Ralph R Schneider
Biographic Data
| ID | 6374287 |
|---|---|
| NAME | Ralph R Schneider |
| GIVEN NAMES | Ralph R |
| FAMILY NAME | Schneider |
| SIGNATURE | SCHNEIDER R R |
| AFFILIATIONS | University of Bremen |
| ORCID | 0000-0003-1453-9181 |
| VERIFIED | Yes |
| TOTAL WORKS | 20 |
| TOTAL CITATIONS | 20 |
| WORKS AS AUTHOR | 20 |
| WORKS AS EDITOR | 0 |
| FIRST PUBLICATION YEAR | 1996 |
| LATEST PUBLICATION YEAR | 2025 |
| H-INDEX | 3 |
Timing of peat initiation across the central Congo Basin
The central Congo Basin contains the world’s most extensive tropical peatland complex, spanning 16.7 million hectares. Until now, radiocarbon dating of basal peats has been limited to 14 samples with poor spatial coverage, and suggested that peat typically initiated during the Holocene. We present 38 new basal dates, improving spatial coverage across the region. Some of the new basal dates are much older than any previous dates, indicating that p…
Hydrographic shifts south of Australia over the last deglaciation and possible interhemispheric linkages
Northern and southern hemispheric influences—particularly changes in Southern Hemisphere westerly winds (SSW) and Southern Ocean ventilation—triggered the stepwise atmospheric CO 2 increase that accompanied the last deglaciation. One approach for gaining potential insights into past changes in SWW/CO 2 upwelling is to reconstruct the positions of the northern oceanic fronts associated with the Antarctic Circumpolar Current. Using two deep-sea cor…
Is ‘deep-water formation’ in the Baltic Sea a key to understanding seabed dynamics and ventilation changes over the past 7,000 years
Holocene water mass changes in the Labrador Current
The Labrador Current is part of the anticlockwise subpolar gyre and plays a major role in the formation of North Atlantic Deep Water. It is influenced by the West Greenland and Baffin currents supplying warmer Atlantic and cold polar waters, respectively. During the early Holocene, at the final stage of the last deglaciation, meltwater and iceberg discharge caused highly variable conditions in the Labrador Current. In order to assess its sensitiv…
Regional climate change and the onset of farming in northern Germany and southern Scandinavia
In Europe, the transition from hunter–gatherer–fisher-based communities into societies mainly relying on farming was spread from the southeast towards the north and west during the Holocene. In central Germany, farming was adopted at ~7500 cal. yr BP, whereas the shift is evident at ~6000–5500 cal. yr BP in northern Germany and southern Scandinavia. Consequently, farming techniques were available for more than a millennium. Some studies argue tha…
Holocene land–sea climatic links on the equatorial Pacific coast (Bay of Guayaquil, Ecuador)
We analyzed the pollen content of a marine core located near the Bay of Guayaquil in Ecuador to document the link between sea surface temperatures (SSTs) and changes in rainfall regimes on the adjacent continent during the Holocene. Based on the expansion/regression of five vegetation types, we observe three successive climatic patterns. In the first phase, between 11,700 and 7700 cal. yr BP, the presence of a cloud (Andean) forest in the mid alt…
Centennial-scale variations in diatom productivity off Peru over the last 3000 years
The Peruvian coastal upwelling is one of the most productive systems in the global ocean, with important impacts on the carbon cycle. Primary productivity there displays strong variations at the interannual to decadal timescales. However, down-core investigations rarely reach sufficient temporal resolution to assess the response of productivity to climatic variations at these timescales beyond the instrumental and historical periods. We here anal…
The impact of African aridity on the isotopic signature of Atlantic deep waters across the Middle Pleistocene Transition
A high resolution analysis of benthic foraminifera as well as of aeolian terrigenous proxies extracted from a 37 m-long marine core located off the Mauritanian margin spanning the last ~ 1.2 Ma, documents the possible link between major continental environmental changes with a shift in the isotopic signature of deep waters around 1.0–0.9 Ma, within the so-called Mid-Pleistocene Transition (MPT) time period. The increase in the oxygen isotopic com…
A tenfold increase in the Orange River mean Holocene mud flux
Soil erosion poses a major threat to sustainable agriculture in southern Africa but is difficult to quantify. One measure of soil erosion is the sediment flux of rivers. The Orange River is the principal source of sediment to the western margin of South Africa with an estimated mean mud flux over the last 11 500 years (the Holocene epoch) of 5.1 (3.2—7.4) million metric tons/year (Mt/yr). A total of 43 gigatons (Gt; 10 15 g) representing 72% of t…
Late-Holocene climate variability in the Adriatic Sea (Central Mediterranean)
Planktic and benthic foraminifera assemblages from a set of sediment cores, collected on the Adriatic shelf and the Southern Adriatic deep basin, provide compelling evidence of submillennial-scale environmental changes during the last 6000 years. Repeated peaks in Globigerinoides sacculifer represent warm-dry intervals, including the `Mediaeval Warm Period', the `Roman Age', the late `Bronze Age' and the `Copper Age'. The Last Occurrence (LO) of …
Low-latitude “dusty events” vs. high-latitude “icy Heinrich Events”
It has been proposed that tropical events could have participated in the triggering of the classic, high-latitude, iceberg-discharge Heinrich events (HE). We explore low-latitude Heinrich events equivalents at high resolution, in a piston core recovered from the tropical north-western African margin. They are characterized by an increase of total dust, lacustrine diatoms and fibrous lacustrine clay minerals. Thus, low-latitude events clearly refl…
Southwest African climate independent of Atlantic sea surface temperatures during the Younger Dryas
To investigate land–sea interactions during deglaciation, we compared proxies for continental (pollen percentages and accumulation rates) and marine conditions (dinoflagellate cyst percentages and alkenone-derived sea surface temperatures). The proxies were from published data from an AMS-radiocarbon-dated sedimentary record of core GeoB 1023-5 encompassing the past 21,000 years. The site is located at ca. 2000 m water depth just north of the Wal…
Holocene climate variability
Although the dramatic climate disruptions of the last glacial period have received considerable attention, relatively little has been directed toward climate variability in the Holocene (11,500 cal yr B.P. to the present). Examination of ?50 globally distributed paleoclimate records reveals as many as six periods of significant rapid climate change during the time periods 9000"8000, 6000"5000, 4200"3800, 3500"2500, 1200"1000, and 600"150 cal yr B…
Anthropogenic Impact on the Landscape of Southern Badenia (Germany) During the Holocene—documented by Colluvial and Alluvial Sediments
In the study area (the Upper Rhine Lowlands and the southern Black Forest), colluvial and alluvial sediments could be dated with the aid of 14 C analysis, archaeological finds, pollen analysis and stratigraphic assessments. On the basis of these dated deposits, six different maps have been produced showing the distribution of the colluvial and alluvial sediments for the corresponding archaeological cultural periods. For each of these periods, the…
Late Quaternary Climate Changes in Central Africa as Inferred from Terrigenous Input to the Niger Fan
Time series of terrigenous source elements (Al, K, Ti, Zr) from core GeoB4901-8 recovered from the deep-sea fan of the Niger River record variations in riverine sediment discharge over the past 245,000 yr. Although the flux rates of all the elements depend on physical erosion, which is mainly controlled by the extent of vegetation coverage in central Africa, element/Al ratios reflect conditions for chemical weathering in the river basin. Maximum …
Environmental processes of the ice age
Correlation between Vegetation in Southwestern Africa and Oceanic Upwelling in the Past 21,000 Years
Dinoflagellate cyst and pollen records from marine sediments off the southwestern African coast reveal three major aridification periods since the last glaciation and an environmental correlation between land and sea. Abundant pollen of desert, semi-desert, and temperate plants 21,000–17,500 cal yr B.P. show arid and cold conditions in southwestern Africa that correspond to low sea surface temperatures and enhanced upwelling shown by dinoflagella…
Late Quaternary Temperature Variability in the Benguela Current System Derived from Alkenones
Three sediment cores on a transect across the continental slope off Namibia at about 23°S were investigated for alkenone-derived past sea-surface temperature (SST) and total organic carbon (TOC) content. These records are used to reconstruct variations of surface circulation, coastal upwelling, and paleoproductivity in the northern Benguela Current System for the last 150,000 yr. The SST record most distant from the coast resembles a SST pattern …
Vegetation and climate changes during the last 21 000 years in S.W. Africa based on a marine pollen record
The Determinants and Impact of Property Rights
This article provides new empirical results regarding the demand for and supply of title, the impact of title on land value, and its effects on agricultural investment on Brazilian frontiers. We present survey data from 1992 and 1993 from the state of Par£ on the char£acteristics of the settlers, land tenure, land agencies involved, land values, and investment. We also present data from the Brazilian agricultural censuses from 1940 through 1985, …
Late-Holocene climate variability in the Adriatic Sea (Central Mediterranean)
Planktic and benthic foraminifera assemblages from a set of sediment cores, collected on the Adriatic shelf and the Southern Adriatic deep basin, provide compelling evidence of submillennial-scale environmental changes during the last 6000 years. Repeated peaks in Globigerinoides sacculifer represent warm-dry intervals, including the `Mediaeval Warm Period', the `Roman Age', the late `Bronze Age' and the `Copper Age'. The Last Occurrence (LO) of …
Anthropogenic Impact on the Landscape of Southern Badenia (Germany) During the Holocene—documented by Colluvial and Alluvial Sediments
In the study area (the Upper Rhine Lowlands and the southern Black Forest), colluvial and alluvial sediments could be dated with the aid of 14 C analysis, archaeological finds, pollen analysis and stratigraphic assessments. On the basis of these dated deposits, six different maps have been produced showing the distribution of the colluvial and alluvial sediments for the corresponding archaeological cultural periods. For each of these periods, the…
Regional climate change and the onset of farming in northern Germany and southern Scandinavia
In Europe, the transition from hunter–gatherer–fisher-based communities into societies mainly relying on farming was spread from the southeast towards the north and west during the Holocene. In central Germany, farming was adopted at ~7500 cal. yr BP, whereas the shift is evident at ~6000–5500 cal. yr BP in northern Germany and southern Scandinavia. Consequently, farming techniques were available for more than a millennium. Some studies argue tha…
Vegetation and climate changes during the last 21 000 years in S.W. Africa based on a marine pollen record
Holocene water mass changes in the Labrador Current
The Labrador Current is part of the anticlockwise subpolar gyre and plays a major role in the formation of North Atlantic Deep Water. It is influenced by the West Greenland and Baffin currents supplying warmer Atlantic and cold polar waters, respectively. During the early Holocene, at the final stage of the last deglaciation, meltwater and iceberg discharge caused highly variable conditions in the Labrador Current. In order to assess its sensitiv…
Centennial-scale variations in diatom productivity off Peru over the last 3000 years
The Peruvian coastal upwelling is one of the most productive systems in the global ocean, with important impacts on the carbon cycle. Primary productivity there displays strong variations at the interannual to decadal timescales. However, down-core investigations rarely reach sufficient temporal resolution to assess the response of productivity to climatic variations at these timescales beyond the instrumental and historical periods. We here anal…
A tenfold increase in the Orange River mean Holocene mud flux
Soil erosion poses a major threat to sustainable agriculture in southern Africa but is difficult to quantify. One measure of soil erosion is the sediment flux of rivers. The Orange River is the principal source of sediment to the western margin of South Africa with an estimated mean mud flux over the last 11 500 years (the Holocene epoch) of 5.1 (3.2—7.4) million metric tons/year (Mt/yr). A total of 43 gigatons (Gt; 10 15 g) representing 72% of t…
The Determinants and Impact of Property Rights
This article provides new empirical results regarding the demand for and supply of title, the impact of title on land value, and its effects on agricultural investment on Brazilian frontiers. We present survey data from 1992 and 1993 from the state of Par£ on the char£acteristics of the settlers, land tenure, land agencies involved, land values, and investment. We also present data from the Brazilian agricultural censuses from 1940 through 1985, …
Vegetation and climate changes during the last 21 000 years in S.W. Africa based on a marine pollen record
Late Quaternary Temperature Variability in the Benguela Current System Derived from Alkenones
Three sediment cores on a transect across the continental slope off Namibia at about 23°S were investigated for alkenone-derived past sea-surface temperature (SST) and total organic carbon (TOC) content. These records are used to reconstruct variations of surface circulation, coastal upwelling, and paleoproductivity in the northern Benguela Current System for the last 150,000 yr. The SST record most distant from the coast resembles a SST pattern …
Correlation between Vegetation in Southwestern Africa and Oceanic Upwelling in the Past 21,000 Years
Dinoflagellate cyst and pollen records from marine sediments off the southwestern African coast reveal three major aridification periods since the last glaciation and an environmental correlation between land and sea. Abundant pollen of desert, semi-desert, and temperate plants 21,000–17,500 cal yr B.P. show arid and cold conditions in southwestern Africa that correspond to low sea surface temperatures and enhanced upwelling shown by dinoflagella…
Late Quaternary Climate Changes in Central Africa as Inferred from Terrigenous Input to the Niger Fan
Time series of terrigenous source elements (Al, K, Ti, Zr) from core GeoB4901-8 recovered from the deep-sea fan of the Niger River record variations in riverine sediment discharge over the past 245,000 yr. Although the flux rates of all the elements depend on physical erosion, which is mainly controlled by the extent of vegetation coverage in central Africa, element/Al ratios reflect conditions for chemical weathering in the river basin. Maximum …
Environmental processes of the ice age
Anthropogenic Impact on the Landscape of Southern Badenia (Germany) During the Holocene—documented by Colluvial and Alluvial Sediments
In the study area (the Upper Rhine Lowlands and the southern Black Forest), colluvial and alluvial sediments could be dated with the aid of 14 C analysis, archaeological finds, pollen analysis and stratigraphic assessments. On the basis of these dated deposits, six different maps have been produced showing the distribution of the colluvial and alluvial sediments for the corresponding archaeological cultural periods. For each of these periods, the…
Southwest African climate independent of Atlantic sea surface temperatures during the Younger Dryas
To investigate land–sea interactions during deglaciation, we compared proxies for continental (pollen percentages and accumulation rates) and marine conditions (dinoflagellate cyst percentages and alkenone-derived sea surface temperatures). The proxies were from published data from an AMS-radiocarbon-dated sedimentary record of core GeoB 1023-5 encompassing the past 21,000 years. The site is located at ca. 2000 m water depth just north of the Wal…
Holocene climate variability
Although the dramatic climate disruptions of the last glacial period have received considerable attention, relatively little has been directed toward climate variability in the Holocene (11,500 cal yr B.P. to the present). Examination of ?50 globally distributed paleoclimate records reveals as many as six periods of significant rapid climate change during the time periods 9000"8000, 6000"5000, 4200"3800, 3500"2500, 1200"1000, and 600"150 cal yr B…
Low-latitude “dusty events” vs. high-latitude “icy Heinrich Events”
It has been proposed that tropical events could have participated in the triggering of the classic, high-latitude, iceberg-discharge Heinrich events (HE). We explore low-latitude Heinrich events equivalents at high resolution, in a piston core recovered from the tropical north-western African margin. They are characterized by an increase of total dust, lacustrine diatoms and fibrous lacustrine clay minerals. Thus, low-latitude events clearly refl…
Late-Holocene climate variability in the Adriatic Sea (Central Mediterranean)
Planktic and benthic foraminifera assemblages from a set of sediment cores, collected on the Adriatic shelf and the Southern Adriatic deep basin, provide compelling evidence of submillennial-scale environmental changes during the last 6000 years. Repeated peaks in Globigerinoides sacculifer represent warm-dry intervals, including the `Mediaeval Warm Period', the `Roman Age', the late `Bronze Age' and the `Copper Age'. The Last Occurrence (LO) of …
A tenfold increase in the Orange River mean Holocene mud flux
Soil erosion poses a major threat to sustainable agriculture in southern Africa but is difficult to quantify. One measure of soil erosion is the sediment flux of rivers. The Orange River is the principal source of sediment to the western margin of South Africa with an estimated mean mud flux over the last 11 500 years (the Holocene epoch) of 5.1 (3.2—7.4) million metric tons/year (Mt/yr). A total of 43 gigatons (Gt; 10 15 g) representing 72% of t…
The impact of African aridity on the isotopic signature of Atlantic deep waters across the Middle Pleistocene Transition
A high resolution analysis of benthic foraminifera as well as of aeolian terrigenous proxies extracted from a 37 m-long marine core located off the Mauritanian margin spanning the last ~ 1.2 Ma, documents the possible link between major continental environmental changes with a shift in the isotopic signature of deep waters around 1.0–0.9 Ma, within the so-called Mid-Pleistocene Transition (MPT) time period. The increase in the oxygen isotopic com…
Holocene land–sea climatic links on the equatorial Pacific coast (Bay of Guayaquil, Ecuador)
We analyzed the pollen content of a marine core located near the Bay of Guayaquil in Ecuador to document the link between sea surface temperatures (SSTs) and changes in rainfall regimes on the adjacent continent during the Holocene. Based on the expansion/regression of five vegetation types, we observe three successive climatic patterns. In the first phase, between 11,700 and 7700 cal. yr BP, the presence of a cloud (Andean) forest in the mid alt…
Centennial-scale variations in diatom productivity off Peru over the last 3000 years
The Peruvian coastal upwelling is one of the most productive systems in the global ocean, with important impacts on the carbon cycle. Primary productivity there displays strong variations at the interannual to decadal timescales. However, down-core investigations rarely reach sufficient temporal resolution to assess the response of productivity to climatic variations at these timescales beyond the instrumental and historical periods. We here anal…
Regional climate change and the onset of farming in northern Germany and southern Scandinavia
In Europe, the transition from hunter–gatherer–fisher-based communities into societies mainly relying on farming was spread from the southeast towards the north and west during the Holocene. In central Germany, farming was adopted at ~7500 cal. yr BP, whereas the shift is evident at ~6000–5500 cal. yr BP in northern Germany and southern Scandinavia. Consequently, farming techniques were available for more than a millennium. Some studies argue tha…
Holocene water mass changes in the Labrador Current
The Labrador Current is part of the anticlockwise subpolar gyre and plays a major role in the formation of North Atlantic Deep Water. It is influenced by the West Greenland and Baffin currents supplying warmer Atlantic and cold polar waters, respectively. During the early Holocene, at the final stage of the last deglaciation, meltwater and iceberg discharge caused highly variable conditions in the Labrador Current. In order to assess its sensitiv…
Is ‘deep-water formation’ in the Baltic Sea a key to understanding seabed dynamics and ventilation changes over the past 7,000 years
Hydrographic shifts south of Australia over the last deglaciation and possible interhemispheric linkages
Northern and southern hemispheric influences—particularly changes in Southern Hemisphere westerly winds (SSW) and Southern Ocean ventilation—triggered the stepwise atmospheric CO 2 increase that accompanied the last deglaciation. One approach for gaining potential insights into past changes in SWW/CO 2 upwelling is to reconstruct the positions of the northern oceanic fronts associated with the Antarctic Circumpolar Current. Using two deep-sea cor…
Timing of peat initiation across the central Congo Basin
The central Congo Basin contains the world’s most extensive tropical peatland complex, spanning 16.7 million hectares. Until now, radiocarbon dating of basal peats has been limited to 14 samples with poor spatial coverage, and suggested that peat typically initiated during the Holocene. We present 38 new basal dates, improving spatial coverage across the region. Some of the new basal dates are much older than any previous dates, indicating that p…
Geology and Paleoclimatology Research (19 works) · Geography (13 works) · Holocene (13 works) · Climatology (11 works) · Geological formations and processes (10 works) · Geology (10 works) · Geology (10 works) · Oceanography (8 works) · Oceanography (8 works) · Physical geography (8 works)