Joseph A Schafer
Biographic Data
| ID | 73130 |
|---|---|
| NAME | Joseph A Schafer |
| GIVEN NAMES | Joseph A |
| FAMILY NAME | Schafer |
| SIGNATURE | SCHAFER J A |
| AFFILIATIONS | Southern Illinois University Carbondale |
| VERIFIED | No |
| TOTAL WORKS | 25 |
| TOTAL CITATIONS | 132 |
| AUTHOR COUNT | 24 |
| EDITOR COUNT | 1 |
| FIRST PUBLICATION YEAR | 2003 |
| LATEST PUBLICATION YEAR | 2026 |
| H-INDEX | 6 |
Borderland Security
The Northern states along the US-Mexico border face some of Mexico’s most serious public security problems. Mexican federal, state, and municipal police struggle to create and sustain effective crime reduction strategies. This study identifies the challenges facing the state police officials that prevent the development of effective crime reduction strategies. Utilizing thematic analysis to examine interview data from police authorities in two no…
Stress and trauma among police officers
Racial justice movements sparked by police killings of Black and Brown persons have led to a reassessment of the role of policing in America. This has promoted important conversations about how best to improve public safety and design law enforcement practices that are equitable and just across communities. A component of this conversation is addressing stress and trauma faced by police as a routine part of their duties, as it can affect the qual…
Models of Social Worker and Police Officer Collaborations and the Social Issues They Address
Rethinking and Reforming American Policing
Heard Shots – Call the Police? An Examination of Citizen Responses To Gunfire
Many crimes go unreported, making the true scope of crime unknown, and criminal justice reform based on potentially limited data. An acoustic gunfire detection system (AGDS) broadens the data available and provides a unique picture of gun use and violence in communities, separate from crime reported by victims. Using data from an AGDS in the City of St. Louis, this study models variation in community rates of calls to the police for gunshots dete…
Rethinking and Reforming American Policing
Awakenings
Scholarly treatments of white supremacy have tended to focus on groups over individuals, examining belief systems, framing mechanisms, and operational dynamics. White supremacist discourse and dialogue often include descriptions of the processes through which one "awakens" to support these ideologies. This article considers how individuals report discovering their affinity for white supremacist belief systems. Data are culled from personal accoun…
Policing Intimate Partner Violence in Rural Areas and Small Towns
The extant literature has given only limited consideration to the adoption of intimate partner violence policies and procedures on the part of police organizations, particularly in rural areas and small towns. Using survey data from police agencies in the southern regions of Illinois, this study found that although policies were nearly universal, specific elements varied. Agencies relied heavily on conferences and other departments in formulating…
Bad moon on the rise? Lunar cycles and incidents of crime
Critical incident preparedness and response on post-secondary campuses
The ineffective police leader
A tale of three cities
Constructing crime
Incivilities, Crime, and Latino Immigrant Concentration
Research studying citizen perceptions of safety continues to expand its methodological and analytical scope. Informed by the incivilities thesis and Latino paradox/revitalization perspective, the current study adds to this expansion. Using three data sources (community surveys, census data, and police crime records), hierarchical logistic regression models were estimated to examine the influence of incivilities, violent crime rate, and immigrant …
Doctoral Comprehensive Exams
Comprehensive examinations mark one of the final student assessments within doctoral programs. Despite the presumed importance of this process, little is known about how it is carried out within the field of criminology and criminal justice. This study examined the structure of comprehensive exams in relevant doctoral programs. The findings reveal considerable variation in how programs organize comprehensive exams. This variation might suggest th…
Comprehensive examination reading lists as indicators of scholar impact and significance
The Effects of Social Disorganization
Guided by the theoretical framework of quality of life and social disorganization, this study combined data from three independent sources (4,469 community surveys, Census Bureau, and police crime records) to simultaneously examine the influence of contextual characteristics (concentrated disadvantage, social isolation, and violent crime) on residents' perceived incivilities across 10 city council districts in San Antonio, Texas, net of citizen-l…
Learning from the Classics
(2007). Learning from the Classics: an Empirical Examination of the Cultural Literacy in Criminological Theory. Journal of Criminal Justice Education: Vol. 18, Scholarly Influence in Criminal Justice, pp. 340-359
Fear of crime and criminal victimization
Continuity and discontinuity in competing models of criminal justice education
Competing models of criminal justice education have been conceptualized to exist for many years. Relevant empirical data to support this notion can be identified in the literature, especially data derived from early surveys of criminal justice educators and content analyses of criminal justice curricula as found across institutions of higher education. Using contemporary survey data from criminal justice faculty members in the state of Illinois, …
Academe versus academy
An emerging debate among criminal justice (CJ) educators concerns awarding academic credit for professional training experiences. The key point of contention within this debate is whether such training is analogous to learning experiences obtained in the college classroom. Using survey data from the state of Illinois, the authors explore how CJ educators view this issue in the context of police training. Findings suggest that the strongest factor…
Police leniency in traffic enforcement encounters
African American and White perceptions of police services
Studying traffic stop encounters
Citizen Perceptions of Police Services
Studies considering perceptions of the police have traditionally focused on very broad outcome measures (e.g., global views of the police). In an era of community policing, it is imperative to consider how the public perceives the police and police services using measures reflecting this alternative paradigm of policing. In addition, recent research suggests that perceptions of the police are formed within the context of respondents’neighborhood …
Fear of crime and criminal victimization
African American and White perceptions of police services
Police leniency in traffic enforcement encounters
Awakenings
Scholarly treatments of white supremacy have tended to focus on groups over individuals, examining belief systems, framing mechanisms, and operational dynamics. White supremacist discourse and dialogue often include descriptions of the processes through which one "awakens" to support these ideologies. This article considers how individuals report discovering their affinity for white supremacist belief systems. Data are culled from personal accoun…
Constructing crime
A tale of three cities
Studying traffic stop encounters
Bad moon on the rise? Lunar cycles and incidents of crime
Comprehensive examination reading lists as indicators of scholar impact and significance
Critical incident preparedness and response on post-secondary campuses
Citizen Perceptions of Police Services
Studies considering perceptions of the police have traditionally focused on very broad outcome measures (e.g., global views of the police). In an era of community policing, it is imperative to consider how the public perceives the police and police services using measures reflecting this alternative paradigm of policing. In addition, recent research suggests that perceptions of the police are formed within the context of respondents’neighborhood …
African American and White perceptions of police services
Studying traffic stop encounters
Continuity and discontinuity in competing models of criminal justice education
Competing models of criminal justice education have been conceptualized to exist for many years. Relevant empirical data to support this notion can be identified in the literature, especially data derived from early surveys of criminal justice educators and content analyses of criminal justice curricula as found across institutions of higher education. Using contemporary survey data from criminal justice faculty members in the state of Illinois, …
Academe versus academy
An emerging debate among criminal justice (CJ) educators concerns awarding academic credit for professional training experiences. The key point of contention within this debate is whether such training is analogous to learning experiences obtained in the college classroom. Using survey data from the state of Illinois, the authors explore how CJ educators view this issue in the context of police training. Findings suggest that the strongest factor…
Police leniency in traffic enforcement encounters
Fear of crime and criminal victimization
The Effects of Social Disorganization
Guided by the theoretical framework of quality of life and social disorganization, this study combined data from three independent sources (4,469 community surveys, Census Bureau, and police crime records) to simultaneously examine the influence of contextual characteristics (concentrated disadvantage, social isolation, and violent crime) on residents' perceived incivilities across 10 city council districts in San Antonio, Texas, net of citizen-l…
Learning from the Classics
(2007). Learning from the Classics: an Empirical Examination of the Cultural Literacy in Criminological Theory. Journal of Criminal Justice Education: Vol. 18, Scholarly Influence in Criminal Justice, pp. 340-359
Incivilities, Crime, and Latino Immigrant Concentration
Research studying citizen perceptions of safety continues to expand its methodological and analytical scope. Informed by the incivilities thesis and Latino paradox/revitalization perspective, the current study adds to this expansion. Using three data sources (community surveys, census data, and police crime records), hierarchical logistic regression models were estimated to examine the influence of incivilities, violent crime rate, and immigrant …
Doctoral Comprehensive Exams
Comprehensive examinations mark one of the final student assessments within doctoral programs. Despite the presumed importance of this process, little is known about how it is carried out within the field of criminology and criminal justice. This study examined the structure of comprehensive exams in relevant doctoral programs. The findings reveal considerable variation in how programs organize comprehensive exams. This variation might suggest th…
Comprehensive examination reading lists as indicators of scholar impact and significance
Constructing crime
Policing Intimate Partner Violence in Rural Areas and Small Towns
The extant literature has given only limited consideration to the adoption of intimate partner violence policies and procedures on the part of police organizations, particularly in rural areas and small towns. Using survey data from police agencies in the southern regions of Illinois, this study found that although policies were nearly universal, specific elements varied. Agencies relied heavily on conferences and other departments in formulating…
Bad moon on the rise? Lunar cycles and incidents of crime
Critical incident preparedness and response on post-secondary campuses
The ineffective police leader
A tale of three cities
Awakenings
Scholarly treatments of white supremacy have tended to focus on groups over individuals, examining belief systems, framing mechanisms, and operational dynamics. White supremacist discourse and dialogue often include descriptions of the processes through which one "awakens" to support these ideologies. This article considers how individuals report discovering their affinity for white supremacist belief systems. Data are culled from personal accoun…
Rethinking and Reforming American Policing
Rethinking and Reforming American Policing
Heard Shots – Call the Police? An Examination of Citizen Responses To Gunfire
Many crimes go unreported, making the true scope of crime unknown, and criminal justice reform based on potentially limited data. An acoustic gunfire detection system (AGDS) broadens the data available and provides a unique picture of gun use and violence in communities, separate from crime reported by victims. Using data from an AGDS in the City of St. Louis, this study models variation in community rates of calls to the police for gunshots dete…
Stress and trauma among police officers
Racial justice movements sparked by police killings of Black and Brown persons have led to a reassessment of the role of policing in America. This has promoted important conversations about how best to improve public safety and design law enforcement practices that are equitable and just across communities. A component of this conversation is addressing stress and trauma faced by police as a routine part of their duties, as it can affect the qual…
Models of Social Worker and Police Officer Collaborations and the Social Issues They Address
Borderland Security
The Northern states along the US-Mexico border face some of Mexico’s most serious public security problems. Mexican federal, state, and municipal police struggle to create and sustain effective crime reduction strategies. This study identifies the challenges facing the state police officials that prevent the development of effective crime reduction strategies. Utilizing thematic analysis to examine interview data from police authorities in two no…
Political science (19 works) · Criminology (18 works) · Psychology (18 works) · Crime Patterns and Interventions (16 works) · Law (14 works) · Policing Practices and Perceptions (12 works) · Sociology (12 works) · Law (10 works) · Social Psychology (10 works) · Criminal justice (7 works)