Wesley A Kayson
Biographic Data
| ID | 7114731 |
|---|---|
| NAME | Wesley A Kayson |
| GIVEN NAMES | Wesley A |
| FAMILY NAME | Kayson |
| SIGNATURE | KAYSON W A |
| AFFILIATIONS | Iona College |
| VERIFIED | No |
| TOTAL WORKS | 21 |
| TOTAL CITATIONS | 0 |
| WORKS AS AUTHOR | 21 |
| WORKS AS EDITOR | 0 |
| FIRST PUBLICATION YEAR | 1979 |
| LATEST PUBLICATION YEAR | 1998 |
| H-INDEX | 0 |
How Individuals' Responses and Attractiveness Influence Aggression
The influence of one's physical appearance is enormous, especially during social interactions with others. The effect of sex on aggressiveness during social encounters with confederates of different sexes and attractiveness was investigated. Undergraduate college participants, 40 men and 40 women, had water spilled on them as an aggression-provoking situation. All participants were rated for aggression by the two experimenters and by themselves. …
Defendants' Characteristics of Attractiveness, Race, and Sex and Sentencing Decisions
This experiment examined several factors thought to be influential in jurors' decisions. Specifically, the attractiveness, race, and sex of the defendant were manipulated. It was hypothesized that for the same crime attractive defendants would be given lesser sentences than unattractive defendants, African-American defendants would be given more harsh sentences than Euro-American defendants, and female defendants would receive significantly lesse…
Effects of Sex of Caller, Implied Sexual Orientation of Caller, and Urgency on Altruistic Response Using the Wrong Number Technique
This study using the wrong number technique focussed on the effects of sex of caller, sexual orientation of caller, and urgency on the altruistic response of making a call. In a 2 (sex)×2 (heterosexual or homosexual)×2 (“last quarter” or “no more change”) factorial design the dependent variable was the number of seconds taken for a return telephone call. A woman or man asking for a boyfriend or girlfriend were helped faster than homosexual ones. …
Effects of Type and Relevance of Primes and Delay between Priming and Ratings on Attractiveness
This study was an attempt to generalize a previous finding on prime effects on perceived attractiveness. After the 80 college men were shown a list of 10 primes and then asked to read a passage about a fictitious female named Victoria, they rated her attractiveness on 5 scales. Primes were either positive or negative. Half of the primes were relevant to attractiveness and half were not. Some subjects rated Victoria right after being primed while …
Factors Related to Loneliness
To examine the relations of sex, age, and alcohol with loneliness, 294 subjects completed the revised UCLA Loneliness Scale, a 20-item rating scale which measures satisfaction and dissatisfaction with current social relationships. A 2 x 2 x 2 factorial analysis of variance of the loneliness scores indicated a significant main effect for age, with older subjects rating loneliness higher than younger subjects. There was also a significant interacti…
Factors in College Students' Drinking
Associations of age, membership in a sorority or fraternity, and whether a family member had an alcohol-related problem with the number of alcohol-related problem behaviors were examined by asking 160 people on campuses and one Board of Education in the northeastern United States to complete anonymously a 17-item questionnaire reporting the number of drinking-related problem behaviors. A 2 x 2 x 3 factorial analysis of variance with unequal ns yi…
Effects of Sex, Religion, and Amount of Alcohol Consumption on Self-Reported Drinking-Related Problem Behaviors
The effect of sex, religion, and amount of alcohol consumed on the number of self-reported alcohol-related problem behaviors was examined for 331 students who were approached on three Eastern United States campuses and asked to complete anonymously a questionnaire reporting the number of drinking-related problem behaviors. It was hypothesized that Catholics, men, and people who drank more would report more problem behaviors. A 2 x 3 x 4 factorial…
Relations of Story Wording and Sex to a Recommended Prison Sentence
The purpose of this experiment was to see whether the wording of a story, the sex of the subject, and sex of the person committing a murder would affect the recommended prison sentence. A questionnaire contained a story about a youth committing a murder. The same story was told in three different ways changing the name of the youth in each; one showed the student in a favorable light, one in a negative light, and one in a neutral manner. The sex …
Alcohol Consumption and Self-Reported Drinking-Related Problem Behaviors as Related to Sex, Work Environment, and Level of Education
This study examined the relation of sex, work environment, and level of education to self-reported alcohol-related problem behaviors and estimates of weekly consumption. 216 employees of various establishments located in the eastern United States participated in the study, which involved answering a 17-item questionnaire. It was hypothesized that men would report more problems and greater consumption than women, college educated individuals more …
Effects of Sex, Race and Year in College on Self-Reported Drinking-Related Problem Behaviors
This research was conducted to study the effects of sex, race, and year in college on self-reported drinking-related problem behaviors. It was hypothesized that men would report more problem behaviors than women, white students would report more than Hispanic or black students, and an interaction of sex and race would be observed. The study was conducted at a middle-sized eastern college, where 181 students anonymously filled out a 17-item questi…
Fear of Success
133 students' scores on fear of success were analyzed for influence of sex, year in college, and college program using Zuckerman and Allison's (1970) 7-point fear of success scale. As hypothesized, women scored higher on fear of success than men. However, contrary to expectations, freshmen scored higher on fear of success than seniors. No effects for college program were found. This research further explicates the decrease in scores on fear of su…
Effects of Sex, Year in School, and Type of Cartoon on Ratings of Humor and Likability
This experiment studied how sex, year in school, and type of cartoon affects humor and likability ratings of two types of cartoons. 40 men and 40 women (20 college freshman, 20 sophomores, 20 juniors, and 20 seniors) rated 3 Far Side and 3 Family Circus cartoons for how humorous and likable the cartoons were. Two 4 × 2 × 2 mixed analyses of variance were performed, one on humor ratings and one on likability ratings. Far Side Cartoons were more hu…
When Will Annoying Phone Calls Be Listened to
This experiment studied the effects of sex, tone of voice, and time of day on the length of time to which an annoying phone call was listened. A man and a woman made 90 phone calls each in an angry or an apologetic tone of voice during the morning, afternoon, or night hours. It was predicted that the female caller making calls, in the afternoon with an apologetic tone of voice, would be listened to the longest. The predictions about sex and tone …
Factors Affecting Altruism
The purpose of this experiment was to study the effects of sex, urgency, and time of day on altruism among 160 subjects who were telephoned by a male or a female either early or late at night and told that the caller had reached a wrong number. The caller went on to explain that he was stuck on a parkway and had either no more money or no more change and asked the person reached to call another number for assistance. Women and people who had no m…
Effects of Living Status, Gender, and Year in College on College Students' Self-Esteem and Life-Change Experiences
The effects of living status, gender, and years of college were examined in a study measuring self-esteem and life-change experiences. 160 naive college students were placed into 16 groups of 10 based on their living status, gender, and year in school. It was proposed that boarders would have higher self-esteem and a larger number of life change events, that women would have lower self-esteem than men, and that the freshmen would have lower self-…
When Will People Help? The Effects of Gender, Urgency, and Location on Altruism
It is important to determine when helpful behavior is likely to occur. The present experiment studied the effects of gender, urgency, and location on altruistic behavior. 64 phone calls were made by a woman who said her car had broken down and asked the person reached to call a number located either within or outside the person's calling district. Half of the callers said that this was her last dime (high urgency) and half that she had no more ch…
Factors Affecting Reported Level of Love in College Students
Love was studied in a college community by administering a 50-item true-false questionnaire to 128 college students. The 4 (year in college) × 2 (gender) × 2 (place of residence) factorial analysis of variance showed that year in college significantly affected the level of intimacy expressed. Upper classmen expressed higher intimacy than lower classmen. The results are consistent with Erikson's psychological theory of development which states tha…
Effects of Location, Appearance, and Monetary Value on Altruistic Behavior
Several studies have suggested that more altruism is found in smaller American communities, when the value of the money is increased and when the victim is neatly dressed. A female confederate, dressed either neatly or casually, dropped either a quarter or a dollar while approaching an unsuspecting subject ( N = 40 men and 40 women, 18 to 65 yr. of age), a student on campus or person on a street. Time for the subject to pick up the money and retu…
Effect of Sex of Subject on Recall of Gender-Stereotyped Magazine Advertisements
The effect of gender on recall of details in stereotypically male-or female-related magazine advertisements was tested. 20 male and 20 female subjects were shown 4 advertisements (2 stereotypically female-related ads and 2 stereotypically male-related ads), one at a time, for 5 sec. each. Each subject was then asked to recall details from each advertisement. Gender differences in verbal ability were determined by administering the Wide Range Voca…
Effects of Experienced Success or Failure on Self-Esteem and Problem-Solving Ability
The effects of experienced success or failure on self-esteem and problem-solving ability were studied. 54 female subjects aged 18 to 22 yr. were tested. Two manipulative tasks were performed on pairs in which both either experienced success, failure, or in mixed pairs where one experienced success and the other failure. After the manipulation of success or failure each subject was asked to complete an amended version of the Coopersmith Self-estee…
Effects of Task Instructions and Passage Difficulty on Semantic and Non-Semantic Processing of Linguistic Ideas
An active role in learning was assumed by the 80 volunteers in this experiment. Three independent variables were manipulated, knowledge of a recognition test, voicing an opinion about the passage, and the difficulty of passage. Three factorial analyses of variance showed significant main effects for knowledge of a recognition test and difficulty of passage on the nonsemantic section of the recognition task; significant three-way interactions of k…
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Effects of Task Instructions and Passage Difficulty on Semantic and Non-Semantic Processing of Linguistic Ideas
An active role in learning was assumed by the 80 volunteers in this experiment. Three independent variables were manipulated, knowledge of a recognition test, voicing an opinion about the passage, and the difficulty of passage. Three factorial analyses of variance showed significant main effects for knowledge of a recognition test and difficulty of passage on the nonsemantic section of the recognition task; significant three-way interactions of k…
Effect of Sex of Subject on Recall of Gender-Stereotyped Magazine Advertisements
The effect of gender on recall of details in stereotypically male-or female-related magazine advertisements was tested. 20 male and 20 female subjects were shown 4 advertisements (2 stereotypically female-related ads and 2 stereotypically male-related ads), one at a time, for 5 sec. each. Each subject was then asked to recall details from each advertisement. Gender differences in verbal ability were determined by administering the Wide Range Voca…
Effects of Experienced Success or Failure on Self-Esteem and Problem-Solving Ability
The effects of experienced success or failure on self-esteem and problem-solving ability were studied. 54 female subjects aged 18 to 22 yr. were tested. Two manipulative tasks were performed on pairs in which both either experienced success, failure, or in mixed pairs where one experienced success and the other failure. After the manipulation of success or failure each subject was asked to complete an amended version of the Coopersmith Self-estee…
Effects of Location, Appearance, and Monetary Value on Altruistic Behavior
Several studies have suggested that more altruism is found in smaller American communities, when the value of the money is increased and when the victim is neatly dressed. A female confederate, dressed either neatly or casually, dropped either a quarter or a dollar while approaching an unsuspecting subject ( N = 40 men and 40 women, 18 to 65 yr. of age), a student on campus or person on a street. Time for the subject to pick up the money and retu…
Factors Affecting Reported Level of Love in College Students
Love was studied in a college community by administering a 50-item true-false questionnaire to 128 college students. The 4 (year in college) × 2 (gender) × 2 (place of residence) factorial analysis of variance showed that year in college significantly affected the level of intimacy expressed. Upper classmen expressed higher intimacy than lower classmen. The results are consistent with Erikson's psychological theory of development which states tha…
Effects of Living Status, Gender, and Year in College on College Students' Self-Esteem and Life-Change Experiences
The effects of living status, gender, and years of college were examined in a study measuring self-esteem and life-change experiences. 160 naive college students were placed into 16 groups of 10 based on their living status, gender, and year in school. It was proposed that boarders would have higher self-esteem and a larger number of life change events, that women would have lower self-esteem than men, and that the freshmen would have lower self-…
When Will People Help? The Effects of Gender, Urgency, and Location on Altruism
It is important to determine when helpful behavior is likely to occur. The present experiment studied the effects of gender, urgency, and location on altruistic behavior. 64 phone calls were made by a woman who said her car had broken down and asked the person reached to call a number located either within or outside the person's calling district. Half of the callers said that this was her last dime (high urgency) and half that she had no more ch…
Factors Affecting Altruism
The purpose of this experiment was to study the effects of sex, urgency, and time of day on altruism among 160 subjects who were telephoned by a male or a female either early or late at night and told that the caller had reached a wrong number. The caller went on to explain that he was stuck on a parkway and had either no more money or no more change and asked the person reached to call another number for assistance. Women and people who had no m…
Effects of Sex, Year in School, and Type of Cartoon on Ratings of Humor and Likability
This experiment studied how sex, year in school, and type of cartoon affects humor and likability ratings of two types of cartoons. 40 men and 40 women (20 college freshman, 20 sophomores, 20 juniors, and 20 seniors) rated 3 Far Side and 3 Family Circus cartoons for how humorous and likable the cartoons were. Two 4 × 2 × 2 mixed analyses of variance were performed, one on humor ratings and one on likability ratings. Far Side Cartoons were more hu…
When Will Annoying Phone Calls Be Listened to
This experiment studied the effects of sex, tone of voice, and time of day on the length of time to which an annoying phone call was listened. A man and a woman made 90 phone calls each in an angry or an apologetic tone of voice during the morning, afternoon, or night hours. It was predicted that the female caller making calls, in the afternoon with an apologetic tone of voice, would be listened to the longest. The predictions about sex and tone …
Fear of Success
133 students' scores on fear of success were analyzed for influence of sex, year in college, and college program using Zuckerman and Allison's (1970) 7-point fear of success scale. As hypothesized, women scored higher on fear of success than men. However, contrary to expectations, freshmen scored higher on fear of success than seniors. No effects for college program were found. This research further explicates the decrease in scores on fear of su…
Alcohol Consumption and Self-Reported Drinking-Related Problem Behaviors as Related to Sex, Work Environment, and Level of Education
This study examined the relation of sex, work environment, and level of education to self-reported alcohol-related problem behaviors and estimates of weekly consumption. 216 employees of various establishments located in the eastern United States participated in the study, which involved answering a 17-item questionnaire. It was hypothesized that men would report more problems and greater consumption than women, college educated individuals more …
Effects of Sex, Race and Year in College on Self-Reported Drinking-Related Problem Behaviors
This research was conducted to study the effects of sex, race, and year in college on self-reported drinking-related problem behaviors. It was hypothesized that men would report more problem behaviors than women, white students would report more than Hispanic or black students, and an interaction of sex and race would be observed. The study was conducted at a middle-sized eastern college, where 181 students anonymously filled out a 17-item questi…
Relations of Story Wording and Sex to a Recommended Prison Sentence
The purpose of this experiment was to see whether the wording of a story, the sex of the subject, and sex of the person committing a murder would affect the recommended prison sentence. A questionnaire contained a story about a youth committing a murder. The same story was told in three different ways changing the name of the youth in each; one showed the student in a favorable light, one in a negative light, and one in a neutral manner. The sex …
Effects of Sex, Religion, and Amount of Alcohol Consumption on Self-Reported Drinking-Related Problem Behaviors
The effect of sex, religion, and amount of alcohol consumed on the number of self-reported alcohol-related problem behaviors was examined for 331 students who were approached on three Eastern United States campuses and asked to complete anonymously a questionnaire reporting the number of drinking-related problem behaviors. It was hypothesized that Catholics, men, and people who drank more would report more problem behaviors. A 2 x 3 x 4 factorial…
Factors in College Students' Drinking
Associations of age, membership in a sorority or fraternity, and whether a family member had an alcohol-related problem with the number of alcohol-related problem behaviors were examined by asking 160 people on campuses and one Board of Education in the northeastern United States to complete anonymously a 17-item questionnaire reporting the number of drinking-related problem behaviors. A 2 x 2 x 3 factorial analysis of variance with unequal ns yi…
Factors Related to Loneliness
To examine the relations of sex, age, and alcohol with loneliness, 294 subjects completed the revised UCLA Loneliness Scale, a 20-item rating scale which measures satisfaction and dissatisfaction with current social relationships. A 2 x 2 x 2 factorial analysis of variance of the loneliness scores indicated a significant main effect for age, with older subjects rating loneliness higher than younger subjects. There was also a significant interacti…
Effects of Type and Relevance of Primes and Delay between Priming and Ratings on Attractiveness
This study was an attempt to generalize a previous finding on prime effects on perceived attractiveness. After the 80 college men were shown a list of 10 primes and then asked to read a passage about a fictitious female named Victoria, they rated her attractiveness on 5 scales. Primes were either positive or negative. Half of the primes were relevant to attractiveness and half were not. Some subjects rated Victoria right after being primed while …
Defendants' Characteristics of Attractiveness, Race, and Sex and Sentencing Decisions
This experiment examined several factors thought to be influential in jurors' decisions. Specifically, the attractiveness, race, and sex of the defendant were manipulated. It was hypothesized that for the same crime attractive defendants would be given lesser sentences than unattractive defendants, African-American defendants would be given more harsh sentences than Euro-American defendants, and female defendants would receive significantly lesse…
Effects of Sex of Caller, Implied Sexual Orientation of Caller, and Urgency on Altruistic Response Using the Wrong Number Technique
This study using the wrong number technique focussed on the effects of sex of caller, sexual orientation of caller, and urgency on the altruistic response of making a call. In a 2 (sex)×2 (heterosexual or homosexual)×2 (“last quarter” or “no more change”) factorial design the dependent variable was the number of seconds taken for a return telephone call. A woman or man asking for a boyfriend or girlfriend were helped faster than homosexual ones. …
How Individuals' Responses and Attractiveness Influence Aggression
The influence of one's physical appearance is enormous, especially during social interactions with others. The effect of sex on aggressiveness during social encounters with confederates of different sexes and attractiveness was investigated. Undergraduate college participants, 40 men and 40 women, had water spilled on them as an aggression-provoking situation. All participants were rated for aggression by the two experimenters and by themselves. …
Psychology (21 works) · Social Psychology (19 works) · Social Psychology (19 works) · Developmental psychology (11 works) · Clinical Psychology (7 works) · Clinical Psychology (7 works) · Psychology of Social Influence (5 works) · Linguistics (4 works) · Mathematics (4 works) · Medicine (4 works)