Kenneth G Castro
Biographic Data
| ID | 7004270 |
|---|---|
| NAME | Kenneth G Castro |
| GIVEN NAMES | Kenneth G |
| FAMILY NAME | Castro |
| SIGNATURE | CASTRO K G |
| AFFILIATIONS | Centers for Disease Control and Prevention |
| ORCID | 0000-0001-7964-6354 |
| VERIFIED | Yes |
| TOTAL WORKS | 10 |
| TOTAL CITATIONS | 90 |
| AUTHOR COUNT | 10 |
| EDITOR COUNT | 0 |
| FIRST PUBLICATION YEAR | 1988 |
| LATEST PUBLICATION YEAR | 2025 |
| H-INDEX | 4 |
From knowledge to action: The role of professional health associations on public health well-being in Ukraine
Professional health associations increasingly serve as vital transnational actors in responding to global public health emergencies and shaping health system resilience. Their cross-border collaboration becomes especially critical in conflict-affected settings, where local infrastructure is overwhelmed, and international expertise, advocacy, and solidarity can bridge urgent gaps. In Ukraine, the intersection of war, health system disruption, and …
The global impact of Covid-19 on tuberculosis: A thematic scoping review, 2020–2023
Background This thematic scoping review of publications sought to understand the global impact of COVID-19 on tuberculosis (TB), interpret the scope of resonating themes, and offer policy recommendations to stimulate TB recovery and future pandemic preparedness. Data sources Publications were captured from three search engines, PubMed, EBSCO, and Google Scholar, and applicable websites written in English from January 1, 2020, to April 30, 2023. S…
Unexpected decline in tuberculosis cases coincident with economic recession - United States, 2009
Our assessments show that the decline in reported TB was not an artifact of changes in surveillance methods; rather, similar declines were found through multiple data sources. While the steady decline of TB cases before 2009 suggests ongoing improvement in TB control, we were not able to identify any substantial change in TB control activities or TB transmission that would account for the abrupt decline in 2009. It is possible that other multiple…
The fall after the rise: Tuberculosis in the United States, 1991 through 1994
OBJECTIVES: Factors associated with decreases in tuberculosis cases observed in the United States in 1993 and 1994 were analyzed. METHODS: Changes in case counts reported to the national surveillance system were evaluated by dividing the number of incident cases of TB reported in 1993 and 1994 by the number of cases reported in 1991 and 1992 and stratifying these ratios by demographic factors, AIDS incidence, and changes in program performance. R…
Tuberculosis surveillance in the United States: Case definitions used by state health departments
Health departments in all 53 reporting areas in the United States were asked to submit the case definition they used for tuberculosis surveillance. Sixteen areas used the 1990 case definition; two areas sent 1977 guidelines; and 34 areas sent other definitions. Case reports sent to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) in 1992 were analyzed; 4% of cases did not meet the 1990 definition. Tuberculosis case reporting criteria are not …
Women at a sexually transmitted disease clinic who reported same-sex contact: Their HIV seroprevalence and risk behaviors
OBJECTIVES. This study compares characteristics, behaviors, and human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection in women who reported same-sex contact and women who had sex only with men. METHODS. Participants were patients attending a New York City sexually transmitted disease clinic. Structured questionnaires were administered by interviewers. RESULTS. Overall, 9% (135/1518) of women reported same-sex contact; among these, 93% also reported contac…
Aids trends among Hispanics in the United States
OBJECTIVES. In 1991 the incidence of acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) in the United States was 31.6 per 100,000 population among Hispanics and 11.8 per 100,000 among non-Hispanic Whites. The purpose of this study was to further describe the AIDS epidemic among Hispanics by examining differences in risk factors among different Hispanic groups (as defined by birthplace). METHODS. AIDS cases reported to the Centers for Disease Control and P…
Perspectives on HIV/Aids epidemiology and prevention from the Eighth International Conference on Aids
The Eighth International AIDS Symposium in Amsterdam, the Netherlands, provided updated scientific and programmatic information on the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) and acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) to thousands of interested participants. As in the other scientific areas, the amount of information presented in epidemiology and prevention was overwhelming; however, the scientific progress described was steady but incremental. Thi…
Birthplace and the risk of Aids among Hispanics in the United States
To extend previous work showing that the risk of AIDS (acquired immunodeficiency syndrome) is higher in US Hispanics than in Whites who are not Hispanic, we compared US residents born in different Latin American countries. We computed the cumulative incidence (CI) of AIDS and the distribution of cases by mode of exposure. Cases were those reported to the Centers for Disease Control between June 1, 1981 and December 12, 1988, and populations speci…
Racial/ethnic differences in the risk of Aids in the United States
We analyzed the variation in the risk of AIDS in US Blacks, Hispanics, and other racial/ethnic groups relative to that in Whites (non-Hispanic) by geographic area and mode of acquiring HIV infection, based on data reported between June 1, 1981 and January 18, 1988 to the Centers for Disease Control and 1980 US census data. Relative risks (RRs) in Blacks and Hispanics were highest in the northeast region, and higher in suburbs than in central citi…
Racial/ethnic differences in the risk of Aids in the United States
We analyzed the variation in the risk of AIDS in US Blacks, Hispanics, and other racial/ethnic groups relative to that in Whites (non-Hispanic) by geographic area and mode of acquiring HIV infection, based on data reported between June 1, 1981 and January 18, 1988 to the Centers for Disease Control and 1980 US census data. Relative risks (RRs) in Blacks and Hispanics were highest in the northeast region, and higher in suburbs than in central citi…
Birthplace and the risk of Aids among Hispanics in the United States
To extend previous work showing that the risk of AIDS (acquired immunodeficiency syndrome) is higher in US Hispanics than in Whites who are not Hispanic, we compared US residents born in different Latin American countries. We computed the cumulative incidence (CI) of AIDS and the distribution of cases by mode of exposure. Cases were those reported to the Centers for Disease Control between June 1, 1981 and December 12, 1988, and populations speci…
Women at a sexually transmitted disease clinic who reported same-sex contact: Their HIV seroprevalence and risk behaviors
OBJECTIVES. This study compares characteristics, behaviors, and human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection in women who reported same-sex contact and women who had sex only with men. METHODS. Participants were patients attending a New York City sexually transmitted disease clinic. Structured questionnaires were administered by interviewers. RESULTS. Overall, 9% (135/1518) of women reported same-sex contact; among these, 93% also reported contac…
Aids trends among Hispanics in the United States
OBJECTIVES. In 1991 the incidence of acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) in the United States was 31.6 per 100,000 population among Hispanics and 11.8 per 100,000 among non-Hispanic Whites. The purpose of this study was to further describe the AIDS epidemic among Hispanics by examining differences in risk factors among different Hispanic groups (as defined by birthplace). METHODS. AIDS cases reported to the Centers for Disease Control and P…
The fall after the rise: Tuberculosis in the United States, 1991 through 1994
OBJECTIVES: Factors associated with decreases in tuberculosis cases observed in the United States in 1993 and 1994 were analyzed. METHODS: Changes in case counts reported to the national surveillance system were evaluated by dividing the number of incident cases of TB reported in 1993 and 1994 by the number of cases reported in 1991 and 1992 and stratifying these ratios by demographic factors, AIDS incidence, and changes in program performance. R…
Perspectives on HIV/Aids epidemiology and prevention from the Eighth International Conference on Aids
The Eighth International AIDS Symposium in Amsterdam, the Netherlands, provided updated scientific and programmatic information on the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) and acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) to thousands of interested participants. As in the other scientific areas, the amount of information presented in epidemiology and prevention was overwhelming; however, the scientific progress described was steady but incremental. Thi…
Tuberculosis surveillance in the United States: Case definitions used by state health departments
Health departments in all 53 reporting areas in the United States were asked to submit the case definition they used for tuberculosis surveillance. Sixteen areas used the 1990 case definition; two areas sent 1977 guidelines; and 34 areas sent other definitions. Case reports sent to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) in 1992 were analyzed; 4% of cases did not meet the 1990 definition. Tuberculosis case reporting criteria are not …
Racial/ethnic differences in the risk of Aids in the United States
We analyzed the variation in the risk of AIDS in US Blacks, Hispanics, and other racial/ethnic groups relative to that in Whites (non-Hispanic) by geographic area and mode of acquiring HIV infection, based on data reported between June 1, 1981 and January 18, 1988 to the Centers for Disease Control and 1980 US census data. Relative risks (RRs) in Blacks and Hispanics were highest in the northeast region, and higher in suburbs than in central citi…
Birthplace and the risk of Aids among Hispanics in the United States
To extend previous work showing that the risk of AIDS (acquired immunodeficiency syndrome) is higher in US Hispanics than in Whites who are not Hispanic, we compared US residents born in different Latin American countries. We computed the cumulative incidence (CI) of AIDS and the distribution of cases by mode of exposure. Cases were those reported to the Centers for Disease Control between June 1, 1981 and December 12, 1988, and populations speci…
Perspectives on HIV/Aids epidemiology and prevention from the Eighth International Conference on Aids
The Eighth International AIDS Symposium in Amsterdam, the Netherlands, provided updated scientific and programmatic information on the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) and acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) to thousands of interested participants. As in the other scientific areas, the amount of information presented in epidemiology and prevention was overwhelming; however, the scientific progress described was steady but incremental. Thi…
Aids trends among Hispanics in the United States
OBJECTIVES. In 1991 the incidence of acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) in the United States was 31.6 per 100,000 population among Hispanics and 11.8 per 100,000 among non-Hispanic Whites. The purpose of this study was to further describe the AIDS epidemic among Hispanics by examining differences in risk factors among different Hispanic groups (as defined by birthplace). METHODS. AIDS cases reported to the Centers for Disease Control and P…
Women at a sexually transmitted disease clinic who reported same-sex contact: Their HIV seroprevalence and risk behaviors
OBJECTIVES. This study compares characteristics, behaviors, and human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection in women who reported same-sex contact and women who had sex only with men. METHODS. Participants were patients attending a New York City sexually transmitted disease clinic. Structured questionnaires were administered by interviewers. RESULTS. Overall, 9% (135/1518) of women reported same-sex contact; among these, 93% also reported contac…
Tuberculosis surveillance in the United States: Case definitions used by state health departments
Health departments in all 53 reporting areas in the United States were asked to submit the case definition they used for tuberculosis surveillance. Sixteen areas used the 1990 case definition; two areas sent 1977 guidelines; and 34 areas sent other definitions. Case reports sent to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) in 1992 were analyzed; 4% of cases did not meet the 1990 definition. Tuberculosis case reporting criteria are not …
The fall after the rise: Tuberculosis in the United States, 1991 through 1994
OBJECTIVES: Factors associated with decreases in tuberculosis cases observed in the United States in 1993 and 1994 were analyzed. METHODS: Changes in case counts reported to the national surveillance system were evaluated by dividing the number of incident cases of TB reported in 1993 and 1994 by the number of cases reported in 1991 and 1992 and stratifying these ratios by demographic factors, AIDS incidence, and changes in program performance. R…
Unexpected decline in tuberculosis cases coincident with economic recession - United States, 2009
Our assessments show that the decline in reported TB was not an artifact of changes in surveillance methods; rather, similar declines were found through multiple data sources. While the steady decline of TB cases before 2009 suggests ongoing improvement in TB control, we were not able to identify any substantial change in TB control activities or TB transmission that would account for the abrupt decline in 2009. It is possible that other multiple…
The global impact of Covid-19 on tuberculosis: A thematic scoping review, 2020–2023
Background This thematic scoping review of publications sought to understand the global impact of COVID-19 on tuberculosis (TB), interpret the scope of resonating themes, and offer policy recommendations to stimulate TB recovery and future pandemic preparedness. Data sources Publications were captured from three search engines, PubMed, EBSCO, and Google Scholar, and applicable websites written in English from January 1, 2020, to April 30, 2023. S…
From knowledge to action: The role of professional health associations on public health well-being in Ukraine
Professional health associations increasingly serve as vital transnational actors in responding to global public health emergencies and shaping health system resilience. Their cross-border collaboration becomes especially critical in conflict-affected settings, where local infrastructure is overwhelmed, and international expertise, advocacy, and solidarity can bridge urgent gaps. In Ukraine, the intersection of war, health system disruption, and …
Medicine (9 works) · Environmental health (7 works) · Demography (6 works) · Disease control (5 works) · HIV/AIDS Research and Interventions (5 works) · Tuberculosis (5 works) · Family medicine (4 works) · HIV, Drug Use, Sexual Risk (4 works) · Adolescent Sexual and Reproductive Health (3 works) · Confidence interval (3 works)