María C Escobar-Lemmon
Biographic Data
| ID | 73260 |
|---|---|
| NAME | María C Escobar-Lemmon |
| GIVEN NAMES | María C |
| FAMILY NAME | Escobar-Lemmon |
| SIGNATURE | ESCOBAR-LEMMON M C |
| AFFILIATIONS | Mitchell Institute |
| ORCID | 0000-0003-1396-432X |
| VERIFIED | Yes |
| TOTAL WORKS | 21 |
| TOTAL CITATIONS | 598 |
| AUTHOR COUNT | 21 |
| EDITOR COUNT | 0 |
| FIRST PUBLICATION YEAR | 2001 |
| LATEST PUBLICATION YEAR | 2021 |
| H-INDEX | 9 |
Breaking the Judicial Glass Ceiling: The Appointment of Women to High Courts Worldwide
The salience of judicial institutions in democratic and nondemocratic countries has increased, making it important to have women on these powerful and visible decision-making bodies. Yet, women have only recently gained entrance to peak judicial bodies including constitutional and supreme courts. The appointment of the first woman to a high court is a historic landmark, breaking traditional ideas of who can and should be on the court. Using a glo…
Diverse and inclusive high courts: A global and intersectional perspective
Critical race feminists call attention to the ways in which multiple and overlapping forms of privilege and discrimination shape individual experiences and perspectives. In this article, we argue that judiciaries cannot be fully inclusive if their composition does not reflect a society’s intersecting sources of disadvantage. We consider intersectional inclusion on high courts from a comparative perspective. Most existing practices of representati…
Leading toward equality: The effect of women mayors on gender equality in local bureaucracies
Do women elected officials contribute to the creation of public sector workforces that are more representative of the populations they serve? A more representative bureaucracy is expected to produce better outcomes, and thus understanding the role that elected leadership plays in diversifying the bureaucracy is important. Using data from over 5000 Brazilian municipalities from 2001 to 2012, we examine whether the election of women mayors leads to…
Women in Presidential Cabinets: Power Players or Abundant Tokens?
We examine the backgrounds, connections, and credentials of all full cabinet rank ministers in two to four presidential administrations in five presidential democracies—Argentina, Chile, Colombia, Costa Rica, and the United States—to determine if women and men bring similar numbers and diversity of political capital resources to the administration. With a few exceptions, presidents select men and women with similar work and education backgrounds,…
Just the Facts? Media Coverage of Female and Male High Court Appointees in Five Democracies
In this article, we examine gender differences in news media portrayals of nominees to high courts and whether those differences vary across country and time. Although past research has examined gender differences in news media coverage of candidates for elective office, few studies have looked at media coverage of high court nominees. As women are increasingly nominated to courts around the world, it is important to examine how nominations are c…
Sex, Survival, and Scandal: A Comparison of How Men and Women Exit Presidential Cabinets
The process of selecting cabinet ministers often takes place behind closed doors, including weighing the need to balance or manage factions within the president's party and/or coalition partners; addressing demands for diversity in the cabinet, such as appointment of women or other historically underrepresented groups; sending signals about the administration's policy agenda; and enabling the president to have people he or she trusts close at han…
Does Decentralization Improve Perceptions of Accountability? Attitudinal Evidence from Colombia
Decentralization is argued to create incentives for local and regional politicians to be more responsive and accountable to their constituents, but few studies have directly tested this claim. We use survey data from Colombia to examine individual‐level evaluations of the degree to which decentralization prompts citizens to view department government as more accountable. We estimate the effect of administrative, fiscal, and political decentraliza…
Policymaking in Parochial Legislatures: What Laws Pass the Colombian Legislature
All by Myself: Personal Qualifications versus Party Affiliation in Colombian Mayoral Elections
Political decentralization has been promoted as a way to devolve responsibility, bring government closer to citizens, and improve accountability. The shift prompted new local elections, but were the elected officials responsive to citizens or to national party elites? This study examines unique survey data from 125 Colombian mayors to identify the factors they believe were critical in their victories and thereby to identify the people to whom the…
The politics of economic crisis
The price of personalizing politics: Political distrust and economic performance in Latin America, 1996-2006
Democratic Innovations: Designing Institutions for Citizen Participation by Graham Smith
Getting to the Top: Career Paths of Women in Latin American Cabinets
Are presidential cabinets gendered institutions? This important question has been ignored for Latin America to date. In this article, the authors propose four benchmarks for evaluating whether presidential cabinets should be classified as gendered institutions. If they are we should observe (1) that there are differences in career length, continuity, and mobility between men and women; (2) that women receive feminine domain posts and men masculin…
The Electoral Connection and Legislative Committees
This article examines whether the career needs of legislators – to be re-elected or to move on to another political post – allow us to explain the rules governing committee structures and the committee assignments individual legislators obtain. It uses the institutional variations provided by Argentina, Costa Rica, and Venezuela to test hypotheses about committee assignments and committee assignment mechanisms. It finds that incentives created by…
Executives, Legislatures, and Decentralization
This article considers the role of executives and legislatures in authoring decentralizing legislation to study the type of decentralization each sought to achieve. I find that differences across branches are more significant than differences across political parties. The executive played a significant role in the process of decentralization emphasizing administrative forms of decentralization. Congressional efforts to write laws, on the contrary…
Federalism and Democracy in Latin America
Journal Article Federalism and Democracy in Latin America Get access Federalism and Democracy in Latin America by Edward L. Gibson. Baltimore, MD, Johns Hopkins University Press, 2004. 336 pp. Cloth, $49.95; paper, $18.95. Maria Escobar-Lemmon Maria Escobar-Lemmon Texas A&M University Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Political Science Quarterly, Volume 120, Issue 1, Spring 2005, Pages 173–174, https://doi.o…
Women Ministers in Latin American Government: When, Where, and Why
We examine factors that affect the supply of and demand for female cabinet ministers in Latin America and seek to understand the frequency with which women join cabinets and the types of portfolios women receive. Our analysis covers 18 Latin American democracies from 1980 to 2003. We find that presidents from parties of the left appoint more women. Increases in the percentage of women in the legislature and higher human development correlate with…
Vote-Seeking Incentives and Legislative Representation in Six Presidential Democracies
Through the use of an original data set of bill initiation activity in six presidential democracies, we advance scholarly understanding of how the institutional incentives faced by legislative candidates influence representation. We extend and adapt theory, derived primarily from the experience of the U.S. Congress, demonstrating its viability, once assumed constants from the U.S. case are explicitly modeled, in quite distinct institutional conte…
Political Support for Decentralization: An Analysis of the Colombian and Venezuelan Legislatures
A worldwide trend of decentralizing political power, fiscal authority, and the responsibility for providing services to subnational governments has been especially evident in Latin America over the past decade. This article focuses on variation in intracountry support for decentralization, using data on bill initiation from Colombia and Venezuela to determine the domestic sources of this policy. While the data support prior findings that decentra…
Democracy in Latin America: Individuals in Institutional Contexts
The return of democracy to Latin America has been greeted with a wealth of new scholarship in which theoretical approaches and specific research questions have varied widely. Comparative political scientists recently have begun to think about democracy in terms of rational individuals operating in institutional contexts. From an institutional approach, democracy is more than a series of legal documents. Understanding how democracies work requires…
Fiscal Decentralization and Federalism in Latin America
In contrast to years of centralization when the national government dominated the states and municipalities, fiscal decentralization is now taking place throughout Latin America. This study considers the reasons for this change. Fiscal decentralization merits separate attention because the financial independence of subnational governments ultimately determines their success and power. Competing political and economic explanations are tested on a …
Women Ministers in Latin American Government: When, Where, and Why
We examine factors that affect the supply of and demand for female cabinet ministers in Latin America and seek to understand the frequency with which women join cabinets and the types of portfolios women receive. Our analysis covers 18 Latin American democracies from 1980 to 2003. We find that presidents from parties of the left appoint more women. Increases in the percentage of women in the legislature and higher human development correlate with…
Vote-Seeking Incentives and Legislative Representation in Six Presidential Democracies
Through the use of an original data set of bill initiation activity in six presidential democracies, we advance scholarly understanding of how the institutional incentives faced by legislative candidates influence representation. We extend and adapt theory, derived primarily from the experience of the U.S. Congress, demonstrating its viability, once assumed constants from the U.S. case are explicitly modeled, in quite distinct institutional conte…
Getting to the Top: Career Paths of Women in Latin American Cabinets
Are presidential cabinets gendered institutions? This important question has been ignored for Latin America to date. In this article, the authors propose four benchmarks for evaluating whether presidential cabinets should be classified as gendered institutions. If they are we should observe (1) that there are differences in career length, continuity, and mobility between men and women; (2) that women receive feminine domain posts and men masculin…
Does Decentralization Improve Perceptions of Accountability? Attitudinal Evidence from Colombia
Decentralization is argued to create incentives for local and regional politicians to be more responsive and accountable to their constituents, but few studies have directly tested this claim. We use survey data from Colombia to examine individual‐level evaluations of the degree to which decentralization prompts citizens to view department government as more accountable. We estimate the effect of administrative, fiscal, and political decentraliza…
The Electoral Connection and Legislative Committees
This article examines whether the career needs of legislators – to be re-elected or to move on to another political post – allow us to explain the rules governing committee structures and the committee assignments individual legislators obtain. It uses the institutional variations provided by Argentina, Costa Rica, and Venezuela to test hypotheses about committee assignments and committee assignment mechanisms. It finds that incentives created by…
Political Support for Decentralization: An Analysis of the Colombian and Venezuelan Legislatures
A worldwide trend of decentralizing political power, fiscal authority, and the responsibility for providing services to subnational governments has been especially evident in Latin America over the past decade. This article focuses on variation in intracountry support for decentralization, using data on bill initiation from Colombia and Venezuela to determine the domestic sources of this policy. While the data support prior findings that decentra…
Fiscal Decentralization and Federalism in Latin America
In contrast to years of centralization when the national government dominated the states and municipalities, fiscal decentralization is now taking place throughout Latin America. This study considers the reasons for this change. Fiscal decentralization merits separate attention because the financial independence of subnational governments ultimately determines their success and power. Competing political and economic explanations are tested on a …
Breaking the Judicial Glass Ceiling: The Appointment of Women to High Courts Worldwide
The salience of judicial institutions in democratic and nondemocratic countries has increased, making it important to have women on these powerful and visible decision-making bodies. Yet, women have only recently gained entrance to peak judicial bodies including constitutional and supreme courts. The appointment of the first woman to a high court is a historic landmark, breaking traditional ideas of who can and should be on the court. Using a glo…
Diverse and inclusive high courts: A global and intersectional perspective
Critical race feminists call attention to the ways in which multiple and overlapping forms of privilege and discrimination shape individual experiences and perspectives. In this article, we argue that judiciaries cannot be fully inclusive if their composition does not reflect a society’s intersecting sources of disadvantage. We consider intersectional inclusion on high courts from a comparative perspective. Most existing practices of representati…
Executives, Legislatures, and Decentralization
This article considers the role of executives and legislatures in authoring decentralizing legislation to study the type of decentralization each sought to achieve. I find that differences across branches are more significant than differences across political parties. The executive played a significant role in the process of decentralization emphasizing administrative forms of decentralization. Congressional efforts to write laws, on the contrary…
Just the Facts? Media Coverage of Female and Male High Court Appointees in Five Democracies
In this article, we examine gender differences in news media portrayals of nominees to high courts and whether those differences vary across country and time. Although past research has examined gender differences in news media coverage of candidates for elective office, few studies have looked at media coverage of high court nominees. As women are increasingly nominated to courts around the world, it is important to examine how nominations are c…
Leading toward equality: The effect of women mayors on gender equality in local bureaucracies
Do women elected officials contribute to the creation of public sector workforces that are more representative of the populations they serve? A more representative bureaucracy is expected to produce better outcomes, and thus understanding the role that elected leadership plays in diversifying the bureaucracy is important. Using data from over 5000 Brazilian municipalities from 2001 to 2012, we examine whether the election of women mayors leads to…
Sex, Survival, and Scandal: A Comparison of How Men and Women Exit Presidential Cabinets
The process of selecting cabinet ministers often takes place behind closed doors, including weighing the need to balance or manage factions within the president's party and/or coalition partners; addressing demands for diversity in the cabinet, such as appointment of women or other historically underrepresented groups; sending signals about the administration's policy agenda; and enabling the president to have people he or she trusts close at han…
The price of personalizing politics: Political distrust and economic performance in Latin America, 1996-2006
Federalism and Democracy in Latin America
Journal Article Federalism and Democracy in Latin America Get access Federalism and Democracy in Latin America by Edward L. Gibson. Baltimore, MD, Johns Hopkins University Press, 2004. 336 pp. Cloth, $49.95; paper, $18.95. Maria Escobar-Lemmon Maria Escobar-Lemmon Texas A&M University Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Political Science Quarterly, Volume 120, Issue 1, Spring 2005, Pages 173–174, https://doi.o…
All by Myself: Personal Qualifications versus Party Affiliation in Colombian Mayoral Elections
Political decentralization has been promoted as a way to devolve responsibility, bring government closer to citizens, and improve accountability. The shift prompted new local elections, but were the elected officials responsive to citizens or to national party elites? This study examines unique survey data from 125 Colombian mayors to identify the factors they believe were critical in their victories and thereby to identify the people to whom the…
The politics of economic crisis
Democracy in Latin America: Individuals in Institutional Contexts
The return of democracy to Latin America has been greeted with a wealth of new scholarship in which theoretical approaches and specific research questions have varied widely. Comparative political scientists recently have begun to think about democracy in terms of rational individuals operating in institutional contexts. From an institutional approach, democracy is more than a series of legal documents. Understanding how democracies work requires…
Fiscal Decentralization and Federalism in Latin America
In contrast to years of centralization when the national government dominated the states and municipalities, fiscal decentralization is now taking place throughout Latin America. This study considers the reasons for this change. Fiscal decentralization merits separate attention because the financial independence of subnational governments ultimately determines their success and power. Competing political and economic explanations are tested on a …
Political Support for Decentralization: An Analysis of the Colombian and Venezuelan Legislatures
A worldwide trend of decentralizing political power, fiscal authority, and the responsibility for providing services to subnational governments has been especially evident in Latin America over the past decade. This article focuses on variation in intracountry support for decentralization, using data on bill initiation from Colombia and Venezuela to determine the domestic sources of this policy. While the data support prior findings that decentra…
Vote-Seeking Incentives and Legislative Representation in Six Presidential Democracies
Through the use of an original data set of bill initiation activity in six presidential democracies, we advance scholarly understanding of how the institutional incentives faced by legislative candidates influence representation. We extend and adapt theory, derived primarily from the experience of the U.S. Congress, demonstrating its viability, once assumed constants from the U.S. case are explicitly modeled, in quite distinct institutional conte…
Federalism and Democracy in Latin America
Journal Article Federalism and Democracy in Latin America Get access Federalism and Democracy in Latin America by Edward L. Gibson. Baltimore, MD, Johns Hopkins University Press, 2004. 336 pp. Cloth, $49.95; paper, $18.95. Maria Escobar-Lemmon Maria Escobar-Lemmon Texas A&M University Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Political Science Quarterly, Volume 120, Issue 1, Spring 2005, Pages 173–174, https://doi.o…
Women Ministers in Latin American Government: When, Where, and Why
We examine factors that affect the supply of and demand for female cabinet ministers in Latin America and seek to understand the frequency with which women join cabinets and the types of portfolios women receive. Our analysis covers 18 Latin American democracies from 1980 to 2003. We find that presidents from parties of the left appoint more women. Increases in the percentage of women in the legislature and higher human development correlate with…
Executives, Legislatures, and Decentralization
This article considers the role of executives and legislatures in authoring decentralizing legislation to study the type of decentralization each sought to achieve. I find that differences across branches are more significant than differences across political parties. The executive played a significant role in the process of decentralization emphasizing administrative forms of decentralization. Congressional efforts to write laws, on the contrary…
Getting to the Top: Career Paths of Women in Latin American Cabinets
Are presidential cabinets gendered institutions? This important question has been ignored for Latin America to date. In this article, the authors propose four benchmarks for evaluating whether presidential cabinets should be classified as gendered institutions. If they are we should observe (1) that there are differences in career length, continuity, and mobility between men and women; (2) that women receive feminine domain posts and men masculin…
The Electoral Connection and Legislative Committees
This article examines whether the career needs of legislators – to be re-elected or to move on to another political post – allow us to explain the rules governing committee structures and the committee assignments individual legislators obtain. It uses the institutional variations provided by Argentina, Costa Rica, and Venezuela to test hypotheses about committee assignments and committee assignment mechanisms. It finds that incentives created by…
Democratic Innovations: Designing Institutions for Citizen Participation by Graham Smith
The politics of economic crisis
The price of personalizing politics: Political distrust and economic performance in Latin America, 1996-2006
Policymaking in Parochial Legislatures: What Laws Pass the Colombian Legislature
All by Myself: Personal Qualifications versus Party Affiliation in Colombian Mayoral Elections
Political decentralization has been promoted as a way to devolve responsibility, bring government closer to citizens, and improve accountability. The shift prompted new local elections, but were the elected officials responsive to citizens or to national party elites? This study examines unique survey data from 125 Colombian mayors to identify the factors they believe were critical in their victories and thereby to identify the people to whom the…
Does Decentralization Improve Perceptions of Accountability? Attitudinal Evidence from Colombia
Decentralization is argued to create incentives for local and regional politicians to be more responsive and accountable to their constituents, but few studies have directly tested this claim. We use survey data from Colombia to examine individual‐level evaluations of the degree to which decentralization prompts citizens to view department government as more accountable. We estimate the effect of administrative, fiscal, and political decentraliza…
Sex, Survival, and Scandal: A Comparison of How Men and Women Exit Presidential Cabinets
The process of selecting cabinet ministers often takes place behind closed doors, including weighing the need to balance or manage factions within the president's party and/or coalition partners; addressing demands for diversity in the cabinet, such as appointment of women or other historically underrepresented groups; sending signals about the administration's policy agenda; and enabling the president to have people he or she trusts close at han…
Women in Presidential Cabinets: Power Players or Abundant Tokens?
We examine the backgrounds, connections, and credentials of all full cabinet rank ministers in two to four presidential administrations in five presidential democracies—Argentina, Chile, Colombia, Costa Rica, and the United States—to determine if women and men bring similar numbers and diversity of political capital resources to the administration. With a few exceptions, presidents select men and women with similar work and education backgrounds,…
Just the Facts? Media Coverage of Female and Male High Court Appointees in Five Democracies
In this article, we examine gender differences in news media portrayals of nominees to high courts and whether those differences vary across country and time. Although past research has examined gender differences in news media coverage of candidates for elective office, few studies have looked at media coverage of high court nominees. As women are increasingly nominated to courts around the world, it is important to examine how nominations are c…
Leading toward equality: The effect of women mayors on gender equality in local bureaucracies
Do women elected officials contribute to the creation of public sector workforces that are more representative of the populations they serve? A more representative bureaucracy is expected to produce better outcomes, and thus understanding the role that elected leadership plays in diversifying the bureaucracy is important. Using data from over 5000 Brazilian municipalities from 2001 to 2012, we examine whether the election of women mayors leads to…
Diverse and inclusive high courts: A global and intersectional perspective
Critical race feminists call attention to the ways in which multiple and overlapping forms of privilege and discrimination shape individual experiences and perspectives. In this article, we argue that judiciaries cannot be fully inclusive if their composition does not reflect a society’s intersecting sources of disadvantage. We consider intersectional inclusion on high courts from a comparative perspective. Most existing practices of representati…
Breaking the Judicial Glass Ceiling: The Appointment of Women to High Courts Worldwide
The salience of judicial institutions in democratic and nondemocratic countries has increased, making it important to have women on these powerful and visible decision-making bodies. Yet, women have only recently gained entrance to peak judicial bodies including constitutional and supreme courts. The appointment of the first woman to a high court is a historic landmark, breaking traditional ideas of who can and should be on the court. Using a glo…
Political science (21 works) · Law (19 works) · Politics (18 works) · Law (16 works) · Public Administration (12 works) · Economics (11 works) · Public Administration (10 works) · Latin Americans (9 works) · Gender Politics and Representation (7 works) · Legislature (7 works)