Julie Davanzo
Datos Biográficos
| ID | 644044 |
|---|---|
| NOMBRE | Julie Davanzo |
| NOMBRES | Julie |
| APELLIDO | Davanzo |
| FIRMA | DAVANZO J |
| AFILIACIONES | RAND Corporation |
| VERIFICADO | No |
| TOTAL DE OBRAS | 54 |
| TOTAL DE CITAS | 481 |
| TOTAL COMO AUTOR | 54 |
| TOTAL COMO EDITOR | 0 |
| PRIMER AÑO DE PUBLICACIÓN | 1976 |
| AÑO MÁS RECIENTE DE PUBLICACIÓN | 2017 |
| ÍNDICE H | 13 |
Effects of mothers’ deaths on children’s schooling in Matlab subdistrict, Bangladesh
This quantitative analysis examines evidence for the impacts of mothers’ death on the schooling of their left-behind children (ages 6–17 years) in the Matlab Health and Demographic Surveillance System (HDSS) area of the International Centre for Diarrhoeal Disease Research, Bangladesh. The analysis compared the completed levels of primary and junior secondary schooling in 2005 (respectively Class 1 among ages 6–17, Class 5 among ages 12–17 and Cla…
Pregnancy Termination in Matlab, Bangladesh
CONTEXT: Menstrual regulation (MR), a relatively safe form of pregnancy termination, is legal in Bangladesh during the early stages of pregnancy. However, little is known about the factors associated with whether women who terminate pregnancies choose this method or a less-safe one. METHODS: Data from the Matlab Demographic Surveillance System on 122,691 pregnancies-5,221 (4.3%) of which were terminated-were used to examine trends between 1989 an…
Pregnancy Termination in Matlab, Bangladesh
CONTEXT: In Bangladesh, both menstrual regulation (MR), which is thought to be a relatively safe method, and abortion, which in this setting is often performed using unsafe methods, are used to terminate pregnancies (known or suspected). However, little is known about changes over time in the use of these methods or their relative mortality risks. METHODS: Data from the Demographic Surveillance System in Matlab, Bangladesh, on 110,152 pregnancy o…
Religion and Attitudes toward Family Planning Issues among US Adults
Although religion is an important influence on a variety of social attitudes, the relationship between religion and views on family planning remains underexplored, especially in terms of attitudes relating to public policy. Using data from a nationally-representative survey (N = 1,500) fielded in 1998, we examine the influence of religious affiliation, subcultural identification, and attendance on three aspects of attitudes toward contraception i…
Effect of Maternal Mortality on Survival of Under-Five Children
With regards to children who are born shortly before their mother's death (index), the cumulative proportion of survival up to 60 months of age was significantly lower (0.39 vs. 0.81) than those born just before the last child (penultimate) of the same mother. Such a difference is mainly due to high mortality in the first six months of age. Over the period between 1974 and 2005, survival improved among the penultimate but not the index children. …
Influences on Pregnancy-Termination Decisions in Matlab, Bangladesh
We investigate factors affecting women’s decisions to terminate pregnancies in Matlab, Bangladesh, using logistic regression on high-quality data from the Demographic Surveillance System on more than 215,000 pregnancies that occurred between 1978 and 2008. Variables associated with the desire not to have another birth soon (very young and older maternal age, a greater number of living children, the recent birth of twins or of a son, a short inter…
The Role of Pregnancy Outcomes in the Maternal Mortality Rates of Two Areas in Matlab, Bangladesh
CONTEXT: The Matlab Maternal Child Health-Family Planning (MCH-FP) project provides maternity care as part of its reproductive health services. It is important to assess whether this project has reduced maternal mortality and, if so, whether this was due to differences between the MCH-FP area (which received project services) and the comparison area (which did not) in pregnancy rates, pregnancy outcomes or case-fatality rates. METHODS: Data from …
Which factors explain the decline in infant and child mortality in Matlab, Bangladesh
The effects of pregnancy spacing on infant and child mortality in Matlab, Bangladesh
Using high-quality longitudinal data on 125,720 singleton live births in Matlab, Bangladesh, we assessed the effects of duration of intervals between pregnancy outcomes on infant and child mortality and how these effects vary over subperiods of infancy and childhood and by the type of outcome that began the interval. Controlling for other correlates of infant and child mortality, we find that shorter intervals are associated with higher mortality…
To serve and protect? Toward a better relationship between drug control policy and public health
Why Are Infant and Child Mortality Rates Lower in the MCH‐FP Area of Matlab, Bangladesh
Infant and child mortality rates are significantly lower in the Maternal and Child Health‐Family Planning (MCH‐FP) area of Matlab, Bangladesh, than in a comparison area. The two areas are similar in terms of socioeconomic characteristics, but the MCH‐FP area provides better maternal and child health and family planning services, resulting in different reproductive patterns, including lower fertility rates and longer intervals between pregnancies.…
Reliability of reasons for early termination of breastfeeding
Although extensively collected, data on people's reasons for their behaviour provided retrospectively have been met with some scepticism on the grounds that they may be subject to biases and errors that jeopardize their usefulness. This study investigates, for a sample of 1,327 births, the reliability with which women in Peninsular Malaysia recalled, at intervals 12 years apart, reasons for not initiating or for stopping breastfeeding less than 3…
Changes in American Opinion about Family Planning
A 1998 public opinion survey conducted in the United States indicated high levels of support for many family planning policies, including US health insurance coverage of family planning services and US sponsorship of family planning programs in developing countries. To gauge changes in opinion on these issues since then, some of the 1998 questions were asked in an omnibus 2003 survey. The results indicate continuing high support for requiring US …
Economic downturns and schooling inequality, Cameroon, 1987-95
Policy makers often worry that economic crises aggravate schooling inequalities, but the longitudinal data to monitor these inequalities are typically lacking. This paper uses the schooling histories of 2,249 pupils to investigate how the economic downturn in Cameroon in the period 1987-95 affected the schooling inequalities associated with sex of pupil, residence, the family's socio-economic status, and family size. We first assess overall patte…
Demography and Security
Presentations at this workshop, attended by U.S. and European demographers and security experts, developed a general framework for understanding the security relevance of particular demographic trends, either by focusing on particular regions of the world, providing historical background for understanding current trends, or examining the security implications of specific demographic factors such as immigrant flows, urbanization, and ethnic compos…
The Quality of Retrospective Data
Megan Beckett, Julie Da Vanzo, Narayan Sastry, Constantijn Panis, Christine Peterson, The Quality of Retrospective Data: An Examination of Long-Term Recall in a Developing Country, The Journal of Human Resources, Vol. 36, No. 3 (Summer, 2001), pp. 593-625
Parent-Child Coresidence and Quasi-Coresidence in Peninsular Malaysia
Remittance Behavior among Salvadoran and Filipino Immigrants in Los Angeles
This study examines the practice of sending money to family members in their home countries (remittance behavior) among Filipinos and Salvadorans living and working in the United States. These subpopulations are among the largest and fastest-growing groups of Asian and Latin American immigrants to the US. Data were obtained from the 1991 Los Angeles Community Survey of 238 Filipinos and 383 Salvadorans concentrated in specific tracts. Among this …
Remittance Behavior among Salvadoran and Filipino Immigrants in Los Angeles
This article analyzes the factors that influence remittance behavior (the decision to remit and the amount sent) in the host country of Filipino and Salvadoran immigrants, two groups with high rates of U.S.-bound migration and of remittances. Data for this study come from a multipurpose survey fielded in Los Angeles in 1991 and are analyzed using logistic regressions and OLS. Individual characteristics and financial ability to remit, motivation t…
Economic and cultural influences on the decision to leave home in Peninsular Malaysia
Although the departure of children from the parental home is an important life-cycle event, few studies have investigated nest-leaving in developing countries. Using retrospective data from the Second Malaysian Family Life Survey, we estimate hazard models of nest-leaving in Peninsular Malaysia. We find that the departure of children, especially sons, responds to economic incentives, including housing costs, family businesses, education, and econ…
Ethnic differences in parents' coresidence with adult children in Peninsular Malaysia
Malaysia's Demographic Transition
Living Arrangements of Older Malaysians
More than two-thirds of Malaysians age 60 or older coreside with an adult child. Data from the Senior sample of the Second Malaysian Family Life Survey (MFLS-2) are used to investigate which "seniors" (persons age 60 or older) live in this way. The analysis generally supports the notion that coresidence is influenced by the benefits, costs, opportunities, and preferences for coresidence versus separate living arrangements. For example, married se…
Living Arrangements of Older Malaysians
More than two-thirds of Malaysians age 60 or older coreside with an adult child. Data from the Senior sample of the Second Malaysian Family Life Survey (MFLS-2) are used to investigate which “seniors” (persons age 60 or older) live in this way. The analysis generally supports the notion that coresidence is influenced by the benefits, costs, opportunities, and preferences for coresidence versus separate living arrangements. For example, married se…
The Second Malaysian Family Life Survey
This document discusses the design and development of the survey instruments for the Second Malaysian Family Life Survey (MFLS-2), which was carried out in Peninsular Malaysia in 1988-1989. It also presents the findings of debriefings with field staff during and after the fieldwork and contains the actual survey instruments (MR-107/1) and the Interviewer Instructions. This document should be useful to users of the MFLS-2 data and to those designi…
Repeat migration, information costs, and location-specific capital
Pathways to Independent Living in Early Adulthood
Data from the National Longitudinal Study of the High School Class of 1972 are used to examine factors influencing young adults' departure from the parental home and the initial pathways taken, including leaving home for marriage, residential semi-autonomy (Semi), and premarital residential independence (PRI). Parents' education and continuing in school decrease the likelihood of leaving home via marriage and increase the likelihood of leaving ho…
Return and Other Sequences of Migration in the United States
We examine repeat migration sequences in the United States especially those that entail a return, using data from the Panel Study of Income Dynamics. Our guiding hypotheses derive from the concepts of location-specific capital and imperfect information. Descriptive analysis elucidates the dynamics, tempo, and differential frequency of repeat migration among various socioeconomic groups. Results disclose differences among migrants who choose to re…
Living Arrangements of Older Malaysians
More than two-thirds of Malaysians age 60 or older coreside with an adult child. Data from the Senior sample of the Second Malaysian Family Life Survey (MFLS-2) are used to investigate which “seniors” (persons age 60 or older) live in this way. The analysis generally supports the notion that coresidence is influenced by the benefits, costs, opportunities, and preferences for coresidence versus separate living arrangements. For example, married se…
Living arrangements and the transition to adulthood
The sharp decline with age in the percent of young adults who live with their parents is usually attributed to other concurrent life-cycle changes in the “transition to adulthood.” We investigate this presumption using data tracking high school seniors seven years after graduation. Although marriage and military service strongly reduce residential dependence on parents, other life-cycle changes such as employment and parenthood are only weakly as…
The effects of pregnancy spacing on infant and child mortality in Matlab, Bangladesh
Using high-quality longitudinal data on 125,720 singleton live births in Matlab, Bangladesh, we assessed the effects of duration of intervals between pregnancy outcomes on infant and child mortality and how these effects vary over subperiods of infancy and childhood and by the type of outcome that began the interval. Controlling for other correlates of infant and child mortality, we find that shorter intervals are associated with higher mortality…
Infant mortality decline in Malaysia, 1946–1975
Individual-level retrospective data from the Malaysian Family Life Survey are used to examine why the infant mortality rate (IMR) has declined rapidly in Malaysia since World War II. Substantial increases in mothers’ education and improvements in water and sanitation have contributed. However, breastfeeding reductions have kept the IMR from declining as rapidly as it would have otherwise. The detrimental effects of reduced breastfeeding more than…
Gender preference and birth spacing in matlab, Bangladesh
Gender preference, particularly son preference, is believed to sustain high fertility in many Asian countries, but previous research shows unclear effects. We examine and compare gender-preference effects on fertility in two otherwise comparable populations in Bangladesh that differ markedly in their access to and use of contraception. We expect, and find, stronger effects of gender preference in the population that has more access to contracepti…
How biological and behavioural influences on mortality in Malaysia vary during the first year of life
This study uses retrospective data from the 1976–7 Malaysian Family Life Survey to examine the determinants of infant mortality variations in Peninsular Malaysia. It considers proximate biological correlates of mortality as well as family characteristics and behaviour, and inspects the degree to which some of these latter factors exercise their effects indirectly through more proximate factors. It assesses how these influences and interactions ch…
Differences between Return and Nonreturn Migration
The regression equations presented in this report furnish strong and consistent indications that potential return and nonreturn migrants respond quite differently to the factors that condition migration decisions. The importance of treating return and nonreturn migration separately, and recognizing their differences in theories of human migration is underscored. Despite admittedly crude data and some necessary approximations, these differences sh…
Remittance Behavior among Salvadoran and Filipino Immigrants in Los Angeles
This study examines the practice of sending money to family members in their home countries (remittance behavior) among Filipinos and Salvadorans living and working in the United States. These subpopulations are among the largest and fastest-growing groups of Asian and Latin American immigrants to the US. Data were obtained from the 1991 Los Angeles Community Survey of 238 Filipinos and 383 Salvadorans concentrated in specific tracts. Among this …
Remittance Behavior among Salvadoran and Filipino Immigrants in Los Angeles
This article analyzes the factors that influence remittance behavior (the decision to remit and the amount sent) in the host country of Filipino and Salvadoran immigrants, two groups with high rates of U.S.-bound migration and of remittances. Data for this study come from a multipurpose survey fielded in Los Angeles in 1991 and are analyzed using logistic regressions and OLS. Individual characteristics and financial ability to remit, motivation t…
Semiautonomy and Leaving Home in Early Adulthood
Studies of leaving home in early adulthood have been inconsistent in whether semiautonomous, nonhousehold-based living arrangements such as dormitories, barracks, and other group quarters are included as “away from home” This study uses data from the National Longitudinal Study of the High School Class of 1972 to track the living arrangements sequences of young adults in order to clarify how semiautonomy should best be treated. We examine how man…
The Contraceptive Role of Breastfeeding
We review (1) neuro-hormonal mechanisms by which breastfeeding postpones the return of ovulation and menstruation after birth, and (2) various statistical procedures used to analyse this effect in human populations. This review reveals that the biology and the statistical procedures are incompatible. We propose a statistical approach, compatible with present knowledge of physiology, that differentiates between ovulation-inhibiting mechanisms at b…
Infant mortality and socioeconomic development
Household data from Malaysia are used to assess the roles of a number of mortality correlates in explaining the inverse relationship between the infant mortality rate (IMR) and socioeconomic development. Increases in mothers’ education and improvements in water and sanitation are the most important household-level changes that accompany regional and temporal development and contribute to the inverse relationship between the IMR and development. O…
Economic and cultural influences on the decision to leave home in Peninsular Malaysia
Although the departure of children from the parental home is an important life-cycle event, few studies have investigated nest-leaving in developing countries. Using retrospective data from the Second Malaysian Family Life Survey, we estimate hazard models of nest-leaving in Peninsular Malaysia. We find that the departure of children, especially sons, responds to economic incentives, including housing costs, family businesses, education, and econ…
Economic downturns and schooling inequality, Cameroon, 1987-95
Policy makers often worry that economic crises aggravate schooling inequalities, but the longitudinal data to monitor these inequalities are typically lacking. This paper uses the schooling histories of 2,249 pupils to investigate how the economic downturn in Cameroon in the period 1987-95 affected the schooling inequalities associated with sex of pupil, residence, the family's socio-economic status, and family size. We first assess overall patte…
Ethnicity and Fertility Differentials in Peninsular Malaysia
Ethnic groups have had differing demographic responses to economic and population policies in peninsular Malaysia. Of 14 million inhabitants in 1988 58% were Malay 32% Chinese and 10% India. While the national fertility rate began falling in the late 1950s this trend was not uniform over these main ethnic groups. Although the total fertility rate (TFR) for Chinese and Indians steadily declines the TFR for the Malay population leveled off in the m…
Do women's breastfeeding experiences with their first-borns affect whether they breastfeed their subsequent children
Data on women with at least two children are used to examine how the breastfeeding experience with the first child affects whether subsequent children are breastfed. Our results indicate that women most often repeat with later children the feeding decision they made with their first child. That is, those who breastfed their first child are very likely to breastfeed a later child and those who did not breastfeed their firstborn are unlikely to bre…
Differences between Return and Nonreturn Migration
Why Families Move
Religion and Attitudes toward Family Planning Issues among US Adults
Although religion is an important influence on a variety of social attitudes, the relationship between religion and views on family planning remains underexplored, especially in terms of attitudes relating to public policy. Using data from a nationally-representative survey (N = 1,500) fielded in 1998, we examine the influence of religious affiliation, subcultural identification, and attendance on three aspects of attitudes toward contraception i…
Ethnic differences in parents' coresidence with adult children in Peninsular Malaysia
Parent-Child Coresidence and Quasi-Coresidence in Peninsular Malaysia
Why are teenagers in the United States less likely to breast-feed than older women
Teenage mothers are much less likely than older mothers to breastfeed their infants. The lower breastfeeding rate among teenagers aged 16–19, compared with women aged 20–29, is due almost entirely to the fact that teenage mothers tend to have characteristics associated with a lower likelihood of breastfeeding among all women, such as lower educational level, lower income, and being unmarried. Even so, nearly 40% of the difference between teenage …
Comment on M. J. Greenwood’s “simultaneity bias in migration models
The main purpose of Michael Greenwood's recent article ('Simultaneity Bias in Migration Models: An Empirical Examination,' Demography, Vol. 12, No. 3, August 1975, pp. 519-536) is to examine empirically the importance of simultaneity bias in standard models of migration. The problem of disentangling cause and effect between migration and 'explanatory' variables is an important one that has plagued nearly every migration researcher and hence deser…
The Sensitivity of Male Labor Supply Estimates to Choice of Assumptions
The task is an analysis of the traditional labor supply model using several competing methodologies. The approach is a step-by-step exploration of alternative labor supply estimating equations that attempts to identify the independent (marginal) effect of each particular change in the form of these equations. By systematically exploring what difference each of these changes makes to the parameter estimates, one can isolate which factors strongly …
Differences between Return and Nonreturn Migration
Differences between Return and Nonreturn Migration
The regression equations presented in this report furnish strong and consistent indications that potential return and nonreturn migrants respond quite differently to the factors that condition migration decisions. The importance of treating return and nonreturn migration separately, and recognizing their differences in theories of human migration is underscored. Despite admittedly crude data and some necessary approximations, these differences sh…
Why Families Move
Does Unemployment Affect Migration? Evidence from Micro Data
Migration is a means of improving the allocation of human resources. People living in places where they are not fully employed or most highly valued are expected to move to destinations having brighter prospects but both policymakers and migration analysts seem to have mixed opinions as to whether private market forces alone are sufficient to induce them to do so. On the one hand there has been considerable discussion of policies (e.g. relocation…
Microeconomic Approaches to Studying Migration Decisions
Microeconomic Approaches to Studying Migration Decisions
Repeat migration, information costs, and location-specific capital
Return and Other Sequences of Migration in the United States
We examine repeat migration sequences in the United States especially those that entail a return, using data from the Panel Study of Income Dynamics. Our guiding hypotheses derive from the concepts of location-specific capital and imperfect information. Descriptive analysis elucidates the dynamics, tempo, and differential frequency of repeat migration among various socioeconomic groups. Results disclose differences among migrants who choose to re…
Research in Population Economics
This publication contains 13 articles examining various aspects of population economics. The articles 1) examine the distribution of households by number of persons in international comparisons and over time; 2) analyze relationships between the population of a city and its per capita public expenditures; 3) examine the positive and negative variation of prices for 193 individual goods and services with the size of 38 cities; 4) demonstrate that …
Who are the Poor in Malaysia? The Sensitivity of Poverty Profiles to Definition of Income
Michael W. Kusnic, Julie DaVanzo, Who are the Poor in Malaysia? The Sensitivity of Poverty Profiles to Definition of Income, Population and Development Review, Vol. 8, Supplement: Income Distribution and the Family (1982), pp. 17-34
Anatomy of a Fertility Decline
Data from a retrospective survey are used to analyse trends in the fertility of Peninsular Malaysia's three main ethnic groups, Malays, Chinese and Indians. Though imperfect, these data allow a comparison of the fertility experience of birth cohorts of women who were in their childbearing years during two decades of rapid social change. Two components of the birth interval, post-partum amenorrhoea and the menstruating interval, and proximate dete…
Repeat Migration in the United States
Migration often occurs more than once in an individual's lifetime. Many people may move back to the location where they were born after a stay in another area, or they may move on to yet another new location. In this paper the migrant's location-specific capital and information costs are examined, and empirical findings for the United States are presented and discussed
How biological and behavioural influences on mortality in Malaysia vary during the first year of life
This study uses retrospective data from the 1976–7 Malaysian Family Life Survey to examine the determinants of infant mortality variations in Peninsular Malaysia. It considers proximate biological correlates of mortality as well as family characteristics and behaviour, and inspects the degree to which some of these latter factors exercise their effects indirectly through more proximate factors. It assesses how these influences and interactions ch…
Environmental factors in the relationship between breastfeeding and infant mortality
Mothers recall data collected in Malaysia in 1976-77 are analyzed to study correlates of mortality of 5471 infants. Respondent population is 1262 women living in 52 primary sampling units of Peninsular Malaysia. Lengths of unsupplemented and supplemented breastfeeding and presence of piped household water and toilet sanitation are related to infant mortality in regressions that also control other correlates. The analysis is disaggregated into 3 p…
A Household Survey of Child Mortality Determinants in Malaysia
This paper reports on a series of ongoing studies of infant and child mortality in Malaysia that have been conducted at the Rand Corporation. They are based on data from a household survey known as the Malaysian Family Life Survey (MFLS). The research has been performed by a team of social and biomedical scientists. 1 This paper reviews unique features of the MFLS and of the Rand analyses of infant and child mortality, and illustrates some of the…
Living arrangements and the transition to adulthood
The sharp decline with age in the percent of young adults who live with their parents is usually attributed to other concurrent life-cycle changes in the “transition to adulthood.” We investigate this presumption using data tracking high school seniors seven years after graduation. Although marriage and military service strongly reduce residential dependence on parents, other life-cycle changes such as employment and parenthood are only weakly as…
The Contraceptive Role of Breastfeeding
We review (1) neuro-hormonal mechanisms by which breastfeeding postpones the return of ovulation and menstruation after birth, and (2) various statistical procedures used to analyse this effect in human populations. This review reveals that the biology and the statistical procedures are incompatible. We propose a statistical approach, compatible with present knowledge of physiology, that differentiates between ovulation-inhibiting mechanisms at b…
Accounting for non-market activities in the distribution of income
Infant mortality decline in Malaysia, 1946–1975
Individual-level retrospective data from the Malaysian Family Life Survey are used to examine why the infant mortality rate (IMR) has declined rapidly in Malaysia since World War II. Substantial increases in mothers’ education and improvements in water and sanitation have contributed. However, breastfeeding reductions have kept the IMR from declining as rapidly as it would have otherwise. The detrimental effects of reduced breastfeeding more than…
Semiautonomy and Leaving Home in Early Adulthood
Studies of leaving home in early adulthood have been inconsistent in whether semiautonomous, nonhousehold-based living arrangements such as dormitories, barracks, and other group quarters are included as “away from home” This study uses data from the National Longitudinal Study of the High School Class of 1972 to track the living arrangements sequences of young adults in order to clarify how semiautonomy should best be treated. We examine how man…
Infant mortality and socioeconomic development
Household data from Malaysia are used to assess the roles of a number of mortality correlates in explaining the inverse relationship between the infant mortality rate (IMR) and socioeconomic development. Increases in mothers’ education and improvements in water and sanitation are the most important household-level changes that accompany regional and temporal development and contribute to the inverse relationship between the IMR and development. O…
Pathways to Independent Living in Early Adulthood
Data from the National Longitudinal Study of the High School Class of 1972 are used to examine factors influencing young adults' departure from the parental home and the initial pathways taken, including leaving home for marriage, residential semi-autonomy (Semi), and premarital residential independence (PRI). Parents' education and continuing in school decrease the likelihood of leaving home via marriage and increase the likelihood of leaving ho…
Do women's breastfeeding experiences with their first-borns affect whether they breastfeed their subsequent children
Data on women with at least two children are used to examine how the breastfeeding experience with the first child affects whether subsequent children are breastfed. Our results indicate that women most often repeat with later children the feeding decision they made with their first child. That is, those who breastfed their first child are very likely to breastfeed a later child and those who did not breastfeed their firstborn are unlikely to bre…
Economics (33 obras) · Demography (32 obras) · Population (26 obras) · Sociology (25 obras) · Medicine (24 obras) · Demography (19 obras) · Demographic economics (18 obras) · Geography (18 obras) · Psychology (16 obras) · Global Maternal and Child Health (15 obras)