Gareth McCray
Biographic Data
| ID | 7357217 |
|---|---|
| NAME | Gareth McCray |
| GIVEN NAMES | Gareth |
| FAMILY NAME | McCray |
| SIGNATURE | MCCRAY G |
| AFFILIATIONS | Keele University |
| ORCID | 0000-0002-0728-5171 |
| VERIFIED | Yes |
| TOTAL WORKS | 15 |
| TOTAL CITATIONS | 0 |
| WORKS AS AUTHOR | 15 |
| WORKS AS EDITOR | 0 |
| FIRST PUBLICATION YEAR | 2018 |
| LATEST PUBLICATION YEAR | 2026 |
| H-INDEX | 0 |
Unequal trajectories? An examination of L2 development in a higher education context in Mexico
Understanding how second language (L2) proficiency develops in instructional settings remains a central concern within applied linguistics. This two-year longitudinal study examines English language development in a higher education context in Mexico, addressing key methodological and empirical gaps. We tracked L2 development—operationalized as changes in the TOEFL ITP® scores—across three time points and examined a wide range of variables, inclu…
GSED Core Model
The diversity of measures used to assess early childhood development complicates comparison across studies, populations, and programs. The Global Scales for Early Development (GSED) address this challenge by providing interoperable long and short forms (GSED-LF and GSED-SF) linked through a shared measurement model to a common developmental metric, the D-score. This article presents an updated GSED core model based on Rasch analysis of data from …
Determining the influence of video-based benchmarking (VBB) on examiner variability in objective structured clinical exams (OSCE)
Introduction Reducing examiner variability in Objective Structured Clinical Exams (OSCEs) is a priority within clinical performance assessment. In contrast to typical OSCE examiner training, video-based benchmarking (VBB) involves examiners scoring videos a/from their specific station b/shortly before the OSCE and then reflecting on and discussing scores/justifications agreed by an expert panel. Whilst realist evaluation has described mechanisms …
Enhancing comparability in early child development assessment with the D-score
The lack of a valid and interpretable score to track early child development over time is a primary reason for neglecting child development in policymaking. Many instruments exist, but there is no accepted method for comparing their scores across different ages, samples, and instruments. This paper aims (1) to enhance the Development Score (D-score), a unidimensional scale for early child development, to compare measurements across ages, samples,…
Inter-school variations in the standard of examiners’ graduation-level OSCE judgements
INTRODUCTION: Ensuring equivalence in high-stakes performance exams is important for patient safety and candidate fairness. We compared inter-school examiner differences within a shared OSCE and resulting impact on students' pass/fail categorisation. METHODS: The same 6 station formative OSCE ran asynchronously in 4 medical schools, with 2 parallel circuits/school. We compared examiners' judgements using Video-based Examiner Score Comparison and …
Development and validation of a short form psychometric tool assessing the caregiving Challenge of Living with Cystic Fibrosis (CLCF-SF) in a child
Objective Caring for a child with cystic fibrosis (CF) is a rigorous daily commitment for caregivers and treatment burden is a major concern. We aimed to develop and validate a short form version of a 46-item tool assessing the Challenge of Living with Cystic Fibrosis (CLCF) for clinical or research use.Design A novel genetic algorithm based on ‘evolving’ a subset of items from a pre-specified set of criteria, was applied to optimise the tool, us…
Predictors of change in early child development among children with stunting
Millions of children under 5 years in low- and middle-income countries fail to attain their development potential with accruing short- and long-term consequences. Low length/height for age (stunting) is known to be a key factor, but there is little data on how child characteristics are linked with developmental changes among children with stunting. We assessed the socioeconomic, household, anthropometric, and clinical predictors of change in earl…
An exploratory analysis of revision behavior development of L2 writers on an intensive English for academic purposes program using Bayesian methods
Revision is a fundamental part of the writing process and is particularly important in the production of high-quality academic writing. This study is an exploratory examination of changes in revision behavior, as measured by keystroke logging software, at the beginning (T1) and end (T2) of a one-month intensive English for Academic Purposes (EAP) course on n = 39 undergraduate and postgraduate students. Bayes Factors (BFs) are utilized as measure…
The creation of the Global Scales for Early Development (GSED) for children aged 0–3 years
INTRODUCTION: With the ratification of the Sustainable Development Goals, there is an increased emphasis on early childhood development (ECD) and well-being. The WHO led Global Scales for Early Development (GSED) project aims to provide population and programmatic level measures of ECD for 0-3 years that are valid, reliable and have psychometrically stable performance across geographical, cultural and language contexts. This paper reports on the …
Development and preliminary validation of the challenges of living with cystic fibrosis (CLCF) questionnaire
OBJECTIVE: Treatments for cystic fibrosis (CF) are complex, labour-intensive, and perceived as highly burdensome by caregivers of children with CF. An instrument assessing burden of care is needed. DESIGN: A stepwise, qualitative design was used to create the CLCF with caregiver focus groups, participant researchers, a multidisciplinary professional panel, and cognitive interviews. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: ). RESULTS: = 0.002). CONCLUSIONS: The CLC…
Determining influence, interaction and causality of contrast and sequence effects in objective structured clinical exams
Measuring the Effect of Examiner Variability in a Multiple-Circuit Objective Structured Clinical Examination (OSCE)
PURPOSE: Ensuring that examiners in different parallel circuits of objective structured clinical examinations (OSCEs) judge to the same standard is critical to the chain of validity. Recent work suggests examiner-cohort (i.e., the particular group of examiners) could significantly alter outcomes for some candidates. Despite this, examiner-cohort effects are rarely examined since fully nested data (i.e., no crossover between the students judged by…
The effect of response order on candidate viewing behaviour and item difficulty in a multiple-choice listening test
Studies from various disciplines have reported that spatial location of options in relation to processing order impacts the ultimate choice of the option. A large number of studies have found a primacy effect, that is, the tendency to prefer the first option. In this paper we report on evidence that position of the key in four-option multiple-choice (MC) listening test items may affect item difficulty and thereby potentially introduce construct-i…
Validation of the Infant and Young Child Development (Iycd) Indicators in Three Countries
The IYCD is a simple-to-use caregiver report tool enabling population level assessment of child development for children aged 0-3 years which performs well across three countries on three continents to provide reliable estimates of young children's developmental status
Investigating the construct measured by banked gap-fill items
This study investigates test-takers’ processing while completing banked gap-fill tasks, designed to test reading proficiency, in order to test theoretically based expectations about the variation in cognitive processes of test-takers across levels of performance. Twenty-eight test-takers’ eye traces on 24 banked gap-fill items (on six tasks) were analysed according to seven online eye-tracking measures representing overall, text and task processi…
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Investigating the construct measured by banked gap-fill items
This study investigates test-takers’ processing while completing banked gap-fill tasks, designed to test reading proficiency, in order to test theoretically based expectations about the variation in cognitive processes of test-takers across levels of performance. Twenty-eight test-takers’ eye traces on 24 banked gap-fill items (on six tasks) were analysed according to seven online eye-tracking measures representing overall, text and task processi…
Measuring the Effect of Examiner Variability in a Multiple-Circuit Objective Structured Clinical Examination (OSCE)
PURPOSE: Ensuring that examiners in different parallel circuits of objective structured clinical examinations (OSCEs) judge to the same standard is critical to the chain of validity. Recent work suggests examiner-cohort (i.e., the particular group of examiners) could significantly alter outcomes for some candidates. Despite this, examiner-cohort effects are rarely examined since fully nested data (i.e., no crossover between the students judged by…
The effect of response order on candidate viewing behaviour and item difficulty in a multiple-choice listening test
Studies from various disciplines have reported that spatial location of options in relation to processing order impacts the ultimate choice of the option. A large number of studies have found a primacy effect, that is, the tendency to prefer the first option. In this paper we report on evidence that position of the key in four-option multiple-choice (MC) listening test items may affect item difficulty and thereby potentially introduce construct-i…
Validation of the Infant and Young Child Development (Iycd) Indicators in Three Countries
The IYCD is a simple-to-use caregiver report tool enabling population level assessment of child development for children aged 0-3 years which performs well across three countries on three continents to provide reliable estimates of young children's developmental status
Determining influence, interaction and causality of contrast and sequence effects in objective structured clinical exams
An exploratory analysis of revision behavior development of L2 writers on an intensive English for academic purposes program using Bayesian methods
Revision is a fundamental part of the writing process and is particularly important in the production of high-quality academic writing. This study is an exploratory examination of changes in revision behavior, as measured by keystroke logging software, at the beginning (T1) and end (T2) of a one-month intensive English for Academic Purposes (EAP) course on n = 39 undergraduate and postgraduate students. Bayes Factors (BFs) are utilized as measure…
The creation of the Global Scales for Early Development (GSED) for children aged 0–3 years
INTRODUCTION: With the ratification of the Sustainable Development Goals, there is an increased emphasis on early childhood development (ECD) and well-being. The WHO led Global Scales for Early Development (GSED) project aims to provide population and programmatic level measures of ECD for 0-3 years that are valid, reliable and have psychometrically stable performance across geographical, cultural and language contexts. This paper reports on the …
Development and preliminary validation of the challenges of living with cystic fibrosis (CLCF) questionnaire
OBJECTIVE: Treatments for cystic fibrosis (CF) are complex, labour-intensive, and perceived as highly burdensome by caregivers of children with CF. An instrument assessing burden of care is needed. DESIGN: A stepwise, qualitative design was used to create the CLCF with caregiver focus groups, participant researchers, a multidisciplinary professional panel, and cognitive interviews. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: ). RESULTS: = 0.002). CONCLUSIONS: The CLC…
Predictors of change in early child development among children with stunting
Millions of children under 5 years in low- and middle-income countries fail to attain their development potential with accruing short- and long-term consequences. Low length/height for age (stunting) is known to be a key factor, but there is little data on how child characteristics are linked with developmental changes among children with stunting. We assessed the socioeconomic, household, anthropometric, and clinical predictors of change in earl…
Enhancing comparability in early child development assessment with the D-score
The lack of a valid and interpretable score to track early child development over time is a primary reason for neglecting child development in policymaking. Many instruments exist, but there is no accepted method for comparing their scores across different ages, samples, and instruments. This paper aims (1) to enhance the Development Score (D-score), a unidimensional scale for early child development, to compare measurements across ages, samples,…
Inter-school variations in the standard of examiners’ graduation-level OSCE judgements
INTRODUCTION: Ensuring equivalence in high-stakes performance exams is important for patient safety and candidate fairness. We compared inter-school examiner differences within a shared OSCE and resulting impact on students' pass/fail categorisation. METHODS: The same 6 station formative OSCE ran asynchronously in 4 medical schools, with 2 parallel circuits/school. We compared examiners' judgements using Video-based Examiner Score Comparison and …
Development and validation of a short form psychometric tool assessing the caregiving Challenge of Living with Cystic Fibrosis (CLCF-SF) in a child
Objective Caring for a child with cystic fibrosis (CF) is a rigorous daily commitment for caregivers and treatment burden is a major concern. We aimed to develop and validate a short form version of a 46-item tool assessing the Challenge of Living with Cystic Fibrosis (CLCF) for clinical or research use.Design A novel genetic algorithm based on ‘evolving’ a subset of items from a pre-specified set of criteria, was applied to optimise the tool, us…
Unequal trajectories? An examination of L2 development in a higher education context in Mexico
Understanding how second language (L2) proficiency develops in instructional settings remains a central concern within applied linguistics. This two-year longitudinal study examines English language development in a higher education context in Mexico, addressing key methodological and empirical gaps. We tracked L2 development—operationalized as changes in the TOEFL ITP® scores—across three time points and examined a wide range of variables, inclu…
GSED Core Model
The diversity of measures used to assess early childhood development complicates comparison across studies, populations, and programs. The Global Scales for Early Development (GSED) address this challenge by providing interoperable long and short forms (GSED-LF and GSED-SF) linked through a shared measurement model to a common developmental metric, the D-score. This article presents an updated GSED core model based on Rasch analysis of data from …
Determining the influence of video-based benchmarking (VBB) on examiner variability in objective structured clinical exams (OSCE)
Introduction Reducing examiner variability in Objective Structured Clinical Exams (OSCEs) is a priority within clinical performance assessment. In contrast to typical OSCE examiner training, video-based benchmarking (VBB) involves examiners scoring videos a/from their specific station b/shortly before the OSCE and then reflecting on and discussing scores/justifications agreed by an expert panel. Whilst realist evaluation has described mechanisms …
Psychology (11 works) · Medicine (8 works) · Computer Science (5 works) · Psychometrics (5 works) · Artificial Intelligence (4 works) · Developmental psychology (4 works) · Early Childhood Education and Development (4 works) · Child Nutrition and Water Access (3 works) · Family and Disability Support Research (3 works) · Infant Development and Preterm Care (3 works)