José Canales
Biographic Data
| ID | 707968 |
|---|---|
| NAME | José Canales |
| GIVEN NAMES | José |
| FAMILY NAME | Canales |
| SIGNATURE | CANALES J |
| AFFILIATIONS | Harvard University |
| ORCID | 0000-0002-3756-9802 |
| VERIFIED | Yes |
| TOTAL WORKS | 11 |
| TOTAL CITATIONS | 27 |
| AUTHOR COUNT | 11 |
| EDITOR COUNT | 0 |
| FIRST PUBLICATION YEAR | 1963 |
| LATEST PUBLICATION YEAR | 2015 |
| H-INDEX | 3 |
The Physicist and the Philosopher: Einstein, Bergson, and the Debate That Changed Our Understanding of Time
On April 6, 1922, in Paris, Albert Einstein and Henri Bergson publicly debated the nature of time. Einstein considered Bergson’s theory of time to be a soft, psychological notion, irreconcilable with the quantitative realities of physics. Bergson, who gained fame as a philosopher by arguing that time should not be understood exclusively through the lens of science, criticized Einstein’s theory of time for being a metaphysics grafted on to science…
The Media of Relativity: Einstein and Telecommunications Technologies
How are fundamental constants, such as "c" for the speed of light, related to the technological environments that produce them? Relativistic cosmology, developed first by Albert Einstein, depended on military and commercial innovations in telecommunications. Prominent physicists (Hans Reichenbach, Max Born, Paul Langevin, Louis de Broglie, and Léon Brillouin, among others) worked in radio units during WWI and incorporated battlefield lessons into…
Dead and Alive: Micro-Cinematography between Physics and Biology
Cinematography alone," argued biologist Alexis Carrel in the 1930s, "is capable of recording" essential qualities of life. Why did film become a privileged means for recording life? Carrel's microcinematographic studies, essential to the development of twentiethcentury cell biology, represented the culmination of decades of research into the movement of fluids, Brownian particles, and microscopic organisms. Researchers (Henri Bénard, Victor Henri…
Little Helpers. About Demons, Angels and Other Servants
In politics as in history, masters accomplish great things, but often, lowly beings such as servants perform those tasks. At times, they subvert them. In science, servant-beings are frequently described as demons and angels. Who are these effective agents? This essay traces parts of the large historical network of persons and places in which ‘little helpers’ service their master’s will. It looks at instances were masters try to exorcise the serva…
Desired Machines: Cinema and the World in Its Own Image
ArgumentIn 1895 when the Lumière brothers unveiled their cinematographic camera, many scientists were elated. Scientists hoped that the machine would fulfill a desire that had driven research for nearly half a century: that of capturing the world in its own image. But their elation was surprisingly short-lived, and many researchers quickly distanced themselves from the new medium. The cinematographic camera was soon split into two machines, one f…
Movement before Cinematography: The High-Speed Qualities of Sentiment
Cinematography, and the philosophical critiques it inspired, has come to represent modernity. The 19th century ended with reduced photographic time exposures. The 20th century began by marking itself on a new cinematographic strip. Yet by examining more carefully these narratives of modernity, it becomes clear that much falls between cinematographic frames, into its framelines. In particular, noncinematographic philosophies of time and movement a…
Einstein, Bergson, and the Experiment that Failed: Intellectual Cooperation at the League of Nations
Do not think for a moment that I consider my own fellow countrymen superior and that I misunderstand the others—that would scarcely be consistent with the Theory of Relativity . . .1 —Albert Einstein to Marie Curie,December 25, 1923 Introduction On April 6, 1922, Henri Bergson and Albert Einstein met at the Société française de philosophie in Paris to discuss the meaning of relativity. In the years that followed, the philosopher and the physicist…
Photogenic Venus: The “Cinematographic Turn” and Its Alternatives in Nineteenth-Century France
During the late nineteenth century, scientists around the world disagreed as to the types of instruments and methods that should be used for determining the most important constant of celestial mechanics: the solar parallax. Venus's 1874 transit across the sun was seen as the best opportunity for ending decades of debate. However, a mysterious "black drop" that appeared between Venus and the sun and individual differences in observations of the p…
Exit the frog, enter the human: Physiology and experimental psychology in nineteenth-century astronomy
This paper deals with one of the first attempts to measure simple reactions in humans. The Swiss astronomer Adolph Hirsch investigated personal differences in the speed of sensory transmission in order to achieve accuracy in astronomy. His controversial results, however, started an intense debate among both physiologists and astronomers who disagreed on the nature of these differences. Were they due to different eyes or brains, or to differences …
The Single Eye: Re-Evaluating Ancien Régime Science
L'histoire de la science sous l'Ancien Regime, notamment en astronomie a l'Observatoire de Paris, et la gestion politique des scientifiques dans ce site important temoin de l'interaction entre la science et l'Etat
Los Charrúas. Síntesis etnográfica y arqueológica del Uruguay
Photogenic Venus: The “Cinematographic Turn” and Its Alternatives in Nineteenth-Century France
During the late nineteenth century, scientists around the world disagreed as to the types of instruments and methods that should be used for determining the most important constant of celestial mechanics: the solar parallax. Venus's 1874 transit across the sun was seen as the best opportunity for ending decades of debate. However, a mysterious "black drop" that appeared between Venus and the sun and individual differences in observations of the p…
Exit the frog, enter the human: Physiology and experimental psychology in nineteenth-century astronomy
This paper deals with one of the first attempts to measure simple reactions in humans. The Swiss astronomer Adolph Hirsch investigated personal differences in the speed of sensory transmission in order to achieve accuracy in astronomy. His controversial results, however, started an intense debate among both physiologists and astronomers who disagreed on the nature of these differences. Were they due to different eyes or brains, or to differences …
Desired Machines: Cinema and the World in Its Own Image
ArgumentIn 1895 when the Lumière brothers unveiled their cinematographic camera, many scientists were elated. Scientists hoped that the machine would fulfill a desire that had driven research for nearly half a century: that of capturing the world in its own image. But their elation was surprisingly short-lived, and many researchers quickly distanced themselves from the new medium. The cinematographic camera was soon split into two machines, one f…
Dead and Alive: Micro-Cinematography between Physics and Biology
Cinematography alone," argued biologist Alexis Carrel in the 1930s, "is capable of recording" essential qualities of life. Why did film become a privileged means for recording life? Carrel's microcinematographic studies, essential to the development of twentiethcentury cell biology, represented the culmination of decades of research into the movement of fluids, Brownian particles, and microscopic organisms. Researchers (Henri Bénard, Victor Henri…
Little Helpers. About Demons, Angels and Other Servants
In politics as in history, masters accomplish great things, but often, lowly beings such as servants perform those tasks. At times, they subvert them. In science, servant-beings are frequently described as demons and angels. Who are these effective agents? This essay traces parts of the large historical network of persons and places in which ‘little helpers’ service their master’s will. It looks at instances were masters try to exorcise the serva…
Einstein, Bergson, and the Experiment that Failed: Intellectual Cooperation at the League of Nations
Do not think for a moment that I consider my own fellow countrymen superior and that I misunderstand the others—that would scarcely be consistent with the Theory of Relativity . . .1 —Albert Einstein to Marie Curie,December 25, 1923 Introduction On April 6, 1922, Henri Bergson and Albert Einstein met at the Société française de philosophie in Paris to discuss the meaning of relativity. In the years that followed, the philosopher and the physicist…
The Single Eye: Re-Evaluating Ancien Régime Science
L'histoire de la science sous l'Ancien Regime, notamment en astronomie a l'Observatoire de Paris, et la gestion politique des scientifiques dans ce site important temoin de l'interaction entre la science et l'Etat
Los Charrúas. Síntesis etnográfica y arqueológica del Uruguay
Exit the frog, enter the human: Physiology and experimental psychology in nineteenth-century astronomy
This paper deals with one of the first attempts to measure simple reactions in humans. The Swiss astronomer Adolph Hirsch investigated personal differences in the speed of sensory transmission in order to achieve accuracy in astronomy. His controversial results, however, started an intense debate among both physiologists and astronomers who disagreed on the nature of these differences. Were they due to different eyes or brains, or to differences …
The Single Eye: Re-Evaluating Ancien Régime Science
L'histoire de la science sous l'Ancien Regime, notamment en astronomie a l'Observatoire de Paris, et la gestion politique des scientifiques dans ce site important temoin de l'interaction entre la science et l'Etat
Photogenic Venus: The “Cinematographic Turn” and Its Alternatives in Nineteenth-Century France
During the late nineteenth century, scientists around the world disagreed as to the types of instruments and methods that should be used for determining the most important constant of celestial mechanics: the solar parallax. Venus's 1874 transit across the sun was seen as the best opportunity for ending decades of debate. However, a mysterious "black drop" that appeared between Venus and the sun and individual differences in observations of the p…
Einstein, Bergson, and the Experiment that Failed: Intellectual Cooperation at the League of Nations
Do not think for a moment that I consider my own fellow countrymen superior and that I misunderstand the others—that would scarcely be consistent with the Theory of Relativity . . .1 —Albert Einstein to Marie Curie,December 25, 1923 Introduction On April 6, 1922, Henri Bergson and Albert Einstein met at the Société française de philosophie in Paris to discuss the meaning of relativity. In the years that followed, the philosopher and the physicist…
Movement before Cinematography: The High-Speed Qualities of Sentiment
Cinematography, and the philosophical critiques it inspired, has come to represent modernity. The 19th century ended with reduced photographic time exposures. The 20th century began by marking itself on a new cinematographic strip. Yet by examining more carefully these narratives of modernity, it becomes clear that much falls between cinematographic frames, into its framelines. In particular, noncinematographic philosophies of time and movement a…
Desired Machines: Cinema and the World in Its Own Image
ArgumentIn 1895 when the Lumière brothers unveiled their cinematographic camera, many scientists were elated. Scientists hoped that the machine would fulfill a desire that had driven research for nearly half a century: that of capturing the world in its own image. But their elation was surprisingly short-lived, and many researchers quickly distanced themselves from the new medium. The cinematographic camera was soon split into two machines, one f…
Little Helpers. About Demons, Angels and Other Servants
In politics as in history, masters accomplish great things, but often, lowly beings such as servants perform those tasks. At times, they subvert them. In science, servant-beings are frequently described as demons and angels. Who are these effective agents? This essay traces parts of the large historical network of persons and places in which ‘little helpers’ service their master’s will. It looks at instances were masters try to exorcise the serva…
The Physicist and the Philosopher: Einstein, Bergson, and the Debate That Changed Our Understanding of Time
On April 6, 1922, in Paris, Albert Einstein and Henri Bergson publicly debated the nature of time. Einstein considered Bergson’s theory of time to be a soft, psychological notion, irreconcilable with the quantitative realities of physics. Bergson, who gained fame as a philosopher by arguing that time should not be understood exclusively through the lens of science, criticized Einstein’s theory of time for being a metaphysics grafted on to science…
The Media of Relativity: Einstein and Telecommunications Technologies
How are fundamental constants, such as "c" for the speed of light, related to the technological environments that produce them? Relativistic cosmology, developed first by Albert Einstein, depended on military and commercial innovations in telecommunications. Prominent physicists (Hans Reichenbach, Max Born, Paul Langevin, Louis de Broglie, and Léon Brillouin, among others) worked in radio units during WWI and incorporated battlefield lessons into…
Dead and Alive: Micro-Cinematography between Physics and Biology
Cinematography alone," argued biologist Alexis Carrel in the 1930s, "is capable of recording" essential qualities of life. Why did film become a privileged means for recording life? Carrel's microcinematographic studies, essential to the development of twentiethcentury cell biology, represented the culmination of decades of research into the movement of fluids, Brownian particles, and microscopic organisms. Researchers (Henri Bénard, Victor Henri…
Art (5 works) · Art history (5 works) · Epistemology (5 works) · Philosophy (5 works) · Physics (4 works) · Einstein (3 works) · History (3 works) · History and Developments in Astronomy (3 works) · History of Science and Medicine (3 works) · History of Science and Natural History (3 works)