Robert Karl
Biographic Data
| ID | 704121 |
|---|---|
| NAME | Robert Karl |
| GIVEN NAMES | Robert |
| FAMILY NAME | Karl |
| SIGNATURE | KARL R |
| AFFILIATIONS | Bangor University |
| ORCID | 0000-0001-5832-8656 |
| VERIFIED | Yes |
| TOTAL WORKS | 22 |
| TOTAL CITATIONS | 32 |
| WORKS AS AUTHOR | 22 |
| WORKS AS EDITOR | 0 |
| FIRST PUBLICATION YEAR | 2004 |
| LATEST PUBLICATION YEAR | 2023 |
| H-INDEX | 4 |
The Frontier Effect
This compact volume is an indispensable study of state imaginaries and the political economy of development in Colombia's contemporary internal conflict. In contributing to a growing literature that contests metanarratives of the Colombian state's absence or failure, Teo Ballvé also accounts for the power and persistence of right-wing paramilitarism. Ballvé convincingly argues that the supposed absence of the state in northwestern Colombia's bana…
Evaluating Participatory Practice In archaeology
In this paper we present a proposal for the creation of a standardized evaluation model for participatory/public/community archaeology and heritage initiatives. The proposal is the result of discussions during a Spring School that the University of Padua and the MAG Museum of Alto Garda, Italy, organized between 9 and 15 April 2018. The Spring School brought together international practitioners to compare experiences and share visions for the sus…
Authority and Subject (in the Archaeological Discourse in Austria and Germany)
The primary task of archaeological heritage management is to represent the public interest in archaeology. How this is constituted and determined has changed significantly over the past 200 years. As this paper demonstrates, a modern, egalitarian, democratic approach has yet to be established within Austrian and German archaeological heritage management: the relationship between heritage management bureaucracy and the civic subject is anachronist…
The Celts in Antiquity
One historical actor in Antiquity are the populations of Western-Central Europe, commonly called 'Celts' by classical authors. Themselves (mostly) illiterate until approximately the 1st century BC/AD, reports about them, written by foreigners like Polybius, Caesar, Diodorus and others have survived. The study of 'Celtic' societies thus can hardly rely on classical historiography, but is mainly based on archaeology. Historical sources and archaeol…
Politics and Power
Reconstruction of Iron Age social and political structures relies initially on written sources, but classical texts are both biased in how they describe institutions, especially among other peoples, and patchy in time and space. From the mid-first millennium BC, we get details on how polities such as Athens, Sparta, and Rome functioned, but these are not representative of other Greek and Italian peoples, let alone non-Mediterranean societies. The…
Judgement Day in Heritage Hell
Two recent higher court findings from Austria show how the Austrian National Heritage Agency [BDA] has misinterpreted and misapplied the provisions of § 11 (1) Austrian Monument Protection Law. While the BDA has maintained for decades that consent is required under § 11 (1) for any fieldwork, even surface surveys, regardless of whether archaeology is known, legal challenge has established that neither is the case. Rather, it appears that consent …
Rezension über Manuel Fernández-Götz, Identity and Power
Estella Weiss-Krejci, Barbara Horejs Editorial â 7 Artikel / Articles Brigitta Mader Zwischen Stillstand und Aufschwung. Die Prähistorische Kommission der à sterreichischen Akademie der Wissenschaften von 1918 bis 1938 â 11 Wolfgang F. A. Lobisser, Daniela Kern Lanze, Pfriem und Muschelschmuck. Experimentelle Nachbauten von Objekten aus tierischen Rohstoffen nach Originalen aus endneolithischen Gräbern des Unteren Traisentals â 45 Eleftheria Kard…
What is ‘European Archaeology’? What Should it be
European archaeology’ is an ambiguous and contested rubric. Rooted in the political histories of European archaeology, it potentially unites an academic field and provides a basis for international collaboration and inclusion, but also creates essentialized identities and exclusionary discourses. This discussion article presents a range of views on what European archaeology is, where it comes from, and what it could be
More tales from heritage hell
The Austrian Denkmalschutzgesetz (heritage protection law) aims to give total protection to all archaeological heritage. To achieve this, it takes a ‘finds-centred’ approach: chance finds are protected by some provisions in the law, searching for archaeology is restricted severely, and exclusively to archaeology graduates, by others. Yet, what has been completely forgotten is that most archaeology, and particularly the most threatened archaeology…
Conserving and Managing Ancient Monuments. Heritage, Democracy, and Inclusion, by Keith Emerick
"Conserving and Managing Ancient Monuments. Heritage, Democracy, and Inclusion, by Keith Emerick." Archaeological Journal, 173(2), pp. 406–407
Archaeological Responses to 5 Decades of Metal Detecting in Austria
Since metal detecting started in Austria in 1970, the National Heritage Agency (BDA) has focussed too much on prohibiting metal detecting. The strategy chosen, increasingly restrictive legislation, has turned out to be a failure. Rather than improving the protection of archaeological heritage from ‚unauthorised‘ metal detecting, the ‚hobby‘ has grown steadily. Yet, the changes to the law have made protecting archaeology more difficult and are res…
The Freedom of Archaeological Research
Archaeologists like to think that heritage protection laws serve the purpose to protect all archaeology from damage. Thus, provisions like that of § 11 (1) Austrian Denkmalschutzgesetz or Art. 3 i-ii of the Valetta convention are interpreted as a blanket ban on archaeological fieldwork 'unauthorised' by national heritage agencies, and a general prohibition against archaeological field research by non-professionals. The Austrian National Heritage …
Archaeology and Celtic Myth
Archaeology and Celtic Myth: An Exploration, by John Waddell." Archaeological Journal, 173(2), pp. 393–394
Small Works, Big Stories. Methodological approaches to photogrammetry through crowd-sourcing experiences
A recent digital public archaeology project (HeritageTogether) sought to build a series of 3D ditigal models using photogrammetry from crowd-sourced images. The project saw over 13000 digital images being donated, and resulted in models of some 78 sites, providing resources for researchers, and condition surveys. The project demonstrated that digital public archaeology does not stop at the 'trowel's edge', and that collaborative post-excavation a…
Crowd-sourcing archaeological research
Archaeologists are increasingly working with crowd-sourced digital data. Using evidence from other disciplines about the nature of crowd-sourcing in academic research, we suggest that archaeological projects using donated data can usefully be differentiated between generative projects (which rely on data collected by citizen scientists), and analytical projects (which make use of volunteers to classify, or otherwise analyse data that are provided…
Picture This! Community-Led Production of Alternative Views of the Heritage of Gwynedd
The digital camera has become ubiquitous. Every mobile phone has one built in, almost everyone has a mobile phone, and people use them constantly for all kinds of things, including taking pictures. In a new collaborative project, funded by the Arts and Humanities Research Council (AHRC), Bangor, Aberystwyth and Manchester Metropolitan Universities have teamed up with Gwynedd Archaeological Trust to develop tools to allow communities to picture th…
Holy Cow! Hawks, Wolves, Sheep and the Archaeological Animal Farm
Since, in her article ‘Securing Cultural Heritage Objects and Fencing Stolen Goods? A Case Study on Museums and Metal Detecting in Norway’, Rasmussen addresses numerous important points, I selectiv
Between the Guerrillas and the State
First published in Spanish in 2001, María Clemencia Ramírez’s revised and updated book evocatively traces the trajectory of one of twentieth-century Colombia’s largest but most overlooked social movements: the efforts of southern Colombian peasant coca cultivators (cocaleros) to gain recognition from a central state that had long dismissed their region as a site of transiency and disorder. In other words, the book is a “study of marginalization” …
On the Highway to Hell
At first glance, Austrian laws for the protection of archaeological heritage appear to be almost perfect: licenses for archaeological fieldwork, including metal detector surveys, can only be awarded to archaeology graduates. Yet, this had unintended consequences: the number of finds reported by members of the public has declined dramatically. Also, conditions issued by the Bundesdenkmalamt on excavation licenses only affect archaeologists, who ha…
Random Coincidences Or
This paper examines whether there really are fundamental differences between a Celtic model of social organisation and the observations made by J.D. Hill about PRIA social organisation in southern England. Hill's alternative model, which in his opinion seems to be fundamentally at odds with what can be learned from Celtic sources, is characterised by the importance of three main factors. These are the essentially ideological, east-facing orientat…
Master and Apprentice, Knight and Squire
The role of education and agency of children as factors in the formation of Iron Age culture is addressed. Historical sources on education from Iron Age Gaul are compared with later ‘medieval Celtic’ practices. Fosterage, common Celtic *altros, may have been the evolutionary precursor of apprenticeships and knight–squire relationships, as developed in the feudal states of medieval Europe. Fosterage establishes artificial kinship, strengthens kins…
Celtoscepticism
Ten years ago, what were formerly known as the Celts suddenly became nothing but a myth. It became fashionable to deconstruct the Celts. No more than knocking down a straw person, many have said since. An absolute necessity, long overdue, others stated. Even the word ‘Celt’ itself has, in some circles, become a dirty word, politically incorrect, a no-say
What is ‘European Archaeology’? What Should it be
European archaeology’ is an ambiguous and contested rubric. Rooted in the political histories of European archaeology, it potentially unites an academic field and provides a basis for international collaboration and inclusion, but also creates essentialized identities and exclusionary discourses. This discussion article presents a range of views on what European archaeology is, where it comes from, and what it could be
Master and Apprentice, Knight and Squire
The role of education and agency of children as factors in the formation of Iron Age culture is addressed. Historical sources on education from Iron Age Gaul are compared with later ‘medieval Celtic’ practices. Fosterage, common Celtic *altros, may have been the evolutionary precursor of apprenticeships and knight–squire relationships, as developed in the feudal states of medieval Europe. Fosterage establishes artificial kinship, strengthens kins…
Random Coincidences Or
This paper examines whether there really are fundamental differences between a Celtic model of social organisation and the observations made by J.D. Hill about PRIA social organisation in southern England. Hill's alternative model, which in his opinion seems to be fundamentally at odds with what can be learned from Celtic sources, is characterised by the importance of three main factors. These are the essentially ideological, east-facing orientat…
Evaluating Participatory Practice In archaeology
In this paper we present a proposal for the creation of a standardized evaluation model for participatory/public/community archaeology and heritage initiatives. The proposal is the result of discussions during a Spring School that the University of Padua and the MAG Museum of Alto Garda, Italy, organized between 9 and 15 April 2018. The Spring School brought together international practitioners to compare experiences and share visions for the sus…
Picture This! Community-Led Production of Alternative Views of the Heritage of Gwynedd
The digital camera has become ubiquitous. Every mobile phone has one built in, almost everyone has a mobile phone, and people use them constantly for all kinds of things, including taking pictures. In a new collaborative project, funded by the Arts and Humanities Research Council (AHRC), Bangor, Aberystwyth and Manchester Metropolitan Universities have teamed up with Gwynedd Archaeological Trust to develop tools to allow communities to picture th…
Archaeological Responses to 5 Decades of Metal Detecting in Austria
Since metal detecting started in Austria in 1970, the National Heritage Agency (BDA) has focussed too much on prohibiting metal detecting. The strategy chosen, increasingly restrictive legislation, has turned out to be a failure. Rather than improving the protection of archaeological heritage from ‚unauthorised‘ metal detecting, the ‚hobby‘ has grown steadily. Yet, the changes to the law have made protecting archaeology more difficult and are res…
Authority and Subject (in the Archaeological Discourse in Austria and Germany)
The primary task of archaeological heritage management is to represent the public interest in archaeology. How this is constituted and determined has changed significantly over the past 200 years. As this paper demonstrates, a modern, egalitarian, democratic approach has yet to be established within Austrian and German archaeological heritage management: the relationship between heritage management bureaucracy and the civic subject is anachronist…
Small Works, Big Stories. Methodological approaches to photogrammetry through crowd-sourcing experiences
A recent digital public archaeology project (HeritageTogether) sought to build a series of 3D ditigal models using photogrammetry from crowd-sourced images. The project saw over 13000 digital images being donated, and resulted in models of some 78 sites, providing resources for researchers, and condition surveys. The project demonstrated that digital public archaeology does not stop at the 'trowel's edge', and that collaborative post-excavation a…
Crowd-sourcing archaeological research
Archaeologists are increasingly working with crowd-sourced digital data. Using evidence from other disciplines about the nature of crowd-sourcing in academic research, we suggest that archaeological projects using donated data can usefully be differentiated between generative projects (which rely on data collected by citizen scientists), and analytical projects (which make use of volunteers to classify, or otherwise analyse data that are provided…
Holy Cow! Hawks, Wolves, Sheep and the Archaeological Animal Farm
Since, in her article ‘Securing Cultural Heritage Objects and Fencing Stolen Goods? A Case Study on Museums and Metal Detecting in Norway’, Rasmussen addresses numerous important points, I selectiv
Celtoscepticism
Ten years ago, what were formerly known as the Celts suddenly became nothing but a myth. It became fashionable to deconstruct the Celts. No more than knocking down a straw person, many have said since. An absolute necessity, long overdue, others stated. Even the word ‘Celt’ itself has, in some circles, become a dirty word, politically incorrect, a no-say
Master and Apprentice, Knight and Squire
The role of education and agency of children as factors in the formation of Iron Age culture is addressed. Historical sources on education from Iron Age Gaul are compared with later ‘medieval Celtic’ practices. Fosterage, common Celtic *altros, may have been the evolutionary precursor of apprenticeships and knight–squire relationships, as developed in the feudal states of medieval Europe. Fosterage establishes artificial kinship, strengthens kins…
Random Coincidences Or
This paper examines whether there really are fundamental differences between a Celtic model of social organisation and the observations made by J.D. Hill about PRIA social organisation in southern England. Hill's alternative model, which in his opinion seems to be fundamentally at odds with what can be learned from Celtic sources, is characterised by the importance of three main factors. These are the essentially ideological, east-facing orientat…
On the Highway to Hell
At first glance, Austrian laws for the protection of archaeological heritage appear to be almost perfect: licenses for archaeological fieldwork, including metal detector surveys, can only be awarded to archaeology graduates. Yet, this had unintended consequences: the number of finds reported by members of the public has declined dramatically. Also, conditions issued by the Bundesdenkmalamt on excavation licenses only affect archaeologists, who ha…
Between the Guerrillas and the State
First published in Spanish in 2001, María Clemencia Ramírez’s revised and updated book evocatively traces the trajectory of one of twentieth-century Colombia’s largest but most overlooked social movements: the efforts of southern Colombian peasant coca cultivators (cocaleros) to gain recognition from a central state that had long dismissed their region as a site of transiency and disorder. In other words, the book is a “study of marginalization” …
Picture This! Community-Led Production of Alternative Views of the Heritage of Gwynedd
The digital camera has become ubiquitous. Every mobile phone has one built in, almost everyone has a mobile phone, and people use them constantly for all kinds of things, including taking pictures. In a new collaborative project, funded by the Arts and Humanities Research Council (AHRC), Bangor, Aberystwyth and Manchester Metropolitan Universities have teamed up with Gwynedd Archaeological Trust to develop tools to allow communities to picture th…
Holy Cow! Hawks, Wolves, Sheep and the Archaeological Animal Farm
Since, in her article ‘Securing Cultural Heritage Objects and Fencing Stolen Goods? A Case Study on Museums and Metal Detecting in Norway’, Rasmussen addresses numerous important points, I selectiv
Small Works, Big Stories. Methodological approaches to photogrammetry through crowd-sourcing experiences
A recent digital public archaeology project (HeritageTogether) sought to build a series of 3D ditigal models using photogrammetry from crowd-sourced images. The project saw over 13000 digital images being donated, and resulted in models of some 78 sites, providing resources for researchers, and condition surveys. The project demonstrated that digital public archaeology does not stop at the 'trowel's edge', and that collaborative post-excavation a…
Crowd-sourcing archaeological research
Archaeologists are increasingly working with crowd-sourced digital data. Using evidence from other disciplines about the nature of crowd-sourcing in academic research, we suggest that archaeological projects using donated data can usefully be differentiated between generative projects (which rely on data collected by citizen scientists), and analytical projects (which make use of volunteers to classify, or otherwise analyse data that are provided…
More tales from heritage hell
The Austrian Denkmalschutzgesetz (heritage protection law) aims to give total protection to all archaeological heritage. To achieve this, it takes a ‘finds-centred’ approach: chance finds are protected by some provisions in the law, searching for archaeology is restricted severely, and exclusively to archaeology graduates, by others. Yet, what has been completely forgotten is that most archaeology, and particularly the most threatened archaeology…
Conserving and Managing Ancient Monuments. Heritage, Democracy, and Inclusion, by Keith Emerick
"Conserving and Managing Ancient Monuments. Heritage, Democracy, and Inclusion, by Keith Emerick." Archaeological Journal, 173(2), pp. 406–407
Archaeological Responses to 5 Decades of Metal Detecting in Austria
Since metal detecting started in Austria in 1970, the National Heritage Agency (BDA) has focussed too much on prohibiting metal detecting. The strategy chosen, increasingly restrictive legislation, has turned out to be a failure. Rather than improving the protection of archaeological heritage from ‚unauthorised‘ metal detecting, the ‚hobby‘ has grown steadily. Yet, the changes to the law have made protecting archaeology more difficult and are res…
The Freedom of Archaeological Research
Archaeologists like to think that heritage protection laws serve the purpose to protect all archaeology from damage. Thus, provisions like that of § 11 (1) Austrian Denkmalschutzgesetz or Art. 3 i-ii of the Valetta convention are interpreted as a blanket ban on archaeological fieldwork 'unauthorised' by national heritage agencies, and a general prohibition against archaeological field research by non-professionals. The Austrian National Heritage …
Archaeology and Celtic Myth
Archaeology and Celtic Myth: An Exploration, by John Waddell." Archaeological Journal, 173(2), pp. 393–394
Rezension über Manuel Fernández-Götz, Identity and Power
Estella Weiss-Krejci, Barbara Horejs Editorial â 7 Artikel / Articles Brigitta Mader Zwischen Stillstand und Aufschwung. Die Prähistorische Kommission der à sterreichischen Akademie der Wissenschaften von 1918 bis 1938 â 11 Wolfgang F. A. Lobisser, Daniela Kern Lanze, Pfriem und Muschelschmuck. Experimentelle Nachbauten von Objekten aus tierischen Rohstoffen nach Originalen aus endneolithischen Gräbern des Unteren Traisentals â 45 Eleftheria Kard…
What is ‘European Archaeology’? What Should it be
European archaeology’ is an ambiguous and contested rubric. Rooted in the political histories of European archaeology, it potentially unites an academic field and provides a basis for international collaboration and inclusion, but also creates essentialized identities and exclusionary discourses. This discussion article presents a range of views on what European archaeology is, where it comes from, and what it could be
Politics and Power
Reconstruction of Iron Age social and political structures relies initially on written sources, but classical texts are both biased in how they describe institutions, especially among other peoples, and patchy in time and space. From the mid-first millennium BC, we get details on how polities such as Athens, Sparta, and Rome functioned, but these are not representative of other Greek and Italian peoples, let alone non-Mediterranean societies. The…
Judgement Day in Heritage Hell
Two recent higher court findings from Austria show how the Austrian National Heritage Agency [BDA] has misinterpreted and misapplied the provisions of § 11 (1) Austrian Monument Protection Law. While the BDA has maintained for decades that consent is required under § 11 (1) for any fieldwork, even surface surveys, regardless of whether archaeology is known, legal challenge has established that neither is the case. Rather, it appears that consent …
Authority and Subject (in the Archaeological Discourse in Austria and Germany)
The primary task of archaeological heritage management is to represent the public interest in archaeology. How this is constituted and determined has changed significantly over the past 200 years. As this paper demonstrates, a modern, egalitarian, democratic approach has yet to be established within Austrian and German archaeological heritage management: the relationship between heritage management bureaucracy and the civic subject is anachronist…
The Celts in Antiquity
One historical actor in Antiquity are the populations of Western-Central Europe, commonly called 'Celts' by classical authors. Themselves (mostly) illiterate until approximately the 1st century BC/AD, reports about them, written by foreigners like Polybius, Caesar, Diodorus and others have survived. The study of 'Celtic' societies thus can hardly rely on classical historiography, but is mainly based on archaeology. Historical sources and archaeol…
Evaluating Participatory Practice In archaeology
In this paper we present a proposal for the creation of a standardized evaluation model for participatory/public/community archaeology and heritage initiatives. The proposal is the result of discussions during a Spring School that the University of Padua and the MAG Museum of Alto Garda, Italy, organized between 9 and 15 April 2018. The Spring School brought together international practitioners to compare experiences and share visions for the sus…
The Frontier Effect
This compact volume is an indispensable study of state imaginaries and the political economy of development in Colombia's contemporary internal conflict. In contributing to a growing literature that contests metanarratives of the Colombian state's absence or failure, Teo Ballvé also accounts for the power and persistence of right-wing paramilitarism. Ballvé convincingly argues that the supposed absence of the state in northwestern Colombia's bana…
Archaeology (19 works) · History (19 works) · Political science (15 works) · Law (14 works) · Sociology (13 works) · History (12 works) · Archaeological Research and Protection (9 works) · Politics (8 works) · Cultural heritage (7 works) · Cultural Heritage Management and Preservation (7 works)