Sandrine Prat
Biographic Data
| ID | 633490 |
|---|---|
| NAME | Sandrine Prat |
| GIVEN NAMES | Sandrine |
| FAMILY NAME | Prat |
| SIGNATURE | PRAT S |
| AFFILIATIONS | Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique |
| ORCID | 0000-0003-3024-1959 |
| VERIFIED | Yes |
| TOTAL WORKS | 36 |
| TOTAL CITATIONS | 65 |
| AUTHOR COUNT | 36 |
| EDITOR COUNT | 0 |
| FIRST PUBLICATION YEAR | 1997 |
| LATEST PUBLICATION YEAR | 2026 |
| H-INDEX | 5 |
The Omo-Turkana Basin fossil record as a milestone toward a comprehensive database of the hominin fossil record online
Taphonomic approach of Gravettian mortuary practices
Gudrun Corvinus’ Personal and Scientific Experiences in the International Afar Research Expedition, Ethiopia, 1973-1975
In the years 2024 and 2025, the Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle in Paris received a collection of more than 1,000 written documents and photographs collected by Gudrun Corvinus between 1973 and 1975, when she was a member of the International Afar Research Expedition (1972-1977). During these expeditions, major fossils were discovered, including the iconic “Lucy” (Australopithecus afarensis) and what until recently were the oldest stone tool…
Virtual reconstruction and geometric morphometric analysis of the Kocabaş fossil hominin from Turkey and implications for taxonomy and evolutionary significance
Analyse cladistique des dents et mandibules humaines du Pléistocène moyen en Europe et au Levant
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The hominin fossil record of the Omo-Turkana Basin
The Omo-Turkana Basin is one of three major regions for the study of hominin evolution in Africa. It has yielded a rich hominin fossil record of 1231 specimens, around a third of the record for the whole of Africa for the period from the Messinian through the Calabrian. Here, we consider the fossil hominin record of the Omo-Turkana Basin as an object of study in its own right and show the contribution that an analysis of such an exhaustive record…
Évolution des hominines dans les paysages changeants du Rift Est Africain
En Afrique orientale, la période de transition Pliocène-Pléistocène est remarquable du point de vue paléoanthropologique puisqu’elle correspond à la fois à plusieurs évènements majeurs : 1) la disparition des australopithèques et l’apparition des genres Homo et Paranthropus, et 2) la première expansion des hominines en Eurasie peu après. Cependant, la compréhension des modalités de dispersion et de diversification des hominines africains bute sur…
Qui sont les artisans des artefacts lithiques et osseux au Pléistocène inférieur en Afrique ? Regards croisés entre anatomie et données de terrain
International audience
Ormagi Ekhi (Georgia) and Middle Palaeolithic occupations in South Caucasus
New excavations at Ormagi Ekhi in Georgia have revealed long-term hominin occupations during the Middle Palaeolithic (260-45 ka cal BP). Here, the authors present an overview of data from multidisciplinary analyses of the site, highlighting its potential for widening our understanding of hominin occupations in the South Caucasus
Aridity, availability of drinking water and freshwater foods, and hominin and archeological sites during the Late Pliocene–Early Pleistocene in the western region of the Turkana Basin (Kenya)
Le registre d'hominines fossiles du bassin de l'Omo-Turkana
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Beyond the genus stereotype. Who were the first toolmarkers in Africa? Crossed views between archaeology and anatomy
Cost-benefit trade-offs of aquatic resource exploitation in the context of hominin evolution
Several primate species have been reported to exploit aquatic fauna and flora in coastal, riverine and lacustrine habitats. Nevertheless, the evolutionary scenarios and mechanisms behind the emergence of this behavior in both human and non-human primates remain largely overlooked in the literature. Yet, this issue is particularly important for our understanding of human evolution, as hominins represent the primate group with the highest degree of…
Emergence of the genus Homo
Early Pleistocene hominin subsistence behaviors in South Africa
Professeur Yves Coppens (1934-2022), un ambassadeur du Rift est-africain
C’est avec une vive émotion que nous avons appris la disparition du Professeur Yves Coppens le 22 juin 2022 à l’âge de 87 ans. Nous souhaitons lui rendre un dernier hommage dans ces quelques lignes. Figure 1 Yves Coppens et le crâne de Mrs Ples dans les collections du Ditsong Museum of Natural History (Pretoria) en 2007 Brigitte Senut Chercheur au CNRS à la Sorbonne dès 1956 puis Professeur au Muséum national d’Histoire naturelle de 1963 jusqu’en…
Peut-on définir l'humanité ? Une perspective théorique et empirique
Qu’est-ce qu’un être humain ? À partir de quels critères peut-on le définir ? Et quid de la diversité humaine ? Existe-t-il une seule forme d’humanité ? Les humains sont-ils vraiment si particuliers parmi les êtres vivants ? Ces interrogations sur notre propre identité traversent les âges et les cultures, chaque société ayant tenté d’apporter des réponses par le prisme de la philosophie, l’art, la religion, la science ou la littérature. Et si on …
New evidence of bone tool use by Early Pleistocene hominins from Cooper’s D, Bloubank Valley, South Africa
Analyse de sensibilité à des changements morphologiques du complexe de l'épaule
Si la fabrication et l’utilisation d’outils lithiques ont incontestablement joué un rôle déterminant dans l’évolution des hominines, l’impact de tels comportements sur leur morphologie semble moins faire consensus. Toutefois, il semble que l’architecture et les proportions du complexe de l’épaule chez les premiers représentants du genre Homo aient pu avoir été contraintes par ces comportements. Afin de discuter des potentiels avantages adaptatifs…
Evolutionary perspective of the genus Homo
No consensus exists in human evolution research regarding the definition of genus Homo and its mode of evolution. Based on a database that comprises more than 350 characters scored on 22 hominin species from Late Miocene to Holocene, we address methodologically these two questions with a quantitative taxonomic approach that combines Maximum Parsimony (MP) phylogenetic reconstruction with a Phylogenetic Networks method. Based on tree-based MP, we …
Lake-level changes and hominin occupations in the arid Turkana basin during volcanic closure of the Omo River outflows to the Indian Ocean
In the East African Rift, the western margin of Lake Turkana (northern Kenya) exposes Mio-Plio-Pleistocene lake sediments with dated volcanic horizons constraining basin dynamics at the astronomical time scale. Since the late Pliocene, coastal archaeological sites have formed within the lacustrine dynamics. Here, lake levels are reconstructed from 2.4 to 1.7 Ma using sedimentary facies and water/depth-controlled sediment association. The lacustri…
Reply to Domínguez-Rodrigo and Alcalá
International audience
The First Anatomically Modern Humans from South-Eastern Europe. Contributions from the Buran-Kaya III Site (Crimea)
The arrival of modern humans into Europe, their dispersal and their potential interactions with Neanderthals are still in debate. Whereas the first appearance of anatomically modern humans in Western Europe seems to be well understood, the situation is quite different for Eastern Europe, where data are more scarce. The Buran-Kaya III site in Crimea is of key importance to understand the colonization of Europe by anatomically modern humans and the…
Reassessment of Anthropic Modifications on the Early Pleistocene Hominin Specimen Stw53 (Sterkfontein, South Africa)
Linear marks were observed on the maxillary zygomatic process of the early Pleistocene hominin fossil Stw53 from the Sterkfontein cave site. The taxonomic allocation of this specimen is still under debate, as it has been attributed either to the genusHomoorAustralopithecus. Two alternative hypotheses have been proposed regarding the taphonomic agent responsible for the linear marks observed on this specimen. These modifications were initially ass…
Biological Anthropology of the African Continent
International audience
The Middle to Upper Paleolithic Sequence of Buran-Kaya III (Crimea, Ukraine)
Buran-Kaya III is a rockshelter located in Crimea (Ukraine). It provides an exceptional stratigraphic sequence extending from the Middle Paleolithic to the Neolithic. Nine Paleolithic layers have been attributed to the Streletskaya or eastern Szeletian, Micoquian, Aurignacian, Gravettian, and Swiderian cultural traditions. Human remains from the richest Gravettian layer (6-1) are radiocarbon dated to 31.9 ka BP, and therefore represent, with Pete…
Les premiers représentants du genre Homo, en quête d’une identité. Apports de l’étude morphologique et de l’analyse cladistique
Il n’existe actuellement aucun consensus concernant la taxinomie et la constitution de l’hypodigme d’Homo habilis Leakey et al. 1964. Quatre hypothèses majeures sont aujourd’hui avancées à partir des restes crâniens et mandibulaires des spécimens attribués classiquement à Homo habilis sensu lato : (1) tous les spécimens appartiennent à un seul et même taxon : Homo habilis ; (2) deux espèces peuvent être identifiées dans ce groupe : Homo habilis s…
New evidence of bone tool use by Early Pleistocene hominins from Cooper’s D, Bloubank Valley, South Africa
Reply to Domínguez-Rodrigo and Alcalá
International audience
Problème taxinomique des premiers représentants du genre Homo. Études crâniennes des individus d'Olduvai et de Koobi Fora
Prat Sandrine. Problème taxinomique des premiers représentants du genre Homo. Études crâniennes des individus d'Olduvai et de Koobi Fora. In: Bulletins et Mémoires de la Société d'anthropologie de Paris, Nouvelle Série. Tome 9 fascicule 3-4, 1997. pp. 251-266
Early Pleistocene hominin subsistence behaviors in South Africa
Reassessment of Anthropic Modifications on the Early Pleistocene Hominin Specimen Stw53 (Sterkfontein, South Africa)
Linear marks were observed on the maxillary zygomatic process of the early Pleistocene hominin fossil Stw53 from the Sterkfontein cave site. The taxonomic allocation of this specimen is still under debate, as it has been attributed either to the genusHomoorAustralopithecus. Two alternative hypotheses have been proposed regarding the taphonomic agent responsible for the linear marks observed on this specimen. These modifications were initially ass…
Fossil hominins, quadrupedal primates and the origin of human bipedalism
This note illustrates the value of studying non-human primates, especially quadrupedal primates, in order to investigate the origins of human bipedalism. Two distinct hypotheses postulate that hominins and African great apes share a common ancestor predominantly engaged in specialized forms of locomotion, i.e., arboreal orthogrady (climbing or arboreal bipedalism) on the one hand and semiterrestrial locomotion (which includes climbing and quadrup…
Problème taxinomique des premiers représentants du genre Homo. Études crâniennes des individus d'Olduvai et de Koobi Fora
Prat Sandrine. Problème taxinomique des premiers représentants du genre Homo. Études crâniennes des individus d'Olduvai et de Koobi Fora. In: Bulletins et Mémoires de la Société d'anthropologie de Paris, Nouvelle Série. Tome 9 fascicule 3-4, 1997. pp. 251-266
Les sites archéologiques plio-pléistocènes de la formation de Nachukui, Ouest-Turkana, Kenya
La formation de Nachukui, dans l'Ouest-Turkana (Nord Kenya) est riche de nombreux sites archéologiques plio-pléistocènes. Les recherches menées par le West Turkana Archaeological Project permettent, dans une fenêtre chronologique allant de 2,35 Ma à 0,7 Ma, de documenter la diversité des techniques et les capacités cognitives qui les sous-tendent et, plus largement, l'évolution comportementale des hominidés sur plus d'un million et demi d'années,…
Les premiers représentants du genre Homo, en quête d’une identité. Apports de l’étude morphologique et de l’analyse cladistique
Il n’existe actuellement aucun consensus concernant la taxinomie et la constitution de l’hypodigme d’Homo habilis Leakey et al. 1964. Quatre hypothèses majeures sont aujourd’hui avancées à partir des restes crâniens et mandibulaires des spécimens attribués classiquement à Homo habilis sensu lato : (1) tous les spécimens appartiennent à un seul et même taxon : Homo habilis ; (2) deux espèces peuvent être identifiées dans ce groupe : Homo habilis s…
First occurrence of early Homo in the Nachukui Formation (West Turkana, Kenya) at 2.3-2.4Myr
Interpreting pachyderm single carcass sites in the African Lower and Early Middle Pleistocene record
The Quaternary boundary
The Quaternary, which is sometimes also termed the Anthropogene Period, often is linked to the beginning of humankind. But what exactly is the basis in the fossil hominin record for this link, in particular what is the early Homo evidence? Since 1999, debate concerning the definition of the genus Homo and the identification of its first members has intensified. At the centre of recent debates, there are four hypotheses: (1) all early Homo specime…
The Middle to Upper Paleolithic Sequence of Buran-Kaya III (Crimea, Ukraine)
Buran-Kaya III is a rockshelter located in Crimea (Ukraine). It provides an exceptional stratigraphic sequence extending from the Middle Paleolithic to the Neolithic. Nine Paleolithic layers have been attributed to the Streletskaya or eastern Szeletian, Micoquian, Aurignacian, Gravettian, and Swiderian cultural traditions. Human remains from the richest Gravettian layer (6-1) are radiocarbon dated to 31.9 ka BP, and therefore represent, with Pete…
Hommes et environnements au Paléolithique supérieur en Ukraine continentale et en Crimée
Stress physiologique et état de santé des plus anciens Hommes anatomiquement modernes du sud-est de l’Europe (données dentaires, couche 6-1, Buran-Kaya III, Crimée)
Fossil hominins, quadrupedal primates and the origin of human bipedalism
This note illustrates the value of studying non-human primates, especially quadrupedal primates, in order to investigate the origins of human bipedalism. Two distinct hypotheses postulate that hominins and African great apes share a common ancestor predominantly engaged in specialized forms of locomotion, i.e., arboreal orthogrady (climbing or arboreal bipedalism) on the one hand and semiterrestrial locomotion (which includes climbing and quadrup…
Hommes et environnements au Paléolithique supérieur en Ukraine
The First Anatomically Modern Humans from South-Eastern Europe. Contributions from the Buran-Kaya III Site (Crimea)
The arrival of modern humans into Europe, their dispersal and their potential interactions with Neanderthals are still in debate. Whereas the first appearance of anatomically modern humans in Western Europe seems to be well understood, the situation is quite different for Eastern Europe, where data are more scarce. The Buran-Kaya III site in Crimea is of key importance to understand the colonization of Europe by anatomically modern humans and the…
Reassessment of Anthropic Modifications on the Early Pleistocene Hominin Specimen Stw53 (Sterkfontein, South Africa)
Linear marks were observed on the maxillary zygomatic process of the early Pleistocene hominin fossil Stw53 from the Sterkfontein cave site. The taxonomic allocation of this specimen is still under debate, as it has been attributed either to the genusHomoorAustralopithecus. Two alternative hypotheses have been proposed regarding the taphonomic agent responsible for the linear marks observed on this specimen. These modifications were initially ass…
Biological Anthropology of the African Continent
International audience
Lake-level changes and hominin occupations in the arid Turkana basin during volcanic closure of the Omo River outflows to the Indian Ocean
In the East African Rift, the western margin of Lake Turkana (northern Kenya) exposes Mio-Plio-Pleistocene lake sediments with dated volcanic horizons constraining basin dynamics at the astronomical time scale. Since the late Pliocene, coastal archaeological sites have formed within the lacustrine dynamics. Here, lake levels are reconstructed from 2.4 to 1.7 Ma using sedimentary facies and water/depth-controlled sediment association. The lacustri…
Reply to Domínguez-Rodrigo and Alcalá
International audience
New evidence of bone tool use by Early Pleistocene hominins from Cooper’s D, Bloubank Valley, South Africa
Analyse de sensibilité à des changements morphologiques du complexe de l'épaule
Si la fabrication et l’utilisation d’outils lithiques ont incontestablement joué un rôle déterminant dans l’évolution des hominines, l’impact de tels comportements sur leur morphologie semble moins faire consensus. Toutefois, il semble que l’architecture et les proportions du complexe de l’épaule chez les premiers représentants du genre Homo aient pu avoir été contraintes par ces comportements. Afin de discuter des potentiels avantages adaptatifs…
Evolutionary perspective of the genus Homo
No consensus exists in human evolution research regarding the definition of genus Homo and its mode of evolution. Based on a database that comprises more than 350 characters scored on 22 hominin species from Late Miocene to Holocene, we address methodologically these two questions with a quantitative taxonomic approach that combines Maximum Parsimony (MP) phylogenetic reconstruction with a Phylogenetic Networks method. Based on tree-based MP, we …
Emergence of the genus Homo
Early Pleistocene hominin subsistence behaviors in South Africa
Professeur Yves Coppens (1934-2022), un ambassadeur du Rift est-africain
C’est avec une vive émotion que nous avons appris la disparition du Professeur Yves Coppens le 22 juin 2022 à l’âge de 87 ans. Nous souhaitons lui rendre un dernier hommage dans ces quelques lignes. Figure 1 Yves Coppens et le crâne de Mrs Ples dans les collections du Ditsong Museum of Natural History (Pretoria) en 2007 Brigitte Senut Chercheur au CNRS à la Sorbonne dès 1956 puis Professeur au Muséum national d’Histoire naturelle de 1963 jusqu’en…
Peut-on définir l'humanité ? Une perspective théorique et empirique
Qu’est-ce qu’un être humain ? À partir de quels critères peut-on le définir ? Et quid de la diversité humaine ? Existe-t-il une seule forme d’humanité ? Les humains sont-ils vraiment si particuliers parmi les êtres vivants ? Ces interrogations sur notre propre identité traversent les âges et les cultures, chaque société ayant tenté d’apporter des réponses par le prisme de la philosophie, l’art, la religion, la science ou la littérature. Et si on …
Beyond the genus stereotype. Who were the first toolmarkers in Africa? Crossed views between archaeology and anatomy
Cost-benefit trade-offs of aquatic resource exploitation in the context of hominin evolution
Several primate species have been reported to exploit aquatic fauna and flora in coastal, riverine and lacustrine habitats. Nevertheless, the evolutionary scenarios and mechanisms behind the emergence of this behavior in both human and non-human primates remain largely overlooked in the literature. Yet, this issue is particularly important for our understanding of human evolution, as hominins represent the primate group with the highest degree of…
Pleistocene-Era Hominins and Archaeology (31 works) · Geography (22 works) · Forensic Anthropology and Bioarchaeology Studies (19 works) · Archaeology (14 works) · Biology (13 works) · Evolution and Paleontology Studies (13 works) · Paleontology (13 works) · Geology (12 works) · Paleontology (11 works) · Primate Behavior and Ecology (11 works)