Robert John Zagar
Biographic Data
| ID | 6844707 |
|---|---|
| NAME | Robert John Zagar |
| GIVEN NAMES | Robert John |
| FAMILY NAME | Zagar |
| SIGNATURE | ZAGAR R J |
| AFFILIATIONS | Consultant to Juvenile Division of the Circuit Court of Cook County, Illinois |
| ORCID | 0000-0003-0029-7396 |
| VERIFIED | Yes |
| TOTAL WORKS | 31 |
| TOTAL CITATIONS | 4 |
| AUTHOR COUNT | 31 |
| EDITOR COUNT | 0 |
| FIRST PUBLICATION YEAR | 1982 |
| LATEST PUBLICATION YEAR | 2026 |
| H-INDEX | 1 |
Computer Behavior Assessment of School Children 3rd Edition (Basc-3), Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory Second/Adolescent Editions (MMPI-2/A) and Other Tests Tract Development
A convenience sample of 53-infants (39-boys, 14-girls, X age=3.34+0.71-years), 70-children (46-boys, 24-girls, X age=7.97+2.17-years), 11-teens (6-boys, 5-girls, X age=16.18+1.08-years), 20-adults (8-men, 12-women, X age=31.38+10.36-years), N=154, took Behavior Assessment of School Children 3rd Edition (BASC-3) preschool, child, or adolescent parent rating scales, Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory Adolescent/2nd Editions (MMPI-A/2), Amm…
Finding High-Risk Adults/Youth: Assessing Risk Management (ARM): Ask-Standard-Predictor (ASP): Reliable, Valid, 11-Question Survey: Finding High-Risk Saves USA $300B-$1.2T Annual Violence Expense & Pr…
Ask-Standard-Predictor (ASP) surveys high-risk adults/youth before high-risk/self-harm [assessing risk management (ARM)]; 2,722 (1,595 adults, 1,127 youth) followed (in court, hospital, physician, school records) for 3-12-years, analyzed with robust, statistical methods (in-bag, out-of-bag, cross-validation, Shao’s bootstrapped, logistic-regressions), resulting in:: (a) predictive-accuracy [area-under-curve (AUC) = 0.99, adults, AUC = 0.91, youth…
Trial-Lawyer Leaders in Court Change Institutions Forcing the Use of Tests and Equations So That Challenged Ones Become Successfully Healthy Thus Safeguarding Schools and Workplaces from the High-Risk…
Annual U.S. violence expense = $3.46 trillion (12.5% GDP). Insurance mass-murder/sex-offending payouts range from $3M-$1.1B. The U.S. Catholic Church has 24/194 (13%) pedophilia-bankrupt dioceses. Using 4-machine learning tests-equations, 7-high-risk predictors are—(1) addiction-alcoholism, (2) antisocial-behavior, (3) deception, (4) depression, (5) paranoia, (6) schizophrenic-thinking, (7) violence-potential—found in 212 studies (320,051 persons…
Violent-Offenders: Be Leaders and Take Them to Court to Save Lives and Expense
Based on 95 years of data involving 320,051 patients, prisoners, students, and workers across 212 studies, there is a “7-point violence profile” (violence, deception, depression, antisocial behavior, paranoid or schizophrenic thinking, and addiction-alcoholism) on equations (Ask Standard Predictor of Violence Potential) and internet computer-scored tests (Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory [MMPI-2/A]) that is similar for male or female, …
Study 1: 630 Domestic-Terrorist, Mass-Murdering, Spree-Shooters Differ from 623 Controls and Study 2: 15 Domestic-Terrorist, Mass-Murdering, Spree-Shooters Differ From 23 Homicidal and 36 Controls on …
Study 1: 630 spree-shooters [1936-2021] (1,650 deaths; 3,123 injuries; 194 suicides [31%]), 623 controls logistic regression differences (F= 260.44, df=10/1242, R=.82, R2 =.68, p<.01): (1) homicidal ideation; (2) planning-preparation; (3) stressful-life-event; (4) revenge-motive; (5) acquired-multiple-weapons; (6) elicited-concern; (7) school-location; (8) personal-grievance; (9) suicide; (10) current-student. Study 2: 15 spree-shooters differenc…
Questions to Find Domestic-Terrorists, Mass-Murderers, Spree-Shooters, With a Study-1: 370-Workplace-Shooters vs. 370-Controls, and a Study-2: 9-Adult-Shooters With 12-Homicidal and 24-Controls Rated …
630 Terrorist-Mass-Murdering-Spree-Shooters are compared with 623-controls and separated by 16-Questions with a=.846, p<.01, AUC= .704, p<.01 that are: (1) homicidal? (2) suicidal? (3) stressful-life-event? (4) handgun-many-weapons-access? (5) violence-planning-preparing? (6) revenge? (7) eliciting-others-concern? (8) intent-leakage? (9) criminal-misconduct? (10) grievance? (11) random-violent-behavior? (12) threatening-victims? (13) dead-male-vi…
Questions to Find Mass-Murderers, Spree-Shooters, Domestic-Terrorists, and a Study-1 of 232-School-Shooters with Controls and a Study-2 of 6-Teen-Shooters With 11-Homicidal and 12-Control Youth Rated …
630 Domestic-Terrorist-Mass-Murdering-Spree-Shooters are compared with 623-controls and separated by16-Questions with significant a=.846, p<.01, AUC=.704, p<.01 that are: (1) homicidal? (2) suicidal? (3) stressful-life-event? (4) handgun-many-weapons-access? (5) violence-planning-preparing? (6) revenge-motive? (7) eliciting-others-concern? (8) intent-leakage? (9) criminal-misconduct-history? (10) personal-grievance? (11) random-violent-behavior? …
Implications of Machine-Learning, Internet-Tests to Save Lives and Money: 7-Point Violence Profile:" Review of 212 Studies, 320,051 Persons, Over 95 Years, With a Cross-Validation Among 136 Homicidal,…
Analysis of 136 persons with psychopathology, suicidal ideation, and violence included: (a) 79 adults [12 homicidal, 13 overdosing-substance-abusers, 15 sex-offending, 15 suicide-completers, 24 controls (23 women, 56 men) Mage=38.29]; and (b) 57 teens [11 homicidal, 7 overdosing-substance-abusers, 10 sex-offending, 17 suicide-completers, 12 controls (15 girls, 42 boys) Mage= 15.37] given (Standard Predictor of Violence Potential (SP), Quick Test …
Can the WRAT-4 Math Computation Subtest Predict Final Grade in College-Level Science
Seventy-one, freshman through senior undergraduate college students 28 males and 43 females, M age =22.34 yr., SD = 4.20 in 5 different science classes were administered the Wide Range Achievement Test Fourth Edition (WRAT-4) Math Computation Subtest. Predictive validity coefficients were calculated relative to the criterion of the final class grade. The validity coefficient for the pre-course WRAT score was statistically significant. The WRAT-4 …
Finding High Risk Persons with Internet Tests to Manage Risk—A Literature Review with Policy Implications to Avoid Violent Tragedies, Save Lives and Money
The goal is to share policy implications of sensitive, specific internet-based tests in place of current approaches to lowering violence, namely fewer mass murders, suicides, homicides. When used, internet-based tests save lives and money. From 2009-2015, a Chicago field test had 324 fewer homicides (saving $2,089,848,548, ROI =6.42). In 60 yrs., conventional approaches for high risk persons (e.g.,. inappropriately releasing poor, severely mental…
Ammons Quick Test Validity among Randomly Selected Referrals
After selection using a random number table, from volunteer referrals, 89 Youth (61 boys, 28 girls; 48 African Americans, 2 Asian Americans, 27 Euro-Americans, 12 Hispanic Americans), and 147 Adults (107 men, 40 women; 11 African Americans, 6 Asian Americans, 124 Euro-Americans, 6 Hispanic Americans) were administered the Ammons Quick Test (QT). Means, confidence intervals, standard deviations, and Pearson product-moment correlations among tests …
Finding Workers, Offenders, or Students Most at-Risk for Violence: Actuarial Tests save Lives and Resources
147 adults (107 men, 40 women) and 89 adolescents (61 boys, 28 girls), selected randomly from referrals and volunteers, were given the Ammons Quick Test (QT), the Beck Suicide Scale (BSS), the Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory Second (MMPI-2) or Adolescent Versions (MMPI-A), the Raven's Advanced Progressive Matrices, and the Standard Predictor (SP) of Violence Potential Adult or Adolescent Versions. The goals were to: (a) demonstrate co…
Violence Risk Appraisal of Male and Female Youth, Adults, and Individuals
Data from youth ( n = 1,127), adults ( n = 1,595), and individuals ( N = 2,722, combined youth and adults) were followed 3 to 12 years in records to develop items to predict abuse, violence, and homicide in these 3 relevant groups for risk appraisal or safety scales. Shao's bootstrapped logistic regression yielded 14 predictors for youth ( AUC = .91), 11 for adults ( AUC = .99), and 13 for individuals ( AUC = .96). Three regression equations were…
Looking Forward in Records of Youth Abused as Infants: Risks for Homicidal, Violent, and Delinquent Offenses
To study risks for abuse and later homicidal behavior, 192 abused infants (M age = 3.12 yr., SD = 1.48; 82 girls, 110 boys) and 192 controls were matched on demographics and examined; data discriminating abused and later homicidal cases were analyzed with Shao's bootstrapped logistic regression. Predictors of Abused status were injury, burn, poisoning, fetal substance exposure (OR = 2.47), later parental or youth court contacts (OR = 1.86e+12), a…
Looking Forward in Records of Youth Abused as Children: Risks for Homicidal, Violent, and Delinquent Offenses
To study risks of abuse, violence, and homicide, 181 Abused Children (M age = 12.85 yr., SD = 2.74; 58 girls, 123 boys) were matched with 181 clinic-referred Controls. Data analysis was Shao's bootstrapped logistic regression with area under curve (AUC) and odds ratios (OR). Predictors of abused status were court contacts (OR = 2.04e+22) and poorer executive function (OR = .81; AUC = .99; 95% CI = .97-.99). Groups were tracked forward in records …
An Empirical Theory of the Development of Homicide within Individuals
There have been many attempts to explain violent behavior, identify its causes, and predict its occurrence among youth and adults. Research and theoretical constructions have dealt with such far-ranging aspects as childhood health, peer and parental interactions, neuropsychological function, school and community support, and substance use and dependency. Theories have tended to focus on one or a few of these aspects, but there is an effort by man…
Cost Comparisons of Raising a Child from Birth to 17 Years among Samples of Abused, Delinquent, Violent, and Homicidal Youth Using Victimization and Justice System Estimates
Data from youth studied by Zagar and colleagues were randomly sampled to create groups of controls and abused, delinquent, violent, and homicidal youth (n=30 in each). Estimated costs of raising a nondelinquent youth from birth to 17 yr. were compared with the average costs incurred by other youth in each group. Estimates of living expenses, direct and indirect costs of victimization, and criminal justice system expenditures were summed. Groups d…
Accepted Legal Applications of Actuarial Testing and Delinquency Interventions: Examples of Savings in Real-Life Situations
Violent crime, especially by youth, is an increasing and costly problem. Zagar and colleagues have described five empirical studies in which youths' and adults' risks were identified and used to predict commission of homicide. The samples were more representative of the most violent modern urban delinquents than samples in previous research from smaller cities. From Zagar and colleagues' results, it is clear that the use of actuarial personality …
Looking forward in Records of Young Adults Convicted of Sexual Homicide, Rape, or Molestation as Youth: Risks for Reoffending
To assess the risks predicting reoffense, 223 Rapists (M age = 14.2 yr., SD = 1.5; 25 girls, 198 boys) were matched with 223 Nonviolent Delinquents; risks were analyzed using logistic regression. The one predictor was prior court contacts (OR = 1.55e+12; AUC = .99, 95% CI = .98-.99). 223 Molesters were similarly matched with 223 Nonviolent Delinquents; this comparison yielded three predictors: previous court contacts (OR = 4.55e+23), poorer execu…
Empirical Risk Factors for Delinquency and Best Treatments: Where do we go from here
Youth development and prevention of violence are two sides of the same public policy issue. A great deal of theoretical and empirical effort has focused on identification of risk factors for delinquency and development of interventions for general risks. Recent calls for changes in public policy are evaluated here--and challenged--in light of new comprehensive, longitudinal empirical data on urban violent delinquency. Treatments such as prenatal …
Summary of Studies of Abused Infants and Children Later Homicidal, and Homicidal, Assaulting later Homicidal, and Sexual Homicidal Youth and Adults
To study the risks of abuse, violence, and homicide, 5 studies of groups at risk for violence are summarized. 192 Abused Infants, 181 Abused Children, 127 Homicidal Youth, 425 Assaulters, 223 Rapists, and 223 Molesters were randomly selected and tracked in court, probation, medical, and school records, then compared with carefully matched groups of Controls and (in older groups) Nonviolent Delinquents. In adolescence or adulthood, these groups we…
Looking Forward and Backward in Records for Risks among Homicidal Youth
To identify risks for commission of homicide, 26 convicted Homicidal Youth (M age = 14.9 yr., SD = 1.4; n = 26; 1 girl, 25 boys) were matched with 26 Nonviolent Delinquents and 26 clinic-referred Controls. Youth were tracked backward 8 years (M = 7.7 yr., SD = 15) and forward 3 years (M = 3.1 yr., SD = 1.2) in records. Data analysis was Shao's bootstrapped logistic regression yielding area under the curve (AUC) and odds ratios (OR). Predictors of…
Comparing Early and Late Twentieth-Century Boston and Chicago Male Juvenile Offenders: What Changed
To investigate changes in characteristics of delinquents over time, randomly selected contemporary delinquents (Zagar, et al., 1980-1988; n=2,031) were compared with 3 historical Chicago and Boston samples (Healy & Bonner, 1909-1915, n=2,000; Healy & Bonner, 1917-1923, n=2,000; Glueck & Glueck, 1917-1922, n=1,000). All underwent physical, psychiatric, psychological, school, and social examinations. Contemporary delinquents had more assault, burgl…
Identification, Treatment, and Prevention of Homicide: Fallacies in Research, Treatment, and Policy—A Postscript on Youth Violence
This postscript conveys lessons learned from the 5 studies by Zagar and colleagues which examined risks for later commission of violence and homicide among abused, violent, and homicidal youth and adults. This set of studies is the first longitudinal data on risks for extreme violence from infancy to adulthood. The 5 articles following these studies consist of a developmental context for risks, historical comparisons of risks for delinquency, ana…
Introduction to a Series of Studies on Abused, Delinquent, Violent, and Homicidal Youth and Adults
To study the risks of abuse and homicide, 5 studies of unique groups of abused, delinquent, violent, homicidal, and criminal cases representing ages from infancy to adulthood are presented with areas (AUCs) under the receiver operating curves (ROCs) and odds ratios (OR) for commission of homicide. Delinquent samples compared show changes in risks since the early 1900s. Probation-parole tests contrasted reformed offenders with recidivists. Current…
Implications of Machine-Learning, Internet-Tests to Save Lives and Money: 7-Point Violence Profile:" Review of 212 Studies, 320,051 Persons, Over 95 Years, With a Cross-Validation Among 136 Homicidal,…
Analysis of 136 persons with psychopathology, suicidal ideation, and violence included: (a) 79 adults [12 homicidal, 13 overdosing-substance-abusers, 15 sex-offending, 15 suicide-completers, 24 controls (23 women, 56 men) Mage=38.29]; and (b) 57 teens [11 homicidal, 7 overdosing-substance-abusers, 10 sex-offending, 17 suicide-completers, 12 controls (15 girls, 42 boys) Mage= 15.37] given (Standard Predictor of Violence Potential (SP), Quick Test …
Questions to Find Mass-Murderers, Spree-Shooters, Domestic-Terrorists, and a Study-1 of 232-School-Shooters with Controls and a Study-2 of 6-Teen-Shooters With 11-Homicidal and 12-Control Youth Rated …
630 Domestic-Terrorist-Mass-Murdering-Spree-Shooters are compared with 623-controls and separated by16-Questions with significant a=.846, p<.01, AUC=.704, p<.01 that are: (1) homicidal? (2) suicidal? (3) stressful-life-event? (4) handgun-many-weapons-access? (5) violence-planning-preparing? (6) revenge-motive? (7) eliciting-others-concern? (8) intent-leakage? (9) criminal-misconduct-history? (10) personal-grievance? (11) random-violent-behavior? …
Personality Factors as Predictors of Grade Point Average and Graduation from Nursing School
For a sample of 570 female nursing students in a three-year, hospital-based, nursing diploma program, the predictive validity coefficients were determined for the ACT Assessment composite score, for ten subscales of the Edwards Personal Preference Schedule (EPPS), and for three scales (Lie, F, and Pd) of the Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory (MMPI) relative to a criterion measure of grade point average (GPA) through graduation or point …
Vocational interests and personality
The field of vocational counselling lacks consensus regarding the dimensions common to a vocational guidance test battery and the appropriate methodology to employ in the analysis of the internal structure of vocational guidance test data. In this study we sought to clarify these issues by testing the hypothesis that vocational interest and personality tests measure a common domain. The MMPI, EPPS, and KPR‐C were administered to 489 high school a…
Homicidal Adolescents: A Replication
Homicidal Adolescents: A Replication
Homicidal Adolescents: A Replication
30 homicidal delinquents were matched with 30 nonviolent delinquents on age, race, sex, and socioeconomic status. Both groups received physical, psychological, educational, psychiatric and social examinations. Data were evaluated using stepwise discriminant analysis. Previous research was replicated. Homicidal adolescents shared four symptoms: criminally violent families, gang participation, alcohol abuse, severe learning difficulties. In additio…
Looking Forward in Records of Youth Abused as Infants: Risks for Homicidal, Violent, and Delinquent Offenses
To study risks for abuse and later homicidal behavior, 192 abused infants (M age = 3.12 yr., SD = 1.48; 82 girls, 110 boys) and 192 controls were matched on demographics and examined; data discriminating abused and later homicidal cases were analyzed with Shao's bootstrapped logistic regression. Predictors of Abused status were injury, burn, poisoning, fetal substance exposure (OR = 2.47), later parental or youth court contacts (OR = 1.86e+12), a…
Looking Forward in Records of Youth Abused as Children: Risks for Homicidal, Violent, and Delinquent Offenses
To study risks of abuse, violence, and homicide, 181 Abused Children (M age = 12.85 yr., SD = 2.74; 58 girls, 123 boys) were matched with 181 clinic-referred Controls. Data analysis was Shao's bootstrapped logistic regression with area under curve (AUC) and odds ratios (OR). Predictors of abused status were court contacts (OR = 2.04e+22) and poorer executive function (OR = .81; AUC = .99; 95% CI = .97-.99). Groups were tracked forward in records …
An Empirical Theory of the Development of Homicide within Individuals
There have been many attempts to explain violent behavior, identify its causes, and predict its occurrence among youth and adults. Research and theoretical constructions have dealt with such far-ranging aspects as childhood health, peer and parental interactions, neuropsychological function, school and community support, and substance use and dependency. Theories have tended to focus on one or a few of these aspects, but there is an effort by man…
Cost Comparisons of Raising a Child from Birth to 17 Years among Samples of Abused, Delinquent, Violent, and Homicidal Youth Using Victimization and Justice System Estimates
Data from youth studied by Zagar and colleagues were randomly sampled to create groups of controls and abused, delinquent, violent, and homicidal youth (n=30 in each). Estimated costs of raising a nondelinquent youth from birth to 17 yr. were compared with the average costs incurred by other youth in each group. Estimates of living expenses, direct and indirect costs of victimization, and criminal justice system expenditures were summed. Groups d…
Accepted Legal Applications of Actuarial Testing and Delinquency Interventions: Examples of Savings in Real-Life Situations
Violent crime, especially by youth, is an increasing and costly problem. Zagar and colleagues have described five empirical studies in which youths' and adults' risks were identified and used to predict commission of homicide. The samples were more representative of the most violent modern urban delinquents than samples in previous research from smaller cities. From Zagar and colleagues' results, it is clear that the use of actuarial personality …
Looking forward in Records of Young Adults Convicted of Sexual Homicide, Rape, or Molestation as Youth: Risks for Reoffending
To assess the risks predicting reoffense, 223 Rapists (M age = 14.2 yr., SD = 1.5; 25 girls, 198 boys) were matched with 223 Nonviolent Delinquents; risks were analyzed using logistic regression. The one predictor was prior court contacts (OR = 1.55e+12; AUC = .99, 95% CI = .98-.99). 223 Molesters were similarly matched with 223 Nonviolent Delinquents; this comparison yielded three predictors: previous court contacts (OR = 4.55e+23), poorer execu…
Empirical Risk Factors for Delinquency and Best Treatments: Where do we go from here
Youth development and prevention of violence are two sides of the same public policy issue. A great deal of theoretical and empirical effort has focused on identification of risk factors for delinquency and development of interventions for general risks. Recent calls for changes in public policy are evaluated here--and challenged--in light of new comprehensive, longitudinal empirical data on urban violent delinquency. Treatments such as prenatal …
Summary of Studies of Abused Infants and Children Later Homicidal, and Homicidal, Assaulting later Homicidal, and Sexual Homicidal Youth and Adults
To study the risks of abuse, violence, and homicide, 5 studies of groups at risk for violence are summarized. 192 Abused Infants, 181 Abused Children, 127 Homicidal Youth, 425 Assaulters, 223 Rapists, and 223 Molesters were randomly selected and tracked in court, probation, medical, and school records, then compared with carefully matched groups of Controls and (in older groups) Nonviolent Delinquents. In adolescence or adulthood, these groups we…
Looking Forward and Backward in Records for Risks among Homicidal Youth
To identify risks for commission of homicide, 26 convicted Homicidal Youth (M age = 14.9 yr., SD = 1.4; n = 26; 1 girl, 25 boys) were matched with 26 Nonviolent Delinquents and 26 clinic-referred Controls. Youth were tracked backward 8 years (M = 7.7 yr., SD = 15) and forward 3 years (M = 3.1 yr., SD = 1.2) in records. Data analysis was Shao's bootstrapped logistic regression yielding area under the curve (AUC) and odds ratios (OR). Predictors of…
Comparing Early and Late Twentieth-Century Boston and Chicago Male Juvenile Offenders: What Changed
To investigate changes in characteristics of delinquents over time, randomly selected contemporary delinquents (Zagar, et al., 1980-1988; n=2,031) were compared with 3 historical Chicago and Boston samples (Healy & Bonner, 1909-1915, n=2,000; Healy & Bonner, 1917-1923, n=2,000; Glueck & Glueck, 1917-1922, n=1,000). All underwent physical, psychiatric, psychological, school, and social examinations. Contemporary delinquents had more assault, burgl…
Identification, Treatment, and Prevention of Homicide: Fallacies in Research, Treatment, and Policy—A Postscript on Youth Violence
This postscript conveys lessons learned from the 5 studies by Zagar and colleagues which examined risks for later commission of violence and homicide among abused, violent, and homicidal youth and adults. This set of studies is the first longitudinal data on risks for extreme violence from infancy to adulthood. The 5 articles following these studies consist of a developmental context for risks, historical comparisons of risks for delinquency, ana…
Introduction to a Series of Studies on Abused, Delinquent, Violent, and Homicidal Youth and Adults
To study the risks of abuse and homicide, 5 studies of unique groups of abused, delinquent, violent, homicidal, and criminal cases representing ages from infancy to adulthood are presented with areas (AUCs) under the receiver operating curves (ROCs) and odds ratios (OR) for commission of homicide. Delinquent samples compared show changes in risks since the early 1900s. Probation-parole tests contrasted reformed offenders with recidivists. Current…
Looking Forward in Records of Young Adults who were Convicted of Homicide or Assault as Youth: Risks for Reoffending
To assess risks of violent offending in young adults, 425 Delinquent Assaulters (M age = 14.1 yr., SD = 1.7; 77 girls, 348 boys) were matched with 425 Nonviolent Delinquents. Analysis of data from court, school, and medical records used Shao's bootstrapped logistic regressions. Predictors of Assaulter status were poorer executive function (OR = 0.97) and prior court contacts for violent offenses (OR = 3.5e+ 23; AUC = .97; 95% CI = .82-.99). Looki…
Violence Risk Appraisal of Male and Female Youth, Adults, and Individuals
Data from youth ( n = 1,127), adults ( n = 1,595), and individuals ( N = 2,722, combined youth and adults) were followed 3 to 12 years in records to develop items to predict abuse, violence, and homicide in these 3 relevant groups for risk appraisal or safety scales. Shao's bootstrapped logistic regression yielded 14 predictors for youth ( AUC = .91), 11 for adults ( AUC = .99), and 13 for individuals ( AUC = .96). Three regression equations were…
Ammons Quick Test Validity among Randomly Selected Referrals
After selection using a random number table, from volunteer referrals, 89 Youth (61 boys, 28 girls; 48 African Americans, 2 Asian Americans, 27 Euro-Americans, 12 Hispanic Americans), and 147 Adults (107 men, 40 women; 11 African Americans, 6 Asian Americans, 124 Euro-Americans, 6 Hispanic Americans) were administered the Ammons Quick Test (QT). Means, confidence intervals, standard deviations, and Pearson product-moment correlations among tests …
Finding Workers, Offenders, or Students Most at-Risk for Violence: Actuarial Tests save Lives and Resources
147 adults (107 men, 40 women) and 89 adolescents (61 boys, 28 girls), selected randomly from referrals and volunteers, were given the Ammons Quick Test (QT), the Beck Suicide Scale (BSS), the Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory Second (MMPI-2) or Adolescent Versions (MMPI-A), the Raven's Advanced Progressive Matrices, and the Standard Predictor (SP) of Violence Potential Adult or Adolescent Versions. The goals were to: (a) demonstrate co…
Finding High Risk Persons with Internet Tests to Manage Risk—A Literature Review with Policy Implications to Avoid Violent Tragedies, Save Lives and Money
The goal is to share policy implications of sensitive, specific internet-based tests in place of current approaches to lowering violence, namely fewer mass murders, suicides, homicides. When used, internet-based tests save lives and money. From 2009-2015, a Chicago field test had 324 fewer homicides (saving $2,089,848,548, ROI =6.42). In 60 yrs., conventional approaches for high risk persons (e.g.,. inappropriately releasing poor, severely mental…
Can the WRAT-4 Math Computation Subtest Predict Final Grade in College-Level Science
Seventy-one, freshman through senior undergraduate college students 28 males and 43 females, M age =22.34 yr., SD = 4.20 in 5 different science classes were administered the Wide Range Achievement Test Fourth Edition (WRAT-4) Math Computation Subtest. Predictive validity coefficients were calculated relative to the criterion of the final class grade. The validity coefficient for the pre-course WRAT score was statistically significant. The WRAT-4 …
Implications of Machine-Learning, Internet-Tests to Save Lives and Money: 7-Point Violence Profile:" Review of 212 Studies, 320,051 Persons, Over 95 Years, With a Cross-Validation Among 136 Homicidal,…
Analysis of 136 persons with psychopathology, suicidal ideation, and violence included: (a) 79 adults [12 homicidal, 13 overdosing-substance-abusers, 15 sex-offending, 15 suicide-completers, 24 controls (23 women, 56 men) Mage=38.29]; and (b) 57 teens [11 homicidal, 7 overdosing-substance-abusers, 10 sex-offending, 17 suicide-completers, 12 controls (15 girls, 42 boys) Mage= 15.37] given (Standard Predictor of Violence Potential (SP), Quick Test …
Study 1: 630 Domestic-Terrorist, Mass-Murdering, Spree-Shooters Differ from 623 Controls and Study 2: 15 Domestic-Terrorist, Mass-Murdering, Spree-Shooters Differ From 23 Homicidal and 36 Controls on …
Study 1: 630 spree-shooters [1936-2021] (1,650 deaths; 3,123 injuries; 194 suicides [31%]), 623 controls logistic regression differences (F= 260.44, df=10/1242, R=.82, R2 =.68, p<.01): (1) homicidal ideation; (2) planning-preparation; (3) stressful-life-event; (4) revenge-motive; (5) acquired-multiple-weapons; (6) elicited-concern; (7) school-location; (8) personal-grievance; (9) suicide; (10) current-student. Study 2: 15 spree-shooters differenc…
Psychology (28 works) · Medicine (22 works) · Poison control (16 works) · Homicide (15 works) · Medical emergency (15 works) · Psychiatry (15 works) · Child Abuse and Trauma (13 works) · Criminology (13 works) · Juvenile delinquency (12 works) · Psychopathy, Forensic Psychiatry, Sexual Offending (12 works)