Francisco Garrido
Biographic Data
| ID | 634751 |
|---|---|
| NAME | Francisco Garrido |
| GIVEN NAMES | Francisco |
| FAMILY NAME | Garrido |
| SIGNATURE | GARRIDO F |
| AFFILIATIONS | National Monuments Council |
| ORCID | 0000-0001-8979-2670 |
| VERIFIED | Yes |
| TOTAL WORKS | 28 |
| TOTAL CITATIONS | 60 |
| AUTHOR COUNT | 27 |
| EDITOR COUNT | 1 |
| FIRST PUBLICATION YEAR | 1993 |
| LATEST PUBLICATION YEAR | 2026 |
| H-INDEX | 4 |
Experimental approach to copper production in the Southern Andes: Towards a better understanding of technical processes
Extractive metallurgy operations using various types of copper ore have been carried out at the experimental archaeology platform at Melle (France) for several years. The heating structure used for these experiments is as simple as possible, considering the variety of remains from Southern Andean pre-Columbian archaeological sites where copper was produced, for which experimental archaeology work is still relatively rare. A study on recycling was…
A Dangerous Trade: Traumatic Injuries Likely Sustained From Turquoise Mining a Millenia Ago in the Atacama Desert, Chile
This study presents the analysis of a naturally mummified adult male recovered from a cemetery located adjacent to the Las Turquesas mine in the Atacama Desert. A radiocarbon date of 1140 ± 20 bp (UGAMS 73501), calibrated to 894–1016 ad , places this individual at the beginning of the Late Intermediate Period. A CT scan examination revealed evidence of a lethal traumatic injury; however, the individual was recovered by his community and buried ac…
A case of disability and care during Inca times
A Chronological Model for Inca Provincial Expansion: The Case of the Copiapo Valley
This article examines a new dataset of radiocarbon dates that provides insights into the progressive installation of Inca infrastructure in the Copiapo Valley, situated at the southern edge of the Atacama Desert in northern Chile. It shows that the Inca imperial expansion in this region was not a linear process and was likely shaped by local negotiations and conflicts. The findings describe three main stages of Inca expansion. The first is the co…
Primeras aproximaciones a los sistemas prehispánicos de abastecimiento de materias primas líticas en la cuenca del río Copiapó
La organización tecnológica y los sistemas de aprovisionamiento lítico constituyen fenómenos relevantes para la comprensión de las dinámicas socioeconómicas de comunidades prehispánicas. Pese a su importancia, su abordaje ha sido escaso en el norte semiárido y particularmente en la cuenca del río Copiapó. Todo lo anterior redunda en un conocimiento aún insuficiente de los sistemas de asentamiento y movilidad, así como de la organización socioespa…
La Puerta Fundición: Un sitio metalúrgico temprano en el valle de Copiapó, Región de Atacama, Norte de Chile
Este trabajo presenta las evidencias más tempranas de metalurgia en el valle de Copiapó, Región de Atacama, norte de Chile, correspondientes al sitio La Puerta Fundición. Nuevos fechados radiocarbónicos y el análisis de minerales, escorias y objetos de metal revelan que las comunidades Molle desarrollaron técnicas para extraer cobre desde el período Alfarero Temprano (1-800 d.C.). Los metalurgistas alcanzaron temperaturas entre 1.000-1.100 oC, co…
Establishing Colonial Rule in a Frontier Encomienda: Chile's Copiapó Valley Under Francisco De Aguirre and His Kin, 1549-1580 - Corrigendum
Establishing Colonial Rule in a Frontier Encomienda: Chile’s Copiapó Valley under Francisco de Aguirre and His Kin, 1549–1580
This article explores how Francisco de Aguirre used the Copiapó Valley encomienda to negotiate political power during the transition from conquest to colonial rule in northern Chile. Simultaneously, we analyze the circumstances of how a native society was incorporated into the Spanish Empire after a decade of fighting and resistance on the fringes of the empire. The strategic use of the fear of native rebellions to close the road from Peru to Chi…
Historias Naturales, expediciones, redes globales y Museos de Historia Natural en Chile (siglos XVIII-XIX)
Los museos de Historia Natural en Chile han sido objeto creciente de interés histórico al tratarse de instituciones estrechamente vinculadas a la formación del estado-nación y protagonistas de la configuración de una cultura científica en el país. En las últimas décadas, su historia se ha abordado desde diversos enfoques. Las nuevas aproximaciones historiográficas van dejando atrás, de manera gradual, una historia fuertemente relacionada con el s…
Imperial ritual appropriation and violence: The severed heads from Fiambalá and Copiapó during Inca times
The appropriation of local ritual practices and their expansion as part of the Inca imperial ideology is a well-documented mode of dominance in the Central Andes. However, there is still no relevant evidence on how it worked in the southern areas of the empire. We show how the Incas might have appropriated some local ritual practices that consisted of burying caches of skulls with perforations, possibly associated with ancestor veneration cults. …
Antigüedades prehispánicas peruanas en la creación de una "prehistoria" chilena: El caso de la colección Sáenz
En 1895, Nicolás Sáenz propuso al gobierno chileno la venta de una colección de objetos "incaicos" traídos desde Lima; adquisición aprobada en 1897. Pese a las dificultades ocasionadas por la Guerra del Pacífico, el Museo Nacional (Chile) continuó adquiriendo antigüedades peruanas, siguiendo una tradición de estudios comparados de cultura material. Dentro del marco del evolucionismo social, estas antigüedades servían como medida de civilización, …
Physical Environment vs. Social Environment: What Factors of Age-Friendliness Predict Subjective Well-Being in Men and Women
"Age-Friendly Cities and Communities" is an initiative launched by the WHO in 2007 that has spread to more than 1000 cities and communities around the world. This initiative is based on an integrated physical and social environment for older people, and a model of participatory, collaborative governance. An enabling social environment setting is just as important as material conditions in determining well-being in later life. The objective of thi…
Modernizing a nation through its radio and television industry: RCA Victor in Chile, 1928-1973
The RCA Victor company in Chile portrayed itself as a participant in the nation’s progress. Its success was part of a larger governmental plan to boost the industrial capacities of the country, during a period marked by political polarization and extensive demographic changes in terms of rural to urban migration, the formation of a working middle class, and greater investment in education. Their electronic devices were intimately linked to this b…
Dynamics of indigenous identification and performance in the early twentieth century: The life and performances of Chief Caupolican as Mapuche and immigrant (1876–1968)
Chief Caupolican is Emile Barrangon, an early 20th-century performer in the US who was born in Chile to an indigenous Mapuche father and a French mother. Despite his fame, he has not yet been included in studies on indigenous agency in Native American representations, likely because of his immigrant origins. We situate his indigenous self-identification and media success within the broader context of ongoing pan-indigenous activism in the country…
Provincial Inca metallurgy in northern Chile: New data for the Viña del Cerro smelting site
Falsificaciones y arqueología: Ricardo Latcham, la escritura prehispánica y los piratas de Guayacán
Este artculo aborda el rol de las falsificaciones arqueolgicas en la construccin del conocimiento y narrativas sobre el pasado, a partir del presunto descubrimiento de escritura prehispnica por el arquelogo Ricardo E. Latcham en
Adaptive Strategies during Times of Conflict and Transformation: Copiapó Valley under the Spanish Conquest in the Sixteenth Century
This article explores the changes and adaptation of warfare strategies in indigenous societies during the Spanish conquest, through a case study of Copiapó valley in northern Chile. Using ethnohistorical and archaeological data, it explores the experiences and actions of collective agents who transformed their warfare practices and social alliances in order to fight for their autonomy and survival. The Copiapó people transformed from a society ch…
El oasis de Quillagua, la frontera interior: Tres siglos de arqueología (desierto de Atacama, norte de Chile)
Displays of Violence and Power at the Edge of the Empire: Provincial Trophy Heads during Inca Times
The Inca expansion to the southern Andes catalyzed important political and symbolic changes in local communities. In addition to economic changes in mining production and the installation of logistical and administrative infrastructure, new forms of ideological violence emerged in the Copiapó Valley, Chile. One new form was the display and discarding of human heads, a burial pattern unprecedented in the region. In this article, we present evidenc…
Los nuevos sujetos imperiales del valle de Copiapó: Estilos Diaguita e Inca local en los pucos del período Tardío regional
During the Inca imperial expansion, new kinds of pottery forms and styles appeared inCopiapó valley. Besides the presence of new pots such as aríbalos, aisanas, and shallow plates,local unrestricted and simple profile pots persisted. Furthermore, their designs incorporated amix of locally re-interpreted Diaguita-Inca styles.This paper is based on the morphological and stylistic analysis of pots from museumcollections, which came from Copiapó coas…
Una relectura de la cronología de los incas de la Miscelánea antártica de Miguel Cabello Valboa (1586)
El presente artículo propone una lectura de la cronología de los incas presente en la Miscelánea antártica (1586) de Miguel Cabello Valboa a la luz de nueva evidencia histórica y textual. La crónica de Cabello ofrece años concretos asociados a la duración y expansión del Tawantinsuyu, razón por la cual fue utilizada por John Rowe (1945) para construir una cronología absoluta para el incario. No obstante el trabajo de Rowe ha sido cuestionado en l…
Comunidades mineras prehispánicas de pequeña escala y sus ventajas económicas y logísticas derivadas de su conectividad con el Qhapaq Ñan, desierto de Atacama, norte de Chile
The construction and imposition of the Inca road infrastructure in the Atacama Desert incorporated new territories and subjects to the empire, but could not generate full control over the economy of mining communities present in it. This article examines how the Qhapaq Ñan influenced pre - existing mining activities dedicated to lapidary and pigments, acting as an unexpected growth factor. In this case, pre-hispanic small - scale miners relocated…
A handheld XRF study of Late Horizon metal artifacts: Implications for technological choices and political intervention in Copiapó, northern Chile
Imperial Expansion and Local Agency: A Case Study of Labor Organization Under Inca Rule
Imperial expansion can produce broad economic intensification throughout the provinces to provide key economic resources for the state. However, not all such economic intensification is the direct result of the imposition of an imperial political economy over subject populations. This article presents evidence for some cases where intensification occurred due to bottom-up responses of small groups that were able to profit from imperial conquest. …
Rethinking imperial infrastructure: A bottom-up perspective on the Inca Road
Imperial Expansion and Local Agency: A Case Study of Labor Organization Under Inca Rule
Imperial expansion can produce broad economic intensification throughout the provinces to provide key economic resources for the state. However, not all such economic intensification is the direct result of the imposition of an imperial political economy over subject populations. This article presents evidence for some cases where intensification occurred due to bottom-up responses of small groups that were able to profit from imperial conquest. …
A handheld XRF study of Late Horizon metal artifacts: Implications for technological choices and political intervention in Copiapó, northern Chile
Displays of Violence and Power at the Edge of the Empire: Provincial Trophy Heads during Inca Times
The Inca expansion to the southern Andes catalyzed important political and symbolic changes in local communities. In addition to economic changes in mining production and the installation of logistical and administrative infrastructure, new forms of ideological violence emerged in the Copiapó Valley, Chile. One new form was the display and discarding of human heads, a burial pattern unprecedented in the region. In this article, we present evidenc…
Adaptive Strategies during Times of Conflict and Transformation: Copiapó Valley under the Spanish Conquest in the Sixteenth Century
This article explores the changes and adaptation of warfare strategies in indigenous societies during the Spanish conquest, through a case study of Copiapó valley in northern Chile. Using ethnohistorical and archaeological data, it explores the experiences and actions of collective agents who transformed their warfare practices and social alliances in order to fight for their autonomy and survival. The Copiapó people transformed from a society ch…
Imperial ritual appropriation and violence: The severed heads from Fiambalá and Copiapó during Inca times
The appropriation of local ritual practices and their expansion as part of the Inca imperial ideology is a well-documented mode of dominance in the Central Andes. However, there is still no relevant evidence on how it worked in the southern areas of the empire. We show how the Incas might have appropriated some local ritual practices that consisted of burying caches of skulls with perforations, possibly associated with ancestor veneration cults. …
Provincial Inca metallurgy in northern Chile: New data for the Viña del Cerro smelting site
Comunidades mineras prehispánicas de pequeña escala y sus ventajas económicas y logísticas derivadas de su conectividad con el Qhapaq Ñan, desierto de Atacama, norte de Chile
The construction and imposition of the Inca road infrastructure in the Atacama Desert incorporated new territories and subjects to the empire, but could not generate full control over the economy of mining communities present in it. This article examines how the Qhapaq Ñan influenced pre - existing mining activities dedicated to lapidary and pigments, acting as an unexpected growth factor. In this case, pre-hispanic small - scale miners relocated…
Efraín Band y los inicios de la fonografía en Chile
El presente artculo es un estudio historiogrfico basado en fuentes documentales sobre los primeros treinta aos de desarrollo de la produccin fonogrfica en Chile. Aborda la comercializacin de las primeras grabaciones de msicos y artistas chilenos realizadas por el inmigrante ruso Efran Band Blumenzweig, para lo cual cre una empresa fonogrfica grabadora y comercializadora, que llev por nombre "Fonografa Artstica". La fonografa chilena comienza a fo…
A Dangerous Trade: Traumatic Injuries Likely Sustained From Turquoise Mining a Millenia Ago in the Atacama Desert, Chile
This study presents the analysis of a naturally mummified adult male recovered from a cemetery located adjacent to the Las Turquesas mine in the Atacama Desert. A radiocarbon date of 1140 ± 20 bp (UGAMS 73501), calibrated to 894–1016 ad , places this individual at the beginning of the Late Intermediate Period. A CT scan examination revealed evidence of a lethal traumatic injury; however, the individual was recovered by his community and buried ac…
A Chronological Model for Inca Provincial Expansion: The Case of the Copiapo Valley
This article examines a new dataset of radiocarbon dates that provides insights into the progressive installation of Inca infrastructure in the Copiapo Valley, situated at the southern edge of the Atacama Desert in northern Chile. It shows that the Inca imperial expansion in this region was not a linear process and was likely shaped by local negotiations and conflicts. The findings describe three main stages of Inca expansion. The first is the co…
Antigüedades prehispánicas peruanas en la creación de una "prehistoria" chilena: El caso de la colección Sáenz
En 1895, Nicolás Sáenz propuso al gobierno chileno la venta de una colección de objetos "incaicos" traídos desde Lima; adquisición aprobada en 1897. Pese a las dificultades ocasionadas por la Guerra del Pacífico, el Museo Nacional (Chile) continuó adquiriendo antigüedades peruanas, siguiendo una tradición de estudios comparados de cultura material. Dentro del marco del evolucionismo social, estas antigüedades servían como medida de civilización, …
Una relectura de la cronología de los incas de la Miscelánea antártica de Miguel Cabello Valboa (1586)
El presente artículo propone una lectura de la cronología de los incas presente en la Miscelánea antártica (1586) de Miguel Cabello Valboa a la luz de nueva evidencia histórica y textual. La crónica de Cabello ofrece años concretos asociados a la duración y expansión del Tawantinsuyu, razón por la cual fue utilizada por John Rowe (1945) para construir una cronología absoluta para el incario. No obstante el trabajo de Rowe ha sido cuestionado en l…
Parental alcohol consumption and postneonatal mortality
The purpose of this study was to evaluate the role of maternal and paternal alcohol consumption as independent risk factors in postneonatal mortality. Questions on the frequency and quantity of alcoholic drinks consumed were included in a questionnaire used as part of a case‐control study. Over a period of 11 months the families of 157 cases and 468 controls, matched for age and locality, were interviewed. Odds ratios and 95% confidence intervals…
Efraín Band y los inicios de la fonografía en Chile
El presente artculo es un estudio historiogrfico basado en fuentes documentales sobre los primeros treinta aos de desarrollo de la produccin fonogrfica en Chile. Aborda la comercializacin de las primeras grabaciones de msicos y artistas chilenos realizadas por el inmigrante ruso Efran Band Blumenzweig, para lo cual cre una empresa fonogrfica grabadora y comercializadora, que llev por nombre "Fonografa Artstica". La fonografa chilena comienza a fo…
Rethinking imperial infrastructure: A bottom-up perspective on the Inca Road
Son las mujeres más sensibles a los derechos de los animales? Sobre los vínculos entre el animalismo y el feminismo
En este trabajo se analizan, por una parte, los datos sobre la presencia de las mujeres en los movimientos de derechos de los animales en el estado español; por otro lado, tratamos de encontrar marcos explicativos que aclaren cuál es el vínculo que conecta la sensibilidad feminista con la sensibilidad animalista. Hemos realizado un sondeo sobre el porcentaje de mujeres entre los miembros de las organizaciones animalistas más importantes de España…
Una relectura de la cronología de los incas de la Miscelánea antártica de Miguel Cabello Valboa (1586)
El presente artículo propone una lectura de la cronología de los incas presente en la Miscelánea antártica (1586) de Miguel Cabello Valboa a la luz de nueva evidencia histórica y textual. La crónica de Cabello ofrece años concretos asociados a la duración y expansión del Tawantinsuyu, razón por la cual fue utilizada por John Rowe (1945) para construir una cronología absoluta para el incario. No obstante el trabajo de Rowe ha sido cuestionado en l…
Comunidades mineras prehispánicas de pequeña escala y sus ventajas económicas y logísticas derivadas de su conectividad con el Qhapaq Ñan, desierto de Atacama, norte de Chile
The construction and imposition of the Inca road infrastructure in the Atacama Desert incorporated new territories and subjects to the empire, but could not generate full control over the economy of mining communities present in it. This article examines how the Qhapaq Ñan influenced pre - existing mining activities dedicated to lapidary and pigments, acting as an unexpected growth factor. In this case, pre-hispanic small - scale miners relocated…
A handheld XRF study of Late Horizon metal artifacts: Implications for technological choices and political intervention in Copiapó, northern Chile
Imperial Expansion and Local Agency: A Case Study of Labor Organization Under Inca Rule
Imperial expansion can produce broad economic intensification throughout the provinces to provide key economic resources for the state. However, not all such economic intensification is the direct result of the imposition of an imperial political economy over subject populations. This article presents evidence for some cases where intensification occurred due to bottom-up responses of small groups that were able to profit from imperial conquest. …
El oasis de Quillagua, la frontera interior: Tres siglos de arqueología (desierto de Atacama, norte de Chile)
Displays of Violence and Power at the Edge of the Empire: Provincial Trophy Heads during Inca Times
The Inca expansion to the southern Andes catalyzed important political and symbolic changes in local communities. In addition to economic changes in mining production and the installation of logistical and administrative infrastructure, new forms of ideological violence emerged in the Copiapó Valley, Chile. One new form was the display and discarding of human heads, a burial pattern unprecedented in the region. In this article, we present evidenc…
Los nuevos sujetos imperiales del valle de Copiapó: Estilos Diaguita e Inca local en los pucos del período Tardío regional
During the Inca imperial expansion, new kinds of pottery forms and styles appeared inCopiapó valley. Besides the presence of new pots such as aríbalos, aisanas, and shallow plates,local unrestricted and simple profile pots persisted. Furthermore, their designs incorporated amix of locally re-interpreted Diaguita-Inca styles.This paper is based on the morphological and stylistic analysis of pots from museumcollections, which came from Copiapó coas…
Provincial Inca metallurgy in northern Chile: New data for the Viña del Cerro smelting site
Falsificaciones y arqueología: Ricardo Latcham, la escritura prehispánica y los piratas de Guayacán
Este artculo aborda el rol de las falsificaciones arqueolgicas en la construccin del conocimiento y narrativas sobre el pasado, a partir del presunto descubrimiento de escritura prehispnica por el arquelogo Ricardo E. Latcham en
Adaptive Strategies during Times of Conflict and Transformation: Copiapó Valley under the Spanish Conquest in the Sixteenth Century
This article explores the changes and adaptation of warfare strategies in indigenous societies during the Spanish conquest, through a case study of Copiapó valley in northern Chile. Using ethnohistorical and archaeological data, it explores the experiences and actions of collective agents who transformed their warfare practices and social alliances in order to fight for their autonomy and survival. The Copiapó people transformed from a society ch…
Physical Environment vs. Social Environment: What Factors of Age-Friendliness Predict Subjective Well-Being in Men and Women
"Age-Friendly Cities and Communities" is an initiative launched by the WHO in 2007 that has spread to more than 1000 cities and communities around the world. This initiative is based on an integrated physical and social environment for older people, and a model of participatory, collaborative governance. An enabling social environment setting is just as important as material conditions in determining well-being in later life. The objective of thi…
Modernizing a nation through its radio and television industry: RCA Victor in Chile, 1928-1973
The RCA Victor company in Chile portrayed itself as a participant in the nation’s progress. Its success was part of a larger governmental plan to boost the industrial capacities of the country, during a period marked by political polarization and extensive demographic changes in terms of rural to urban migration, the formation of a working middle class, and greater investment in education. Their electronic devices were intimately linked to this b…
Dynamics of indigenous identification and performance in the early twentieth century: The life and performances of Chief Caupolican as Mapuche and immigrant (1876–1968)
Chief Caupolican is Emile Barrangon, an early 20th-century performer in the US who was born in Chile to an indigenous Mapuche father and a French mother. Despite his fame, he has not yet been included in studies on indigenous agency in Native American representations, likely because of his immigrant origins. We situate his indigenous self-identification and media success within the broader context of ongoing pan-indigenous activism in the country…
Imperial ritual appropriation and violence: The severed heads from Fiambalá and Copiapó during Inca times
The appropriation of local ritual practices and their expansion as part of the Inca imperial ideology is a well-documented mode of dominance in the Central Andes. However, there is still no relevant evidence on how it worked in the southern areas of the empire. We show how the Incas might have appropriated some local ritual practices that consisted of burying caches of skulls with perforations, possibly associated with ancestor veneration cults. …
Antigüedades prehispánicas peruanas en la creación de una "prehistoria" chilena: El caso de la colección Sáenz
En 1895, Nicolás Sáenz propuso al gobierno chileno la venta de una colección de objetos "incaicos" traídos desde Lima; adquisición aprobada en 1897. Pese a las dificultades ocasionadas por la Guerra del Pacífico, el Museo Nacional (Chile) continuó adquiriendo antigüedades peruanas, siguiendo una tradición de estudios comparados de cultura material. Dentro del marco del evolucionismo social, estas antigüedades servían como medida de civilización, …
Establishing Colonial Rule in a Frontier Encomienda: Chile’s Copiapó Valley under Francisco de Aguirre and His Kin, 1549–1580
This article explores how Francisco de Aguirre used the Copiapó Valley encomienda to negotiate political power during the transition from conquest to colonial rule in northern Chile. Simultaneously, we analyze the circumstances of how a native society was incorporated into the Spanish Empire after a decade of fighting and resistance on the fringes of the empire. The strategic use of the fear of native rebellions to close the road from Peru to Chi…
Historias Naturales, expediciones, redes globales y Museos de Historia Natural en Chile (siglos XVIII-XIX)
Los museos de Historia Natural en Chile han sido objeto creciente de interés histórico al tratarse de instituciones estrechamente vinculadas a la formación del estado-nación y protagonistas de la configuración de una cultura científica en el país. En las últimas décadas, su historia se ha abordado desde diversos enfoques. Las nuevas aproximaciones historiográficas van dejando atrás, de manera gradual, una historia fuertemente relacionada con el s…
Primeras aproximaciones a los sistemas prehispánicos de abastecimiento de materias primas líticas en la cuenca del río Copiapó
La organización tecnológica y los sistemas de aprovisionamiento lítico constituyen fenómenos relevantes para la comprensión de las dinámicas socioeconómicas de comunidades prehispánicas. Pese a su importancia, su abordaje ha sido escaso en el norte semiárido y particularmente en la cuenca del río Copiapó. Todo lo anterior redunda en un conocimiento aún insuficiente de los sistemas de asentamiento y movilidad, así como de la organización socioespa…
La Puerta Fundición: Un sitio metalúrgico temprano en el valle de Copiapó, Región de Atacama, Norte de Chile
Este trabajo presenta las evidencias más tempranas de metalurgia en el valle de Copiapó, Región de Atacama, norte de Chile, correspondientes al sitio La Puerta Fundición. Nuevos fechados radiocarbónicos y el análisis de minerales, escorias y objetos de metal revelan que las comunidades Molle desarrollaron técnicas para extraer cobre desde el período Alfarero Temprano (1-800 d.C.). Los metalurgistas alcanzaron temperaturas entre 1.000-1.100 oC, co…
Establishing Colonial Rule in a Frontier Encomienda: Chile's Copiapó Valley Under Francisco De Aguirre and His Kin, 1549-1580 - Corrigendum
A case of disability and care during Inca times
Geography (13 works) · Latin American history and culture (13 works) · Art (12 works) · Humanities (11 works) · Political science (11 works) · Archaeology (9 works) · Archaeology and ancient environmental studies (9 works) · Politics (8 works) · History (7 works) · Empire (6 works)