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Jimmy Earl Butts

Biographic Data

ID678763
NAMEJimmy Earl Butts
GIVEN NAMESJimmy Earl
FAMILY NAMEButts
SIGNATUREBUTTS J E
AFFILIATIONSSimmons University
ORCID0000-0001-6488-8342
VERIFIEDYes
TOTAL WORKS6
TOTAL CITATIONS1
WORKS AS AUTHOR6
WORKS AS EDITOR0
FIRST PUBLICATION YEAR2023
LATEST PUBLICATION YEAR2025
H-INDEX1
  • Brooding Over Bloody Revenge

    Jimmy Earl Butts, Jimmy Butts•ARTICLE•The Black Scholar•2025

  • Al-Hajj Umar Taal or El-Hajj Malik El-Shabazz (Malcolm X)? Case Studies on Islam and Interreligious Pan-African Unity

    Open Access•Jimmy Earl Butts•ARTICLE•Religions•2025•References: 41

    A comparison between the function of Islam in the lives of Al-Hajj Umar Taal and El-Hajj Malik El-Shabazz (Malcolm X) suggests that Shabazz's example of translating his Islamic obligations into the secular philosophy of Pan-Africanism reflects more promise toward the interest of interreligious Pan-African unity. During the nineteenth century, figures like Edward Blyden and Duse Muhammad Ali both presented the compatibility of Islam with Pan-Afric…

  • The Suppression and Liberation of Malcolm's Personal Agency

    Open Access•Jimmy Earl Butts•ARTICLE•Journal of Black Studies•2024•Cited by: 1•References: 2

    Although the canonical interpretation by scholars of the life and thought of Malcolm X suggest that he would experience a major shift in his views on race, this author contends that Malcolm's post-Hajj declarations about the white race were his beliefs about white people all along. It is not denied that Malcolm himself assisted in the construction of his Hajj experience being understood as an epiphany moment in regard to his views on race. Howeve…

  • Malcolm X, Pan-Africanism, and the Organization of African Unity

    Open Access•Jimmy Earl Butts•ARTICLE•Journal of Black Studies•2023

    Malcolm X’s appeal to the African Heads of State at the 1964 Organization of African Unity (OAU) meeting was necessary to strengthen the Pan-African bonds between Africans and African-Americans during that time. Following the anti-communism push in the post-WWII United States, many Black leaders disassociated with the anti-colonial movements in Africa and began to have a more domestic focus in their pursuit of freedom. While Malcolm X had consist…

  • Marjorie Corbman

    Open Access•Jimmy Earl Butts•ARTICLE•Journal of African American Studies•2023

  • That Further by Faith

    Open Access•Jimmy Earl Butts•ARTICLE•Religions•2023•References: 16

    This article expresses the importance and theoretical viability of Black religious communities reflecting on armed struggle as an option in their pursuit of liberation. African Americans have wrestled with various perspectives on what forms of resistance to white supremacy were religiously legitimate and those that were deemed practical. From moral suasion, immigration, a Black separate state, to violent resistance, Black people in the United Sta…

  • The Suppression and Liberation of Malcolm's Personal Agency

    Open Access•Jimmy Earl Butts•ARTICLE•Journal of Black Studies•2024•Cited by: 1•References: 2

    Although the canonical interpretation by scholars of the life and thought of Malcolm X suggest that he would experience a major shift in his views on race, this author contends that Malcolm's post-Hajj declarations about the white race were his beliefs about white people all along. It is not denied that Malcolm himself assisted in the construction of his Hajj experience being understood as an epiphany moment in regard to his views on race. Howeve…

  • Malcolm X, Pan-Africanism, and the Organization of African Unity

    Open Access•Jimmy Earl Butts•ARTICLE•Journal of Black Studies•2023

    Malcolm X’s appeal to the African Heads of State at the 1964 Organization of African Unity (OAU) meeting was necessary to strengthen the Pan-African bonds between Africans and African-Americans during that time. Following the anti-communism push in the post-WWII United States, many Black leaders disassociated with the anti-colonial movements in Africa and began to have a more domestic focus in their pursuit of freedom. While Malcolm X had consist…

  • Marjorie Corbman

    Open Access•Jimmy Earl Butts•ARTICLE•Journal of African American Studies•2023

  • That Further by Faith

    Open Access•Jimmy Earl Butts•ARTICLE•Religions•2023•References: 16

    This article expresses the importance and theoretical viability of Black religious communities reflecting on armed struggle as an option in their pursuit of liberation. African Americans have wrestled with various perspectives on what forms of resistance to white supremacy were religiously legitimate and those that were deemed practical. From moral suasion, immigration, a Black separate state, to violent resistance, Black people in the United Sta…

  • The Suppression and Liberation of Malcolm's Personal Agency

    Open Access•Jimmy Earl Butts•ARTICLE•Journal of Black Studies•2024•Cited by: 1•References: 2

    Although the canonical interpretation by scholars of the life and thought of Malcolm X suggest that he would experience a major shift in his views on race, this author contends that Malcolm's post-Hajj declarations about the white race were his beliefs about white people all along. It is not denied that Malcolm himself assisted in the construction of his Hajj experience being understood as an epiphany moment in regard to his views on race. Howeve…

  • Brooding Over Bloody Revenge

    Jimmy Earl Butts, Jimmy Butts•ARTICLE•The Black Scholar•2025

  • Al-Hajj Umar Taal or El-Hajj Malik El-Shabazz (Malcolm X)? Case Studies on Islam and Interreligious Pan-African Unity

    Open Access•Jimmy Earl Butts•ARTICLE•Religions•2025•References: 41

    A comparison between the function of Islam in the lives of Al-Hajj Umar Taal and El-Hajj Malik El-Shabazz (Malcolm X) suggests that Shabazz's example of translating his Islamic obligations into the secular philosophy of Pan-Africanism reflects more promise toward the interest of interreligious Pan-African unity. During the nineteenth century, figures like Edward Blyden and Duse Muhammad Ali both presented the compatibility of Islam with Pan-Afric…

Race, History, and American Society (4 works) · Art (3 works) · Gender Studies (3 works) · Philosophy (3 works) · Political science (3 works) · Psychology (3 works) · Sociology (3 works) · History (2 works) · Law (2 works) · Politics (2 works)

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