Eileen Eckmeier
Biographic Data
| ID | 73425 |
|---|---|
| NAME | Eileen Eckmeier |
| GIVEN NAMES | Eileen |
| FAMILY NAME | Eckmeier |
| SIGNATURE | ECKMEIER E |
| AFFILIATIONS | Christian-Albrechts-Universität zu Kiel |
| ORCID | 0000-0003-3053-8226 |
| VERIFIED | Yes |
| TOTAL WORKS | 18 |
| TOTAL CITATIONS | 43 |
| AUTHOR COUNT | 18 |
| EDITOR COUNT | 0 |
| FIRST PUBLICATION YEAR | 2007 |
| LATEST PUBLICATION YEAR | 2026 |
| H-INDEX | 4 |
Archaeological and geoarchaeological properties of functional areas at the Upper Paleolithic site of Zaraysk, East European plain
This study investigates the archaeological and geoarchaeological properties of a cultural layer at the Upper Paleolithic site of Zaraysk. We examine the human impact on soil properties within several functional areas using a multiproxy approach including physical, geochemical, and biogeochemical methods. The percentage of organic carbon most likely added by various human activities was estimated by applying a new approach using n -alkane contents…
The sand deposit underneath the Ishtar Temple in Assur, Iraq: Origin and implications for the foundation of the goddess’s cult and sanctuary
First-ever systematic mineralogical investigation of sands from an archaeological context in Iraq. • Sand layer beneath temple's first building phase mirrors a southern Mesopotamian practice for the first time in north. • Sands derive from the Zagros Mountains, located upstream from the Tigris tributary, in the Lesser Zab region. • Implications on Ishtar at Assur, linked to Inana in southern Mesopotamia or the Hurrian deity Shawushka (or Shaushka…
Geophysical investigation of a Viking Age harbour on the Island of Amrum (DE)
Multimethod (Aerial Photos, Magnetic Gradiometry, FDEMI and GPR) investigations into fist millennium AD settlements on the island of Amrum, finding a Viking Age harbour site
Reconstruction of historical forest cover on a 1° grid in central and southeast Europe from AD 1800 to 2000
The natural vegetation has been substantially changed over the last millenium, especially from forest to agricultural areas in Europe. To study the effects of deforestation on carbon and climate system, it is essential to construct spatially precise maps in forest cover. The current representative historical forest data sets are either derivatives of agricultural datasets or are produced based on the deforestation-population relationship. Almost …
Improvement of soil fertility in historical ridge and furrow cultivation
Ridge and furrow cultivation is the most widely used agricultural technique in medieval and postmedieval Europe, but the fertilization of soils during their use is not yet fully understood. Pedological analyses of this cultivation technique provided information, which led to the assumption that some of the investigated sites in Northern and Central Germany were manured with livestock excrements during cultivation. The objective of this study is t…
The impact of soil as a natural resource on emerging settlements in the steppes of Eurasia
The article explores the relationship between the development of settlements and their potentially accessible natural resources. Particular emphasis is placed on soil quality as the basis of agricultural practices. Key attention is paid to the study of the Kalmyk steppe between the Black Sea and the Caspian Sea in the early Middle Ages, when the first urban settlements appeared in the region. As a comparative material, we used the results of a st…
Динамика процессов опустынивания в Республике Калмыкия с середины 1980-х гг. до настоящего времени
Introduction. In the Republic of Kalmykia, agriculture is characterized by the prevalence of livestock breeding. Still, excessive grazing has resulted in land degradation. Materials. Analysis of buried soils from excavated kurgans reveals that the Late Bronze Age and Late Medieval Period witnessed extensive desertification processes across vast territories of Eastern European steppes. Those trends were determined by global climate aridization tra…
Loess-soil sequence at Toshan (Northern Iran): Insights into late Pleistocene climate change
Pedogenetic processes and pedostratigraphy of the Quaternary on the Balearic Islands and in the Granada Basin, Spain
Multiproxy Analyses of Stratigraphy and Palaeoenvironment of the Late Palaeolithic Grabow Floodplain Site, Northern Germany
Changing river courses and fluctuations of the water table were some of the most fundamental environmental changes that humans faced during the Late Glacial, particularly as these changes affected areas intensively used for settlement and resource exploitation. Unfortunately, only a few stratigraphies have been documented in the North European plain that show the interaction between river development, vegetation history, and occupation by Late Pa…
C Dating of the Early Natufian at El-Wad Terrace, Mount Carmel, Israel: Methodology and Materials Characterization
The Natufian (15–11.5 kyr BP) sites in the southern Levant are characterized by a lack of macrobotanical remains, including charcoal, and poor preservation of bone collagen. As a result, only about 30 reliable radiocarbon dates are available for building a chronology of the Natufian period. Here, we present new 14 C data from the Natufian site of el-Wad terrace that fall in the range of the Early Natufian period. Using Fourier transform infrared …
New 14 C Dates for the Early Natufian of El-Wad Terrace, Mount Carmel, Israel
The Natufian culture of the southern Levant played an integral role in the transition from simple huntergatherers to food-producing societies of the Neolithic, but the major Natufian hamlets are currently poorly dated. Moreover, none of these complex, continuously occupied base camps have delivered an adequate number of dates to enable an in-depth delineation of intra-Natufian developments. This paper presents the first results of our dating prog…
Radiocarbon Concentrations of Wood Ash Calcite: Potential for Dating
Ash is formed when plant calcium oxalate crystals (CaC 2 O 4 ) decompose to form calcite (CaCO 3 ). We found that ash does retain the original calcium oxalate radiocarbon concentration, but in addition, there is another minor 14 C source. This is shown by the presence of a consistent small shift in the pMC and δ 13 C levels when comparing cellulose and ash from modern and archaeological woods. Possible mechanisms for 14 C exchange during combusti…
Short-chain n-alkanes (C16–20) in ancient soil are useful molecular markers for prehistoric biomass burning
Conference Participants
The Radiocarbon archives are made available by Radiocarbon and the University of Arizona Libraries. Contact [email protected] for further information
Dating Charred Soil Organic Matter: Comparison of Radiocarbon Ages from Macrocharcoals and Chemically Separated Charcoal Carbon
Radiocarbon dating of charcoal in soils is commonly used to reconstruct past environmental processes. Also microcharcoal that is chemically isolated from soil organic matter by high-energy UV photo-oxidation can be dated with 14 C accelerator mass spectrometry (AMS). We compared the 14 C AMS ages of 13 pairs of hand-picked macrocharcoals and microcharcoal samples separated via the UV oxidation method; both charcoal fractions were taken from the s…
Holocene fire history of black colluvial soils revealed by pyrolysis-GC/MS: A case study from Campo Lameiro (NW Spain)
Conversion of biomass to charcoal and the carbon mass balance from a slash-and-burn experiment in a temperate deciduous forest
Anthropogenic burning, including slash-and-burn, was deliberately used in (pre)historic Central Europe. Biomass burning has affected the global carbon cycle since, presumably, the early Holocene. The understanding of processes and rates of charcoal formation in temperate deciduous forests is limited, as is the extent of prehistoric human impact on the environment. We took advantage of an experimental burning to simulate Neolithic slash-and-burn, …
Short-chain n-alkanes (C16–20) in ancient soil are useful molecular markers for prehistoric biomass burning
New 14 C Dates for the Early Natufian of El-Wad Terrace, Mount Carmel, Israel
The Natufian culture of the southern Levant played an integral role in the transition from simple huntergatherers to food-producing societies of the Neolithic, but the major Natufian hamlets are currently poorly dated. Moreover, none of these complex, continuously occupied base camps have delivered an adequate number of dates to enable an in-depth delineation of intra-Natufian developments. This paper presents the first results of our dating prog…
Radiocarbon Concentrations of Wood Ash Calcite: Potential for Dating
Ash is formed when plant calcium oxalate crystals (CaC 2 O 4 ) decompose to form calcite (CaCO 3 ). We found that ash does retain the original calcium oxalate radiocarbon concentration, but in addition, there is another minor 14 C source. This is shown by the presence of a consistent small shift in the pMC and δ 13 C levels when comparing cellulose and ash from modern and archaeological woods. Possible mechanisms for 14 C exchange during combusti…
C Dating of the Early Natufian at El-Wad Terrace, Mount Carmel, Israel: Methodology and Materials Characterization
The Natufian (15–11.5 kyr BP) sites in the southern Levant are characterized by a lack of macrobotanical remains, including charcoal, and poor preservation of bone collagen. As a result, only about 30 reliable radiocarbon dates are available for building a chronology of the Natufian period. Here, we present new 14 C data from the Natufian site of el-Wad terrace that fall in the range of the Early Natufian period. Using Fourier transform infrared …
Dating Charred Soil Organic Matter: Comparison of Radiocarbon Ages from Macrocharcoals and Chemically Separated Charcoal Carbon
Radiocarbon dating of charcoal in soils is commonly used to reconstruct past environmental processes. Also microcharcoal that is chemically isolated from soil organic matter by high-energy UV photo-oxidation can be dated with 14 C accelerator mass spectrometry (AMS). We compared the 14 C AMS ages of 13 pairs of hand-picked macrocharcoals and microcharcoal samples separated via the UV oxidation method; both charcoal fractions were taken from the s…
Holocene fire history of black colluvial soils revealed by pyrolysis-GC/MS: A case study from Campo Lameiro (NW Spain)
Conversion of biomass to charcoal and the carbon mass balance from a slash-and-burn experiment in a temperate deciduous forest
Anthropogenic burning, including slash-and-burn, was deliberately used in (pre)historic Central Europe. Biomass burning has affected the global carbon cycle since, presumably, the early Holocene. The understanding of processes and rates of charcoal formation in temperate deciduous forests is limited, as is the extent of prehistoric human impact on the environment. We took advantage of an experimental burning to simulate Neolithic slash-and-burn, …
Multiproxy Analyses of Stratigraphy and Palaeoenvironment of the Late Palaeolithic Grabow Floodplain Site, Northern Germany
Changing river courses and fluctuations of the water table were some of the most fundamental environmental changes that humans faced during the Late Glacial, particularly as these changes affected areas intensively used for settlement and resource exploitation. Unfortunately, only a few stratigraphies have been documented in the North European plain that show the interaction between river development, vegetation history, and occupation by Late Pa…
Conversion of biomass to charcoal and the carbon mass balance from a slash-and-burn experiment in a temperate deciduous forest
Anthropogenic burning, including slash-and-burn, was deliberately used in (pre)historic Central Europe. Biomass burning has affected the global carbon cycle since, presumably, the early Holocene. The understanding of processes and rates of charcoal formation in temperate deciduous forests is limited, as is the extent of prehistoric human impact on the environment. We took advantage of an experimental burning to simulate Neolithic slash-and-burn, …
Holocene fire history of black colluvial soils revealed by pyrolysis-GC/MS: A case study from Campo Lameiro (NW Spain)
Short-chain n-alkanes (C16–20) in ancient soil are useful molecular markers for prehistoric biomass burning
Conference Participants
The Radiocarbon archives are made available by Radiocarbon and the University of Arizona Libraries. Contact [email protected] for further information
Dating Charred Soil Organic Matter: Comparison of Radiocarbon Ages from Macrocharcoals and Chemically Separated Charcoal Carbon
Radiocarbon dating of charcoal in soils is commonly used to reconstruct past environmental processes. Also microcharcoal that is chemically isolated from soil organic matter by high-energy UV photo-oxidation can be dated with 14 C accelerator mass spectrometry (AMS). We compared the 14 C AMS ages of 13 pairs of hand-picked macrocharcoals and microcharcoal samples separated via the UV oxidation method; both charcoal fractions were taken from the s…
Radiocarbon Concentrations of Wood Ash Calcite: Potential for Dating
Ash is formed when plant calcium oxalate crystals (CaC 2 O 4 ) decompose to form calcite (CaCO 3 ). We found that ash does retain the original calcium oxalate radiocarbon concentration, but in addition, there is another minor 14 C source. This is shown by the presence of a consistent small shift in the pMC and δ 13 C levels when comparing cellulose and ash from modern and archaeological woods. Possible mechanisms for 14 C exchange during combusti…
Multiproxy Analyses of Stratigraphy and Palaeoenvironment of the Late Palaeolithic Grabow Floodplain Site, Northern Germany
Changing river courses and fluctuations of the water table were some of the most fundamental environmental changes that humans faced during the Late Glacial, particularly as these changes affected areas intensively used for settlement and resource exploitation. Unfortunately, only a few stratigraphies have been documented in the North European plain that show the interaction between river development, vegetation history, and occupation by Late Pa…
C Dating of the Early Natufian at El-Wad Terrace, Mount Carmel, Israel: Methodology and Materials Characterization
The Natufian (15–11.5 kyr BP) sites in the southern Levant are characterized by a lack of macrobotanical remains, including charcoal, and poor preservation of bone collagen. As a result, only about 30 reliable radiocarbon dates are available for building a chronology of the Natufian period. Here, we present new 14 C data from the Natufian site of el-Wad terrace that fall in the range of the Early Natufian period. Using Fourier transform infrared …
New 14 C Dates for the Early Natufian of El-Wad Terrace, Mount Carmel, Israel
The Natufian culture of the southern Levant played an integral role in the transition from simple huntergatherers to food-producing societies of the Neolithic, but the major Natufian hamlets are currently poorly dated. Moreover, none of these complex, continuously occupied base camps have delivered an adequate number of dates to enable an in-depth delineation of intra-Natufian developments. This paper presents the first results of our dating prog…
Pedogenetic processes and pedostratigraphy of the Quaternary on the Balearic Islands and in the Granada Basin, Spain
Loess-soil sequence at Toshan (Northern Iran): Insights into late Pleistocene climate change
Динамика процессов опустынивания в Республике Калмыкия с середины 1980-х гг. до настоящего времени
Introduction. In the Republic of Kalmykia, agriculture is characterized by the prevalence of livestock breeding. Still, excessive grazing has resulted in land degradation. Materials. Analysis of buried soils from excavated kurgans reveals that the Late Bronze Age and Late Medieval Period witnessed extensive desertification processes across vast territories of Eastern European steppes. Those trends were determined by global climate aridization tra…
The impact of soil as a natural resource on emerging settlements in the steppes of Eurasia
The article explores the relationship between the development of settlements and their potentially accessible natural resources. Particular emphasis is placed on soil quality as the basis of agricultural practices. Key attention is paid to the study of the Kalmyk steppe between the Black Sea and the Caspian Sea in the early Middle Ages, when the first urban settlements appeared in the region. As a comparative material, we used the results of a st…
Reconstruction of historical forest cover on a 1° grid in central and southeast Europe from AD 1800 to 2000
The natural vegetation has been substantially changed over the last millenium, especially from forest to agricultural areas in Europe. To study the effects of deforestation on carbon and climate system, it is essential to construct spatially precise maps in forest cover. The current representative historical forest data sets are either derivatives of agricultural datasets or are produced based on the deforestation-population relationship. Almost …
Improvement of soil fertility in historical ridge and furrow cultivation
Ridge and furrow cultivation is the most widely used agricultural technique in medieval and postmedieval Europe, but the fertilization of soils during their use is not yet fully understood. Pedological analyses of this cultivation technique provided information, which led to the assumption that some of the investigated sites in Northern and Central Germany were manured with livestock excrements during cultivation. The objective of this study is t…
Geophysical investigation of a Viking Age harbour on the Island of Amrum (DE)
Multimethod (Aerial Photos, Magnetic Gradiometry, FDEMI and GPR) investigations into fist millennium AD settlements on the island of Amrum, finding a Viking Age harbour site
Archaeological and geoarchaeological properties of functional areas at the Upper Paleolithic site of Zaraysk, East European plain
This study investigates the archaeological and geoarchaeological properties of a cultural layer at the Upper Paleolithic site of Zaraysk. We examine the human impact on soil properties within several functional areas using a multiproxy approach including physical, geochemical, and biogeochemical methods. The percentage of organic carbon most likely added by various human activities was estimated by applying a new approach using n -alkane contents…
The sand deposit underneath the Ishtar Temple in Assur, Iraq: Origin and implications for the foundation of the goddess’s cult and sanctuary
First-ever systematic mineralogical investigation of sands from an archaeological context in Iraq. • Sand layer beneath temple's first building phase mirrors a southern Mesopotamian practice for the first time in north. • Sands derive from the Zagros Mountains, located upstream from the Tigris tributary, in the Lesser Zab region. • Implications on Ishtar at Assur, linked to Inana in southern Mesopotamia or the Hurrian deity Shawushka (or Shaushka…
Archaeology and ancient environmental studies (11 works) · Geography (10 works) · Archaeology (9 works) · Geology (9 works) · Paleontology (8 works) · Chemistry (7 works) · Geology and Paleoclimatology Research (7 works) · Ecology (6 works) · Environmental Science (6 works) · Radiocarbon dating (6 works)