R Wade
Biographic Data
| ID | 66962 |
|---|---|
| NAME | R Wade |
| GIVEN NAMES | R |
| FAMILY NAME | Wade |
| SIGNATURE | WADE R |
| AFFILIATIONS | London School of Economics and Political Science |
| ORCID | 0000-0002-5882-4059 |
| VERIFIED | Yes |
| TOTAL WORKS | 61 |
| TOTAL CITATIONS | 805 |
| AUTHOR COUNT | 61 |
| EDITOR COUNT | 0 |
| FIRST PUBLICATION YEAR | 1975 |
| LATEST PUBLICATION YEAR | 2026 |
| H-INDEX | 15 |
Energy sharing within Dutch energy communities
Energy sharing arrangements should prioritize solidaristic goals rather than market gain if it is to embody principles of commons. This includes participation, ownership and distribution key choices. Policy decisions around technical elements such as distribution keys and allocation models should be cognizant of distributional implications and should not constrain ECs in their ability to pursue their objectives. • Enabling sharing with free choic…
Energy Community Surplus Sharing
Energy communities (ECs) have emerged as a new class of ‘prosumers’ in energy transitions. ECs’ ability to sell electricity back to the grid is increasingly curtailed, meaning they are left with decisions on how best to use this common pool of generated electricity. While some ECs can self-consume the generated electricity, a surplus often remains over several timescales. This provides an opportunity for ECs to exchange with actors or households …
Who’s governing the market? bringing the individual back into the study of the developmental state
Research on the Northeast Asian economic miracle has focused on structural explanations, using institutional, geopolitical, and cultural variables. Much less focus has been on the role of the individuals (or “actors” or “agents”) responsible for leading the developmental states. This article contributes by using homophily theory to add a novel explanation for the origins of the success of the East Asian developmental states. Homophily refers to t…
Properties of air
The wind has profound cultural and economic value and plays an increasingly important role in today's economic system. Despite this, wind remains under-conceptualised as a resource in accounts of energy transition. This paper traces the resourcification of wind in the context of energy transition in the Republic of Ireland, analysing how the material properties of wind resources interact with the social property relations governing their integrat…
The energy commons
The growing literature on energy commons suggests that reimagining energy as a common resource is critical for transitioning away from fossil fuel-based systems. However, conceptual and empirical fragmentation in this literature limits our understanding of energy commoning practices. Through a systematic review of 85 articles, we aim to unify the field by analyzing it across three dimensions: material, institutional, and cultural. Materially, we …
Making space for community energy
Renewable energy infrastructures, such as wind and solar farms, require land on which they can be deployed. While politics and conflicts over accessing land for renewables are well documented, the role, conditions and potential agency of landownership have been often overlooked or oversimplified as a powerful terrain in the field of renewables development. In this paper, we explore the relationship between landed property and community renewable …
Roundtable on Rick Doner, Gregory Noble, and John Ravenhill, The Political Economy of Automotive Industrialization in East Asia
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Beyond technology
This article enriches the existing literature on the importance and role of the social sciences and humanities (SSH) in renewable energy sources research by providing a novel approach to instigating the future research agenda in this field. Employing a series of in-depth interviews, deliberative focus group workshops and a systematic horizon scanning process, which utilised the expert knowledge of 85 researchers from the field with diverse discip…
Science and Technology Policies and the Middle-Income Trap
As Vietnam crossed the World Bank’s threshold from ‘low income’ to ‘lower middle-income’ in 2010 the government and aid donors started to speak about ‘the middle-income trap’ as a central problem; and to frame ‘science and technology (S&T) policy’ as a means of sustaining economic growth and thereby avoiding the trap. They identified China and its S&T policy as a model, and pointed to Intel’s $1 billion facility as evidence of a burgeoning techno…
Photographing the 1969 Pan-African Cultural Festival
In the spring of 1969, Robert Wade applied for a passport, sold his household possessions, and purchased a ninety-day Eurail pass and a one-way ticket to Copenhagen, Denmark, departing June 1969. Within a few weeks of arrival, at Copenhagen’s Drop Inn restaurant and live-music venue, he met Connie Matthews, the executive director of a UNESCO cultural organization based in Copenhagen and an organizer for the Black Panther Party. Matthews told Wade…
From control by capital to control of capital
For decades past the IMF has been a byword for economic orthodoxy, which included disapproval of policy limits on cross-border capital flows. But in 2012 it announced a new “institutional view” giving more scope for capital flow management and in effect restricting the rights of capital owners. The Fund's program in Iceland after the October 2008 crash helped to pave the way; it was the first time the Fund had endorsed capital controls in a devel…
Market versus State' or 'Market with State
Mariana Mazzucato, The Entrepreneurial State: Debunking Public vs. Private Sector Myths. London: Anthem Press, 2013. 266 pp. £13.99 paperback Ben Fine, Jyoti Saraswati and Daniela Tavasci (eds), Beyond the Developmental State: Industrial Policy into the Twenty-first Century. London: Pluto, 2013. 320 pp. £22.00 paperback Timothy Besley and Torsten Persson, Pillars of Prosperity: The Political Economics of Development Clusters. Princeton, NJ: Princ…
Protecting Power
Income Inequality
Is the Globalization Consensus Dead
The development economist Dani Rodrik recently declared that “the globalization consensus is dead”. The claim has momentus implications, because this consensus has steered economic policy around the world for the past quarter century. It emanates from the heartland of neoclassical economics, and defines the central tasks of the Washington‐based organizations which claim to speak for the world. This essay answers two main questions. First, is Rodr…
Lessons from Iceland
The extraordinary rise and fall of Iceland’s financial-casino economy. Wade and Sigurgeirsdóttir describe the island’s neoliberal turn under a quasi-feudal elite turned banking oligopoly, and its prospects amidst the triple crisis—currency, banking, sovereign debt—now bestriding it
Accountability Gone Wrong
Beware what you wish for
To the extent that ‘normal science’ in international political economy (IPE) has come to be rooted in the liberal paradigm, in statistical techniques, and in mathematical models, it has come to resemble neoclassical economics. The history of economics from interwar pluralism to postwar neoclassicism should sound warning bells about IPE following this path. Neoclassical economics has built-in biases in favor of self-adjusting systems and American …
Financial Regime Change
As stock markets plunge and governments scramble to bail out the finance sector, Robert Wade argues that we are exiting the neoliberal paradigm that has held sway since the 1980s. Causes and repercussions of the crisis, and errors of the model that brought it to fruition
Ngaire Woods The Globalizers
A New Global Financial Architecture
As the world economy shows growing signs of vulnerability, what mechanisms exist for averting repeats of the Asian or Mexican crises? Banking and regulatory regimes as instruments of standardization, pulling national economies into Anglo-American orbits
Explaining US Financial Instability and Its Global Implications
As everyone now knows, the current financial market turmoil spreading across the Atlantic economy and beyond started with rising defaults in the United States mortgage market. How did the US come to experience a gigantic house-price bubble?The explanation starts with US trade deficits and their financing. The US has been running an increasing trade (or more accurately, current-account) deficit since the early 1980s, with only one short interrupti…
Choking the South
Charting the impact of fluctuating currencies, volatile stock markets and interest rates on the developing world since the end of the Bretton Woods system, Robert Wade contends that untrammelled mobility of capital—private funds above all—reinforces dynamics of debt and underdevelopment
Questions of Fairness
The Ringmaster of Doha
What strategies are viable for developing countries today? The World Trade Organization and the shrinking of ‘development space’
The world is currently experiencing a surge of international regulations aimed at limiting the development policy options of developing country governments. Of the three big agreements coming out of the Uruguay Round – on investment measures (TRIMS), trade in services (GATS), and intellectual property rights (TRIPS) – the first two limit the authority of developing country governments to constrain the choices of companies operating in their terri…
US hegemony and the World Bank
Hegemony refers to a dominant group's ability to make others want the same thing as it wants for itself. It rests upon (1) a substantive pillar of belief that the system of rule created by the dominant group brings material and other benefits to all or most participants and that the feasible alternatives are worse, and (2) a procedural pillar of belief that the processes and procedures of the dominant system of rule are fair and appropri1ate and …
The market for public office
East Asia's Economic Success
Neoliberal economists say that growth is easy, provided the state does not obstruct the natural growth-inducing processes of a capitalist economy. They point to the success of South Korea and Taiwan as evidence that this proposition also holds for quite poor economies. Using chapters of Helen Hughes's edited volume by way of illustration, this article shows that the neoliberals ignore so much contrary evidence as to suggest that the neoliberal pa…
The Asian debt-and-development crisis of 1997
Canal Irrigation and Local Social Organization [and Comments and Reply]
Theory linking labor inputs of irrigation agriculture to social organization is briefly reviewed. Labor input is distinguished into five tasks: construction, maintenance, allocation, conflict resolution, and organization of ritual. A sample of world communities is canvassed in search of structural variation. A rationale for studying these phenomena in a local, rather than a society-wide, context is presented. Types of ties of the locality with th…
Protecting Power
Beyond technology
This article enriches the existing literature on the importance and role of the social sciences and humanities (SSH) in renewable energy sources research by providing a novel approach to instigating the future research agenda in this field. Employing a series of in-depth interviews, deliberative focus group workshops and a systematic horizon scanning process, which utilised the expert knowledge of 85 researchers from the field with diverse discip…
Towards a Social Anthropology of the Mediterranean [and Comments and Reply]
Davis's People of the Mediterranean provides a detailed survey of the writings of anthropologists who have worked in Southern Europe, North Africa, and the Middle East. Its author focuses on economic organization, stratification, patronage, family and kinship, and the way anthropologists have dealt with history. He concludes that they have failed to compare, to work in cities, to relate part to whole, and to make use of history. These failures, h…
Wheels Within Wheels
The East Asian economic crisis of 1997–1999 had its causes not mainly in the “East Asian model” nor even in departures from the model, but in international capital markets and the governments of the core economies, especially the United States and Japan. The post–Bretton Woods system, without any link between the dollar and gold, allowed the United States to finance persistent external deficits by creating US government bonds. These bonds raised …
The management of irrigation systems
Beware what you wish for
To the extent that ‘normal science’ in international political economy (IPE) has come to be rooted in the liberal paradigm, in statistical techniques, and in mathematical models, it has come to resemble neoclassical economics. The history of economics from interwar pluralism to postwar neoclassicism should sound warning bells about IPE following this path. Neoclassical economics has built-in biases in favor of self-adjusting systems and American …
The Gathering World Slump and the Battle over Capital Controls
Financial Regime Change
As stock markets plunge and governments scramble to bail out the finance sector, Robert Wade argues that we are exiting the neoliberal paradigm that has held sway since the 1980s. Causes and repercussions of the crisis, and errors of the model that brought it to fruition
Bridging the Digital Divide
The Catholic Church has practice of appointing a devil's advocate (Advocatus Diaboli) when considering a person for sainthood. The role of advocate is to ferret Out all reasons why that person should not be made a saint and present them forcefully in discussion among cardinals who make decision. The current campaign to promote uptake of information and communication technologies (ICTs) in developing countries and to get aid donors to redirect the…
Japan, the World Bank, and the Art of Paradigm Maintenance
To what extent is the World Bank an actor, an ‘autonomous variable’ in the international system? Or to what extent are its objectives and approaches the mere manifestations of competition and compromise among its member states? Several writers have argued that the Bank has a relatively large amount
Irrigation reform in conditions of populist anarchy
Market versus State' or 'Market with State
Mariana Mazzucato, The Entrepreneurial State: Debunking Public vs. Private Sector Myths. London: Anthem Press, 2013. 266 pp. £13.99 paperback Ben Fine, Jyoti Saraswati and Daniela Tavasci (eds), Beyond the Developmental State: Industrial Policy into the Twenty-first Century. London: Pluto, 2013. 320 pp. £22.00 paperback Timothy Besley and Torsten Persson, Pillars of Prosperity: The Political Economics of Development Clusters. Princeton, NJ: Princ…
Accountability Gone Wrong
The Asian Crisis
How could the widely acknowledged real estate problems of Thailand’s banks in 1996 and 1997 have triggered such a far-reaching debt-and-development crisis? The devaluation of the Thai baht in July 1997 was followed by currency crises or financial instability in Indonesia, Malaysia, the Philippines, Taiwan, Hong Kong, Korea
Dirigisme Taiwan-Style
The Government of Taiwan has pursued a much more aggressive set of industrial policies than free trade principles would justify. It has been anticipating rather than simply responding to Taiwan's changing international competitiveness. It has also been selecting particular products for encouragement and putting public resources behind its signals, in a way that neoclassical economics says officials cannot get right. This article describes the mai…
Is the Globalization Consensus Dead
The development economist Dani Rodrik recently declared that “the globalization consensus is dead”. The claim has momentus implications, because this consensus has steered economic policy around the world for the past quarter century. It emanates from the heartland of neoclassical economics, and defines the central tasks of the Washington‐based organizations which claim to speak for the world. This essay answers two main questions. First, is Rodr…
Lessons from Iceland
The extraordinary rise and fall of Iceland’s financial-casino economy. Wade and Sigurgeirsdóttir describe the island’s neoliberal turn under a quasi-feudal elite turned banking oligopoly, and its prospects amidst the triple crisis—currency, banking, sovereign debt—now bestriding it
From control by capital to control of capital
For decades past the IMF has been a byword for economic orthodoxy, which included disapproval of policy limits on cross-border capital flows. But in 2012 it announced a new “institutional view” giving more scope for capital flow management and in effect restricting the rights of capital owners. The Fund's program in Iceland after the October 2008 crash helped to pave the way; it was the first time the Fund had endorsed capital controls in a devel…
Income Inequality
Ruralism as a Way of Life? Stratification and Voluntary Associations in a Tuscan Village1
Evidence from a small settlement in Tuscany suggests that even where people have face-to-face contact across a range of social contexts, the allocation of prestige and of leadership roles in voluntary associations may be made with relatively impersonal criteria. This is not what Wirth's argument, as modified by Dewey, would lead one to expect.ZusammenfassungDie Forschungsergebnisse aus einer kleinen Siedlung in der Toscana zeigen, daß selbst dort…
Land Reform and Politics. A Comparative Analysis
Canal Irrigation and Local Social Organization [and Comments and Reply]
Theory linking labor inputs of irrigation agriculture to social organization is briefly reviewed. Labor input is distinguished into five tasks: construction, maintenance, allocation, conflict resolution, and organization of ritual. A sample of world communities is canvassed in search of structural variation. A rationale for studying these phenomena in a local, rather than a society-wide, context is presented. Types of ties of the locality with th…
A 'Returns to Labour' Theory of Peasant Household Organisation1
In a peasant community where access to land is vital for livelihood, the amount of land to which each household has access is a major influence on its size and composition. The paper develops this idea by means of a model derived from neoclassical economics. The model provides a framework for showing the relevance not only of land, but also technology, intensity of cultivation, urban labour market, and other 'economic' variables, as well as 'kins…
The social response to irrigation
Because canal irrigation is a resource which has to be managed collectively, it is said to be an important determinant of the forms of social organisation of villages which benefit from it. This paper examines this argument with evidence from villages in a Southern Indian district. It concludes that there is a relationship between the degree of corporate organisation and the scarcity and uncertainty of water supply, but that the starkness of the …
Towards a Social Anthropology of the Mediterranean [and Comments and Reply]
Davis's People of the Mediterranean provides a detailed survey of the writings of anthropologists who have worked in Southern Europe, North Africa, and the Middle East. Its author focuses on economic organization, stratification, patronage, family and kinship, and the way anthropologists have dealt with history. He concludes that they have failed to compare, to work in cities, to relate part to whole, and to make use of history. These failures, h…
The World Bank and India's irrigation reform
The decisions to be taken on canal irrigation in India during the next five years will have repercussions well into the next century, and the World Bank's role in those decisions will be substantial. Yet the Bank's approach to improving existing canal systems and designing new ones fails to match the components of the approach with their environments. This paper suggests that in a wide range of social and physical environments the Bank's proposal…
The system of administrative and political corruption
The paper describes how some irrigation engineers raise vast amounts of illicit revenue from the distribution of water and contracts, and redistribute part to superior officers and politicians. It argues that the corruption ‘system’, which is centred on control of personnel transfers, is an important supply‐side reason for poor performance of canal‐irrigated agriculture. Insofar as the same system operates in other government departments, it may …
Irrigation and Agricultural Politics in South Korea
Irrigation reform in conditions of populist anarchy
Dirigisme Taiwan-Style
The Government of Taiwan has pursued a much more aggressive set of industrial policies than free trade principles would justify. It has been anticipating rather than simply responding to Taiwan's changing international competitiveness. It has also been selecting particular products for encouragement and putting public resources behind its signals, in a way that neoclassical economics says officials cannot get right. This article describes the mai…
Public Expenditure and Indian Development Policy, 1960-1970 . John Toye
The market for public office
Development Literature and Writers from Underdeveloped Countries
This article deals with discussions of economic development among Turkish intellectuals in the 1930s, when the characteristics of a "Kemalist development strategy" were being defined. As an exercise in the history of economic thought, it attempts to show that those discussions anticipated many of the issues of development economics, a special field which appeared only after the Second World War. The discussion challenges the general lack of conce…
The management of common property resources
Robert Wade; The management of common property resources: collective action as an alternative to privatisation or state regulation, Cambridge Journal of Economi
The management of irrigation systems
Integrated rural development
How to make ‘Street Level’ Bureaucracies Work Better
The ‘new economics of organization’, with its picture of bureaucracies as aggregates of dyadic contracts between ‘principals’ and ‘agents’, finds it difficult to explain why departments of police, education, health, agricultural extension or irrigation — ‘street level bureaucracies’ for short — do any work at all. A comparison between Indian and Korean ways of organizing the operation and maintenance of canals shows how the Korean structure gener…
Strong States and Economic Development
East Asia's Economic Success
Neoliberal economists say that growth is easy, provided the state does not obstruct the natural growth-inducing processes of a capitalist economy. They point to the success of South Korea and Taiwan as evidence that this proposition also holds for quite poor economies. Using chapters of Helen Hughes's edited volume by way of illustration, this article shows that the neoliberals ignore so much contrary evidence as to suggest that the neoliberal pa…
The Visible Hand
Essay| December 01 1993 The Visible Hand: The State and East Asia's Economic Growth Robert Wade Robert Wade Robert Wade is a fellow of the Institute of Development Studies at the University of Sussex and was recently a visiting professor of politics at MIT. He is the author of Governing the Market: Economic Theory and the Role of Government in East Asian Industrialization (Princeton: Princeton University Press, 1990). Search for other works by th…
The ecological basis of irrigation institutions
Japan, the World Bank, and the Art of Paradigm Maintenance
To what extent is the World Bank an actor, an ‘autonomous variable’ in the international system? Or to what extent are its objectives and approaches the mere manifestations of competition and compromise among its member states? Several writers have argued that the Bank has a relatively large amount
Japón, el Banco Mundial y el arte del mantenimiento del paradigma
The Asian Crisis and the Global Economy
Essay| November 01 1998 The Asian Crisis and the Global Economy: Causes, Consequences, and Cure Robert Wade Robert Wade Robert Wade is a professor of political science and international political economy at Brown University. He is the author of Governing the Market: Economic Theory and the Role of Government in East Asian Industrialization (Princeton, N.J.: Princeton University Press, 1990). This article draws on “From ‘Miracle’ to ‘Cronyism’: Ex…
Economics (42 works) · Political science (39 works) · Law (23 works) · Politics (21 works) · Law (17 works) · Business (16 works) · Sociology (14 works) · Global Financial Crisis and Policies (13 works) · Political economy (13 works) · Development economics (12 works)