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T Bruce Fryer

Biographic Data

ID690307
NAMET Bruce Fryer
GIVEN NAMEST Bruce
FAMILY NAMEFryer
SIGNATUREFRYER T B
AFFILIATIONSUniversity of Manchester
ORCID0000-0003-0694-3504
VERIFIEDYes
TOTAL WORKS14
TOTAL CITATIONS41
AUTHOR COUNT14
EDITOR COUNT0
FIRST PUBLICATION YEAR1970
LATEST PUBLICATION YEAR2026
H-INDEX3
  • How Does Higher Education Influence Attitudes Towards Muslims? Examining Mechanisms That Reduce Prejudice Within UK Universities

    Open Access•T Bruce Fryer, Tom Fryer et al.•ARTICLE•British Journal of Sociology•2026•References: 41

    This article examines the relationship between encounters with religious diversity and the perspectives people form about Muslims. Its empirical focus is individuals studying at UK universities. Previous research suggests Muslims are amongst those most subject to negative prejudice in the UK, this being structured around racial or ethnic prejudice and negative judgements about Islam as a religion. Universities, on the other hand, generally retain…

  • Multi-faith in policy only? Religion and belief inequalities at UK universities since the Equality Act

    Open Access•K Aune, T Bruce Fryer et al.•ARTICLE•British Journal of Sociology of…•2025•Cited by: 1•References: 23

    The Equality Act 2010 requires universities to eliminate harassment, ensure equality of opportunity and promote good relations for those of different religious or philosophical beliefs. The attention universities give to these obligations varies. This article analyses survey data from 4,618 students to examine religion and belief-related experiences and inequalities in universities in relation to the Equality Act’s three foci: eliminating harassm…

  • Redefining emergence: Making the case for contextual emergence in critical realism

    Open Access•Cristián Navarrete, T Bruce Fryer et al.•ARTICLE•Journal for the Theory of Social…•2024•Cited by: 3•References: 54

    Emergence is central to critical realism, but there has been little attempt to develop a systematic account of this concept within the tradition. Two notable exceptions are seen in the work of Dave Elder‐Vass and Tony Lawson. However, both face problems in responding to reductionist claims and accounting for downward causation. This paper proposes contextual emergence as a robust alternative that overcomes these issues and provides a better justi…

  • Do the political attitudes of students change during their time in higher education

    Open Access•T Bruce Fryer•ARTICLE•Higher Education•2023

    Experience of higher education (HE) has come to characterise many contemporary political divisions, including those related to Brexit, Trump and coronavirus policy. However, the academic literature is unclear whether HE plays a causal role in changing peoples’ political attitudes or is simply a proxy. Furthermore, in many contexts, there is limited descriptive evidence on whether students’ political attitudes change during HE. This paper focuses …

  • Does critical realism need the concept of three domains of reality? A roundtable

    Dave Elder-Va, T Bruce Fryer et al.•ARTICLE•Journal of Critical Realism•2023•Cited by: 5•References: 2

    The concept of the three domains of reality is widely used in empirical critical realist research. However, there has been little scrutiny of how the domains are conceptualized and what they contribute to critical realism and how they should be applied in empirical research. This paper involves four arguments. First, Tom Fryer and Cristián Navarrete argue that the three domains of reality are redundant, confusing, and unsupported by Bhaskar’s the…

  • A critical realist approach to thematic analysis: Producing Causal Explanations

    T Bruce Fryer•ARTICLE•Journal of Critical Realism•2022•Cited by: 20•References: 13

    Thematic analysis (TA) is one of the most popular methods in social science. There are several different approaches to TA that hold different ontological commitments, ranging from positivistic coding reliability TA to constructivist reflexive TA. However, there has been less focus on developing an approach that is informed by critical realism, with the notable exception of Wiltshire and Ronkainen. The first part of this paper proposes a five-step…

  • Conceptualising Graduate Outcomes with Critical Realism

    Open Access•T Bruce Fryer•ARTICLE•Higher Education Policy•2021•Cited by: 3•References: 6

  • Exito comercial: Prácticas administrativas y contextos culturales

    Jack B Jelinski, Michael Scott Doyle et al.•ARTICLE•Hispania•1999

  • Understanding Global Cultures: Metaphorical Journeys through 17 Countries

    Open Access•T Bruce Fryer, Martinj Gannon•ARTICLE•Modern Language Journal•1997•Cited by: 8

    Preface An Image of Thailand PART ONE: INTRODUCTION Understanding Cultural Metaphors PART TWO: CULTURAL METAPHORS The Traditional British House The Italian Opera The German Symphony French Wine The Swedish Stuga The Russian Ballet Belgian Lace The Spanish Bullfight Irish Conversations The Turkish Coffeehouse The Israeli Kibbutzim and Moshavim The Nigerian Marketplace The Japanese Garden India The Dance of Shiva American Football PART THREE: Clust…

  • New Challenges and Opportunities. Dimension: Languages '87

    Dolores N Mita, T Bruce Fryer et al.•ARTICLE•Italica•1990

  • A Spanish Review Grammar: Theory and Practice

    T Bruce Fryer, James S Holton et al.•ARTICLE•Hispania•1978

  • Toward a Systems Approach in the Preparation of Spanish Teachers

    T Bruce Fryer•ARTICLE•Hispania•1974

    TO RELATE some of developments which one of foremost figures in 'application of a systems approach in foreign language education, Bela Banathy, defines a as deliberately designed entties, comprised of parts, which are interrelated and designed to interact in order to attain predetermined purposes.p' Thus a systems approach to teacher preparation involves entities such as college department of foreign languages and literatures, college of educatio…

  • An Undergraduate Experience in Individualization of Foreign Language Instruction

    Open Access•T Bruce Fryer, Francis J Dannerbeck•ARTICLE•Foreign Language Annals•1973

  • FLES Certification: A Lack of Progress Report

    T Bruce Fryer, Joseph Michel•ARTICLE•Hispania•1970•Cited by: 1

  • A critical realist approach to thematic analysis: Producing Causal Explanations

    T Bruce Fryer•ARTICLE•Journal of Critical Realism•2022•Cited by: 20•References: 13

    Thematic analysis (TA) is one of the most popular methods in social science. There are several different approaches to TA that hold different ontological commitments, ranging from positivistic coding reliability TA to constructivist reflexive TA. However, there has been less focus on developing an approach that is informed by critical realism, with the notable exception of Wiltshire and Ronkainen. The first part of this paper proposes a five-step…

  • Understanding Global Cultures: Metaphorical Journeys through 17 Countries

    Open Access•T Bruce Fryer, Martinj Gannon•ARTICLE•Modern Language Journal•1997•Cited by: 8

    Preface An Image of Thailand PART ONE: INTRODUCTION Understanding Cultural Metaphors PART TWO: CULTURAL METAPHORS The Traditional British House The Italian Opera The German Symphony French Wine The Swedish Stuga The Russian Ballet Belgian Lace The Spanish Bullfight Irish Conversations The Turkish Coffeehouse The Israeli Kibbutzim and Moshavim The Nigerian Marketplace The Japanese Garden India The Dance of Shiva American Football PART THREE: Clust…

  • Does critical realism need the concept of three domains of reality? A roundtable

    Dave Elder-Va, T Bruce Fryer et al.•ARTICLE•Journal of Critical Realism•2023•Cited by: 5•References: 2

    The concept of the three domains of reality is widely used in empirical critical realist research. However, there has been little scrutiny of how the domains are conceptualized and what they contribute to critical realism and how they should be applied in empirical research. This paper involves four arguments. First, Tom Fryer and Cristián Navarrete argue that the three domains of reality are redundant, confusing, and unsupported by Bhaskar’s the…

  • Redefining emergence: Making the case for contextual emergence in critical realism

    Open Access•Cristián Navarrete, T Bruce Fryer et al.•ARTICLE•Journal for the Theory of Social…•2024•Cited by: 3•References: 54

    Emergence is central to critical realism, but there has been little attempt to develop a systematic account of this concept within the tradition. Two notable exceptions are seen in the work of Dave Elder‐Vass and Tony Lawson. However, both face problems in responding to reductionist claims and accounting for downward causation. This paper proposes contextual emergence as a robust alternative that overcomes these issues and provides a better justi…

  • Conceptualising Graduate Outcomes with Critical Realism

    Open Access•T Bruce Fryer•ARTICLE•Higher Education Policy•2021•Cited by: 3•References: 6

  • Multi-faith in policy only? Religion and belief inequalities at UK universities since the Equality Act

    Open Access•K Aune, T Bruce Fryer et al.•ARTICLE•British Journal of Sociology of…•2025•Cited by: 1•References: 23

    The Equality Act 2010 requires universities to eliminate harassment, ensure equality of opportunity and promote good relations for those of different religious or philosophical beliefs. The attention universities give to these obligations varies. This article analyses survey data from 4,618 students to examine religion and belief-related experiences and inequalities in universities in relation to the Equality Act’s three foci: eliminating harassm…

  • FLES Certification: A Lack of Progress Report

    T Bruce Fryer, Joseph Michel•ARTICLE•Hispania•1970•Cited by: 1

  • FLES Certification: A Lack of Progress Report

    T Bruce Fryer, Joseph Michel•ARTICLE•Hispania•1970•Cited by: 1

  • An Undergraduate Experience in Individualization of Foreign Language Instruction

    Open Access•T Bruce Fryer, Francis J Dannerbeck•ARTICLE•Foreign Language Annals•1973

  • Toward a Systems Approach in the Preparation of Spanish Teachers

    T Bruce Fryer•ARTICLE•Hispania•1974

    TO RELATE some of developments which one of foremost figures in 'application of a systems approach in foreign language education, Bela Banathy, defines a as deliberately designed entties, comprised of parts, which are interrelated and designed to interact in order to attain predetermined purposes.p' Thus a systems approach to teacher preparation involves entities such as college department of foreign languages and literatures, college of educatio…

  • A Spanish Review Grammar: Theory and Practice

    T Bruce Fryer, James S Holton et al.•ARTICLE•Hispania•1978

  • New Challenges and Opportunities. Dimension: Languages '87

    Dolores N Mita, T Bruce Fryer et al.•ARTICLE•Italica•1990

  • Understanding Global Cultures: Metaphorical Journeys through 17 Countries

    Open Access•T Bruce Fryer, Martinj Gannon•ARTICLE•Modern Language Journal•1997•Cited by: 8

    Preface An Image of Thailand PART ONE: INTRODUCTION Understanding Cultural Metaphors PART TWO: CULTURAL METAPHORS The Traditional British House The Italian Opera The German Symphony French Wine The Swedish Stuga The Russian Ballet Belgian Lace The Spanish Bullfight Irish Conversations The Turkish Coffeehouse The Israeli Kibbutzim and Moshavim The Nigerian Marketplace The Japanese Garden India The Dance of Shiva American Football PART THREE: Clust…

  • Exito comercial: Prácticas administrativas y contextos culturales

    Jack B Jelinski, Michael Scott Doyle et al.•ARTICLE•Hispania•1999

  • Conceptualising Graduate Outcomes with Critical Realism

    Open Access•T Bruce Fryer•ARTICLE•Higher Education Policy•2021•Cited by: 3•References: 6

  • A critical realist approach to thematic analysis: Producing Causal Explanations

    T Bruce Fryer•ARTICLE•Journal of Critical Realism•2022•Cited by: 20•References: 13

    Thematic analysis (TA) is one of the most popular methods in social science. There are several different approaches to TA that hold different ontological commitments, ranging from positivistic coding reliability TA to constructivist reflexive TA. However, there has been less focus on developing an approach that is informed by critical realism, with the notable exception of Wiltshire and Ronkainen. The first part of this paper proposes a five-step…

  • Do the political attitudes of students change during their time in higher education

    Open Access•T Bruce Fryer•ARTICLE•Higher Education•2023

    Experience of higher education (HE) has come to characterise many contemporary political divisions, including those related to Brexit, Trump and coronavirus policy. However, the academic literature is unclear whether HE plays a causal role in changing peoples’ political attitudes or is simply a proxy. Furthermore, in many contexts, there is limited descriptive evidence on whether students’ political attitudes change during HE. This paper focuses …

  • Does critical realism need the concept of three domains of reality? A roundtable

    Dave Elder-Va, T Bruce Fryer et al.•ARTICLE•Journal of Critical Realism•2023•Cited by: 5•References: 2

    The concept of the three domains of reality is widely used in empirical critical realist research. However, there has been little scrutiny of how the domains are conceptualized and what they contribute to critical realism and how they should be applied in empirical research. This paper involves four arguments. First, Tom Fryer and Cristián Navarrete argue that the three domains of reality are redundant, confusing, and unsupported by Bhaskar’s the…

  • Redefining emergence: Making the case for contextual emergence in critical realism

    Open Access•Cristián Navarrete, T Bruce Fryer et al.•ARTICLE•Journal for the Theory of Social…•2024•Cited by: 3•References: 54

    Emergence is central to critical realism, but there has been little attempt to develop a systematic account of this concept within the tradition. Two notable exceptions are seen in the work of Dave Elder‐Vass and Tony Lawson. However, both face problems in responding to reductionist claims and accounting for downward causation. This paper proposes contextual emergence as a robust alternative that overcomes these issues and provides a better justi…

  • Multi-faith in policy only? Religion and belief inequalities at UK universities since the Equality Act

    Open Access•K Aune, T Bruce Fryer et al.•ARTICLE•British Journal of Sociology of…•2025•Cited by: 1•References: 23

    The Equality Act 2010 requires universities to eliminate harassment, ensure equality of opportunity and promote good relations for those of different religious or philosophical beliefs. The attention universities give to these obligations varies. This article analyses survey data from 4,618 students to examine religion and belief-related experiences and inequalities in universities in relation to the Equality Act’s three foci: eliminating harassm…

  • How Does Higher Education Influence Attitudes Towards Muslims? Examining Mechanisms That Reduce Prejudice Within UK Universities

    Open Access•T Bruce Fryer, Tom Fryer et al.•ARTICLE•British Journal of Sociology•2026•References: 41

    This article examines the relationship between encounters with religious diversity and the perspectives people form about Muslims. Its empirical focus is individuals studying at UK universities. Previous research suggests Muslims are amongst those most subject to negative prejudice in the UK, this being structured around racial or ethnic prejudice and negative judgements about Islam as a religion. Universities, on the other hand, generally retain…

Sociology (8 works) · Political science (5 works) · Computer Science (4 works) · Critical Realism in Sociology (4 works) · Epistemology (4 works) · Higher education (4 works) · Linguistics (4 works) · Psychology (4 works) · Realism (4 works) · Critical realism (philosophy of perception (3 works)

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