Lee Ann Banaszak
Biographic Data
| ID | 648342 |
|---|---|
| NAME | Lee Ann Banaszak |
| GIVEN NAMES | Lee Ann |
| FAMILY NAME | Banaszak |
| SIGNATURE | BANASZAK L A |
| AFFILIATIONS | Pennsylvania State University |
| ORCID | 0000-0001-6425-9925 |
| VERIFIED | Yes |
| TOTAL WORKS | 21 |
| TOTAL CITATIONS | 242 |
| AUTHOR COUNT | 20 |
| EDITOR COUNT | 1 |
| FIRST PUBLICATION YEAR | 1993 |
| LATEST PUBLICATION YEAR | 2026 |
| H-INDEX | 8 |
Gender and the Reelection of Democratic Leaders
Since the 1960s, increasing numbers of women have won the highest office in the world’s democracies despite clear gender effects in gaining office. But does reelection show the same gendered effects? Recent research suggests that compared to male leaders, women leaders often come to high office in more difficult conditions; enter with lower approval ratings; and experience more rapid decline in ratings over time. We know little, however, about th…
Learning gender equality: How women’s protest influences youth gender attitudes
Current comparative analyses of gender attitudes among adolescents largely focus on individual-level characteristics. Understudied is the role of women's protest on adolescents' gender attitudes. This paper investigates how women's protests reported in national news shape young citizens' gender attitudes across 32 countries. Using the IEA International Civic and Citizenship Study survey data (2009), we test whether women's protests have a positiv…
Measuring Protest for Comparisons: Multidimensional Scaling of Action, Message, and Community
We introduce a fine-grained method of categorizing protests by their strategies and tactics that places protests in a multidimensional space based on motivations—direct change towards a policy or goal; changing public discourse narratives; and building movement identities or communities. This technique recognizes that multiple motivations may exist and allows protests to be compared based on where they are in multiple dimensions. To test our meth…
Years of the Nineteenth Amendment
100 Years of the Nineteenth Amendment looks back at the century since the amendment giving women in the United States the right to vote was ratified. The volume asks: how has women’s political engagement unfolded over the last one hundred years? The chapters consider women’s participation in electoral politics as well as their efforts in social movement activism. They reveal that, while women have made substantial strides in the political realm—f…
American Mothers of Nonviolence: An Appraisal of Women's Political Activism
This chapter explores the historical relationship between and dynamics among feminists and nonviolent activists in the United States, surveying three waves of feminist nonviolent mobilization and interrogating the contributions to and erasure of feminist thinking from popular nonviolence histories. The US feminist and nonviolence movements were born of the same social heart among early, nonviolent abolitionists. It was from the experience of marg…
Do Government Positions Held by Women Matter? A Cross-National Examination of Female Ministers' Impacts on Women's Political Participation
Current research shows that female legislators serve as role models for women. Understudied is how and the extent to which female ministers inspire women to participate in politics. We argue that with their high visibility and greater ability to influence policy, female ministers also serve as role models, but their influence differs depending on the form of political engagement. Using the World Values Survey and additional national-level variabl…
Explaining the Dynamics between the Women's Movement and the Conservative Movement in the United States
We examine the causes of movement and countermovement mobilization, focusing specifically on the effect that the national movements have on each other by responding directly to mobilization and indirectly through their policy successes. We discuss the mechanisms by which national movements respond to each other, and we examine the influence of political parties and social, political, and economic changes for women. We analyze these relationships …
Public Opinion as a Movement Outcome: The Case of the U.S. Women's Movement
We demonstrate that an important outcome of social movements is public opinion change, particularly in the case of the U.S. women's movement. We argue that contentious events associated with the women's movement provide informational cues that prime the public. This process then leads to changes in attitudes regarding gender. We use quarterly time series data on contentious events of the U.S. women's movement ranging from 1960 to 1992 and public …
The Hidden Women's Movement
It is important to take the time and look both backward and forward at the women's movement: how it has influenced the past and how it is likely to be important in the future. But why do we ask this question in the first place
Coalition type and voter support for parties: Grand coalitions in German elections
Response to Liesl Haas' review of The Women's Movement Inside and Outside the State
First, I want to thank Liesl Haas for her thoughtful and generous review of The Women's Movement Inside and Outside the State . She raises two set of questions which I would like to address here. First, she asks whether a better sample of insider activists would have been found by choosing key pieces of policy and identifying the major players as she does in her own book. While every sampling strategy represents a trade-off when no clear sampling…
Informal Institutions, Protest, and Change in Gendered Federal Systems
Federalism seems to play a widely varying role in maintaining or undermining gender hierarchies around the world. In 1869, for example, federalism allowed Wyoming—a new state in the United States—to enfranchise women before this happened at the national level. But in Switzerland, federalism let a recalcitrant canton disenfranchise women until the 1990s—20 years after women achieved the vote on the national level (Banaszak 1996). More generally, f…
Becoming Party Politicians: East German State Legislatures and the Decade Following Democratization
Becoming Party Politicians: East German State Legislatures and the Decade Following Democratization. By Louise Davidson-Schmich. Notre Dame, IN: University of Notre Dame Press, 2006. 232p. $27.50. The democratic transitions in Eastern Europe have inspired a host of research that utilizes these changes as a laboratory for examining the enduring question of how democracies can become or remain stable. In Becoming Party Politicians, Louise Davidson-…
Voter support for the German PDS over time: Dissatisfaction, ideology, losers and east identity
The Gendering State and Citizens' Attitudes toward Women's Roles: State Policy, Employment, and Religion in Germany
This study explores how the state genders citizens' attitudes toward women by examining differences between East and West Germany in gender role attitudes since unification. Compared to the Federal Republic of Germany (FRG), the German Democratic Republic (GDR) was a stronger supporter of women's employment, although the two countries did not differ greatly in their policies on women's roles within the family. Using four waves of the German Socia…
East-West Differences in German Abortion Opinion
Journal Article East-West Differences in German Abortion Opinion Get access LEE ANN BANASZAK LEE ANN BANASZAK Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Public Opinion Quarterly, Volume 62, Issue 4, February 1998, Pages 545–582, https://doi.org/10.1086/297860 Published: 01 February 1998
Why Movements Succeed or Fail: Opportunity, Culture, and the Struggle for Woman Suffrage
Wyoming became the first American state to adopt female suffrage in 1869--a time when no country permitted women to vote. When the last Swiss canton enfranchised women in 1990, few countries barred women from the polls. Why did pro-suffrage activists in the United States and Switzerland have such varying success? Comparing suffrage campaigns in forty-eight American states and twenty-five Swiss cantons, Lee Ann Banaszak argues that movement tactic…
When Waves Collide: Cycles of Protest and the Swiss and American Women's Movements
When Waves Collide: Cycles of Protest and the Swiss and American Women's Movements
This article makes two related arguments. First, a rising cycle of protest may influence existing movements by altering their tactics, providing new allies, and altering others' perceptions of the movements. I illustrate these effects with examples drawn from the Swiss women's movement. The Swiss women's movement is unique because the first wave was still pursuing the enfranchisement of women when the second wave mobilized in the 1960s. Second, I…
The Social Bases of Feminism in the European Community
Although several studies explore the political environments and institutional features of Western European women's movements, few have examined the mass attitudinal bases for feminist politics in Europe. This article extends the study of feminist politics by testing models of feminist attitudes developed in the United States with data collected in the European Community in 1983. We explore the connections between the support of feminist goals and…
Contextual Determinants of Feminist Attitudes: National and Subnational Influences in Western Europe
We augment the survey-based studies of attitudes toward feminism with comparative, contextual perspectives emphasizing the importance of social structure and culture. In doing so, we are able to assess the relative merits of two very different structural theories. Most researchers implicitly assume a simple linear effect of social context on attitudes. On the other hand, some early works on American conservatism suggest to us that status disconte…
Contextual Determinants of Feminist Attitudes: National and Subnational Influences in Western Europe
We augment the survey-based studies of attitudes toward feminism with comparative, contextual perspectives emphasizing the importance of social structure and culture. In doing so, we are able to assess the relative merits of two very different structural theories. Most researchers implicitly assume a simple linear effect of social context on attitudes. On the other hand, some early works on American conservatism suggest to us that status disconte…
Do Government Positions Held by Women Matter? A Cross-National Examination of Female Ministers' Impacts on Women's Political Participation
Current research shows that female legislators serve as role models for women. Understudied is how and the extent to which female ministers inspire women to participate in politics. We argue that with their high visibility and greater ability to influence policy, female ministers also serve as role models, but their influence differs depending on the form of political engagement. Using the World Values Survey and additional national-level variabl…
The Social Bases of Feminism in the European Community
Although several studies explore the political environments and institutional features of Western European women's movements, few have examined the mass attitudinal bases for feminist politics in Europe. This article extends the study of feminist politics by testing models of feminist attitudes developed in the United States with data collected in the European Community in 1983. We explore the connections between the support of feminist goals and…
Public Opinion as a Movement Outcome: The Case of the U.S. Women's Movement
We demonstrate that an important outcome of social movements is public opinion change, particularly in the case of the U.S. women's movement. We argue that contentious events associated with the women's movement provide informational cues that prime the public. This process then leads to changes in attitudes regarding gender. We use quarterly time series data on contentious events of the U.S. women's movement ranging from 1960 to 1992 and public …
Voter support for the German PDS over time: Dissatisfaction, ideology, losers and east identity
The Gendering State and Citizens' Attitudes toward Women's Roles: State Policy, Employment, and Religion in Germany
This study explores how the state genders citizens' attitudes toward women by examining differences between East and West Germany in gender role attitudes since unification. Compared to the Federal Republic of Germany (FRG), the German Democratic Republic (GDR) was a stronger supporter of women's employment, although the two countries did not differ greatly in their policies on women's roles within the family. Using four waves of the German Socia…
Informal Institutions, Protest, and Change in Gendered Federal Systems
Federalism seems to play a widely varying role in maintaining or undermining gender hierarchies around the world. In 1869, for example, federalism allowed Wyoming—a new state in the United States—to enfranchise women before this happened at the national level. But in Switzerland, federalism let a recalcitrant canton disenfranchise women until the 1990s—20 years after women achieved the vote on the national level (Banaszak 1996). More generally, f…
Coalition type and voter support for parties: Grand coalitions in German elections
When Waves Collide: Cycles of Protest and the Swiss and American Women's Movements
This article makes two related arguments. First, a rising cycle of protest may influence existing movements by altering their tactics, providing new allies, and altering others' perceptions of the movements. I illustrate these effects with examples drawn from the Swiss women's movement. The Swiss women's movement is unique because the first wave was still pursuing the enfranchisement of women when the second wave mobilized in the 1960s. Second, I…
East-West Differences in German Abortion Opinion
Journal Article East-West Differences in German Abortion Opinion Get access LEE ANN BANASZAK LEE ANN BANASZAK Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Public Opinion Quarterly, Volume 62, Issue 4, February 1998, Pages 545–582, https://doi.org/10.1086/297860 Published: 01 February 1998
Learning gender equality: How women’s protest influences youth gender attitudes
Current comparative analyses of gender attitudes among adolescents largely focus on individual-level characteristics. Understudied is the role of women's protest on adolescents' gender attitudes. This paper investigates how women's protests reported in national news shape young citizens' gender attitudes across 32 countries. Using the IEA International Civic and Citizenship Study survey data (2009), we test whether women's protests have a positiv…
The Hidden Women's Movement
It is important to take the time and look both backward and forward at the women's movement: how it has influenced the past and how it is likely to be important in the future. But why do we ask this question in the first place
The Social Bases of Feminism in the European Community
Although several studies explore the political environments and institutional features of Western European women's movements, few have examined the mass attitudinal bases for feminist politics in Europe. This article extends the study of feminist politics by testing models of feminist attitudes developed in the United States with data collected in the European Community in 1983. We explore the connections between the support of feminist goals and…
Contextual Determinants of Feminist Attitudes: National and Subnational Influences in Western Europe
We augment the survey-based studies of attitudes toward feminism with comparative, contextual perspectives emphasizing the importance of social structure and culture. In doing so, we are able to assess the relative merits of two very different structural theories. Most researchers implicitly assume a simple linear effect of social context on attitudes. On the other hand, some early works on American conservatism suggest to us that status disconte…
Why Movements Succeed or Fail: Opportunity, Culture, and the Struggle for Woman Suffrage
Wyoming became the first American state to adopt female suffrage in 1869--a time when no country permitted women to vote. When the last Swiss canton enfranchised women in 1990, few countries barred women from the polls. Why did pro-suffrage activists in the United States and Switzerland have such varying success? Comparing suffrage campaigns in forty-eight American states and twenty-five Swiss cantons, Lee Ann Banaszak argues that movement tactic…
When Waves Collide: Cycles of Protest and the Swiss and American Women's Movements
When Waves Collide: Cycles of Protest and the Swiss and American Women's Movements
This article makes two related arguments. First, a rising cycle of protest may influence existing movements by altering their tactics, providing new allies, and altering others' perceptions of the movements. I illustrate these effects with examples drawn from the Swiss women's movement. The Swiss women's movement is unique because the first wave was still pursuing the enfranchisement of women when the second wave mobilized in the 1960s. Second, I…
East-West Differences in German Abortion Opinion
Journal Article East-West Differences in German Abortion Opinion Get access LEE ANN BANASZAK LEE ANN BANASZAK Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Public Opinion Quarterly, Volume 62, Issue 4, February 1998, Pages 545–582, https://doi.org/10.1086/297860 Published: 01 February 1998
The Gendering State and Citizens' Attitudes toward Women's Roles: State Policy, Employment, and Religion in Germany
This study explores how the state genders citizens' attitudes toward women by examining differences between East and West Germany in gender role attitudes since unification. Compared to the Federal Republic of Germany (FRG), the German Democratic Republic (GDR) was a stronger supporter of women's employment, although the two countries did not differ greatly in their policies on women's roles within the family. Using four waves of the German Socia…
Becoming Party Politicians: East German State Legislatures and the Decade Following Democratization
Becoming Party Politicians: East German State Legislatures and the Decade Following Democratization. By Louise Davidson-Schmich. Notre Dame, IN: University of Notre Dame Press, 2006. 232p. $27.50. The democratic transitions in Eastern Europe have inspired a host of research that utilizes these changes as a laboratory for examining the enduring question of how democracies can become or remain stable. In Becoming Party Politicians, Louise Davidson-…
Voter support for the German PDS over time: Dissatisfaction, ideology, losers and east identity
Response to Liesl Haas' review of The Women's Movement Inside and Outside the State
First, I want to thank Liesl Haas for her thoughtful and generous review of The Women's Movement Inside and Outside the State . She raises two set of questions which I would like to address here. First, she asks whether a better sample of insider activists would have been found by choosing key pieces of policy and identifying the major players as she does in her own book. While every sampling strategy represents a trade-off when no clear sampling…
Informal Institutions, Protest, and Change in Gendered Federal Systems
Federalism seems to play a widely varying role in maintaining or undermining gender hierarchies around the world. In 1869, for example, federalism allowed Wyoming—a new state in the United States—to enfranchise women before this happened at the national level. But in Switzerland, federalism let a recalcitrant canton disenfranchise women until the 1990s—20 years after women achieved the vote on the national level (Banaszak 1996). More generally, f…
Coalition type and voter support for parties: Grand coalitions in German elections
The Hidden Women's Movement
It is important to take the time and look both backward and forward at the women's movement: how it has influenced the past and how it is likely to be important in the future. But why do we ask this question in the first place
Explaining the Dynamics between the Women's Movement and the Conservative Movement in the United States
We examine the causes of movement and countermovement mobilization, focusing specifically on the effect that the national movements have on each other by responding directly to mobilization and indirectly through their policy successes. We discuss the mechanisms by which national movements respond to each other, and we examine the influence of political parties and social, political, and economic changes for women. We analyze these relationships …
Public Opinion as a Movement Outcome: The Case of the U.S. Women's Movement
We demonstrate that an important outcome of social movements is public opinion change, particularly in the case of the U.S. women's movement. We argue that contentious events associated with the women's movement provide informational cues that prime the public. This process then leads to changes in attitudes regarding gender. We use quarterly time series data on contentious events of the U.S. women's movement ranging from 1960 to 1992 and public …
Do Government Positions Held by Women Matter? A Cross-National Examination of Female Ministers' Impacts on Women's Political Participation
Current research shows that female legislators serve as role models for women. Understudied is how and the extent to which female ministers inspire women to participate in politics. We argue that with their high visibility and greater ability to influence policy, female ministers also serve as role models, but their influence differs depending on the form of political engagement. Using the World Values Survey and additional national-level variabl…
Years of the Nineteenth Amendment
100 Years of the Nineteenth Amendment looks back at the century since the amendment giving women in the United States the right to vote was ratified. The volume asks: how has women’s political engagement unfolded over the last one hundred years? The chapters consider women’s participation in electoral politics as well as their efforts in social movement activism. They reveal that, while women have made substantial strides in the political realm—f…
American Mothers of Nonviolence: An Appraisal of Women's Political Activism
This chapter explores the historical relationship between and dynamics among feminists and nonviolent activists in the United States, surveying three waves of feminist nonviolent mobilization and interrogating the contributions to and erasure of feminist thinking from popular nonviolence histories. The US feminist and nonviolence movements were born of the same social heart among early, nonviolent abolitionists. It was from the experience of marg…
Measuring Protest for Comparisons: Multidimensional Scaling of Action, Message, and Community
We introduce a fine-grained method of categorizing protests by their strategies and tactics that places protests in a multidimensional space based on motivations—direct change towards a policy or goal; changing public discourse narratives; and building movement identities or communities. This technique recognizes that multiple motivations may exist and allows protests to be compared based on where they are in multiple dimensions. To test our meth…
Learning gender equality: How women’s protest influences youth gender attitudes
Current comparative analyses of gender attitudes among adolescents largely focus on individual-level characteristics. Understudied is the role of women's protest on adolescents' gender attitudes. This paper investigates how women's protests reported in national news shape young citizens' gender attitudes across 32 countries. Using the IEA International Civic and Citizenship Study survey data (2009), we test whether women's protests have a positiv…
Gender and the Reelection of Democratic Leaders
Since the 1960s, increasing numbers of women have won the highest office in the world’s democracies despite clear gender effects in gaining office. But does reelection show the same gendered effects? Recent research suggests that compared to male leaders, women leaders often come to high office in more difficult conditions; enter with lower approval ratings; and experience more rapid decline in ratings over time. We know little, however, about th…
Political science (19 works) · Politics (17 works) · Sociology (15 works) · Law (14 works) · Gender Politics and Representation (12 works) · Law (11 works) · Electoral Systems and Political Participation (8 works) · Gender Studies (7 works) · Political economy (7 works) · Democracy (6 works)