminated injection equipment is the primary mode of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) transmission for injection drug users. This study examined demographic factors, life events, and drug use practices that are potential risk factors for sharing injection equipment. METHODS. Between February 1988 and March 1989, 2921 active injection drug users were interviewed and questioned about their backgrounds, life-styles, a…
The Relationship between Drug User Stigma and Depression among Inner-City Drug Users in Baltimore, MD
Differences in the Social Networks of African American Men Who Have Sex With Men Only and Those Who Have Sex With Men and Women
Objectives. We compared social network characteristics of African American men who have sex with men only (MSMO) with social network characteristics of African American men who have sex with men and women (MSMW). Methods. Study participants were 234 African American men who have sex with men who completed a baseline social network assessment for a pilot behavioral HIV prevention intervention in Baltimore, Maryland, from 2006 through 2009. We surv…
Predictors of Early Initiation of Vaginal and Oral Sex Among Urban Young Adults in Baltimore, Maryland
Ethnographic Process Evaluation
This study demonstrates an ethnographically critically informed process evaluation of piloting an HIV intervention program targeting injection drug users. The authors used systematic ethnographic methods to identify and evaluate the factors that facilitated or inhibited message diffusion. Findings indicated that communication patterns and strategies advocated in training sessions did not translate immediately into the outreach encounter in the dr…
Rumor and gossip
(1999). Rumor and gossip: Social discourse on HIV and AIDS. Anthropology & Medicine: Vol. 6, No. 1, pp. 121-131
Who Lives in Utopia? A Brief Report on the Rajneeshpuram Research Project
Initial results are reported from a longitudinal study of Rajneeshpuram, the Oregon community founded by followers of Indian guru Bhagwan Shree Rajneesh. Demographic results indicate residents were young, predominantly white, well educated, and from middle- and upper-middle-class backgrounds. Psychological data indicate the presence of healthy self-perceptions: low levels of depression, high social support, and general life satisfaction. These da…
Gender roles in the experimental community
The Self-Concept of Rajneeshpuram Commune Members
This study reports on a long-term research project of the former, and controversial, Rajneeshpuram commune. This project (the only systematic empirical study of the group ever undertaken) began in 1982 and continued until the commune's demise in late 1985. The relationship between the individual member's psychological processes and the commune's belief system was examined through the assessment of member's self-concept. The Public, Private, and S…
From Device to Vice
Journal Article From Device to Vice: Social Control and Intergroup Conflict at Rajneeshpuram Get access Carl Latkin Carl Latkin Johns Hopkins University Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Sociology of Religion, Volume 52, Issue 4, Winter 1991, Pages 363–377, https://doi.org/10.2307/3710852 Published: 01 December 1991
Boredom in Young Adults
Little research has been done on boredom within or across cultures. The authors carried out comparisons of college students in Australia, Hong Kong, Lebanon and the United States with the Boredom Proneness (BP) Scale. A principal component analysis of the four samples revealed similar factor loadings and alpha coefficients. An ANOVA among groups showed a significant main effect of culture. A gender effect was also significant. Australian and U.S.…
Seeing Red
Journal Article Seeing Red: A Social-Psychological Analysis of the Rajneeshpuram Conflict Get access Carl Latkin Carl Latkin Johns Hopkins University Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Sociology of Religion, Volume 53, Issue 3, Fall 1992, Pages 257–271, https://doi.org/10.2307/3711703 Published: 01 October 1992
Coping After the Fall
The effects of new religious movements on the mental health of their members are not well understood. In particular, the psychological aftereffects following disaffiliation are controversial. This study examined the psychological well-being of former members of the Rajneeshpuram commune, who relocated after the community disbanded. A mail survey was returned by 231 former Rajneeshpuram residents and 53 university alumni. Respondents reported a ra…
Pitfalls and pratfalls in research on an experimental community
A community psychology perspective guided a field study of the social-psychological aspects of the experimental community of Rajneeshpuram, Oregon. This natural experiment illustrates methodological and theoretical challenges to research on the community level. Entry into the community and the building of rapport was a slow and dynamic process, carried out by several methods, such as feedback from respondents, focus groups, and new approaches to …
My place, your place, and no place
Information is sparse on the social context of illicit drug injection behaviors and their relationship to HIV infection. This study examined relationships between injection settings, injecting with others, and HIV risk behaviors of sharing needles and not cleaning contaminated needles in a sample of 630 inner‐city injecting drug users in Baltimore, MD. Through open‐ended interviews, five primary settings of injection behavior were identified. The…
Correlates of needle sharing among injection drug users
OBJECTIVES. The sharing of contaminated injection equipment is the primary mode of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) transmission for injection drug users. This study examined demographic factors, life events, and drug use practices that are potential risk factors for sharing injection equipment. METHODS. Between February 1988 and March 1989, 2921 active injection drug users were interviewed and questioned about their backgrounds, life-styles, a…
Feelings after the Fall
The commune of the disciples of Bhagwan Shree Rajneesh, Rajneeshpuram, Oregon disbanded in the fall of 1985. This study examined former Rajneeshpuram residents' affiliation with the movement and personal relationship with Rajneesh 16 to 24 months after they had departed. Two mail surveys were completed by 231 former residents. Respondents continued to affiliate with the movement, and their attitudes toward their experience of living at Rajneeshpu…
Using social network analysis to study patterns of drug use among urban drug users at high risk for HIV/Aids
Few studies have examined the current social relationships of injecting drug users. This paper examines the structural and relationship characteristics of the social networks of injecting drug users, and the relation of social network characteristics to the HIV infection risk behavior of frequency of injecting heroin and cocaine. The study sample was comprised of 293 inner city injecting drug users in Baltimore, Maryland. Most participants (89%) …
Personal network characteristics as antecedents to needle-sharing and shooting gallery attendance
Sharing of contaminated needles is one of the primary modes of HIV transmission in the US. This study sought to examine social contextual factors antecedent to needle-sharing in a sample of inner-city drug users in Baltimore, Maryland. Drug users' social context was assessed through an analysis of individual's personal networks. The sample, 330 individuals participating in an HIV-prevention study, were interviewed twice, an average of 5.2 months …
Cross-cultural prevention program transfer
New Directions in Applying Psychological Theory to the Study of New Religions
The research of Richardson and his colleagues is affirmed. The overwhelming conclusion of investigations has demonstrated that members of new religions are not, as a group, psychopathological. There is little evidence that entrance into these groups has been due to coercive persuasion. However, future studies should use more sensitive measures to assess attitude and behavior change. The relative weight of selection versus socialization in joining…
People and Places
Sharing of contaminated needles constitutes one of the primary modes of HIV transmission in the U.S. This study examined social and environmental factors as possible correlates of needle sharing in a sample of inner-city drug users in Baltimore, Maryland. Drug users' social context was assessed through an analysis of personal networks, and the environmental context of drug use was assessed through a delineation of injection settings. The 330 resp…
The long‐term outcome of a personal network‐oriented HIV prevention intervention for injection drug users
Social influence processes have been found to affect numerous drug and health‐related behaviors. We postulated that by using a network‐oriented intervention it may be possible to capitalize on social influence processes to reduce human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) risk behaviors. The present study used an experimental study design for delivering a psychoeducational acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) preventive intervention to injection dru…
Depressive Symptoms and HIV-Risk Behavior in Inner-City Users of Drug Injections
The association of HIV risk-taking behavior with frequency of depressive symptoms varied by specific risk behavior and amount of harm reduction of behavior of men and women (N = 642), 80% of whom were African-American
A Qualitative Exploratory Study of Injection Drug Users' Participation in a Long-Term Epidemiological Study of HIV
Rumor and gossip
(1999). Rumor and gossip: Social discourse on HIV and AIDS. Anthropology & Medicine: Vol. 6, No. 1, pp. 121-131
HIV and Depressive Symptoms Among Low-Income Illicit Drug Users
Gender differences in the initiation of injection drug use among young adults
Longitudinal predictors of depressive symptoms among low income injection drug users
Effects of changes in physical health status and drug use, and prior social support on depressive symptoms were assessed in low income injection drug users. Data are from participants (n = 503) enrolled at baseline (1994-1995) who remained at one-year follow-up (79%), of whom 37% were HIV-positive and 36% female. Physical health was measured by HIV symptoms, AIDS, CD4 count and functional limitation (IADLs). One-third scored high on depressive sy…
Social Factors Related to Antiretroviral Therapy Use in Injection Drug Users
Injection Drug Users' Disclosure of HIV Seropositive Status to Network Members
Medicine (362 obras) · Psychology (238 obras) · Psychiatry (208 obras) · Environmental health (198 obras) · HIV, Drug Use, Sexual Risk (185 obras) · HIV/AIDS Research and Interventions (174 obras) · Family medicine (147 obras) · Demography (144 obras) · Public health (130 obras) · Demography (114 obras)