Roger Hayter
Biographic Data
| ID | 728956 |
|---|---|
| NAME | Roger Hayter |
| GIVEN NAMES | Roger |
| FAMILY NAME | Hayter |
| SIGNATURE | HAYTER R |
| AFFILIATIONS | Simon Fraser University |
| ORCID | 0000-0002-2008-9167 |
| VERIFIED | Yes |
| TOTAL WORKS | 73 |
| TOTAL CITATIONS | 520 |
| AUTHOR COUNT | 73 |
| EDITOR COUNT | 0 |
| FIRST PUBLICATION YEAR | 1975 |
| LATEST PUBLICATION YEAR | 2021 |
| H-INDEX | 13 |
Greening the cloud
To power cloud data centres (DCs) with renewable energy (RE) Amazon, Apple, Facebook, Google and Microsoft negotiated innovative long-term contracts that opened up regional vertically integrated electricity utilities to allow new roles for large-scale suppliers and buyers of electricity. This transformation is explained using Williamson’s framework of institutional change linking the four interdependent institutional levels of embedded values, re…
Towards a collaborative (public-private partnership) approach to research and development in Canada’s forest sector
The local planning-economic development nexus in transitioning resource-industry towns
Resources and Development
The relationships between natural resources and development are profoundly important, but contingent and contradictory. This entry's objectives are to summarize the problematical implications of resource exploitation for economic diversification, and to discuss the implications of resource conflicts for development, particularly with respect to resource peripheries. The dilemmas of resource‐based development are first contextualized from the pers…
Institutional thickening and innovation
As a response to forest conflict, contemporary remapping refers to re‐evaluations of resource values, new and diverse forms of governance among stakeholders, and compromises within patterns of land use that give greater emphasis to environmental and cultural priorities. This paper elaborates the processes of remapping by examining the role of institutional innovation in conflict resolution, with particular reference to the iconic Great Bear Rainf…
Resource Geography
Recognizing (geographic) limits/alternatives to neoliberalism
This commentary supports Weller and O’Neil’s plea for rigorous assessments of neoliberal policies that incorporate definitions of and recognition of alternative models and limits to neoliberalism. Their definition of neoliberalism is elaborated to refer to public goods, while suggestions for more explicit treatments of both markets and governments as institutions are made. An institutional stakeholder model is noted as a framework for analyzing t…
Environmental and evolutionary economic geography
This article argues that recent proposals for environmental and evolutionary economic geographies (EEG 1 and EEG2) should be integrated; EEG2 is used as “passing convenience” to make this case. EEG1's emphasis on environmental imperatives is loosely framed and needs a theoretical socio‐economic evolutionary base that is the central thrust of EEG2. Meanwhile EEG2 would be empowered by incorporating environmental concerns within its mandate. Moreov…
The Wiley-Blackwell Companion to Economic Geography
Glocalization” and Regional Headquarters
For Japanese multinational corporations (MNCs), glocalization (dochakuka) refers to the challenge of balancing the need to adapt foreign subsidiaries to local circumstances and to integrate corporate operations as a whole. This article addresses the regional headquarters (RHQ) strategies of electronics MNCs in the Association of Southeast Asian Nations (ASEAN) region. From the perspective of corporate governance, RHQs are at the fulcrum of the id…
TheIn Situ Upgrading of Japanese Electronics Firms inMalaysian Industrial Clusters
The ability of clusters generated by direct foreign investment (DFI) in emerging economies to generate sustained, value-added growth is a matter of controversy. This article assesses this debate with reference to the role of Japanese electronics multinational corporations (MNCs) in the development of clusters inMalaysia. Conceptually, we present a typology ofDFI-generated industrial clusters that represent increasing degrees of commitment to loca…
Restructuring on a vertiginous plateau
Environmental Bargaining and Boundary Organizations
In recent decades, the creation of conservation areas has been a significant and contested trend in resource peripheries around the globe, embracing the “remapping” of resource extents, tenures, and values and thereby land use patterns and regional development trajectories. Environmental nongovernmental organizations (ENGOs) have emerged as key actors in the conflicts underlying this remapping, as advocates of environmental values and opponents o…
New Relationships between Japanese and Taiwanese Electronics Firms
This paper examines the cultural dimensions of production networks between Japanese and Taiwanese firms. Conceptually, we argue that, due to historical and cultural ties between the two countries, as well as long-standing associations with Taiwanese suppliers, Japanese lead firms have deepened their relationships as Taiwan has entered a more technologically based stage of development. Taiwan has also been pivotal in Japan-Taiwan-China relations b…
Neoliberalization and Its Geographic Limits
Recently, a number of economic geography studies have emphasized that when neoliberalism is grounded in particular places, it takes on hybrid forms, a result of local contingencies that are found at those sites. This article contributes to this literature by explicating the processes by which hybridization occurs by drawing on a comparative study of neoliberalism in three contemporary forest-based regions in the Global North: British Columbia, Ca…
Archie MacPherson (1922–2010)
Trouble in the Forest
Large and Latecomer Firms
This paper focuses on the role of Taiwan's ‘latecomer firms’ that are also large firms in developing technological capability within the electronics industry. Taiwan illustrates a latecomer country that has industrialised in the late twentieth century through export‐based industrialisation and latecomer firms are indigenous influences shaping this process. Large firms comprise a business segment distinctive from small firms and giant MNCs, and ar…
The Canadian geographer as positive externality
Teaching and Learning Guide for
Introductory Paragraph Economy and environment have often been debated, not least by politicians seeking election, as two separate, conflicting realms in zero sum relationships to one another; voters must choose between economy or environment. Likewise, modern (post‐1960) economic geography largely sub‐disciplined itself around an interest in employment (e.g. industrial geography) or in nature (e.g. environmental geography). Fortunately, the natu…
Luminaries … and teaching
A call to physical geographers
The Summer 2007 edition of The Canadian Geographer (TCG)/Le Géographe canadien (LGC) heralded the start of a short series of luminary articles by outstanding Canadian scholars who began their careers in the 1960s, a time of great change in the discipline. In this issue, we are delighted to introduce the second luminary article, on this occasion by Wayne Rouse, and the first from the physical side of our discipline. As a leading voice of an elite …
Environmental Economic Geography
This article advocates evolutionary institutionalism as a conceptual platform to launch a systematic approach to environmental economic geography. Evolutionary institutionalism interprets industrial transitions through the lens of innovative behaviour that is shaped by reciprocal economic and non-economic processes and periodically restructures economies in the form of new techno-economic paradigms (TEP). In this approach, environment-economy rel…
Hybrid Branch Plants
This article examines hybrid branch plants created by an interaction of the routines and conventions of the parent company with those of local institutions. We argue that hybridization is a search for an appropriate mix of practices that ensure viability in local circumstances, rather than necessarily the transfer of established "best" (parent-company) practices. Conceptually, hybridization is interpreted as learning-based (and bargaining) proces…
Luminary reflections
Relocating resource peripheries to the core of economic geography's theorizing
Theorizing in economic geography has focused on core regions, industrial and non‐industrial, old and new. Indeed, contemplation of the idea of globalization has reinforced this quest. This paper disputes this blinkered thinking that peripheralizes resource peripheries, and seeks to re‐position and emphasize resource peripheries within economic geography's theoretical agenda, specifically that associated with the new ‘institutional’ approach. A tr…
The Little Town That Did
BARNES T. J. and HAYTER R. (1992) 'The little town that did': flexible accumulation and community response in Chemainus, British Columbia, Reg. Studies 26, 647–663. As a result of corporate restructuring within the forest products corporation of MacMillan Bloedel, the sawmill at Chemainus, British Columbia, closed down in 1983 resulting in over 650 workers being laid-off. When the new mill reopened over two years later, computerized sawmill techn…
The War in the Woods”
Resource peripheries that are geographically remote from “core economies” are also peripheral to contemporary theorizing in economic geography, and requires higher profile within economic geography's research agenda. The restructuring qua remapping of resource peripheries is collectively shaped by institutional forces unleashed by post-Fordism and globalization that are fundamentally different from the restructuring of cores. As industrial region…
Stormy Weather
This paper uses the work of the Canadian economic historian, Harold Innis, to reflect on the nature of resource economies and the single-industry towns that form their backbone. For Innis resource or staple economies are subject to extreme spatial and temporal disruptions that are both creative and destructive. Single-industry towns are on the front line of both that creativity and that destructiveness. They enjoy rapid growth when a new resource…
Innis' Staple Theory, Exports, and Recession
For Harold Innis, staple exports provided the starting point to examine Canada's institutions and internal structures. Given the central role of staple exports, Innis sought to accomplish the task of developing a distinctively Canadian theory by wedding three types of concerns: geographical, institutional, and technological. This framework is reviewed and elaborated upon in order to examine the nature and extent to which British Columbia's global…
Neoliberalization and Its Geographic Limits
Recently, a number of economic geography studies have emphasized that when neoliberalism is grounded in particular places, it takes on hybrid forms, a result of local contingencies that are found at those sites. This article contributes to this literature by explicating the processes by which hybridization occurs by drawing on a comparative study of neoliberalism in three contemporary forest-based regions in the Global North: British Columbia, Ca…
Reflections on China's Open Policy Towards Foreign Direct Investment
HAYTER R. and HAN S. S. (1998) Reflections on China's open policy towards foreign direct investment, Reg. Studies 32 , 1-16. China's open policy of kaifang zhengce assumes that foreign direct investment is an essential mechanism by which technological and other forms of know-how regarding best practices can be transferred into the Chinese economy. Yet, this transfer cannot be assumed to the extent that the know-how desired by China simultaneously…
Corporate Strategies and Industrial Change in the Canadian Forest Product Industries
N MANY industrial sectors a relatively few multiproduct, multip`ant corporations dominate the production of goods and services and imp' !,ment the decisions that exert the greatest influence on the economic landscape. Recognition of the corporation as an important area-organizing institution, capable of instigating as well as reacting to environmental changes, has stimulated rapidly increasing interest in the spatial implications of large-enterpr…
Economic geography as dissenting institutionalism
This paper endorses recent pleas for an ‘institutional turn’ within economic geography. In particular, it reveals and connects the coherence and distinctiveness of dissenting institutional economics as a way of thinking for economic geography. Economic geographers have recognized this tradition but its continuity and compass is not fully appreciated. To provide such an appreciation, this paper argues that the paradigmatic distinctiveness of disse…
The Geography of Enterprise
Canada's resource economy
From the beginning, resource activities defined Canada’s global role. As Glen Norcliffe’s original and perceptive paper observes, John Cabot’s discovery of Newfoundland began a relentless, albeit uneven pat-tern of resource exploitation of Canada designed to serve the metropolitan markets of the world. This early European maritime contact supported small, vulnerable, and dispersed settlements on Canada’s eastern shores. As Innis (1930) documented…
The Weakest Link
Patterns of Entry' and the Role of Foreign‐controlled Investments in the Forest Product Sector of British Columbia
Environmental and evolutionary economic geography
This article argues that recent proposals for environmental and evolutionary economic geographies (EEG 1 and EEG2) should be integrated; EEG2 is used as “passing convenience” to make this case. EEG1's emphasis on environmental imperatives is loosely framed and needs a theoretical socio‐economic evolutionary base that is the central thrust of EEG2. Meanwhile EEG2 would be empowered by incorporating environmental concerns within its mandate. Moreov…
Environmental Economic Geography
This article advocates evolutionary institutionalism as a conceptual platform to launch a systematic approach to environmental economic geography. Evolutionary institutionalism interprets industrial transitions through the lens of innovative behaviour that is shaped by reciprocal economic and non-economic processes and periodically restructures economies in the form of new techno-economic paradigms (TEP). In this approach, environment-economy rel…
Foreign Direct Investment and the Flying Geese Model
This paper is a critical examination of the 'flying geese' and 'billiard ball' models of foreign direct investment (FDI) and their ability to explain the spatial expansion of Japanese electronics multinationals (MNCs) in Asia-Pacific countries from 1985 to 1996. Data on Japanese FDI are analyzed in this region at the aggregate, sectoral, and firm level. The paper commences with a review of the flying geese model, especially that version which int…
Restructuring on a vertiginous plateau
Japanese direct foreign investment and the Asian financial crisis
International Trade, Production Chains and Corporate Stategies
EDGINGTON D. W. and HAYTER R. (1997) International trade, production chains and corporate strategies: Japan's timber trade with British Columbia, Reg. Studies 31, 151-166. This paper discusses the construct of the production chain as a way of understanding the dynamics of regional development within a global economy. The production chain concept is developed as a set of integrated production, trade and service functions which add value to particu…
Flexible Specialization, Uncertainty, and the Firm
In this paper, we articulate the relationships between strategies of flexible specialization, uncertainty, and the firm in order to emphasize the internal differentiation of flexibly specialized regions. Conceptually, the paper argues that this variability is an implication of uncertainty which has been neglected in the literature. In particular, in response to uncertainty, firms develop different types of flexibility with respect to production, …
Employment Change During Recession
This paper, on the basis of primary data obtained at the level of the individual plant, examines the nature and extent of employment change in the forest product manufacturing industries of British Columbia between 1981 and 1985 ‐that is, during and following extremely severe recessionary conditions. Conceptually, the discussion emphasizes the employment implications of enterprise strategies in recessions; empirically, selected characteristics of…
Labour supply and resource-based manufacturing in isolated communities
Institutional thickening and innovation
As a response to forest conflict, contemporary remapping refers to re‐evaluations of resource values, new and diverse forms of governance among stakeholders, and compromises within patterns of land use that give greater emphasis to environmental and cultural priorities. This paper elaborates the processes of remapping by examining the role of institutional innovation in conflict resolution, with particular reference to the iconic Great Bear Rainf…
Flying Geese In Asia
Pacific Asia has looked to direct foreign investment (DFI) to achieve economic growth and technological catch‐up, and Japanese multinational corporations (MNCs) have responded massively. This paper evaluates Japanese MNCs as a source of industrial learning and technological transfer in the region, drawing from a large research literature and from the authors’ own surveys of Japanese DFI in the electronics sector. Japan's historic learning‐based a…
High‐Performance Organizations and Employment Flexibility
Throughout virtually all mass production industries in North America, including the Canadian newsprint industry, a significant theme of restructuring involves a transition from ‘Fordist’ to more ‘flexible’ methods of production and employment. In this paper, shifts towards smaller, more flexible employment conditions are assessed from the perspective of a model of ‘high‐performance organizations’. In this model, employment flexibility is defined …
Farmers' Crop Decisions and the Frost Hazard in East‐central Alberta a Bayesian Approach
Corporate Strategies and Industrial Change in the Canadian Forest Product Industries
N MANY industrial sectors a relatively few multiproduct, multip`ant corporations dominate the production of goods and services and imp' !,ment the decisions that exert the greatest influence on the economic landscape. Recognition of the corporation as an important area-organizing institution, capable of instigating as well as reacting to environmental changes, has stimulated rapidly increasing interest in the spatial implications of large-enterpr…
Labour supply and resource-based manufacturing in isolated communities
The Weakest Link
Patterns of Entry' and the Role of Foreign‐controlled Investments in the Forest Product Sector of British Columbia
Research and Development in the Canadian Forest Product Sector ‐ Another Weak Link
For over a decade the Science Council of Canada has argued with increasing conviction that Canada's industrial dilemmas stem from technological weaknesses that result primarily from high levels of foreign ownership (e.g. Cordell, 1971; Bourgault, 1972; Britton and Gilmour, 1978; Shepherd, 1980). Indeed, the council urges that only by adopting an industrial strategy explicitly based on the concept of technological sovereignty can Canada hope to en…
The Geography of Enterprise
The Restructuring of Traditional Industries in a Time of Recession
Export Performance and Export Potentials
This paper analyses the export performance and export potentials of end products manufactured in western Canada. Exports are explicitly interpreted as part of the (progressive) internationalization of firms. A sample of manufacturing firms is classified according to a five‐stage model of the internationalization of firms on the basis of variations in marketing and technological strategy. It is suggested that improvements in export performance wou…
The Export Dynamics of Firms in Traditional Industries during Recession
In this paper the export dynamics of firms in a traditional industrial setting during recession is examined in a manner which explicitly interprets exporting as part of an ongoing internationalization process. The analysis is based on a survey of sixty-five firms in the Sheffield region of South Yorkshire. Although the export performance of these firms varied considerably between 1979 and 1981, net exports declined sharply and the European Econom…
Employment Change During Recession
This paper, on the basis of primary data obtained at the level of the individual plant, examines the nature and extent of employment change in the forest product manufacturing industries of British Columbia between 1981 and 1985 ‐that is, during and following extremely severe recessionary conditions. Conceptually, the discussion emphasizes the employment implications of enterprise strategies in recessions; empirically, selected characteristics of…
Labour Turnover Characteristics at the Eurocan Pulp and Paper Mill, Kitimat
In this paper log-linear and related methods are applied to reanalyze the quit — stay characteristics of employees at a pulp and paper mill located in Kitimat, British Columbia, between 1970 and 1974. These characteristics had been examined solely on the basis of chi-square and Cramer's V. Our reanalysis, which is based on Aitkin's simultaneous test procedure, residual analysis, and logit models, gives greater precision to previously suggested re…
Innis' Staple Theory, Exports, and Recession
For Harold Innis, staple exports provided the starting point to examine Canada's institutions and internal structures. Given the central role of staple exports, Innis sought to accomplish the task of developing a distinctively Canadian theory by wedding three types of concerns: geographical, institutional, and technological. This framework is reviewed and elaborated upon in order to examine the nature and extent to which British Columbia's global…
Industrial Transformation and Challenge in Australia and Canada
The Little Town That Did
BARNES T. J. and HAYTER R. (1992) 'The little town that did': flexible accumulation and community response in Chemainus, British Columbia, Reg. Studies 26, 647–663. As a result of corporate restructuring within the forest products corporation of MacMillan Bloedel, the sawmill at Chemainus, British Columbia, closed down in 1983 resulting in over 650 workers being laid-off. When the new mill reopened over two years later, computerized sawmill techn…
Adia Assisted Manufacturing Employment in the Okanagan Valley, British Columbia, 1966–88
International Trade Relations and Regional Industrial Adjustment
To contribute towards a better understanding of the evolving relationships between international trade relations and regional industrial adjustment the author examines the implications of the Canada-US softwood lumber dispute that occurred during the 1980s for the softwood lumber industry of British Columbia. Conceptually, these implications are discussed within a progressively more focused series of trade-relations contexts based on principles o…
Different Trajectories in the Social Divisions of Labour
To contribute to the growing debate on the social division of labour and its implications for local development this paper comparatively analyses recent trends in the industrial organisation of the cutlery industry in Sheffield and Tsubame. Both industries evolved as flexibly specialised, export-oriented production systems based on a highly interdependent network of small firms. In the past 20 years, however, the social division of labour underly…
Labour Flexibility
In many established industries survival during the 1980s has required productivity improvements, massive job loss and the achievement of new, more ‘flexible’ working conditions. Yet, the search for smaller, more flexible work forces is necessarily an uncertain and contentious process, especially in situations characterized by IN SITU adjustments and entrenched Fordist labour relations. This article focuses on IN SITU restructuring and the search …
Skill Formation and Japanese Production Systems
This article focuses on an important research gap in recent literature on the geography of labour market segmentation, namely internal skill formation within firms and how that skill formation is affected by inter‐firm relationships within a production system and among production systems. We address this research gap by drawing on Japanese perspectives and by integrating two approaches to flexibility – that defined in terms of the imperatives of …
Flexible Specialization, Uncertainty, and the Firm
In this paper, we articulate the relationships between strategies of flexible specialization, uncertainty, and the firm in order to emphasize the internal differentiation of flexibly specialized regions. Conceptually, the paper argues that this variability is an implication of uncertainty which has been neglected in the literature. In particular, in response to uncertainty, firms develop different types of flexibility with respect to production, …
The dynamics of industrial location
International Trade, Production Chains and Corporate Stategies
EDGINGTON D. W. and HAYTER R. (1997) International trade, production chains and corporate strategies: Japan's timber trade with British Columbia, Reg. Studies 31, 151-166. This paper discusses the construct of the production chain as a way of understanding the dynamics of regional development within a global economy. The production chain concept is developed as a set of integrated production, trade and service functions which add value to particu…
High‐Performance Organizations and Employment Flexibility
Throughout virtually all mass production industries in North America, including the Canadian newsprint industry, a significant theme of restructuring involves a transition from ‘Fordist’ to more ‘flexible’ methods of production and employment. In this paper, shifts towards smaller, more flexible employment conditions are assessed from the perspective of a model of ‘high‐performance organizations’. In this model, employment flexibility is defined …
Japanese Precious Wood and the Paradoxes of Added Value
Japanese precious wood — meiboku — is cherished for its grain, color, and other characteristics. The value of meiboku is augmented in finding and selecting the wood; in specialized silviculture; in the aging, treatment, and fashioning of the wood; in distribution, display, and consultation; and, especially, in its integration into the design of Japanese‐style rooms. Historically, forest communities embraced a labor‐intensive tradition of meiboku …
Economics (54 works) · Political science (37 works) · Geography (32 works) · Economic geography (28 works) · Business (26 works) · Computer Science (26 works) · Economy (22 works) · Sociology (19 works) · International Business and FDI (17 works) · Law (16 works)