Julia Schmale
Biographic Data
| ID | 6818667 |
|---|---|
| NAME | Julia Schmale |
| GIVEN NAMES | Julia |
| FAMILY NAME | Schmale |
| SIGNATURE | SCHMALE J |
| AFFILIATIONS | Ecole polytechnique fédérale de Lausanne |
| ORCID | 0000-0002-1048-7962 |
| VERIFIED | Yes |
| TOTAL WORKS | 21 |
| TOTAL CITATIONS | 0 |
| WORKS AS AUTHOR | 21 |
| WORKS AS EDITOR | 0 |
| FIRST PUBLICATION YEAR | 2012 |
| LATEST PUBLICATION YEAR | 2026 |
| H-INDEX | 0 |
Geoengineering to save the Arctic?
Geoengineering efforts often target the Arctic due to its crucial role in the global climate system. However, geoengineering is highly controversial in scientific communities and society. Here we offer a cross-disciplinary perspective focused on science, governance, ethics, and the inclusion of rights-holders in the Arctic, collected in the context of an International Arctic Science Committee cross-cutting activity. The purpose of this article is…
Influence of warm and moist air intrusions on black carbon deposition and snowmelt in the central Arctic
In the central Arctic, warm and moist air intrusions (WAMIs) are increasingly prevalent during winter and spring, significantly affecting the near-surface energy budget. Here, we combine in situ observations from the 2019–2020 Multidisciplinary drifting Observatory for the Study of Arctic Climate (MOSAiC) expedition with model simulations to investigate the role of WAMIs in transporting pollutants and enhancing black carbon (BC) wet deposition. S…
Tara Polaris expeditions
The coupled Arctic system is in rapid transition and is set to undergo further dramatic changes over the coming decades. These changes will lead most likely to an ice-free ocean in summer, expected before mid-century. The Arctic will become more strongly influenced by atmospheric and oceanographic processes characteristic of midlatitudes, increasing the prevalence of contaminants and new biological species. This ongoing transition of the Arctic t…
Oceanography, biogeochemical cycles, and biodiversity in the Central Arctic Ocean
Climatic changes in the physical environment modulate biogeochemical cycles, biodiversity, and trophic interactions in the Central Arctic Ocean (CAO). Physical processes and sea-ice conditions are highly seasonal in the CAO and dependent on interactions that occur throughout the evolution of the upper ocean–sea ice–lower atmosphere system. Understanding these seasonal interactions is critical to comprehending and predicting the long-term trends a…
Ice nucleating particle sources and transports between the Central and Southern Arctic regions during winter cold air outbreaks
Ice nucleating particles (INPs) initiate ice formation, affecting the liquid versus ice distribution and radiative properties of clouds. INPs have been measured around the Arctic, but few INP concentration measurements have been reported for air during movement south out of central Arctic pack ice regions during cold air outbreaks (CAOs). We analyzed cases of transports connecting the Central Arctic location of the Multidisciplinary Drifting Obse…
Tara Polaris
The central Arctic is experiencing warming up to four times faster than the global average. This Arctic amplification is accompanied by large deviations in climate projections, making anticipation of high-impact, near-term regional biodiversity and climate change difficult. Several atmospheric processes contribute simultaneously to Arctic amplification and biodiversity change yet remain largely unstudied, not least because of the difficulty to ac…
Characteristics and effects of aerosols during blowing snow events in the central Arctic
Sea salt aerosol (SSaer) significantly impacts aerosol-radiation and aerosol-cloud interactions, and sublimated blowing snow is hypothesized to be an important SSaer source in polar regions. Understanding blowing snow and other wind-sourced aerosols’ climate relevant properties is needed, especially during winter when Arctic amplification is greatest. However, most of our understanding of blowing snow SSaer comes from modeling studies, and direct…
Influence of open ocean biogeochemistry on aerosol and clouds
Aerosols and clouds are key components of the marine atmosphere, impacting the Earth’s radiative budget with a net cooling effect over the industrial era that counterbalances greenhouse gas warming, yet with an uncertain amplitude. Here we report recent advances in our understanding of how open ocean aerosol sources are modulated by ocean biogeochemistry and how they, in turn, shape cloud coverage and properties. We organize these findings in suc…
Characteristics and sources of fluorescent aerosols in the central Arctic Ocean
The Arctic is sensitive to cloud radiative forcing. Due to the limited number of aerosols present throughout much of the year, cloud formation is susceptible to the presence of cloud condensation nuclei and ice nucleating particles (INPs). Primary biological aerosol particles (PBAP) contribute to INPs and can impact cloud phase, lifetime, and radiative properties. We present yearlong observations of hyperfluorescent aerosols (HFA), tracers for PB…
Modelling the coupled mercury-halogen-ozone cycle in the central Arctic during spring
Near-surface mercury and ozone depletion events occur in the lowest part of the atmosphere during Arctic spring. Mercury depletion is the first step in a process that transforms long-lived elemental mercury to more reactive forms within the Arctic that are deposited to the cryosphere, ocean, and other surfaces, which can ultimately get integrated into the Arctic food web. Depletion of both mercury and ozone occur due to the presence of reactive h…
Untangling the influence of Antarctic and Southern Ocean life on clouds
Polar environments are among the fastest changing regions on the planet. It is a crucial time to make significant improvements in our understanding of how ocean and ice biogeochemical processes are linked with the atmosphere. This is especially true over Antarctica and the Southern Ocean where observations are severely limited and the environment is far from anthropogenic influences. In this commentary, we outline major gaps in our knowledge, eme…
Low ozone dry deposition rates to sea ice during the MosaiC field campaign
Dry deposition to the surface is one of the main removal pathways of tropospheric ozone (O3). We quantified for the first time the impact of O3 deposition to the Arctic sea ice on the planetary boundary layer (PBL) O3 concentration and budget using year-round flux and concentration observations from the Multidisciplinary drifting Observatory for the Study of Arctic Climate (MOSAiC) campaign and simulations with a single-column atmospheric chemist…
Polar oceans and sea ice in a changing climate
Polar oceans and sea ice cover 15% of the Earth’s ocean surface, and the environment is changing rapidly at both poles. Improving knowledge on the interactions between the atmospheric and oceanic realms in the polar regions, a Surface Ocean–Lower Atmosphere Study (SOLAS) project key focus, is essential to understanding the Earth system in the context of climate change. However, our ability to monitor the pace and magnitude of changes in the polar…
Thin and transient meltwater layers and false bottoms in the Arctic sea ice pack—Recent insights on these historically overlooked features
The rapid melt of snow and sea ice during the Arctic summer provides a significant source of low-salinity meltwater to the surface ocean on the local scale. The accumulation of this meltwater on, under, and around sea ice floes can result in relatively thin meltwater layers in the upper ocean. Due to the small-scale nature of these upper-ocean features, typically on the order of 1 m thick or less, they are rarely detected by standard methods, but…
Overview of the MosaiC expedition
With the Arctic rapidly changing, the needs to observe, understand, and model the changes are essential. To support these needs, an annual cycle of observations of atmospheric properties, processes, and interactions were made while drifting with the sea ice across the central Arctic during the Multidisciplinary drifting Observatory for the Study of Arctic Climate (MOSAiC) expedition from October 2019 to September 2020. An international team desig…
Key challenges for tropospheric chemistry in the Southern Hemisphere
This commentary paper from the recently formed International Global Atmospheric Chemistry (IGAC) Southern Hemisphere Working Group outlines key issues in atmospheric composition research that particularly impact the Southern Hemisphere. In this article, we present a broad overview of many of the challenges for understanding atmospheric chemistry in the Southern Hemisphere, before focusing in on the most significant factors that differentiate it f…
Elucidating the present-day chemical composition, seasonality and source regions of climate-relevant aerosols across the Arctic land surface
The Arctic is warming two to three times faster than the global average, and the role of aerosols is not well constrained. Aerosol number concentrations can be very low in remote environments, rendering local cloud radiative properties highly sensitive to available aerosol. The composition and sources of the climate-relevant aerosols, affecting Arctic cloud formation and altering their microphysics, remain largely elusive due to a lack of harmoni…
Fostering multidisciplinary research on interactions between chemistry, biology, and physics within the coupled cryosphere-atmosphere system
The cryosphere, which comprises a large portion of Earth’s surface, is rapidly changing as a consequence of global climate change. Ice, snow, and frozen ground in the polar and alpine regions of the planet are known to directly impact atmospheric composition, which for example is observed in the large influence of ice and snow on polar boundary layer chemistry. Atmospheric inputs to the cryosphere, including aerosols, nutrients, and contaminants,…
A survey on the perceived need and value of decision-support tools for joint mitigation of air pollution and climate change in cities
Decision-support tools are increasingly popular for informing policy decisions linked to environmental issues. For example, a number of decision-support tools on transport planning provide information on expected effects of different measures (actions, policies, or interventions) on air quality, often combined with information on noise pollution or mitigation costs. These tools range in complexity and scale of applicability, from city to internat…
Sustainable policy—key considerations for air quality and climate change
Air quality and climate change are inexorably linked from their emission sources to their impacts on climate, human health, and ecosystems, including agriculture. However, in global environmental change and sustainability policies the link between air quality and climate change is often ignored. To facilitate including the link between air pollution and climate change in the policy process, three key considerations (1) mix of emissions, (2) lifet…
Early Career Researchers and Mentors Work Together to Shape the Future of the Arctic Monitoring and Assessment Programme
Author: Provencher, J. F. et al.; Genre: Journal Article; Issued: 2012-03; Title: Early Career Researchers and Mentors Work Together to Shape the Future of the Arctic Monitoring and Assessment Programme
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Early Career Researchers and Mentors Work Together to Shape the Future of the Arctic Monitoring and Assessment Programme
Author: Provencher, J. F. et al.; Genre: Journal Article; Issued: 2012-03; Title: Early Career Researchers and Mentors Work Together to Shape the Future of the Arctic Monitoring and Assessment Programme
Sustainable policy—key considerations for air quality and climate change
Air quality and climate change are inexorably linked from their emission sources to their impacts on climate, human health, and ecosystems, including agriculture. However, in global environmental change and sustainability policies the link between air quality and climate change is often ignored. To facilitate including the link between air pollution and climate change in the policy process, three key considerations (1) mix of emissions, (2) lifet…
A survey on the perceived need and value of decision-support tools for joint mitigation of air pollution and climate change in cities
Decision-support tools are increasingly popular for informing policy decisions linked to environmental issues. For example, a number of decision-support tools on transport planning provide information on expected effects of different measures (actions, policies, or interventions) on air quality, often combined with information on noise pollution or mitigation costs. These tools range in complexity and scale of applicability, from city to internat…
Fostering multidisciplinary research on interactions between chemistry, biology, and physics within the coupled cryosphere-atmosphere system
The cryosphere, which comprises a large portion of Earth’s surface, is rapidly changing as a consequence of global climate change. Ice, snow, and frozen ground in the polar and alpine regions of the planet are known to directly impact atmospheric composition, which for example is observed in the large influence of ice and snow on polar boundary layer chemistry. Atmospheric inputs to the cryosphere, including aerosols, nutrients, and contaminants,…
Overview of the MosaiC expedition
With the Arctic rapidly changing, the needs to observe, understand, and model the changes are essential. To support these needs, an annual cycle of observations of atmospheric properties, processes, and interactions were made while drifting with the sea ice across the central Arctic during the Multidisciplinary drifting Observatory for the Study of Arctic Climate (MOSAiC) expedition from October 2019 to September 2020. An international team desig…
Key challenges for tropospheric chemistry in the Southern Hemisphere
This commentary paper from the recently formed International Global Atmospheric Chemistry (IGAC) Southern Hemisphere Working Group outlines key issues in atmospheric composition research that particularly impact the Southern Hemisphere. In this article, we present a broad overview of many of the challenges for understanding atmospheric chemistry in the Southern Hemisphere, before focusing in on the most significant factors that differentiate it f…
Elucidating the present-day chemical composition, seasonality and source regions of climate-relevant aerosols across the Arctic land surface
The Arctic is warming two to three times faster than the global average, and the role of aerosols is not well constrained. Aerosol number concentrations can be very low in remote environments, rendering local cloud radiative properties highly sensitive to available aerosol. The composition and sources of the climate-relevant aerosols, affecting Arctic cloud formation and altering their microphysics, remain largely elusive due to a lack of harmoni…
Modelling the coupled mercury-halogen-ozone cycle in the central Arctic during spring
Near-surface mercury and ozone depletion events occur in the lowest part of the atmosphere during Arctic spring. Mercury depletion is the first step in a process that transforms long-lived elemental mercury to more reactive forms within the Arctic that are deposited to the cryosphere, ocean, and other surfaces, which can ultimately get integrated into the Arctic food web. Depletion of both mercury and ozone occur due to the presence of reactive h…
Untangling the influence of Antarctic and Southern Ocean life on clouds
Polar environments are among the fastest changing regions on the planet. It is a crucial time to make significant improvements in our understanding of how ocean and ice biogeochemical processes are linked with the atmosphere. This is especially true over Antarctica and the Southern Ocean where observations are severely limited and the environment is far from anthropogenic influences. In this commentary, we outline major gaps in our knowledge, eme…
Low ozone dry deposition rates to sea ice during the MosaiC field campaign
Dry deposition to the surface is one of the main removal pathways of tropospheric ozone (O3). We quantified for the first time the impact of O3 deposition to the Arctic sea ice on the planetary boundary layer (PBL) O3 concentration and budget using year-round flux and concentration observations from the Multidisciplinary drifting Observatory for the Study of Arctic Climate (MOSAiC) campaign and simulations with a single-column atmospheric chemist…
Polar oceans and sea ice in a changing climate
Polar oceans and sea ice cover 15% of the Earth’s ocean surface, and the environment is changing rapidly at both poles. Improving knowledge on the interactions between the atmospheric and oceanic realms in the polar regions, a Surface Ocean–Lower Atmosphere Study (SOLAS) project key focus, is essential to understanding the Earth system in the context of climate change. However, our ability to monitor the pace and magnitude of changes in the polar…
Thin and transient meltwater layers and false bottoms in the Arctic sea ice pack—Recent insights on these historically overlooked features
The rapid melt of snow and sea ice during the Arctic summer provides a significant source of low-salinity meltwater to the surface ocean on the local scale. The accumulation of this meltwater on, under, and around sea ice floes can result in relatively thin meltwater layers in the upper ocean. Due to the small-scale nature of these upper-ocean features, typically on the order of 1 m thick or less, they are rarely detected by standard methods, but…
Influence of open ocean biogeochemistry on aerosol and clouds
Aerosols and clouds are key components of the marine atmosphere, impacting the Earth’s radiative budget with a net cooling effect over the industrial era that counterbalances greenhouse gas warming, yet with an uncertain amplitude. Here we report recent advances in our understanding of how open ocean aerosol sources are modulated by ocean biogeochemistry and how they, in turn, shape cloud coverage and properties. We organize these findings in suc…
Characteristics and sources of fluorescent aerosols in the central Arctic Ocean
The Arctic is sensitive to cloud radiative forcing. Due to the limited number of aerosols present throughout much of the year, cloud formation is susceptible to the presence of cloud condensation nuclei and ice nucleating particles (INPs). Primary biological aerosol particles (PBAP) contribute to INPs and can impact cloud phase, lifetime, and radiative properties. We present yearlong observations of hyperfluorescent aerosols (HFA), tracers for PB…
Ice nucleating particle sources and transports between the Central and Southern Arctic regions during winter cold air outbreaks
Ice nucleating particles (INPs) initiate ice formation, affecting the liquid versus ice distribution and radiative properties of clouds. INPs have been measured around the Arctic, but few INP concentration measurements have been reported for air during movement south out of central Arctic pack ice regions during cold air outbreaks (CAOs). We analyzed cases of transports connecting the Central Arctic location of the Multidisciplinary Drifting Obse…
Tara Polaris
The central Arctic is experiencing warming up to four times faster than the global average. This Arctic amplification is accompanied by large deviations in climate projections, making anticipation of high-impact, near-term regional biodiversity and climate change difficult. Several atmospheric processes contribute simultaneously to Arctic amplification and biodiversity change yet remain largely unstudied, not least because of the difficulty to ac…
Characteristics and effects of aerosols during blowing snow events in the central Arctic
Sea salt aerosol (SSaer) significantly impacts aerosol-radiation and aerosol-cloud interactions, and sublimated blowing snow is hypothesized to be an important SSaer source in polar regions. Understanding blowing snow and other wind-sourced aerosols’ climate relevant properties is needed, especially during winter when Arctic amplification is greatest. However, most of our understanding of blowing snow SSaer comes from modeling studies, and direct…
Geoengineering to save the Arctic?
Geoengineering efforts often target the Arctic due to its crucial role in the global climate system. However, geoengineering is highly controversial in scientific communities and society. Here we offer a cross-disciplinary perspective focused on science, governance, ethics, and the inclusion of rights-holders in the Arctic, collected in the context of an International Arctic Science Committee cross-cutting activity. The purpose of this article is…
Influence of warm and moist air intrusions on black carbon deposition and snowmelt in the central Arctic
In the central Arctic, warm and moist air intrusions (WAMIs) are increasingly prevalent during winter and spring, significantly affecting the near-surface energy budget. Here, we combine in situ observations from the 2019–2020 Multidisciplinary drifting Observatory for the Study of Arctic Climate (MOSAiC) expedition with model simulations to investigate the role of WAMIs in transporting pollutants and enhancing black carbon (BC) wet deposition. S…
Tara Polaris expeditions
The coupled Arctic system is in rapid transition and is set to undergo further dramatic changes over the coming decades. These changes will lead most likely to an ice-free ocean in summer, expected before mid-century. The Arctic will become more strongly influenced by atmospheric and oceanographic processes characteristic of midlatitudes, increasing the prevalence of contaminants and new biological species. This ongoing transition of the Arctic t…
Oceanography, biogeochemical cycles, and biodiversity in the Central Arctic Ocean
Climatic changes in the physical environment modulate biogeochemical cycles, biodiversity, and trophic interactions in the Central Arctic Ocean (CAO). Physical processes and sea-ice conditions are highly seasonal in the CAO and dependent on interactions that occur throughout the evolution of the upper ocean–sea ice–lower atmosphere system. Understanding these seasonal interactions is critical to comprehending and predicting the long-term trends a…
Environmental Science (15 works) · Arctic (14 works) · Geology (13 works) · Climatology (12 works) · Atmospheric chemistry and aerosols (11 works) · Climate change (11 works) · Geography (11 works) · Oceanography (11 works) · Meteorology (10 works) · Atmospheric and Environmental Gas Dynamics (9 works)