Debra L Oswald
Biographic Data
| ID | 648978 |
|---|---|
| NAME | Debra L Oswald |
| GIVEN NAMES | Debra L |
| FAMILY NAME | Oswald |
| SIGNATURE | OSWALD D L |
| AFFILIATIONS | Marquette University |
| ORCID | 0000-0002-0784-2062 |
| VERIFIED | Yes |
| TOTAL WORKS | 25 |
| TOTAL CITATIONS | 187 |
| AUTHOR COUNT | 25 |
| EDITOR COUNT | 0 |
| FIRST PUBLICATION YEAR | 2001 |
| LATEST PUBLICATION YEAR | 2026 |
| H-INDEX | 7 |
Women's experience with gender‐based discrimination, social support, and health outcomes: A subgroup analysis of the All of Us Research Program study
Women in the United States experience gender‐based discrimination frequently, and these experiences appear to be negatively associated with health outcomes. The current study conducted an intersectional, subgroup analysis by ethnicity of women's experiences with gender‐based everyday discrimination and the associations with their reported mental health, emotional problems, and physical health. Social support was examined as a possible moderator o…
What makes a liberal feminist? Identifying predictors of heterosexual women and men's liberal feminist ideology
In the wake of the #MeToo movement, liberal feminism has garnered the spotlight on equal rights for women. However, what factors contribute to men and women developing liberal feminist ideologies? This is important to understand as this ideology is predictive of support for political and social policies that are currently under debate in the United States. In this survey study (149 heterosexual men and 233 heterosexual women) we examined attitudi…
Perceptions of sexism through a Latine lens
This study aims to compare Latine men and women's perceptions of hostile and benevolent sexist behaviors, while also examining the associations between these perceptions and Latine cultural values. Participants who identified as Latine (55 men, 57 women; M age = 32.05, SD = 10.63) were presented with 14 scenarios reflecting hostile and benevolent sexist interactions and were asked to rate their perceptions of these interactions as sexist and cari…
Unveiling the Relationships Between Household Labor and Maternal Well‐Being
In this study, we investigated whether mothers' engagement in household labor, and perceptions of their own and partner's increased household labor, relate to maternal well‐being (burnout and flourishing) and mental health (anxiety and depression). Mothers of children under the age of 18 ( N = 213) completed online questionnaires. Mothers' total time spent on household labor was associated with increased odds of having clinically significant leve…
Who supports #MeToo and the Kavanaugh confirmation? Exploring tolerance for sexual harassment among young adults
Young adults have become increasingly involved in political and social movements around sexual harassment. This involvement likely reflects political identity as well ideological beliefs about sexual harassment. We examined how young adults’ ideological beliefs and political party identity are associated with their tolerance of sexual harassment, support for the #MeToo movement and the confirmation of Justice Kavanaugh. Tolerance for sexual haras…
Sexual minority behavioral health outcomes: The role of identity authenticity and self-regulation
American Women’s Experiences With Intimate Partner Violence during the Start of the Covid-19 Pandemic: Risk Factors and Mental Health Implications
In an online survey, women self-reported high prevalence of intimate partner violence during the early days of the pandemic. Risk factors for experiencing intimate partner violence (IPV) included having a child under the age of 18, being a sexual minority, living in a rural community, and stressors related to healthcare access, income/employment stress, and COVID-19 exposure or illness. Women who worked during the pandemic and were older were les…
The Relationship between God’s Gender, Gender System Justification and Sexism
Behavioral scientists and feminist theologians have long theorized that religions that primarily conceptualize God (and other divine authority figures) as male can legitimatize the social and political authority of men in society, as well as legitimatize and rationalize gender inequality. In the current study, we examined the relationship between gendered God concepts, Gender Specific System Justification and Ambivalent Sexism. In Studies 1 and 2…
Experiences with Benevolent Sexism: Scale Development and Associations with Women’s Well-Being
Who Believes in a Male God? Ideological Beliefs and Gendered Conceptualizations of God
Recent studies have explored whether certain conceptualizations of God are associated with various attitudes and beliefs. In the current study, we examined the relationship between gendered God concepts and the belief that God is involved in one’s life and religious-related rigid ideologies (i.e., religious fundamentalism and right-wing authoritarianism [RWA]). Across two studies, one conducted with religious students at a Jesuit university and t…
Revising the Body Esteem Scale with a U.S. College Student Sample: Evaluation, Validation, and Uses for the BES-R
How gender affects heterosexual allies’ intentions of confronting sexual prejudice
Sexual prejudice and discrimination are extremely prevalent throughout society, and previous research suggests that there are a multitude of negative consequences associated with being the target of this prejudice. One way of reducing prejudice is for heterosexual allies to confront the perpetrator
When Sexism Cuts Both Ways: Predictors of Tolerance of Sexual Harassment of Men
This study explored whether tolerance of sexual harassment of men (TSHM) is driven by a common set of sexist ideologies typically found to be related to tolerance of sexual harassment of women. University students ( N = 433) completed a modified version of the Sexual Harassment Attitude Scale (SHAS) designed to measure TSHM. Predictor variables included sexual harassment myths about women, modern sexism, hostile, and benevolent sexism toward men …
Status, Threat, and Stereotypes: Understanding the Function of Rape Myth Acceptance
Shyness and online social networking services
Online social networking services are Internet websites that allow individuals to learn about and communicate with others. This study investigated the association between use of these websites and friendship quality for individuals varying in shyness. Participants (N = 241) completed questionnaires assessing their use of Facebook, an online social networking service, shyness, perceived available social support, loneliness, and friendship quality.…
Power, Sex, and Rape Myth Acceptance: Testing Two Models of Rape Proclivity
Power and sex are thought to be important factors associated with sexual aggression. The goal of this study was to offer a dual-process model to determine how both an implicit power-sex association and explicit power-sex beliefs contribute to rape myth acceptance and rape proclivity. In Study 1, an explicit measure of power-sex beliefs was developed using a participant sample of 131 college students (54% female; age: M = 20.2 years, SD = 3.5 year…
Male Rape Myths: The Role of Gender, Violence, and Sexism
This study investigates the structure of Struckman-Johnson and Struckman-Johnson's Male Rape Myth Scale, examines gender differences in rape myth acceptance, and explores the underlying ideologies that facilitate male rape myth acceptance. A three-factor model, with rape myths regarding Trauma, Blame, and Denial as separate subscales, is the best fitting solution. However, the results indicate that additional scale development and validity tests …
Gender Stereotypes and Women's Reports of Liking and Ability in Traditionally Masculine and Feminine Occupations
Gender stereotypes were examined for their causal influence on women's reported liking for and perceived ability to succeed in traditionally masculine and feminine occupations. One hundred twenty-one women were assigned to either a gender-stereotype activation or filler task and then completed measures of liking for, and perceived ability to succeed in, traditionally masculine and feminine occupations. Strongly gender-identified women showed sign…
How Ambivalent Sexism Toward Women and Men Support Rape Myth Acceptance
How do friendship maintenance behaviors and problem‐solving styles function at the individual and dyadic levels
Friendship maintenance behaviors and problem‐solving styles are both important for relationship satisfaction and commitment. However, the association between maintenance and problem‐solving styles is unclear. Furthermore, it has not been determined if maintenance and problem‐solving styles are individual‐ or dyadic‐level behaviors. One hundred forty‐eight friendship dyads completed measures of friendship maintenance, problem solving, and satisfac…
The Content and Function of Gender Self-stereotypes: An Exploratory Investigation
Perceptions of sexual coercion in heterosexual dating relationships: The role of aggressor gender and tactics
A large body of research has found a concerning prevalence rate of sexual coercion in heterosexual college student dating relationships; however, little research has examined how college students perceive and interpret these behaviors. In the current study we examined the impact of initiator gender and sexually coercive strategy (verbal pressure, purposeful intoxication, physical force, or control/mutual consent) on perceptions of the aggressor, …
Best friends forever: High school best friendships and the transition to college
The transition from high school to college is an important phase for adolescents in social as well as academic aspects. This study examined the changes that occur in high school best friendships during the first year of college. Results revealed that during the first year in college high school best friendships declined in satisfaction, commitment, rewards, and investments. During this period there was also an increase in costs and alternatives t…
A Q-Methodological Study of Women's Subjective Perspectives on Mathematics
Strategies and Dispositional Correlates of Sexual Coercion Perpetrated by Women: An Exploratory Investigation
How Ambivalent Sexism Toward Women and Men Support Rape Myth Acceptance
Perceptions of sexual coercion in heterosexual dating relationships: The role of aggressor gender and tactics
A large body of research has found a concerning prevalence rate of sexual coercion in heterosexual college student dating relationships; however, little research has examined how college students perceive and interpret these behaviors. In the current study we examined the impact of initiator gender and sexually coercive strategy (verbal pressure, purposeful intoxication, physical force, or control/mutual consent) on perceptions of the aggressor, …
Power, Sex, and Rape Myth Acceptance: Testing Two Models of Rape Proclivity
Power and sex are thought to be important factors associated with sexual aggression. The goal of this study was to offer a dual-process model to determine how both an implicit power-sex association and explicit power-sex beliefs contribute to rape myth acceptance and rape proclivity. In Study 1, an explicit measure of power-sex beliefs was developed using a participant sample of 131 college students (54% female; age: M = 20.2 years, SD = 3.5 year…
Experiences with Benevolent Sexism: Scale Development and Associations with Women’s Well-Being
Shyness and online social networking services
Online social networking services are Internet websites that allow individuals to learn about and communicate with others. This study investigated the association between use of these websites and friendship quality for individuals varying in shyness. Participants (N = 241) completed questionnaires assessing their use of Facebook, an online social networking service, shyness, perceived available social support, loneliness, and friendship quality.…
Strategies and Dispositional Correlates of Sexual Coercion Perpetrated by Women: An Exploratory Investigation
When Sexism Cuts Both Ways: Predictors of Tolerance of Sexual Harassment of Men
This study explored whether tolerance of sexual harassment of men (TSHM) is driven by a common set of sexist ideologies typically found to be related to tolerance of sexual harassment of women. University students ( N = 433) completed a modified version of the Sexual Harassment Attitude Scale (SHAS) designed to measure TSHM. Predictor variables included sexual harassment myths about women, modern sexism, hostile, and benevolent sexism toward men …
Gender Stereotypes and Women's Reports of Liking and Ability in Traditionally Masculine and Feminine Occupations
Gender stereotypes were examined for their causal influence on women's reported liking for and perceived ability to succeed in traditionally masculine and feminine occupations. One hundred twenty-one women were assigned to either a gender-stereotype activation or filler task and then completed measures of liking for, and perceived ability to succeed in, traditionally masculine and feminine occupations. Strongly gender-identified women showed sign…
Who supports #MeToo and the Kavanaugh confirmation? Exploring tolerance for sexual harassment among young adults
Young adults have become increasingly involved in political and social movements around sexual harassment. This involvement likely reflects political identity as well ideological beliefs about sexual harassment. We examined how young adults’ ideological beliefs and political party identity are associated with their tolerance of sexual harassment, support for the #MeToo movement and the confirmation of Justice Kavanaugh. Tolerance for sexual haras…
How gender affects heterosexual allies’ intentions of confronting sexual prejudice
Sexual prejudice and discrimination are extremely prevalent throughout society, and previous research suggests that there are a multitude of negative consequences associated with being the target of this prejudice. One way of reducing prejudice is for heterosexual allies to confront the perpetrator
Revising the Body Esteem Scale with a U.S. College Student Sample: Evaluation, Validation, and Uses for the BES-R
A Q-Methodological Study of Women's Subjective Perspectives on Mathematics
The Relationship between God’s Gender, Gender System Justification and Sexism
Behavioral scientists and feminist theologians have long theorized that religions that primarily conceptualize God (and other divine authority figures) as male can legitimatize the social and political authority of men in society, as well as legitimatize and rationalize gender inequality. In the current study, we examined the relationship between gendered God concepts, Gender Specific System Justification and Ambivalent Sexism. In Studies 1 and 2…
The Content and Function of Gender Self-stereotypes: An Exploratory Investigation
Status, Threat, and Stereotypes: Understanding the Function of Rape Myth Acceptance
Sexual minority behavioral health outcomes: The role of identity authenticity and self-regulation
American Women’s Experiences With Intimate Partner Violence during the Start of the Covid-19 Pandemic: Risk Factors and Mental Health Implications
In an online survey, women self-reported high prevalence of intimate partner violence during the early days of the pandemic. Risk factors for experiencing intimate partner violence (IPV) included having a child under the age of 18, being a sexual minority, living in a rural community, and stressors related to healthcare access, income/employment stress, and COVID-19 exposure or illness. Women who worked during the pandemic and were older were les…
Who Believes in a Male God? Ideological Beliefs and Gendered Conceptualizations of God
Recent studies have explored whether certain conceptualizations of God are associated with various attitudes and beliefs. In the current study, we examined the relationship between gendered God concepts and the belief that God is involved in one’s life and religious-related rigid ideologies (i.e., religious fundamentalism and right-wing authoritarianism [RWA]). Across two studies, one conducted with religious students at a Jesuit university and t…
Strategies and Dispositional Correlates of Sexual Coercion Perpetrated by Women: An Exploratory Investigation
Best friends forever: High school best friendships and the transition to college
The transition from high school to college is an important phase for adolescents in social as well as academic aspects. This study examined the changes that occur in high school best friendships during the first year of college. Results revealed that during the first year in college high school best friendships declined in satisfaction, commitment, rewards, and investments. During this period there was also an increase in costs and alternatives t…
A Q-Methodological Study of Women's Subjective Perspectives on Mathematics
How do friendship maintenance behaviors and problem‐solving styles function at the individual and dyadic levels
Friendship maintenance behaviors and problem‐solving styles are both important for relationship satisfaction and commitment. However, the association between maintenance and problem‐solving styles is unclear. Furthermore, it has not been determined if maintenance and problem‐solving styles are individual‐ or dyadic‐level behaviors. One hundred forty‐eight friendship dyads completed measures of friendship maintenance, problem solving, and satisfac…
The Content and Function of Gender Self-stereotypes: An Exploratory Investigation
Perceptions of sexual coercion in heterosexual dating relationships: The role of aggressor gender and tactics
A large body of research has found a concerning prevalence rate of sexual coercion in heterosexual college student dating relationships; however, little research has examined how college students perceive and interpret these behaviors. In the current study we examined the impact of initiator gender and sexually coercive strategy (verbal pressure, purposeful intoxication, physical force, or control/mutual consent) on perceptions of the aggressor, …
How Ambivalent Sexism Toward Women and Men Support Rape Myth Acceptance
Male Rape Myths: The Role of Gender, Violence, and Sexism
This study investigates the structure of Struckman-Johnson and Struckman-Johnson's Male Rape Myth Scale, examines gender differences in rape myth acceptance, and explores the underlying ideologies that facilitate male rape myth acceptance. A three-factor model, with rape myths regarding Trauma, Blame, and Denial as separate subscales, is the best fitting solution. However, the results indicate that additional scale development and validity tests …
Gender Stereotypes and Women's Reports of Liking and Ability in Traditionally Masculine and Feminine Occupations
Gender stereotypes were examined for their causal influence on women's reported liking for and perceived ability to succeed in traditionally masculine and feminine occupations. One hundred twenty-one women were assigned to either a gender-stereotype activation or filler task and then completed measures of liking for, and perceived ability to succeed in, traditionally masculine and feminine occupations. Strongly gender-identified women showed sign…
Power, Sex, and Rape Myth Acceptance: Testing Two Models of Rape Proclivity
Power and sex are thought to be important factors associated with sexual aggression. The goal of this study was to offer a dual-process model to determine how both an implicit power-sex association and explicit power-sex beliefs contribute to rape myth acceptance and rape proclivity. In Study 1, an explicit measure of power-sex beliefs was developed using a participant sample of 131 college students (54% female; age: M = 20.2 years, SD = 3.5 year…
Shyness and online social networking services
Online social networking services are Internet websites that allow individuals to learn about and communicate with others. This study investigated the association between use of these websites and friendship quality for individuals varying in shyness. Participants (N = 241) completed questionnaires assessing their use of Facebook, an online social networking service, shyness, perceived available social support, loneliness, and friendship quality.…
Status, Threat, and Stereotypes: Understanding the Function of Rape Myth Acceptance
How gender affects heterosexual allies’ intentions of confronting sexual prejudice
Sexual prejudice and discrimination are extremely prevalent throughout society, and previous research suggests that there are a multitude of negative consequences associated with being the target of this prejudice. One way of reducing prejudice is for heterosexual allies to confront the perpetrator
When Sexism Cuts Both Ways: Predictors of Tolerance of Sexual Harassment of Men
This study explored whether tolerance of sexual harassment of men (TSHM) is driven by a common set of sexist ideologies typically found to be related to tolerance of sexual harassment of women. University students ( N = 433) completed a modified version of the Sexual Harassment Attitude Scale (SHAS) designed to measure TSHM. Predictor variables included sexual harassment myths about women, modern sexism, hostile, and benevolent sexism toward men …
Who Believes in a Male God? Ideological Beliefs and Gendered Conceptualizations of God
Recent studies have explored whether certain conceptualizations of God are associated with various attitudes and beliefs. In the current study, we examined the relationship between gendered God concepts and the belief that God is involved in one’s life and religious-related rigid ideologies (i.e., religious fundamentalism and right-wing authoritarianism [RWA]). Across two studies, one conducted with religious students at a Jesuit university and t…
Revising the Body Esteem Scale with a U.S. College Student Sample: Evaluation, Validation, and Uses for the BES-R
Experiences with Benevolent Sexism: Scale Development and Associations with Women’s Well-Being
The Relationship between God’s Gender, Gender System Justification and Sexism
Behavioral scientists and feminist theologians have long theorized that religions that primarily conceptualize God (and other divine authority figures) as male can legitimatize the social and political authority of men in society, as well as legitimatize and rationalize gender inequality. In the current study, we examined the relationship between gendered God concepts, Gender Specific System Justification and Ambivalent Sexism. In Studies 1 and 2…
Sexual minority behavioral health outcomes: The role of identity authenticity and self-regulation
American Women’s Experiences With Intimate Partner Violence during the Start of the Covid-19 Pandemic: Risk Factors and Mental Health Implications
In an online survey, women self-reported high prevalence of intimate partner violence during the early days of the pandemic. Risk factors for experiencing intimate partner violence (IPV) included having a child under the age of 18, being a sexual minority, living in a rural community, and stressors related to healthcare access, income/employment stress, and COVID-19 exposure or illness. Women who worked during the pandemic and were older were les…
Who supports #MeToo and the Kavanaugh confirmation? Exploring tolerance for sexual harassment among young adults
Young adults have become increasingly involved in political and social movements around sexual harassment. This involvement likely reflects political identity as well ideological beliefs about sexual harassment. We examined how young adults’ ideological beliefs and political party identity are associated with their tolerance of sexual harassment, support for the #MeToo movement and the confirmation of Justice Kavanaugh. Tolerance for sexual haras…
What makes a liberal feminist? Identifying predictors of heterosexual women and men's liberal feminist ideology
In the wake of the #MeToo movement, liberal feminism has garnered the spotlight on equal rights for women. However, what factors contribute to men and women developing liberal feminist ideologies? This is important to understand as this ideology is predictive of support for political and social policies that are currently under debate in the United States. In this survey study (149 heterosexual men and 233 heterosexual women) we examined attitudi…
Perceptions of sexism through a Latine lens
This study aims to compare Latine men and women's perceptions of hostile and benevolent sexist behaviors, while also examining the associations between these perceptions and Latine cultural values. Participants who identified as Latine (55 men, 57 women; M age = 32.05, SD = 10.63) were presented with 14 scenarios reflecting hostile and benevolent sexist interactions and were asked to rate their perceptions of these interactions as sexist and cari…
Unveiling the Relationships Between Household Labor and Maternal Well‐Being
In this study, we investigated whether mothers' engagement in household labor, and perceptions of their own and partner's increased household labor, relate to maternal well‐being (burnout and flourishing) and mental health (anxiety and depression). Mothers of children under the age of 18 ( N = 213) completed online questionnaires. Mothers' total time spent on household labor was associated with increased odds of having clinically significant leve…
Women's experience with gender‐based discrimination, social support, and health outcomes: A subgroup analysis of the All of Us Research Program study
Women in the United States experience gender‐based discrimination frequently, and these experiences appear to be negatively associated with health outcomes. The current study conducted an intersectional, subgroup analysis by ethnicity of women's experiences with gender‐based everyday discrimination and the associations with their reported mental health, emotional problems, and physical health. Social support was examined as a possible moderator o…
Psychology (23 works) · Social Psychology (18 works) · Social Psychology (16 works) · Developmental psychology (14 works) · Sexual Assault and Victimization Studies (9 works) · Political science (7 works) · Ideology (6 works) · Intimate Partner and Family Violence (6 works) · Politics (6 works) · Social and Intergroup Psychology (6 works)