Bum–Jin Park
Biographic Data
| ID | 6841579 |
|---|---|
| NAME | Bum–Jin Park |
| GIVEN NAMES | Bum–Jin |
| FAMILY NAME | Park |
| SIGNATURE | PARK B J |
| AFFILIATIONS | Chungnam National University |
| ORCID | 0000-0002-5214-5688 |
| VERIFIED | Yes |
| TOTAL WORKS | 25 |
| TOTAL CITATIONS | 9 |
| AUTHOR COUNT | 25 |
| EDITOR COUNT | 0 |
| FIRST PUBLICATION YEAR | 2007 |
| LATEST PUBLICATION YEAR | 2023 |
| H-INDEX | 2 |
Research Trends on the Effects of Forest Therapy in Korea and Ways to Improve the Level of Medical Evidence
Background and objective: Studies on the effects of forest therapy are clinical research that reveals the effects suitable for the purpose of therapy by applying a forest therapy program, which is a complex intervention, to humans in various forest environments. Accordingly, the purpose of this study is to find out the characteristics of existing studies on the effects of forest therapy and to suggest ways to improve the level of evidence for fut…
Effects of using Natural and Artificial Flowers in Flower Arrangement on Psychological and Physiological Relaxation
Background and objective The purpose of this study is to investigate the effects of using natural and artificial flowers in flower arrangement on psychological and physiological relaxation. Methods In order to clarify the effect of natural flowers in terms of physiological relaxation during flower arrangement work, heart rate variability (HRV) was measured while 15 people were conducting flower arrangement with natural flowers in comparison with …
Quality of Life and Mental Health Benefits of Public Participation in Forest Conservation Activities in Urban Areas
The purpose of this study is to investigate the effect of forest conservation activities on the physical and psychological wellbeing of participants. The experiment was conducted in a forest near an urban area and involved 61 participants (average age: 22.5 ± 1.8). The participants selected one of three activities (pruning, stacking cut branches, and removing vines) in the forest conservation program. The effects of these activities on the muscul…
Effect of Forest Users’ Stress on Perceived Restorativeness, Forest Recreation Motivation, and Mental Well-Being during Covid-19 Pandemic
Even though the COVID-19 pandemic has discouraged travel and people's movements, the number of visitors to forests near cities which are easily accessible by private vehicle is increasing in Korea. This study aims to investigate the relationship between stress, perceived restorativeness, forest recreation motivation, and the mental well-being of forest users. A survey of forest users was conducted at three recreational forests near Seoul in the s…
Effects of a Forest Therapy Program on Reducing PTSD and Depression and Improving Mood States in Fire Officers
Background and objective This study was conducted to investigate the effects of forest therapy programs on reducing post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD), depression and improving mood states in fire officers. Methods To determine PTSD, depression, and mood states before and after the forest therapy program, the survey results of 185 fire officers were analyzed. Frequency analysis was conducted to identify the demographic characteristics of the p…
Measures to Promote Rural Healthcare Tourism with a Scientific Evidence-Based Approach
The present study aimed to evaluate the effects of physical activities on human health in forests in countryside and rural areas. The test experiment was conducted in a countryside forest, whereas the controlled experiment was conducted in an urban area where the study participants resided. A total of 22 participants (aged 20.9 ± 1.3 years) were evaluated in this study. Heart rate variability and salivary cortisol level were used as indices of ph…
Effects of Forest Therapy on Health Promotion among Middle-Aged Women
Women experience more stress in middle age than in other life stages, and health in middle age is vital, because it influences the quality of life in old age. In this study, the effects of a forest therapy program on physiological changes in 53 middle-aged women (divided into two groups) who lived in the city were examined. One group participated in a three-day program in the forest, followed by three days in the city; the other group participate…
Association between the Psychological Effects of Viewing Forest Landscapes and Trait Anxiety Level
The aim of this study was to validate the psychological advantages of viewing forest landscapes. Moreover, the associations between trait anxiety levels and psychological responses were evaluated. A total of 650 university male students (age, 21.7 ± 1.6 years) viewed a scenery in a forested area and an urban area for 15 min. Furthermore, the Profile of Mood States questionnaire and State-Trait Anxiety Inventory were employed for the assessment of…
Development of Sensibility Vocabulary Classification System for Sensibility Evaluation of Visitors According to Forest Environment
Generally human sensibility is expressed in a certain language. To discover the sensibility of visitors in relation to the forest environment, it is first necessary to determine their exact meanings. Furthermore, it is necessary to sort these terms according to their meanings based on an appropriate classification system. This study attempted to develop a classification system for forest sensibility vocabulary by extracting Korean words used by f…
Psychological Benefits of Walking through Forest Areas
This study aimed to clarify the psychological benefits of brief walks through forest areas. In addition, we aimed to examine the associations between psychological responses and trait anxiety levels. Five-hundred-and-eighty-five participants (mean age, 21.7 ± 1.6 years) were instructed to walk predetermined courses through forest (test) and city (control) areas for 15 min. The Profile of Mood State (POMS) questionnaire and State-Trait Anxiety Inv…
Diurnal Changes in Distribution Characteristics of Salivary Cortisol and Immunoglobulin A Concentrations
Salivary cortisol and secretory immunoglobulin A (S-IgA) are important biomarkers for environmental and public health research. The present study investigated the diurnal variations of these salivary biomarkers, with a focus on the change of distribution characteristics (i.e., skewness and kurtosis) of the concentrations. The participants in this study were 113 healthy young males. Salivary samples were collected in the morning (6:30-7:30 a.m.) a…
The Effects of a Campus Forest-Walking Program on Undergraduate and Graduate Students’ Physical and Psychological Health
We conducted a campus forest-walking program targeting university and graduate students during their lunchtime and examined the physical and psychological effects of the program. We utilized a quasi-experimental design with a control group and a pretest-posttest design. Forty-seven men (M = 25.5 ± 3.8 years) and 52 women (M = 23.3 ± 4.3 years) volunteered to participate (experimental group n = 51, control group n = 48). The intervention group par…
Physiological and Psychological Relaxing Effects of Viewing the Scenery in the Jangseong Healing Forest
This study evaluates the physiological and psychological relaxing effects of viewing the scenery in the Jangseong healing forest. Twenty-two university students (20.9 ± 1.3 years old) participated in the study. An experiment was conducted in the Jangseong healing forest, and a control experiment was performed in the city. The physiological indicators used in the study were the heart rate variability and heart rate of the participants. Subjective …
Acute Effects of Exposure to a Traditional Rural Environment on Urban Dwellers
Despite an increasing attention and public preference for rural amenities, little evidence is available on the health benefits of a rural environment. In this study, we identified physiological and psychological benefits of exposure to a rural environment using multiparametric methods. Twelve young male adults participated in a 3-day field experiment (mean ± standard deviation age, 22.3 ± 1.3 years). Sleeping environment, diet program, physical a…
The Prefrontal Cortex Activity and Psychological Effects of Viewing Forest Landscapes in Autumn Season
Recently reported research indicate that forest environments have physiological and psychological relaxing effects compared to urban environments. However, some researchers claim that the stress of the subjects from being watched by others during measurements can affect the measurement result in urban experiments conducted in the center of a street. The present study was conducted to determine whether forest environments have physiological and ps…
Influence of Forest Therapy on Cardiovascular Relaxation in Young Adults
Background . Despite increasing attention toward forest therapy as an alternative medicine, very little evidence continues to be available on its therapeutic effects. Therefore, this study was focused on elucidating the health benefits of forest walking on cardiovascular reactivity. Methods . Within‐group comparisons were used to examine the cardiovascular responses to walking in forest and urban environments. Forty‐eight young adult males partic…
Emotional, Restorative and Vitalizing Effects of Forest and Urban Environments at Four Sites in Japan
The present study investigated the well-being effects of short-term forest walking and viewing ("forest bathing"). The hypothesis in our study was that both environment (forest vs. urban) and activity (walking and viewing) would influence psychological outcomes. An additional aim was to enhance basic research using several psychological methods. We conducted the experiments using 45 respondents in four areas of Japan from August to September, 201…
Physiological and psychological effects of viewing urban forest landscapes assessed by multiple measurements
Effect of forest bathing on physiological and psychological responses in young Japanese male subjects
Relationship between psychological responses and physical environments in forest settings
Trends in research related to “Shinrin-yoku” (taking in the forest atmosphere or forest bathing) in Japan
"Shinrin-yoku", which can be defined as "taking in the forest atmosphere or forest bathing", has been receiving increasing attention in Japan in recent years for its capacity to provide relaxation and reduce stress. Since 2004, the authors of this paper have been involved in an investigation designed to ascertain the physiological effects of "Shinrin-yoku" within the framework of the "Therapeutic Effects of Forests" project. We have conducted phy…
Influences of Casein Hydrolysate Ingestion on Cerebral Activity, Autonomic Nerve Activity, and Anxiety
This study examined the influences of the oral ingestion of casein hydrolysate from bovine milk at rest physiologically and psychologically. Eleven male university students were given a casein hydrolysate drink (H) or a maltitol drink as a control (C) in a crossover study. Just before and one hour after ingestion of each drink, the total-hemoglobin (tHb) concentrations at ten points of the prefrontal cortex to evaluate cerebral activity, and hear…
Restorative effects of viewing real forest landscapes, based on a comparison with urban landscapes
Growing attention has been paid to the health-enhancing or therapeutic effects of natural environments, such as forests, and the requirement for an evidence-based approach has been pressing. However, there is a lack of evidence-based research in this field. In this study, the restorative effects of viewing real forest landscapes were examined through field experiments by comparing the effects of urban landscapes. Twelve Japanese male subjects in …
Physiological Effects of Shinrin-yoku (Taking in the Atmosphere of the Forest) in an Old-Growth Broadleaf Forest in Yamagata Prefecture, Japan
The physiological effects of "Shinrin-yoku" (taking in the atmosphere of the forest) were examined by investigating blood pressure, pulse rate, heart rate variability (HRV), salivary cortisol concentration, and immunoglobulin A concentration in saliva. Subjective feelings of being "comfortable", "calm", and "refreshed" were also assessed by questionnaire. The subjects were 12 male university students aged from 21 to 23 (mean+/-SD: 22.0+/-1.0). Th…
Physiological Effects of Shinrin-yoku (Taking in the Atmosphere of the Forest)—Using Salivary Cortisol and Cerebral Activity as Indicators
The purpose of this study is to examine the physiological effects of Shinrin-yoku (taking in the atmosphere of the forest). The subjects were 12 male students (22.8+/-1.4 yr). On the first day of the experiments, one group of 6 subjects was sent to a forest area, and the other group of 6 subjects was sent to a city area. On the second day, each group was sent to the opposite area for a cross check. In the forenoon, the subjects were asked to walk…
Physiological Effects of Shinrin-yoku (Taking in the Atmosphere of the Forest) in an Old-Growth Broadleaf Forest in Yamagata Prefecture, Japan
The physiological effects of "Shinrin-yoku" (taking in the atmosphere of the forest) were examined by investigating blood pressure, pulse rate, heart rate variability (HRV), salivary cortisol concentration, and immunoglobulin A concentration in saliva. Subjective feelings of being "comfortable", "calm", and "refreshed" were also assessed by questionnaire. The subjects were 12 male university students aged from 21 to 23 (mean+/-SD: 22.0+/-1.0). Th…
Physiological Effects of Shinrin-yoku (Taking in the Atmosphere of the Forest)—Using Salivary Cortisol and Cerebral Activity as Indicators
The purpose of this study is to examine the physiological effects of Shinrin-yoku (taking in the atmosphere of the forest). The subjects were 12 male students (22.8+/-1.4 yr). On the first day of the experiments, one group of 6 subjects was sent to a forest area, and the other group of 6 subjects was sent to a city area. On the second day, each group was sent to the opposite area for a cross check. In the forenoon, the subjects were asked to walk…
Physiological Effects of Shinrin-yoku (Taking in the Atmosphere of the Forest) in an Old-Growth Broadleaf Forest in Yamagata Prefecture, Japan
The physiological effects of "Shinrin-yoku" (taking in the atmosphere of the forest) were examined by investigating blood pressure, pulse rate, heart rate variability (HRV), salivary cortisol concentration, and immunoglobulin A concentration in saliva. Subjective feelings of being "comfortable", "calm", and "refreshed" were also assessed by questionnaire. The subjects were 12 male university students aged from 21 to 23 (mean+/-SD: 22.0+/-1.0). Th…
Physiological Effects of Shinrin-yoku (Taking in the Atmosphere of the Forest)—Using Salivary Cortisol and Cerebral Activity as Indicators
The purpose of this study is to examine the physiological effects of Shinrin-yoku (taking in the atmosphere of the forest). The subjects were 12 male students (22.8+/-1.4 yr). On the first day of the experiments, one group of 6 subjects was sent to a forest area, and the other group of 6 subjects was sent to a city area. On the second day, each group was sent to the opposite area for a cross check. In the forenoon, the subjects were asked to walk…
Restorative effects of viewing real forest landscapes, based on a comparison with urban landscapes
Growing attention has been paid to the health-enhancing or therapeutic effects of natural environments, such as forests, and the requirement for an evidence-based approach has been pressing. However, there is a lack of evidence-based research in this field. In this study, the restorative effects of viewing real forest landscapes were examined through field experiments by comparing the effects of urban landscapes. Twelve Japanese male subjects in …
Trends in research related to “Shinrin-yoku” (taking in the forest atmosphere or forest bathing) in Japan
"Shinrin-yoku", which can be defined as "taking in the forest atmosphere or forest bathing", has been receiving increasing attention in Japan in recent years for its capacity to provide relaxation and reduce stress. Since 2004, the authors of this paper have been involved in an investigation designed to ascertain the physiological effects of "Shinrin-yoku" within the framework of the "Therapeutic Effects of Forests" project. We have conducted phy…
Influences of Casein Hydrolysate Ingestion on Cerebral Activity, Autonomic Nerve Activity, and Anxiety
This study examined the influences of the oral ingestion of casein hydrolysate from bovine milk at rest physiologically and psychologically. Eleven male university students were given a casein hydrolysate drink (H) or a maltitol drink as a control (C) in a crossover study. Just before and one hour after ingestion of each drink, the total-hemoglobin (tHb) concentrations at ten points of the prefrontal cortex to evaluate cerebral activity, and hear…
Effect of forest bathing on physiological and psychological responses in young Japanese male subjects
Relationship between psychological responses and physical environments in forest settings
Physiological and psychological effects of viewing urban forest landscapes assessed by multiple measurements
Influence of Forest Therapy on Cardiovascular Relaxation in Young Adults
Background . Despite increasing attention toward forest therapy as an alternative medicine, very little evidence continues to be available on its therapeutic effects. Therefore, this study was focused on elucidating the health benefits of forest walking on cardiovascular reactivity. Methods . Within‐group comparisons were used to examine the cardiovascular responses to walking in forest and urban environments. Forty‐eight young adult males partic…
Emotional, Restorative and Vitalizing Effects of Forest and Urban Environments at Four Sites in Japan
The present study investigated the well-being effects of short-term forest walking and viewing ("forest bathing"). The hypothesis in our study was that both environment (forest vs. urban) and activity (walking and viewing) would influence psychological outcomes. An additional aim was to enhance basic research using several psychological methods. We conducted the experiments using 45 respondents in four areas of Japan from August to September, 201…
Physiological and Psychological Relaxing Effects of Viewing the Scenery in the Jangseong Healing Forest
This study evaluates the physiological and psychological relaxing effects of viewing the scenery in the Jangseong healing forest. Twenty-two university students (20.9 ± 1.3 years old) participated in the study. An experiment was conducted in the Jangseong healing forest, and a control experiment was performed in the city. The physiological indicators used in the study were the heart rate variability and heart rate of the participants. Subjective …
Acute Effects of Exposure to a Traditional Rural Environment on Urban Dwellers
Despite an increasing attention and public preference for rural amenities, little evidence is available on the health benefits of a rural environment. In this study, we identified physiological and psychological benefits of exposure to a rural environment using multiparametric methods. Twelve young male adults participated in a 3-day field experiment (mean ± standard deviation age, 22.3 ± 1.3 years). Sleeping environment, diet program, physical a…
The Prefrontal Cortex Activity and Psychological Effects of Viewing Forest Landscapes in Autumn Season
Recently reported research indicate that forest environments have physiological and psychological relaxing effects compared to urban environments. However, some researchers claim that the stress of the subjects from being watched by others during measurements can affect the measurement result in urban experiments conducted in the center of a street. The present study was conducted to determine whether forest environments have physiological and ps…
Diurnal Changes in Distribution Characteristics of Salivary Cortisol and Immunoglobulin A Concentrations
Salivary cortisol and secretory immunoglobulin A (S-IgA) are important biomarkers for environmental and public health research. The present study investigated the diurnal variations of these salivary biomarkers, with a focus on the change of distribution characteristics (i.e., skewness and kurtosis) of the concentrations. The participants in this study were 113 healthy young males. Salivary samples were collected in the morning (6:30-7:30 a.m.) a…
The Effects of a Campus Forest-Walking Program on Undergraduate and Graduate Students’ Physical and Psychological Health
We conducted a campus forest-walking program targeting university and graduate students during their lunchtime and examined the physical and psychological effects of the program. We utilized a quasi-experimental design with a control group and a pretest-posttest design. Forty-seven men (M = 25.5 ± 3.8 years) and 52 women (M = 23.3 ± 4.3 years) volunteered to participate (experimental group n = 51, control group n = 48). The intervention group par…
Psychological Benefits of Walking through Forest Areas
This study aimed to clarify the psychological benefits of brief walks through forest areas. In addition, we aimed to examine the associations between psychological responses and trait anxiety levels. Five-hundred-and-eighty-five participants (mean age, 21.7 ± 1.6 years) were instructed to walk predetermined courses through forest (test) and city (control) areas for 15 min. The Profile of Mood State (POMS) questionnaire and State-Trait Anxiety Inv…
Development of Sensibility Vocabulary Classification System for Sensibility Evaluation of Visitors According to Forest Environment
Generally human sensibility is expressed in a certain language. To discover the sensibility of visitors in relation to the forest environment, it is first necessary to determine their exact meanings. Furthermore, it is necessary to sort these terms according to their meanings based on an appropriate classification system. This study attempted to develop a classification system for forest sensibility vocabulary by extracting Korean words used by f…
Measures to Promote Rural Healthcare Tourism with a Scientific Evidence-Based Approach
The present study aimed to evaluate the effects of physical activities on human health in forests in countryside and rural areas. The test experiment was conducted in a countryside forest, whereas the controlled experiment was conducted in an urban area where the study participants resided. A total of 22 participants (aged 20.9 ± 1.3 years) were evaluated in this study. Heart rate variability and salivary cortisol level were used as indices of ph…
Effects of Forest Therapy on Health Promotion among Middle-Aged Women
Women experience more stress in middle age than in other life stages, and health in middle age is vital, because it influences the quality of life in old age. In this study, the effects of a forest therapy program on physiological changes in 53 middle-aged women (divided into two groups) who lived in the city were examined. One group participated in a three-day program in the forest, followed by three days in the city; the other group participate…
Association between the Psychological Effects of Viewing Forest Landscapes and Trait Anxiety Level
The aim of this study was to validate the psychological advantages of viewing forest landscapes. Moreover, the associations between trait anxiety levels and psychological responses were evaluated. A total of 650 university male students (age, 21.7 ± 1.6 years) viewed a scenery in a forested area and an urban area for 15 min. Furthermore, the Profile of Mood States questionnaire and State-Trait Anxiety Inventory were employed for the assessment of…
Effects of a Forest Therapy Program on Reducing PTSD and Depression and Improving Mood States in Fire Officers
Background and objective This study was conducted to investigate the effects of forest therapy programs on reducing post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD), depression and improving mood states in fire officers. Methods To determine PTSD, depression, and mood states before and after the forest therapy program, the survey results of 185 fire officers were analyzed. Frequency analysis was conducted to identify the demographic characteristics of the p…
Effects of using Natural and Artificial Flowers in Flower Arrangement on Psychological and Physiological Relaxation
Background and objective The purpose of this study is to investigate the effects of using natural and artificial flowers in flower arrangement on psychological and physiological relaxation. Methods In order to clarify the effect of natural flowers in terms of physiological relaxation during flower arrangement work, heart rate variability (HRV) was measured while 15 people were conducting flower arrangement with natural flowers in comparison with …
Quality of Life and Mental Health Benefits of Public Participation in Forest Conservation Activities in Urban Areas
The purpose of this study is to investigate the effect of forest conservation activities on the physical and psychological wellbeing of participants. The experiment was conducted in a forest near an urban area and involved 61 participants (average age: 22.5 ± 1.8). The participants selected one of three activities (pruning, stacking cut branches, and removing vines) in the forest conservation program. The effects of these activities on the muscul…
Effect of Forest Users’ Stress on Perceived Restorativeness, Forest Recreation Motivation, and Mental Well-Being during Covid-19 Pandemic
Even though the COVID-19 pandemic has discouraged travel and people's movements, the number of visitors to forests near cities which are easily accessible by private vehicle is increasing in Korea. This study aims to investigate the relationship between stress, perceived restorativeness, forest recreation motivation, and the mental well-being of forest users. A survey of forest users was conducted at three recreational forests near Seoul in the s…
Research Trends on the Effects of Forest Therapy in Korea and Ways to Improve the Level of Medical Evidence
Background and objective: Studies on the effects of forest therapy are clinical research that reveals the effects suitable for the purpose of therapy by applying a forest therapy program, which is a complex intervention, to humans in various forest environments. Accordingly, the purpose of this study is to find out the characteristics of existing studies on the effects of forest therapy and to suggest ways to improve the level of evidence for fut…
Psychology (20 works) · Urban Green Space and Health (20 works) · Medicine (17 works) · Geography (9 works) · Diverse Approaches in Healthcare and Education Studies (6 works) · Internal Medicine (6 works) · Psychiatry (6 works) · Clinical Psychology (5 works) · Heart rate (5 works) · Mood (5 works)