Nick Haslam
Biographic Data
| ID | 645053 |
|---|---|
| NAME | Nick Haslam |
| GIVEN NAMES | Nick |
| FAMILY NAME | Haslam |
| SIGNATURE | HASLAM N |
| AFFILIATIONS | The University of Melbourne |
| ORCID | 0000-0002-1913-2340 |
| VERIFIED | Yes |
| TOTAL WORKS | 110 |
| TOTAL CITATIONS | 704 |
| AUTHOR COUNT | 110 |
| EDITOR COUNT | 0 |
| FIRST PUBLICATION YEAR | 1991 |
| LATEST PUBLICATION YEAR | 2026 |
| H-INDEX | 13 |
Expanded definitions of psychopathology: Exploring concept creep in narcissistic personality disorder
Narcissistic personality disorder (NPD) has arguably been subject to concept creep, a phenomenon according to which psychopathological concepts gradually expand over time. Such semantic shifts may lead to over-inclusive lay concepts of mental disorders, which blurs the boundaries between mental health and illness. To assess the individual concept breadth of NPD and to test whether specialized knowledge in psychology reinforces or inhibits expande…
Concept Creep and the Mental Health Crisis
Many explanations have been offered for the rising prevalence of mental health complaints. I present an account that attributes some of this increase to historical changes in mental health‐related concepts that are propelled by broad cultural trends. I argue that rising attention to harm, coupled with the pervasive influence of the mental health industry, has led to concepts of mental health and illness becoming increasingly expansive. This proce…
Misogyny as Hierarchy Reinforcement: Towards an Integrated Framework of Gender Hierarchy Maintenance Mechanisms
Research investigating the practices that reinforce women’s lower status and power is growing rapidly. Yet, examinations of these practices are scattered across diverse literatures under different conceptual labels, with little intellectual cross-fertilization. We integrate these literatures under a hierarchy reinforcement model of misogyny, which defines misogyny as the social, physical, and economic penalties imposed on women that reinforce hie…
Relational complexity and conflict in psychotherapy
Psychotherapy tends to be more effective when therapist and patient form a strong working alliance. However, existing accounts of the therapeutic relationship underplay its complexity and ambiguity. I offer a new account grounded in the theory of relational models, arguing that the therapeutic relationship is an unusually tangled combination of communal, egalitarian, authority, and market elements. Coordinating an effective healing relationship r…
Broad concepts of mental disorder may not be valid concepts: Rejoinder to Ning (2025)
Broad concepts of mental disorder predict self-diagnosis
Understanding why people identify themselves as having a mental disorder is crucial for making sense of recent rises in self-diagnosis and help-seeking. Previous studies have implicated factors such as levels of distress, mental health literacy, and stigma. Motivated by concept creep research, we tested whether self-diagnosis is also associated with the expansiveness of people’s concepts of mental disorder. A nationally representative sample of 4…
The structure and evolution of social psychology: A Co-Citation Network Analysis
The present study examined the thematic composition and temporal evolution of social psychology through a co-citation network analysis of 80,350 articles published from 1970 through 2022. Six primary thematic clusters were identified: a broad "Classic Social Psychology" cluster most prominent in the 1970s and 1980s; "Traits & Affect" and "Social Cognition" clusters most influential in the 1990s; and "The Self," "Intergroup Relations," and "Big Fi…
The Creeping Concept of Trauma
Over the past century the concept of trauma has substantially broadened its meanings in academic and public discourse. We document four directions in which this semantic expansion has occurred at different times: from somatic to psychic, extraordinary to ordinary, direct to indirect, and individual to collective. We analyze these expansions as instances of "concept creep," the progressive inflation of harm-related concepts, and present evidence f…
Scientific eminence and scientific hierarchy: Bibliometric prediction of fellowship in the Australian Academy of Science
Research metrics are known to predict many markers of scientific eminence, but fellowship in learned academies has not been examined in this context. The present research used Scopus-based citation indices, including a composite index developed by Ioannidis et al., (PLoS Biol 14:e1002501, 2016, https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pbio.1002501 ) that improves cross-field comparison, to predict fellowship in the Australian Academy of Sciences (AAS). Ba…
Broadened Concepts of Harm Appear Less Serious
Harm-related concepts have progressively broadened their meanings to include less severe phenomena, but the implications of this expansion are unclear. Across five studies involving 1,819 American participants recruited on MTurk or Prolific, we manipulated whether participants learned about marginal, prototypical (severe), or mixed examples of workplace bullying (Studies 1 and 3a), trauma (Studies 2 and 3b), or sexual harassment (Study 4). We hyp…
Psychological factors underlying attitudes toward AI tools
The Neuroscientification of Psychology: The Rising Prevalence of Neuroscientific Concepts in Psychology From 1965 to 2016
The apparent convergence of psychology and brain science has been the subject of both celebration and critique, but it has never been systematically charted. We examined historical trends in the representation of neuroscientific concepts in a corpus of 798,402 psychology journal articles published over the past half century, from 1965 to 2016. A dictionary of 522 uniquely neuroscience-related terms was developed, and the percentage of article abs…
Psychological Science in the Wake of Covid-19: Social, Methodological, and Metascientific Considerations
The COVID-19 pandemic has extensively changed the state of psychological science from what research questions psychologists can ask to which methodologies psychologists can use to investigate them. In this article, we offer a perspective on how to optimize new research in the pandemic’s wake. Because this pandemic is inherently a social phenomenon—an event that hinges on human-to-human contact—we focus on socially relevant subfields of psychology…
Is unemployment benefit stigma related to poverty, payment receipt, or lack of employment? A vignette experiment about Australian views
The present study sought to better understand the extent to which negative perceptions of people who receive unemployment benefits is due to their poverty status, their unemployment, and/or their receipt of income support payments. We sought to differentiate these three factors in a vignette‐based experiment drawing on a large Australian general population sample ( N = 778). Participants rated the personality and capability of two fictional chara…
The Her Tribe and His Tribe Aboriginal-Designed Empowerment Programs
This study documents evaluation of the Her Tribe and His Tribe Aboriginal-designed empowerment pilot programs. The programs were designed to support Victorian Aboriginal people to strengthen mental health, social and emotional wellbeing, community connection, and to reduce psychological distress. A second aim was to explore participants' experiences of the programs, including the feasibility and acceptability of the evaluation component. Her Trib…
Seven Clarifications on the Psychology of Dehumanization
Over (2021; this issue) proposes seven challenges to the body of psychological research and theory on dehumanization that has flourished over the past two decades. As scholars who have contributed to this work, we believe her critique attacks an unrecognizable straw man that misinterprets its theoretical claims and ignores much of the empirical literature. Here we present seven arguments that clarify the role of dehumanization in social perceptio…
More confident, less formal: Stylistic changes in academic psychology writing from 1970 to 2016
Concept Creep and Psychiatrization
Some aspects of psychiatrization can be understood as forms of concept creep, the progressive expansion of concepts of harm. This article compares the two concepts and explores how concept creep sheds light on psychiatrization. We argue that although psychiatrization is in some respects a broader concept than concept creep, addressing institutional and societal dimensions of the expanding reach of psychiatry in addition to conceptual change, conc…
The cultural dynamics of concept creep
Emerging methods for studying cultural dynamics allow researchers to investigate cultural change with newfound rigor. One change that has recently attracted the attention of social commentators is "concept creep," the semantic inflation of harm-related concepts such as trauma, bullying, and prejudice. In theory, concept creep is driven distally by several recent cultural and societal trends, but psychology also plays a proximal role in developing…
Negative emotion and nonacceptance of emotion in daily life
Nonacceptance of emotion is consistently linked with increased levels of psychopathology and diminished well-being. Research has found that negative emotion and nonacceptance of emotion are positively associated cross-sectionally but has yet to directly investigate temporal associations between these constructs. Given that negative emotions are frequently the target of negative thoughts and other emotions, and that acceptance of emotion is associ…
Harm inflation: Making sense of concept creep
“Concept creep” is the gradual semantic expansion of harm-related concepts such as bullying, mental disorder, prejudice, and trauma. This review presents a synopsis of relevant theoretical advances and empirical research findings on the phenomenon. It addresses three fundamental questions. First, it clarifies the characterisation of concept creep by refining its theoretical and historical dimensions and presenting studies investigating the change…
Distressing encounters in the context of climate change: Idioms of distress, determinants, and responses to distress in Tuvalu
Across the globe there is a critical need for culturally informed and locally valid approaches to mental health assessment and intervention, particularly among disadvantaged and marginalized populations. To be optimally effective, such approaches must be informed by a sound understanding of locally relevant idioms of distress and its determinants, including those caused or exacerbated by global power disparities and structural inequities. Climate…
How does it feel to be treated like an object? Direct and indirect effects of exposure to sexual objectification on women’s emotions in daily life
Exposure to sexual objectification is an everyday experience for many women, yet little is known about its emotional consequences. Fredrickson and Roberts' (1997) objectification theory proposed a within-person process, wherein exposure to sexual objectification causes women to adopt a third-person perspective on their bodies, labeled self-objectification, which has harmful downstream consequences for their emotional well-being. However, previous…
Beyond Mars and Venus: The role of gender essentialism in support for gender inequality and backlash
It has been argued that gender essentialism impedes progress towards greater gender equality. Here we present a new gender essentialism scale (GES), and validate it in two large nationally representative samples from Denmark and Australia. In both samples the GES was highly reliable and predicted lack of support for sex-role egalitarianism and support for gender discrimination, as well as perceived fairness of gender-based treatment in the Austra…
IObjectify: Self‐ and other‐objectification on Grindr, a geosocial networking application designed for men who have sex with men
Grindr is a smartphone application for men who have sex with men (MSM). Despite its reputation as a ‘hook‐up app’, little is known about its users' self‐presentation strategies and how this relates to objectification. This article explores objectification on Grindr. The results of Study 1 showed that Grindr users objectified other men more than non‐Grindr users. A content analysis of 1400 Grindr profiles in Study 2 showed that profile pictures wi…
Psychological essentialism and stereotype endorsement
The role of meat consumption in the denial of moral status and mind to meat animals
Excluded from humanity: The dehumanizing effects of social ostracism
More human than you: Attributing humanness to self and others
People typically evaluate their in-groups more favorably than out-groups and themselves more favorably than others. Research on infrahumanization also suggests a preferential attribution of the "human essence" to in-groups, independent of in-group favoritism. The authors propose a corresponding phenomenon in interpersonal comparisons: People attribute greater humanness to themselves than to others, independent of self-enhancement. Study 1 and a p…
Objectification leads to depersonalization: The denial of mind and moral concern to objectified others
Philosophers have argued that when people are objectified they are treated as if they lack the mental states and moral status associated with personhood. These aspects of objectification have been neglected by psychologists. This research investigates the role of depersonalization in objectification. In Study 1, objectified women were attributed less mind and were accorded lesser moral status than non‐objectified women. In Study 2, we replicated …
Psychological Essentialism, Implicit Theories, and Intergroup Relations
Research on implicit person theories shows that beliefs about the malleability of human attributes have important implications for social cognition, interpersonal behavior, and intergroup relations. We argue that these implications can be understood within the framework of psychological essentialism, which extends work on implicit theories in promising directions. We review evidence that immutability beliefs covary with a broader set of essential…
Confusing one person with another: What errors reveal about the elementary forms of social relations
Seven studies investigated the cognitive structure of social relationships exhibited in the patterns of substitutions that occur when people confuse a person with another. The studies investigated natural errors in which people called a familiar person by the wrong name, misremembered with whom they had interacted, or mistakenly directed an action at an inappropriate person. These studies tested the relational-models theory of A. P. Fiske (1990b,…
Attributing Human Uniqueness and Human Nature to Cultural Groups: Distinct Forms of Subtle Dehumanization
Research on subtle dehumanization has focused on the attribution of human uniqueness to groups (infrahumanization), but has not examined another sense of humanness, human nature. Additionally, research has not extended far beyond Western cultures to examine the universality of these forms of dehumanization. Hence, the attribution of both forms of humanness was examined in three cross-cultural studies. Anglo-Australian and ethnic Chinese attribute…
Worth the Weight: The Objectification of Overweight Versus Thin Targets
Although the negative ramifications of others objectifying the female body are well established, little research has examined whether certain portrayals of women are more susceptible to being objectified. The present study sought to examine the effect of two target characteristics—body size and clothing style—on objectification. One hundred and ninety-one Australian undergraduate participants (95 female; M age = 19.35 years) viewed either an imag…
Understanding the Relationship between Attribute-Based and Metaphor-Based Dehumanization
Previous research has adopted two distinct approaches to the study of dehumanization. One has focused on the denial of human attributes to groups (attribute-based dehumanization) and the other on the likening of group members to nonhumans (metaphor-based dehumanization). The relationship between these two approaches has yet to be examined. The current studies seek to clarify this relationship by integrating the two approaches. Using Haslam and co…
Beastly: What Makes Animal Metaphors Offensive
Animal metaphors convey a wide range of meanings, from insulting slurs to expressions of love. Two studies examined factors contributing to the offensiveness of these metaphors. Study 1 examined 40 common metaphors, finding that their meanings were diverse but centered on depravity, disagreeableness, and stupidity. Their offensiveness was predicted by the revulsion felt toward the animal and by the dehumanizing view of the target that it implied.…
Mental representation of social relationships: Dimensions, laws, or categories
The study of social relationships lies at the heart of the social sciences, but psychologists' understanding of the cognitive structures that support them remains in the hinterlands. Two studies supported the proposal that social relationships are represented by a small number of implicit categorical forms in contrast with accounts proposing dimensional representations or formally specifiable laws. Discrete forms based on 2 of Alan Fiske's (1991,…
Factor Structure of Social Relationships: An Examination of Relational Models and Resource Exchange Theories
Although several accounts of elementary relational forms have been proposed, little empirical research has attempted to test, refine and compare them. Such research can strengthen claims that there are relational universals, and can provide a unifying framework and conceptual currency for further study. In the present study, the factor structure of 500 social relationships sampled from 50 undergraduate subjects was examined using items representi…
Dehumanization and Social Class: Animality in the Stereotypes of “White Trash,” “Chavs,” and “Bogans
Three studies examined whether animality is a component of low-SES stereotypes. In Study 1a-c, the content of "white trash" (USA), "chav" (UK), and "bogan" (Australia) stereotypes was found to be highly consistent, and in every culture it correlated positively with the stereotype content of apes. In Studies 2a and 2b, a within-subjects approach replicated this effect and revealed that it did not rely on derogatory labels or was reducible to ingro…
Beyond Prejudice: Extending the Social Psychology of Conflict, Inequality and Social Change
The concept of prejudice has profoundly influenced how we have investigated, explained and tried to change intergroup relations of discrimination and inequality. But what has this concept contributed to our knowledge of relations between groups and what has it obscured or misrepresented? How has it expanded or narrowed the horizons of psychological inquiry? How effective or ineffective has it been in guiding our attempts to transform social relat…
Suicidal Ideation and Distress Among Immigrant Adolescents: The Role of Acculturation, Life Stress, and Social Support
Evidence that male sexual orientation is a matter of degree
Whether male sexual orientation is best represented by discrete categories or by a continuum has been the focus of much debate. These alternatives were compared in an analysis of 1,138 men's scores on the Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory-2 Masculinity-Femininity Scale, an established correlate of male sexual orientation. Mixtures of 2 or 3 latent distributions did not fit the observed distribution of scores better than a single normal …
Implicit relationship prototypes: Investigating five theories of the cognitive organization of social relationships
How does it feel to be treated like an object? Direct and indirect effects of exposure to sexual objectification on women’s emotions in daily life
Exposure to sexual objectification is an everyday experience for many women, yet little is known about its emotional consequences. Fredrickson and Roberts' (1997) objectification theory proposed a within-person process, wherein exposure to sexual objectification causes women to adopt a third-person perspective on their bodies, labeled self-objectification, which has harmful downstream consequences for their emotional well-being. However, previous…
IObjectify: Self‐ and other‐objectification on Grindr, a geosocial networking application designed for men who have sex with men
Grindr is a smartphone application for men who have sex with men (MSM). Despite its reputation as a ‘hook‐up app’, little is known about its users' self‐presentation strategies and how this relates to objectification. This article explores objectification on Grindr. The results of Study 1 showed that Grindr users objectified other men more than non‐Grindr users. A content analysis of 1400 Grindr profiles in Study 2 showed that profile pictures wi…
Conceptual beliefs about human values and their implications: Human nature beliefs predict value importance, value trade-offs, and responses to value-laden rhetoric
Beliefs that may underlie the importance of human values were investigated in 4 studies, drawing on research that distinguishes natural-kind (natural), nominal-kind (conventional), and artifact (functional) beliefs. Values were best characterized by artifact and nominal-kind beliefs, as well as a natural-kind belief specific to the social domain, "human nature" (Studies 1 and 2). The extent to which values were considered central to human nature …
Psychological factors underlying attitudes toward AI tools
Is the Future more or less Human? Differing Views of Humanness in the Posthumanism Debate
A debate has emerged in the bioethics literature about the use of biotechnology to modify human nature. A failure to define humanness has produced conceptual confusion in this debate. We draw upon recent social psychological work on folk concepts of humanness and dehumanization to analyse the understandings of humanness that underpin the rival positions. We argue that advocates and opponents of human nature modification employ distinct conception…
Lay conceptions of mental disorder: The folk psychiatry model
This article presents a theoretical model of laypeople's conceptions of mental disorder that is intended to serve as a basis for research and practice. This “folk psychiatry” model proposes that mental disorders, and other forms of psychological deviancy, are understood in terms of four underlying dimensions. Each dimension has a distinct cognitive underpinning, which is grounded in recent social psychological research and theory. Research eviden…
The Lay Concept of 'Mental Disorder: A Cross-Cultural Study
Lay concepts of 'mental disorder' were investigated in three countries (U.S.A., Romania and Brazil). Participants judged whether a sample of conditions - some falling inside and some outside the borders defined by DSM-IV - were mental disorders, and rated them on features invoked in professional understandings of 'mental disorder.' The concept of mental disorder was considerably more inclusive and convergent with the DSM-IV in the American sample…
Confusing one person with another: What errors reveal about the elementary forms of social relations
Seven studies investigated the cognitive structure of social relationships exhibited in the patterns of substitutions that occur when people confuse a person with another. The studies investigated natural errors in which people called a familiar person by the wrong name, misremembered with whom they had interacted, or mistakenly directed an action at an inappropriate person. These studies tested the relational-models theory of A. P. Fiske (1990b,…
Prudence: Aristotelian perspectives on practical reason
Temperament and the transitional object
Implicit relationship prototypes: Investigating five theories of the cognitive organization of social relationships
Abstracts & Reviews: 4. General and Theoretical Issues
Mental representation of social relationships: Dimensions, laws, or categories
The study of social relationships lies at the heart of the social sciences, but psychologists' understanding of the cognitive structures that support them remains in the hinterlands. Two studies supported the proposal that social relationships are represented by a small number of implicit categorical forms in contrast with accounts proposing dimensional representations or formally specifiable laws. Discrete forms based on 2 of Alan Fiske's (1991,…
Negative affect and hindsight bias
The relationship between hindsight bias and individual differences in negative affect, or ‘dysphoria’, was investigated in a naturalistic study. In a first session, 76 undergraduates predicted their grades prior to a midterm exam. In a second session, after having received feedback from the exam, they attempted to recall their predictions and predicted their grades on a second exam. Dysphoria was associated with hindsight bias whether initial pre…
Factor Structure of Social Relationships: An Examination of Relational Models and Resource Exchange Theories
Although several accounts of elementary relational forms have been proposed, little empirical research has attempted to test, refine and compare them. Such research can strengthen claims that there are relational universals, and can provide a unifying framework and conceptual currency for further study. In the present study, the factor structure of 500 social relationships sampled from 50 undergraduate subjects was examined using items representi…
Robustness of Taxometric Analysis with Skewed Indicators: II. A Monte Carlo Study of the Maxcov Procedure
A small Monte Carlo study was conducted to determine whether MAXCOV analysis, a taxometric method for testing between discrete (“taxonic”) and continuous models of latent variables, is robust when indicators of the latent variable are skewed. Analysis of constructed data sets containing three levels of skew indicated that the MAXCOV procedure is unlikely to yield spurious findings of taxonicity even when skewness is considerable. However, care mu…
Robustness of Taxometric Analysis with Skewed Indicators: I. a Monte Carlo Study of the Mambac Procedure
A small Monte Carlo study was conducted to determine whether MAXCOV analysis, a taxometric method for testing between discrete ("taxonic") and continuous models of latent variables, is robust when indicators of the latent variable are skewed. Analysis of constructed data sets containing three levels of skew indicated that the MAXCOV procedure is unlikely to yield spurious findings of taxonicity even when skewness is considerable. However, care mu…
Distinctive Disorders are Less Prevalent
To test the hypothesis that nosologies are biased towards recognizing highly distinctive syndromes and therefore conflate those that are less distinctive, eight subjects judged the distinctiveness of 33 DSM-IV disorders and 20 rheumatic disorders. As predicted, judged distinctiveness was negatively correlated with prevalence for both sets of disorders
Distinctive Disorders Are Less Prevalent
The structure of social substitutions: A Test of Relational Models Theory
People often select a substitute to replace an intended interactant, thereby revealing how they represent their social intentions. Naturally-occurring substitutions preserved the relational model governing the interaction but not the characteristics of individual participants, indicating that social intentions are formulated in terms of relational rather than individual characteristics. © 1997 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd
Evidence that male sexual orientation is a matter of degree
Whether male sexual orientation is best represented by discrete categories or by a continuum has been the focus of much debate. These alternatives were compared in an analysis of 1,138 men's scores on the Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory-2 Masculinity-Femininity Scale, an established correlate of male sexual orientation. Mixtures of 2 or 3 latent distributions did not fit the observed distribution of scores better than a single normal …
Personality Disorders as Social Categories
On Social Structures: Differences of Degree or of Kind
Taxometric and related methods in relationships research
Research on personal relationships inescapably uses taxonomies for classifying people, relationships, and interpersonal processes and events, and often develops new ones. However, constructing a good taxonomy is no simple matter. Many existing classification methods have serious weaknesses, and they carry the risk of drawing taxonomic distinctions that are spurious. In addition, researchers frequently make unwarranted assumptions about the nature…
Relational models theory: A confirmatory factor analysis
Descriptive taxonomies of social relationships typically propose independent, bipolar dimensions, such as warmth/hostility, equality/inequality, and formality/informality. Relational models theory (Fiske, 1991), in contrast, proposes four potentially correlated, unipolar relational models. Features of the four models were subjected to confirmatory factor analyses that tested the unipolarity and non‐independence assumptions on a large sample of so…
Detecting complex patterns in interpersonal profiles
The assessment of interpersonal problems has advanced in recent years with the development of new methods for analysing individual profiles. These new methods assume that each profile can be modelled by a mathematical function that reflects the person's single prevailing interpersonal theme. However, some profiles may contain more complex patterns, with two or more distinct themes. Such complexities in a person's interpersonal profile might be cl…
Essentialist beliefs about social categories
This study examines beliefs about the ontological status of social categories, asking whether their members are understood to share fixed, inhering essences or natures. Forty social categories were rated on nine elements of essentialism. These elements formed two independent dimensions, representing the degrees to which categories are understood as natural kinds and as coherent entities with inhering cores (‘entitativity’ or reification), respect…
Detecting Latent Taxa: Monte Carlo Comparison of Taxometric, Mixture Model, and Clustering Procedures
A Monte Carlo evaluation of four procedures for detecting taxonicity was conducted using artificial data sets that were either taxonic or nontaxonic. The data sets were analyzed using two of Meehl's taxometric procedures, MAXCOV and MAMBAC, Ward's method for cluster analysis in concert with the cubic clustering criterion and a latent variable mixture modeling technique. Performance of the taxometric procedures and latent variable mixture modeling…
The Lay Concept of 'Mental Disorder: A Cross-Cultural Study
Lay concepts of 'mental disorder' were investigated in three countries (U.S.A., Romania and Brazil). Participants judged whether a sample of conditions - some falling inside and some outside the borders defined by DSM-IV - were mental disorders, and rated them on features invoked in professional understandings of 'mental disorder.' The concept of mental disorder was considerably more inclusive and convergent with the DSM-IV in the American sample…
Are essentialist beliefs associated with prejudice
Gordon Allport (1954) proposed that belief in group essences is one aspect of the prejudiced personality, alongside a rigid, dichotomous and ambiguity-intolerant cognitive style. We examined whether essentialist beliefs-beliefs that a social category has a fixed, inherent, identity-defining nature-are indeed associated in this fashion with prejudice towards black people, women and gay men. Allport's claim, which is mirrored by many contemporary s…
Essentialist Thinking About Depression: Evidence for Polarized Beliefs
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Taxometric Analysis of Fuzzy Categories: A Monte Carlo Study
A small Monte Carlo study examined the performance of a form of taxometric analysis (the MAXCOV procedure) with fuzzy data sets. These combine taxonic (categorical) and nontaxonic (continuous) features, containing a subset of cases with intermediate degrees of category membership. Fuzzy data sets tended to yield taxonic findings on plot inspection and two popular consistency tests, even when the degree of fuzziness, i.e., the proportion of interm…
Psychology (100 works) · Social Psychology (83 works) · Sociology (40 works) · Cultural Differences and Values (36 works) · Social Psychology (36 works) · Epistemology (35 works) · Social and Intergroup Psychology (33 works) · Psychology of Moral and Emotional Judgment (26 works) · Developmental psychology (24 works) · Political science (20 works)