Olaf Jöris
Biographic Data
| ID | 74183 |
|---|---|
| NAME | Olaf Jöris |
| GIVEN NAMES | Olaf |
| FAMILY NAME | Jöris |
| SIGNATURE | JÖRIS O |
| AFFILIATIONS | LEIZA - Leibniz-Zentrum für Archäologie |
| ORCID | 0000-0002-6360-5096 |
| VERIFIED | Yes |
| TOTAL WORKS | 26 |
| TOTAL CITATIONS | 311 |
| AUTHOR COUNT | 25 |
| EDITOR COUNT | 1 |
| FIRST PUBLICATION YEAR | 1996 |
| LATEST PUBLICATION YEAR | 2026 |
| H-INDEX | 8 |
Tracing individuality and hand preference in Upper Palaeolithic engraving: Experimental and Traceological Insights
In the context of Palaeolithic archaeology, identifying traits of individual creators of prehistoric art remains a formidable challenge. This study introduces innovative traceological methods employed to analyze engraved stone plaquettes from the 15,800-year-old Late Upper Palaeolithic site of Gönnersdorf, Germany. Utilizing advanced techniques such as confocal microscopy, alongside manual and robotic experimentation, we investigate the hand pref…
Bifacially backed knives (Keilmesser) in the Central European Middle Palaeolithic
Bifacially backed cutting tools (Keilmesser) are known from different European Middle Paleolithic inventories. However, this specific tool type is both so characteristic of and so frequent within Central and Eastern European late Middle Paleolithic bifacial assemblages that are generally classed together as "Micoquian" that they should more appropriately be described by the term “Keilmessergruppen" (KMG). The present paper summarizes the morpholo…
The Late and Final Middle Palaeolithic of Central Europe and Its Contributions to the Formation of the Regional Upper Palaeolithic: A Review and a Synthesis
For decades, the relationship of pre-modern hominins to anatomically modern humans (AMH) and the transition from mode 3 to mode 4 industries remain topics of ongoing scientific debate. Over the last 20 years, different disciplines have added new data and much detail to these questions, highlighting the demographic and social and cultural complexity underlaying these major changes or turnovers in human evolution. As with most other regions outside…
Learning Among Neanderthals and Palaeolithic Modern Humans: Archaeological Evidence
Learning Among Neanderthals and Palaeolithic Modern Humans: Archaeological Evidence
Evidence for Neanderthal Hand Preferences from the Late Middle Palaeolithic Site of Buhlen, Germany: Insights into Neanderthal Learning Behaviour
Learning Behaviors Among Neanderthals and Palaeolithic Modern Humans: An Introduction
Quantum theory of radiocarbon calibration
The calibration of radiocarbon measurements is based on a number of mathematical assumptions that are rarely considered by users of the various available calibration programs. As 14C ages take on mathematical properties best known from quantum physics, a quantum theoretical approach provides a useful basis to evaluate the reliability of processes of calibration and Bayesian modelling of radiocarbon datasets. We undertake such an evaluation here t…
Early Palaeolithic Europe
Life in Early Palaeolithic Europe was significantly different from that in the Upper Palaeolithic after the first Anatomically Modern Humans had entered the continent. For almost two million years the continent had been occupied by hominins different from us. These ancestral populations adapted to, and learned to cope with, entirely different climatic and environmental conditions within Europe’s constantly changing geography. The hominins establi…
Early Levallois technology and the Lower to Middle Paleolithic transition in the Southern Caucasus
An early assemblage of obsidian artifacts Levallois technology is the name for the stone knapping technique used to create tools thousands of years ago. The technique appeared in the archeological record across Eurasia 200 to 300 thousand years ago (ka) and appeared earlier in Africa. Adler et al. challenge the hypothesis that the technique's appearance in Eurasia was the result of the expansion of hominins from Africa. Levallois obsidian artifac…
Magdalenian settlement in the German Rhineland – An update
Radiocarbon Dating the Middle to Upper Palaeolithic Transition: The Demise of the Last Neanderthals and the First Appearance of Anatomically Modern Humans in Europe
Concepts of probability in radiocarbon analysis
In this paper we explore the meaning of the word probability, not in general terms, but restricted to the field of radiocarbon dating, where it has the meaning of ‘dating probability assigned to calibrated 14C-ages’. The intention of our study is to improve our understanding of certain properties of radiocarbon dates, which – although mathematically abstract – are fundamental both for the construction of age models in prehistoric archaeology, as …
The Impact of Rapid Climate Change on Prehistoric Societies during the Holocene in the Eastern Mediterranean
In this paper we explore the impact of Rapid Climate Change (RCC) on prehistoric communities in the Eastern Mediterranean during the Early and Middle Holocene. Our focus is on the social implications of the four major climate cold anomalies that have recently been identified as key time-windows for global RCC (Mayewski et al. 2004). These cooling anomalies are well-dated, with Greenland ice-core resolution, due to synchronicity between warm/cold …
Setting the record straight: Toward a systematic chronological understanding of the Middle to Upper Paleolithic boundary in Eurasia
A 14C age calibration curve for the last 60 ka: The Greenland-Hulu U/Th timescale and its impact on understanding the Middle to Upper Paleolithic transition in Western Eurasia
At the end of the 14C time scale—the Middle to Upper Paleolithic record of western Eurasia
The catastrophic final flooding of Doggerland by the Storegga Slide tsunami
Around 8200 calBP, large parts of the now submerged North Sea continental shelf ('Doggerland') were catastrophically flooded by the Storegga Slide tsunami, one of the largest tsunamis known for the Holocene, which was generated on the Norwegian coastal margin by a submarine landslide. In the present paper, we derive a precise calendric date for the Storegga Slide tsunami, use this date for reconstruction of contemporary coastlines in the North Se…
Climate Forcing Due to the 8200 Cal yr BP Event Observed at Early Neolithic Sites in the Eastern Mediterranean
We explore the hypothesis that the abrupt drainage of Laurentide lakes and associated rapid switch of the North Atlantic thermohaline circulation 8200 yr ago had a catastrophic influence on Neolithic civilisation in large parts of southeastern Europe, Anatolia, Cyprus, and the Near East. The event at 8200 cal yr BP is observed in a large number of high-resolution climate proxies in the Northern Hemisphere, and in many cases corresponds to markedl…
L'occupation du bassin de Neuwied (Rhénanie centrale, Allemagne) par les Magdaléniens et les groupes à Federmesser (aziliens)
Schaaffhausen’s initial excavation, two large Magdalenian sites •Andernach and Gönnersdorf •as well as six Federmesser sites are known from the Central Rhineland. The latter are Andernach (upper find horizon), Boppard, Niederbieber (the most extensive of these sites), Kettig and Urbar, all of which pre-date the Laacher See eruption, and Bad Breisig, post-dating this event. Furthermore, repeated discoveries of isolated hearths show human activitie…
La transición del Paleolítico Medio al Superior en el Suroeste de Europa en base a las dataciones radiocarbónicas
Se presenta un estudio sistemático sobre la información radiometrica disponible para la transición Paleolítico Medio-Paleolítico Superior en el Suroeste de Europa. Los diferentes modelos para explicar el proceso demográfico que subyace en esta transición dependen en gran medida de la cronología radiocarbónica. Se observa que: 1) a mayor antiguedad las fechas sobre hueso muestran una mayor desvisación frente a las muestras sobre carbón, a menudo i…
Impact of the Late Glacial Eruption of the Laacher See Volcano, Central Rhineland, Germany
Within a period of a few weeks toward the end of the Allerød Interstadial, the major Plinian eruption of the Laacher See volcano produced some 20 km 3 of eruptiva, covering and preserving the late-glacial landscape in the German Central Rhineland over an area of more than 1000 km 2 . Correlation of terrestrial archives with the Greenland ice-core records and improved calibration of the radiocarbon timescale permit a precise, accurate age determin…
Entre le Nord et le Sud—un site à pointes à dos de la fin de l’Allerød: Bad Breisig, district de Ahrweiler (vallée moyenne du Rhin, RFA)
Final Paleolithic and Mesolithic Research in Reunified Germany
Extension of the 14 C Calibration Curve to ca . 40,000 Cal BC by Synchronizing Greenland 18 0/ 16 O Ice Core Records and North Atlantic Foraminifera Profiles: A Comparison with U/Th Coral Data
For a better understanding of pre-Holocene cultural history, archaeologists are in need of an absolute time scale that can be confirmed and duplicated by different dating methods. Proxy data available from archaeological sites do not, in themselves, allow much reflection on absolute age. Even when founded on supporting radiocarbon data, Paleolithic chronologies that are beyond the actual limits of 14 C calibration still remain relative ones, and …
At the end of the 14C time scale—the Middle to Upper Paleolithic record of western Eurasia
La transición del Paleolítico Medio al Superior en el Suroeste de Europa en base a las dataciones radiocarbónicas
Se presenta un estudio sistemático sobre la información radiometrica disponible para la transición Paleolítico Medio-Paleolítico Superior en el Suroeste de Europa. Los diferentes modelos para explicar el proceso demográfico que subyace en esta transición dependen en gran medida de la cronología radiocarbónica. Se observa que: 1) a mayor antiguedad las fechas sobre hueso muestran una mayor desvisación frente a las muestras sobre carbón, a menudo i…
Quantum theory of radiocarbon calibration
The calibration of radiocarbon measurements is based on a number of mathematical assumptions that are rarely considered by users of the various available calibration programs. As 14C ages take on mathematical properties best known from quantum physics, a quantum theoretical approach provides a useful basis to evaluate the reliability of processes of calibration and Bayesian modelling of radiocarbon datasets. We undertake such an evaluation here t…
A 14C age calibration curve for the last 60 ka: The Greenland-Hulu U/Th timescale and its impact on understanding the Middle to Upper Paleolithic transition in Western Eurasia
Final Paleolithic and Mesolithic Research in Reunified Germany
Magdalenian settlement in the German Rhineland – An update
L'occupation du bassin de Neuwied (Rhénanie centrale, Allemagne) par les Magdaléniens et les groupes à Federmesser (aziliens)
Schaaffhausen’s initial excavation, two large Magdalenian sites •Andernach and Gönnersdorf •as well as six Federmesser sites are known from the Central Rhineland. The latter are Andernach (upper find horizon), Boppard, Niederbieber (the most extensive of these sites), Kettig and Urbar, all of which pre-date the Laacher See eruption, and Bad Breisig, post-dating this event. Furthermore, repeated discoveries of isolated hearths show human activitie…
Setting the record straight: Toward a systematic chronological understanding of the Middle to Upper Paleolithic boundary in Eurasia
Report: Summary of the Workshop “Aspects of High-Precision Radiocarbon Calibration”
Recently, in an intercomparison of the Hohenheim German oak chronology (Becker 1993) and the Göttingen chronology (Leuschner and Delorme 1988), an error was discovered in the former (Leuschner, in preparation). Due to an error in adding sections at 5241 bc, 41 yr are missing in the published Hohenheim chronology. After correction of the error, the two chronologies synchronize over their entire common length, back to 7200 bc
The catastrophic final flooding of Doggerland by the Storegga Slide tsunami
Around 8200 calBP, large parts of the now submerged North Sea continental shelf ('Doggerland') were catastrophically flooded by the Storegga Slide tsunami, one of the largest tsunamis known for the Holocene, which was generated on the Norwegian coastal margin by a submarine landslide. In the present paper, we derive a precise calendric date for the Storegga Slide tsunami, use this date for reconstruction of contemporary coastlines in the North Se…
Report: Summary of the Workshop “Aspects of High-Precision Radiocarbon Calibration”
Recently, in an intercomparison of the Hohenheim German oak chronology (Becker 1993) and the Göttingen chronology (Leuschner and Delorme 1988), an error was discovered in the former (Leuschner, in preparation). Due to an error in adding sections at 5241 bc, 41 yr are missing in the published Hohenheim chronology. After correction of the error, the two chronologies synchronize over their entire common length, back to 7200 bc
Extension of the 14 C Calibration Curve to ca . 40,000 Cal BC by Synchronizing Greenland 18 0/ 16 O Ice Core Records and North Atlantic Foraminifera Profiles: A Comparison with U/Th Coral Data
For a better understanding of pre-Holocene cultural history, archaeologists are in need of an absolute time scale that can be confirmed and duplicated by different dating methods. Proxy data available from archaeological sites do not, in themselves, allow much reflection on absolute age. Even when founded on supporting radiocarbon data, Paleolithic chronologies that are beyond the actual limits of 14 C calibration still remain relative ones, and …
Final Paleolithic and Mesolithic Research in Reunified Germany
Impact of the Late Glacial Eruption of the Laacher See Volcano, Central Rhineland, Germany
Within a period of a few weeks toward the end of the Allerød Interstadial, the major Plinian eruption of the Laacher See volcano produced some 20 km 3 of eruptiva, covering and preserving the late-glacial landscape in the German Central Rhineland over an area of more than 1000 km 2 . Correlation of terrestrial archives with the Greenland ice-core records and improved calibration of the radiocarbon timescale permit a precise, accurate age determin…
Entre le Nord et le Sud—un site à pointes à dos de la fin de l’Allerød: Bad Breisig, district de Ahrweiler (vallée moyenne du Rhin, RFA)
La transición del Paleolítico Medio al Superior en el Suroeste de Europa en base a las dataciones radiocarbónicas
Se presenta un estudio sistemático sobre la información radiometrica disponible para la transición Paleolítico Medio-Paleolítico Superior en el Suroeste de Europa. Los diferentes modelos para explicar el proceso demográfico que subyace en esta transición dependen en gran medida de la cronología radiocarbónica. Se observa que: 1) a mayor antiguedad las fechas sobre hueso muestran una mayor desvisación frente a las muestras sobre carbón, a menudo i…
Climate Forcing Due to the 8200 Cal yr BP Event Observed at Early Neolithic Sites in the Eastern Mediterranean
We explore the hypothesis that the abrupt drainage of Laurentide lakes and associated rapid switch of the North Atlantic thermohaline circulation 8200 yr ago had a catastrophic influence on Neolithic civilisation in large parts of southeastern Europe, Anatolia, Cyprus, and the Near East. The event at 8200 cal yr BP is observed in a large number of high-resolution climate proxies in the Northern Hemisphere, and in many cases corresponds to markedl…
L'occupation du bassin de Neuwied (Rhénanie centrale, Allemagne) par les Magdaléniens et les groupes à Federmesser (aziliens)
Schaaffhausen’s initial excavation, two large Magdalenian sites •Andernach and Gönnersdorf •as well as six Federmesser sites are known from the Central Rhineland. The latter are Andernach (upper find horizon), Boppard, Niederbieber (the most extensive of these sites), Kettig and Urbar, all of which pre-date the Laacher See eruption, and Bad Breisig, post-dating this event. Furthermore, repeated discoveries of isolated hearths show human activitie…
Setting the record straight: Toward a systematic chronological understanding of the Middle to Upper Paleolithic boundary in Eurasia
A 14C age calibration curve for the last 60 ka: The Greenland-Hulu U/Th timescale and its impact on understanding the Middle to Upper Paleolithic transition in Western Eurasia
At the end of the 14C time scale—the Middle to Upper Paleolithic record of western Eurasia
The catastrophic final flooding of Doggerland by the Storegga Slide tsunami
Around 8200 calBP, large parts of the now submerged North Sea continental shelf ('Doggerland') were catastrophically flooded by the Storegga Slide tsunami, one of the largest tsunamis known for the Holocene, which was generated on the Norwegian coastal margin by a submarine landslide. In the present paper, we derive a precise calendric date for the Storegga Slide tsunami, use this date for reconstruction of contemporary coastlines in the North Se…
The Impact of Rapid Climate Change on Prehistoric Societies during the Holocene in the Eastern Mediterranean
In this paper we explore the impact of Rapid Climate Change (RCC) on prehistoric communities in the Eastern Mediterranean during the Early and Middle Holocene. Our focus is on the social implications of the four major climate cold anomalies that have recently been identified as key time-windows for global RCC (Mayewski et al. 2004). These cooling anomalies are well-dated, with Greenland ice-core resolution, due to synchronicity between warm/cold …
Radiocarbon Dating the Middle to Upper Palaeolithic Transition: The Demise of the Last Neanderthals and the First Appearance of Anatomically Modern Humans in Europe
Concepts of probability in radiocarbon analysis
In this paper we explore the meaning of the word probability, not in general terms, but restricted to the field of radiocarbon dating, where it has the meaning of ‘dating probability assigned to calibrated 14C-ages’. The intention of our study is to improve our understanding of certain properties of radiocarbon dates, which – although mathematically abstract – are fundamental both for the construction of age models in prehistoric archaeology, as …
Magdalenian settlement in the German Rhineland – An update
Early Palaeolithic Europe
Life in Early Palaeolithic Europe was significantly different from that in the Upper Palaeolithic after the first Anatomically Modern Humans had entered the continent. For almost two million years the continent had been occupied by hominins different from us. These ancestral populations adapted to, and learned to cope with, entirely different climatic and environmental conditions within Europe’s constantly changing geography. The hominins establi…
Early Levallois technology and the Lower to Middle Paleolithic transition in the Southern Caucasus
An early assemblage of obsidian artifacts Levallois technology is the name for the stone knapping technique used to create tools thousands of years ago. The technique appeared in the archeological record across Eurasia 200 to 300 thousand years ago (ka) and appeared earlier in Africa. Adler et al. challenge the hypothesis that the technique's appearance in Eurasia was the result of the expansion of hominins from Africa. Levallois obsidian artifac…
Quantum theory of radiocarbon calibration
The calibration of radiocarbon measurements is based on a number of mathematical assumptions that are rarely considered by users of the various available calibration programs. As 14C ages take on mathematical properties best known from quantum physics, a quantum theoretical approach provides a useful basis to evaluate the reliability of processes of calibration and Bayesian modelling of radiocarbon datasets. We undertake such an evaluation here t…
Learning Among Neanderthals and Palaeolithic Modern Humans: Archaeological Evidence
Learning Among Neanderthals and Palaeolithic Modern Humans: Archaeological Evidence
Evidence for Neanderthal Hand Preferences from the Late Middle Palaeolithic Site of Buhlen, Germany: Insights into Neanderthal Learning Behaviour
Learning Behaviors Among Neanderthals and Palaeolithic Modern Humans: An Introduction
The Late and Final Middle Palaeolithic of Central Europe and Its Contributions to the Formation of the Regional Upper Palaeolithic: A Review and a Synthesis
For decades, the relationship of pre-modern hominins to anatomically modern humans (AMH) and the transition from mode 3 to mode 4 industries remain topics of ongoing scientific debate. Over the last 20 years, different disciplines have added new data and much detail to these questions, highlighting the demographic and social and cultural complexity underlaying these major changes or turnovers in human evolution. As with most other regions outside…
Bifacially backed knives (Keilmesser) in the Central European Middle Palaeolithic
Bifacially backed cutting tools (Keilmesser) are known from different European Middle Paleolithic inventories. However, this specific tool type is both so characteristic of and so frequent within Central and Eastern European late Middle Paleolithic bifacial assemblages that are generally classed together as "Micoquian" that they should more appropriately be described by the term “Keilmessergruppen" (KMG). The present paper summarizes the morpholo…
Archaeology (24 works) · Geography (22 works) · Pleistocene-Era Hominins and Archaeology (21 works) · Archaeology and ancient environmental studies (18 works) · Geology and Paleoclimatology Research (11 works) · Geology (10 works) · Radiocarbon dating (9 works) · Geology (7 works) · History (7 works) · Paleontology (7 works)