Bambang Irwanto
Biographic Data
| ID | 6891682 |
|---|---|
| NAME | Bambang Irwanto |
| GIVEN NAMES | Bambang |
| FAMILY NAME | Irwanto |
| SIGNATURE | IRWANTO B |
| VERIFIED | No |
| TOTAL WORKS | 1 |
| TOTAL CITATIONS | 0 |
| AUTHOR COUNT | 1 |
| EDITOR COUNT | 0 |
| FIRST PUBLICATION YEAR | 2025 |
| LATEST PUBLICATION YEAR | 2025 |
| H-INDEX | 0 |
Defense Spending Under Pressure: An ARDL Study of Indonesia’s Economic and Strategic Realities
This study examines the economic and geopolitical determinants of Indonesia’s defense expenditure from 1984 to 2022 using the Autoregressive Distributed Lag (ARDL) model to capture both short-term and long-term dynamics. Recognizing the contextual relevance of Indonesia’s Total People’s Defense and Security System (SISHANKAMRATA), the analysis relies on conventional military expenditure data (% of GDP) due to the absence of consolidated multi-min…
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Defense Spending Under Pressure: An ARDL Study of Indonesia’s Economic and Strategic Realities
This study examines the economic and geopolitical determinants of Indonesia’s defense expenditure from 1984 to 2022 using the Autoregressive Distributed Lag (ARDL) model to capture both short-term and long-term dynamics. Recognizing the contextual relevance of Indonesia’s Total People’s Defense and Security System (SISHANKAMRATA), the analysis relies on conventional military expenditure data (% of GDP) due to the absence of consolidated multi-min…