James B Appel
Biographic Data
| ID | 7122099 |
|---|---|
| NAME | James B Appel |
| GIVEN NAMES | James B |
| FAMILY NAME | Appel |
| SIGNATURE | APPEL J B |
| AFFILIATIONS | Indiana University |
| VERIFIED | No |
| TOTAL WORKS | 7 |
| TOTAL CITATIONS | 0 |
| WORKS AS AUTHOR | 7 |
| WORKS AS EDITOR | 0 |
| FIRST PUBLICATION YEAR | 1958 |
| LATEST PUBLICATION YEAR | 1976 |
| H-INDEX | 0 |
Signal Detection Theory and the Psychophysics of Pain
A brief explanation of signal detection theory is presented, followed by a review of the literature in which differences in pain report were analyzed to determine if changes were in sensitivity (physiological processes) or in response bias (a subject's willingness to report that a signal occurred). Three kinds of studies are reviewed: modification, procedural, and comparative and normative. The advantages of using a signal detection approach in p…
Association of Aversive and Reinforcing Stimuli during Intermittent Punishment
12 hungry rats were trained to press a bar for milk on an FR 80 schedule. In one group of 6 Ss the 80th or reinforced response was also followed by shock in an increasing order of intensities. The remaining Ss were punished after the 40th response of the FR 80 sequence. It was found that the suppressing effects of intermittent punishment were attenuated by associating aversive and reinforcing stimuli
Facilitated Recovery from Punishment-Induced Suppression
14 rats were maintained at 80% of their free-feeding weights and trained to press a bar on a chained variable-interval 1/2 fixed-ratio 20 schedule of reinforcement. In Exp. I a discriminative stimulus paired with the ratio component of the chain was shown to control a high rate of responding. In Exp. II, it was demonstrated that this stimulus, when superimposed on a stimulus which had been associated with punishment and therefore controlled a low…
Punishment
Punishment ordinarily suppresses concurrently reinforced behavior. The amount of suppression is related to intensity of punishment by the exponential equation, R I = R n e −0.10I . This equation describes the behavior of both rats and pigeons under very different methods of shock administration. Its generality may, however, be limited by (1) order of shock presentation and (2) amount of exposure to punishment. Recovery characteristically occurs i…
Studies in Light-Reinforced Behaviour. Iv
Studies in Light-Reinforced Behaviour. IV
To test the hypothesis that familiarization with the apparatus prior to light-onset increases response frequency, the scores of Group NL on their first day of light reinforcement (their sixth day in the apparatus) were compared with the performance of Group L on Day 1. Group NL, with a mean frequency of 66.91 responded more than did Group L with a mean of 24 re
Studies in Light Reinforced Behavior
No prominent works on this page.
Studies in Light Reinforced Behavior
Studies in Light-Reinforced Behaviour. Iv
Studies in Light-Reinforced Behaviour. IV
To test the hypothesis that familiarization with the apparatus prior to light-onset increases response frequency, the scores of Group NL on their first day of light reinforcement (their sixth day in the apparatus) were compared with the performance of Group L on Day 1. Group NL, with a mean frequency of 66.91 responded more than did Group L with a mean of 24 re
Punishment
Punishment ordinarily suppresses concurrently reinforced behavior. The amount of suppression is related to intensity of punishment by the exponential equation, R I = R n e −0.10I . This equation describes the behavior of both rats and pigeons under very different methods of shock administration. Its generality may, however, be limited by (1) order of shock presentation and (2) amount of exposure to punishment. Recovery characteristically occurs i…
Association of Aversive and Reinforcing Stimuli during Intermittent Punishment
12 hungry rats were trained to press a bar for milk on an FR 80 schedule. In one group of 6 Ss the 80th or reinforced response was also followed by shock in an increasing order of intensities. The remaining Ss were punished after the 40th response of the FR 80 sequence. It was found that the suppressing effects of intermittent punishment were attenuated by associating aversive and reinforcing stimuli
Facilitated Recovery from Punishment-Induced Suppression
14 rats were maintained at 80% of their free-feeding weights and trained to press a bar on a chained variable-interval 1/2 fixed-ratio 20 schedule of reinforcement. In Exp. I a discriminative stimulus paired with the ratio component of the chain was shown to control a high rate of responding. In Exp. II, it was demonstrated that this stimulus, when superimposed on a stimulus which had been associated with punishment and therefore controlled a low…
Signal Detection Theory and the Psychophysics of Pain
A brief explanation of signal detection theory is presented, followed by a review of the literature in which differences in pain report were analyzed to determine if changes were in sensitivity (physiological processes) or in response bias (a subject's willingness to report that a signal occurred). Three kinds of studies are reviewed: modification, procedural, and comparative and normative. The advantages of using a signal detection approach in p…
Psychology (7 works) · Developmental psychology (5 works) · Cognitive psychology (4 works) · Behavioral and Psychological Studies (3 works) · Medicine (3 works) · Neuroscience (3 works) · Punishment (psychology (3 works) · Social Psychology (3 works) · Social Psychology (3 works) · Audiology (2 works)