Peter S Lehmann
Biographic Data
| ID | 660345 |
|---|---|
| NAME | Peter S Lehmann |
| GIVEN NAMES | Peter S |
| FAMILY NAME | Lehmann |
| SIGNATURE | LEHMANN P S |
| AFFILIATIONS | Sam Houston State University |
| ORCID | 0000-0002-5345-4343 |
| VERIFIED | Yes |
| TOTAL WORKS | 38 |
| TOTAL CITATIONS | 90 |
| AUTHOR COUNT | 38 |
| EDITOR COUNT | 0 |
| FIRST PUBLICATION YEAR | 1988 |
| LATEST PUBLICATION YEAR | 2026 |
| H-INDEX | 6 |
For Whom Is School Suspension Criminogenic? Self-Control and Variation in Labeling Effects
A vast literature has demonstrated that adolescents who experience exclusionary discipline in school have an increased likelihood of involvement in subsequent delinquency. These patterns correspond closely with the expectations of labeling theory, which posits that stigmatizing punishments can produce secondary deviance by restricting conventional opportunities, weakening prosocial relationships, and facilitating the adoption of a deviant identit…
What’s Past Is Prologue: Disciplinary History and Racial Disparities in School Suspension
Research consistently shows that youth of color are more likely to be suspended from school than their White counterparts, yet the role of students’ prior suspension experiences in this relationship remains unclear. Corresponding with a labeling framework, disciplinary histories might serve as an intervening mechanism that partially explains racial/ethnic disparities in later suspension, as previously suspended youth can be subjected to heightene…
Crying Out in the Dark? Exploring the Mental Health Vulnerabilities of Dark Web Users
Despite the emergence of the dark web more than 20 years ago, little scholarly attention has focused on identifying potential mental health differences between dark web users and surface web users. Yet, given the pseudo-anonymous nature of the dark web and the purported privacy it provides, individuals with mental health vulnerabilities may be inclined to use the dark web. In the present study, we investigate this matter by drawing on survey data…
Bullying Victimization, Gender, and Adolescent Substance Use: The Moderating Role of School Connectedness
A substantial body of research has demonstrated that bullying victimization is positively associated with illicit substance use, though whether this relationship is stronger among female or male youth remains unclear. Additionally, while connectedness to school represents a robust protective factor against negative health and behavioral outcomes, limited research has examined if it might weaken the effect of victimization on substance use. Analys…
The intersection of formal labeling and child maltreatment in young adult offending
Disparities in Youth Arrest Across Racial and Ethnic Subgroups
An extensive body of research suggests that youth of color are more likely to experience an arrest than their White counterparts. Theoretically, these findings have been understood, at least in part, as the result of the differential deployment of law enforcement to areas with higher Black and Hispanic concentrations as well as stereotyped attributions of dangerousness and threat implicitly assigned to these suspects by police before and during e…
Split Sentencing and the “Youth Discount” in Florida Criminal Courts
Prior research on the criminal court punishment of transferred youth relative to adult defendants has produced mixed findings; however, these disparities have not been examined in the context of intermediate and alternative sanctions. In Florida, judges have the discretion to assign a split sentence, which involves a mitigated term of imprisonment followed by a sentence to community supervision. Using data on felony cases sentenced under Florida’…
Faith Without Works? Religious Salience, Pious Practices, and Adolescent Substance Use
An abundance of research has revealed that religious salience is negatively associated with delinquent behavior, including illicit substance use. However, absent from prior work is a consideration of whether youths’ participation in personal religious rituals and acts of devotion might amplify the protective effects of religiosity. Theoretically, it may be expected that these private expressions of belief and identity can strengthen religious com…
Attachment to parents and adolescents' marijuana use, attitudes, and perceptions: Assessing the role of county-level dispensaries
Exclusionary Citizenship: Public Punitiveness and Support for Voting Restrictions
Much scholarship has discussed how the expansion of the carceral state in the U.S. has consequences for other facets of the democracy. Specifically, felony disenfranchisement laws create a class of “carceral citizens” comprised disproportionately of racially minoritized individuals, and voter ID laws likewise closely mirror racialized segregation efforts that parallel the effects of justice system policies. Despite these clear theoretical linkage…
The trial tax and the intersection of race/ethnicity, gender, and age in criminal court sentencing
OBJECTIVE: Prior research consistently demonstrates that defendants convicted at trial are sentenced more harshly than those who plead guilty. Additionally, a vast literature has shown that Black and Hispanic defendants, and especially young minority males, are particularly disadvantaged in sentencing, though these effects may be conditional on various legal and case-processing factors. However, it remains unclear how the mode of conviction might…
Race and Ethnicity Effects in School Discipline: A Coarsened Exact Matching Analysis
Much prior work has revealed that minority students are more likely than White youth to experience school suspensions, expulsions, and office referrals. However, the research establishing these patterns has relied exclusively on regression-based methods, which may not ensure adequate between-group balance on the measured covariates. Using data from the 2012 to 2019 8th/10th grade cohorts of the Monitoring the Future survey ( N = 62,962), this stu…
The Association Between Sleep Duration and Arrest Among Adolescents
In recent years, sleep duration has received increased scrutiny with respect to criminologically relevant outcomes. No attention, however, has been given to the possible relationship between sleep duration and the likelihood of arrest. Given the negative downstream effects that arrest may have on adolescents, this is an important relationship to investigate. To this end, the current study uses data from the 2018 Florida Youth Substance Abuse Surv…
Paul Friedland, Seeing Justice Done: The Age of Spectacular Capital Punishment in France
Childhood adversity, depression, and digital self-harm
Drawing on Agnew’s general strain theory, this study investigates the extent to which adverse childhood experiences (ACEs) are associated with engagement in digital self-harm—the anonymous posting of mean or hurtful information about oneself on the internet and social media platforms. It also assesses the extent to which depressive symptoms mediate this association. To address these two issues, we use data collected from 7,799 middle-school and h…
Unstructured Socializing with Peers, Low Self-Control, and Substance Use
Research consistently finds that unstructured socializing with peers and low self-control are both positively associated with substance use among adolescents. However, largely absent from the literature is a consideration of whether unstructured socializing with peers and low self-control have differential and interactive effects when predicting usage of different classifications of drugs. The current study addresses these issues using data colle…
Low Self-Control and Cybercrime Victimization: An Examination of Indirect Effects Through Risky Online Behavior
Research has established that individuals lower in self-control are at increased risk of offline criminal victimization due to their proclivity to engage in risky routine activities. While some studies have investigated whether a similar pattern is observed in the online context, additional inquiry into whether the link between low self-control and cybercrime victimization operates indirectly through risky online behavior is warranted given certa…
Racial and Ethnic Disparities in School Discipline: The Interactive Effects of Gender and Parental Educational Attainment
Prior research has provided consistent evidence that minority students are more likely than White youth to experience punitive forms of discipline in schools. Scholars have theorized that these disadvantages are closely connected to gender and socioeconomic status, but little research has explored how these factors independently and jointly might moderate the effects of race/ethnicity. Using data from the 2012 to 2018 8th and 10th grade cohorts o…
Group Threat, Racial/Ethnic Animus, and Punitiveness in Latin America: A Multilevel Analysis
The group threat perspective has been tested with regard to a variety of social control outcomes, including public support for punitive crime control policies. However, little work has explored possible interactive effects between macro-level racial/ethnic contexts, individual-level racial/ethnic animus, and race/ethnicity on punitive attitudes, and none of this research has been conducted outside the United States. The current study is the first…
Who Would ‘Purge’? Low Self-Control, Psychopathy, and Offending in the Absence of Legal Controls
The assumption that people are inherently self-interested and that legal controls are needed to prevent crime underlies several criminological perspectives. In the current study, this assumption is tested by having a sample of 500 U.S. adults report on the likelihood they would engage in criminal behavior if all crime were legal on one day each year—a scenario depicted in the 2013 film The Purge. Based on the presumption that at least some indivi…
Trial Penalties under Florida’s Sentencing Guidelines: The Moderating Role of Case Seriousness
An extensive body of research has revealed that criminal defendants who are convicted at trials are given harsher sentences than those who plead guilty. However, it remains unclear how legally relevant case characteristics might moderate this relationship. In Florida, each felony offender is assigned a comprehensive numerical score which simultaneously quantifies multiple aspects of the seriousness of the case at hand, and judges evaluate this sc…
Race, Ethnicity, Crime Type, and the Sentencing of Violent Felony Offenders
Within the large body of literature on racial/ethnic disparities in criminal sentencing, some research has demonstrated that these relationships are conditional upon various legally relevant case characteristics, including the type of offense for which the defendants are sentenced. To date, however, few studies have explored the potential moderating effects of different violent crimes. Using data from Florida ( N = 186,885), the findings from the…
The Blurred ‘Blue line’: A cross-national comparison of the sources of public support for extralegal policing
Prior research addressing extralegal policing has focussed on the types of individuals most affected by these practices (i.e. disadvantaged minorities and police officers) as a means to improve conditions for these populations. Although these studies are critical for educating the public and informing criminal justice policy, there remains a noteworthy gap in the literature related to the types of political and sociocultural circumstances under w…
Discourse After a Batterer Intervention Program: A Qualitative Analysis of “Letters From the Future”
This exploratory study employs discourse and narrative analysis to assess men’s ( n = 45) responses to a writing assignment completed at the end of a solution-focused voluntary batterer intervention program. The study finds that the men primarily use the assignment to reassure themselves of their future success, defined through traditionally male paradigms. The narrative analysis then divides the letters according to type: Participants (22.7%) us…
Economic anxieties, fear of crime, and punitive attitudes in Latin America
Using data from the 2012 AmericasBarometer survey collected in nine Latin American countries ( n = 14,705), this study examines two theoretically relevant potential sources of punitiveness: economic anxiety and fear of crime. Focusing on these two sources, we explore whether the public opinion dynamics often highlighted by punitiveness scholars also apply to the Latin American context and can thus be of value to explain recent movements towards p…
Economic anxieties, fear of crime, and punitive attitudes in Latin America
Using data from the 2012 AmericasBarometer survey collected in nine Latin American countries ( n = 14,705), this study examines two theoretically relevant potential sources of punitiveness: economic anxiety and fear of crime. Focusing on these two sources, we explore whether the public opinion dynamics often highlighted by punitiveness scholars also apply to the Latin American context and can thus be of value to explain recent movements towards p…
The Development of Posttraumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD) in a Sample of Child Witnesses to Mother Assault
The Validation of the Checklist of Controlling Behaviors (CCB): Assessing Coercive Control in Abusive Relationships
The current study addresses the validation of the Checklist of Controlling Behaviors (CCB), an 84-item domestic violence assessment instrument that can be used to address multiple levels of violence and coercive control in violent relationships. Derived from clinical observation and current theories, the CCB makes use of intimate partner violence survivor reports to identify the intensity and frequency of relationship violence. The instrument is …
Low self-control and the Dark Triad: Disentangling the predictive power of personality traits on young adult substance use, offending and victimization
From Victim to Offender: The Effects of Male Initiated Violence on Women Arrested for Using Intimate Partner Violence
Linking Male Use of the Sex Industry to Controlling Behaviors in Violent Relationships: An Exploratory Analysis
In an attempt to better understand the relationship between male use of the sex industry (i.e., pornography and strip clubs) and interpersonal violence (IPV), 2,135 female residents of an IPV shelter were surveyed regarding their batterer's use of both the sex industry and controlling behaviors in their relationship. Findings indicate that male domestic violence offenders who utilize the sex industry use more controlling behaviors than male domes…
Posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and child witnesses to mother-assault: A summary and review
Childhood adversity, depression, and digital self-harm
Drawing on Agnew’s general strain theory, this study investigates the extent to which adverse childhood experiences (ACEs) are associated with engagement in digital self-harm—the anonymous posting of mean or hurtful information about oneself on the internet and social media platforms. It also assesses the extent to which depressive symptoms mediate this association. To address these two issues, we use data collected from 7,799 middle-school and h…
Men’s Use of Controlling Behaviors: A Comparison of Reports by Women in a Domestic Violence Shelter and Women in a Domestic Violence Offender Program
The intersection of formal labeling and child maltreatment in young adult offending
The Blurred ‘Blue line’: A cross-national comparison of the sources of public support for extralegal policing
Prior research addressing extralegal policing has focussed on the types of individuals most affected by these practices (i.e. disadvantaged minorities and police officers) as a means to improve conditions for these populations. Although these studies are critical for educating the public and informing criminal justice policy, there remains a noteworthy gap in the literature related to the types of political and sociocultural circumstances under w…
Traumatic Responding in Children Exposed to Domestic Violence: A Cross-Cultural Study
The present cross-cultural study summarizes the traumatic responses of Mexican, Mexican American, and non-Mexican American children who were residents of three shelters for battered women in Monterrey Mexico, McAllen Texas, and Ft. Worth Texas. Sixty-eight mothers reported on their children's (n = 90) individual and total traumatic symptoms. Findings revealed very slight differences in individual responses with no overall trauma symptom differenc…
Von Goethe zu George: Heidelberger Essays
A multi-dimensional model for treating families that have survived mother assault
The Development of Posttraumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD) in a Sample of Child Witnesses to Mother Assault
Posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and child witnesses to mother-assault: A summary and review
Traumatic Responding in Children Exposed to Domestic Violence: A Cross-Cultural Study
The present cross-cultural study summarizes the traumatic responses of Mexican, Mexican American, and non-Mexican American children who were residents of three shelters for battered women in Monterrey Mexico, McAllen Texas, and Ft. Worth Texas. Sixty-eight mothers reported on their children's (n = 90) individual and total traumatic symptoms. Findings revealed very slight differences in individual responses with no overall trauma symptom differenc…
Linking Male Use of the Sex Industry to Controlling Behaviors in Violent Relationships: An Exploratory Analysis
In an attempt to better understand the relationship between male use of the sex industry (i.e., pornography and strip clubs) and interpersonal violence (IPV), 2,135 female residents of an IPV shelter were surveyed regarding their batterer's use of both the sex industry and controlling behaviors in their relationship. Findings indicate that male domestic violence offenders who utilize the sex industry use more controlling behaviors than male domes…
Women Arrested for IPV Offenses: Abuse Experiences Yet Low Trauma Pathology
Men’s Use of Controlling Behaviors: A Comparison of Reports by Women in a Domestic Violence Shelter and Women in a Domestic Violence Offender Program
From Victim to Offender: The Effects of Male Initiated Violence on Women Arrested for Using Intimate Partner Violence
The Validation of the Checklist of Controlling Behaviors (CCB): Assessing Coercive Control in Abusive Relationships
The current study addresses the validation of the Checklist of Controlling Behaviors (CCB), an 84-item domestic violence assessment instrument that can be used to address multiple levels of violence and coercive control in violent relationships. Derived from clinical observation and current theories, the CCB makes use of intimate partner violence survivor reports to identify the intensity and frequency of relationship violence. The instrument is …
Low self-control and the Dark Triad: Disentangling the predictive power of personality traits on young adult substance use, offending and victimization
Self-identified strengths among youth offenders charged with assault against a non-intimate family member
Youth involved in the criminal justice system are particularly vulnerable to increased risk for continuing offending behaviors since aggressive and/or violent behavior compromise developmental growth. The present study seeks to build on the current literature related to youth offenders by using an exploratory qualitative approach to analyze strength-based asset interviews completed by youth referred to a diversion program. Results revealed four d…
Discourse After a Batterer Intervention Program: A Qualitative Analysis of “Letters From the Future”
This exploratory study employs discourse and narrative analysis to assess men’s ( n = 45) responses to a writing assignment completed at the end of a solution-focused voluntary batterer intervention program. The study finds that the men primarily use the assignment to reassure themselves of their future success, defined through traditionally male paradigms. The narrative analysis then divides the letters according to type: Participants (22.7%) us…
Economic anxieties, fear of crime, and punitive attitudes in Latin America
Using data from the 2012 AmericasBarometer survey collected in nine Latin American countries ( n = 14,705), this study examines two theoretically relevant potential sources of punitiveness: economic anxiety and fear of crime. Focusing on these two sources, we explore whether the public opinion dynamics often highlighted by punitiveness scholars also apply to the Latin American context and can thus be of value to explain recent movements towards p…
Race, Juvenile Transfer, and Sentencing Preferences: Findings From a Randomized Experiment
In light of the expansion of punitive "get tough" policies for juvenile offenders, some researchers have uncovered evidence that juveniles who are waived to the adult court receive more severe sanctions than retained juveniles. Theoretically, the transfer status of delinquents may serve as a cognitive heuristic in criminal justice system (CJS) actors' "focal concern" judgments. Understood through this framework, transfer status may signify to CJS…
Race, Ethnicity, Crime Type, and the Sentencing of Violent Felony Offenders
Within the large body of literature on racial/ethnic disparities in criminal sentencing, some research has demonstrated that these relationships are conditional upon various legally relevant case characteristics, including the type of offense for which the defendants are sentenced. To date, however, few studies have explored the potential moderating effects of different violent crimes. Using data from Florida ( N = 186,885), the findings from the…
The Blurred ‘Blue line’: A cross-national comparison of the sources of public support for extralegal policing
Prior research addressing extralegal policing has focussed on the types of individuals most affected by these practices (i.e. disadvantaged minorities and police officers) as a means to improve conditions for these populations. Although these studies are critical for educating the public and informing criminal justice policy, there remains a noteworthy gap in the literature related to the types of political and sociocultural circumstances under w…
Who Would ‘Purge’? Low Self-Control, Psychopathy, and Offending in the Absence of Legal Controls
The assumption that people are inherently self-interested and that legal controls are needed to prevent crime underlies several criminological perspectives. In the current study, this assumption is tested by having a sample of 500 U.S. adults report on the likelihood they would engage in criminal behavior if all crime were legal on one day each year—a scenario depicted in the 2013 film The Purge. Based on the presumption that at least some indivi…
Trial Penalties under Florida’s Sentencing Guidelines: The Moderating Role of Case Seriousness
An extensive body of research has revealed that criminal defendants who are convicted at trials are given harsher sentences than those who plead guilty. However, it remains unclear how legally relevant case characteristics might moderate this relationship. In Florida, each felony offender is assigned a comprehensive numerical score which simultaneously quantifies multiple aspects of the seriousness of the case at hand, and judges evaluate this sc…
Unstructured Socializing with Peers, Low Self-Control, and Substance Use
Research consistently finds that unstructured socializing with peers and low self-control are both positively associated with substance use among adolescents. However, largely absent from the literature is a consideration of whether unstructured socializing with peers and low self-control have differential and interactive effects when predicting usage of different classifications of drugs. The current study addresses these issues using data colle…
Low Self-Control and Cybercrime Victimization: An Examination of Indirect Effects Through Risky Online Behavior
Research has established that individuals lower in self-control are at increased risk of offline criminal victimization due to their proclivity to engage in risky routine activities. While some studies have investigated whether a similar pattern is observed in the online context, additional inquiry into whether the link between low self-control and cybercrime victimization operates indirectly through risky online behavior is warranted given certa…
Racial and Ethnic Disparities in School Discipline: The Interactive Effects of Gender and Parental Educational Attainment
Prior research has provided consistent evidence that minority students are more likely than White youth to experience punitive forms of discipline in schools. Scholars have theorized that these disadvantages are closely connected to gender and socioeconomic status, but little research has explored how these factors independently and jointly might moderate the effects of race/ethnicity. Using data from the 2012 to 2018 8th and 10th grade cohorts o…
Group Threat, Racial/Ethnic Animus, and Punitiveness in Latin America: A Multilevel Analysis
The group threat perspective has been tested with regard to a variety of social control outcomes, including public support for punitive crime control policies. However, little work has explored possible interactive effects between macro-level racial/ethnic contexts, individual-level racial/ethnic animus, and race/ethnicity on punitive attitudes, and none of this research has been conducted outside the United States. The current study is the first…
Exclusionary Citizenship: Public Punitiveness and Support for Voting Restrictions
Much scholarship has discussed how the expansion of the carceral state in the U.S. has consequences for other facets of the democracy. Specifically, felony disenfranchisement laws create a class of “carceral citizens” comprised disproportionately of racially minoritized individuals, and voter ID laws likewise closely mirror racialized segregation efforts that parallel the effects of justice system policies. Despite these clear theoretical linkage…
The trial tax and the intersection of race/ethnicity, gender, and age in criminal court sentencing
OBJECTIVE: Prior research consistently demonstrates that defendants convicted at trial are sentenced more harshly than those who plead guilty. Additionally, a vast literature has shown that Black and Hispanic defendants, and especially young minority males, are particularly disadvantaged in sentencing, though these effects may be conditional on various legal and case-processing factors. However, it remains unclear how the mode of conviction might…
Psychology (33 works) · Social Psychology (21 works) · Criminology (18 works) · Political science (16 works) · Crime Patterns and Interventions (15 works) · Medicine (15 works) · Poison control (13 works) · Clinical Psychology (12 works) · Law (12 works) · Medical emergency (12 works)