N C Tappen
Biographic Data
| ID | 74869 |
|---|---|
| NAME | N C Tappen |
| GIVEN NAMES | N C |
| FAMILY NAME | Tappen |
| SIGNATURE | TAPPEN N C |
| AFFILIATIONS | University of Wisconsin–Milwaukee |
| VERIFIED | No |
| TOTAL WORKS | 34 |
| TOTAL CITATIONS | 217 |
| AUTHOR COUNT | 34 |
| EDITOR COUNT | 0 |
| FIRST PUBLICATION YEAR | 1950 |
| LATEST PUBLICATION YEAR | 1992 |
| H-INDEX | 9 |
Piltdown: An Appraisal of the Case against Sir Arthur Keith [and Comments and Reply]
The Functional Significance of Neandertal Pubic Length [and Comments and Reply]
The dentition of the “old man” of La Chapelle‐aux‐Saints and inferences concerning Neandertal behavior
It has been suggested that the fossil Neandertal from La Chapelle‐aux‐Saints was so toothless that he would have had to have his food pre‐chewed or otherwise prepared for him. This has also led to the inference that a high level of altruistic social behavior was characteristic of Neandertals. This appears to be in keeping with a current trend among anthropologists to upgrade the cultural and evolutionary status of Neandertals. Close examination o…
The Shanidar Neandertals
The development of the vermiculate pattern in the brow region of crania from Indian Knoll, Kentucky
A convoluted brow surface consisting of fine ridges, grooves, and depressions, first identified in ancient fossil hominids and termed the vermiculate pattern (VP), is often low in frequency and of moderate rugosity in crania of anatomically modern human populations. Burials at Indian Knoll, Kentucky, constitute an excellent series for study of the development of the VP, since cranial surfaces are usually well preserved, there are hundreds of imma…
Physical Anthropology: American Journal of Primatology, Vol. 1 , 1. J. Erwin , ed
The vermiculate surface pattern in brow ridges of Australopithecines and other very ancient hominids
A convoluted surface pattern of fine ridges, pits, and grooves characterized the brow ridges of Australopithecines and other very ancient fossil hominids. This vermiculate configuration terminated rather abruptly just below the fronto‐zygomatic suture in Australopithecines. It was resistant to oriented cracking from weathering or fractures, contrasting with the smooth but structurally oriented zygomatic bone adjacent to it. The pattern apparently…
Studies on the condition and structure of bone of the Saldanha fossil cranium
The external surface of the Saldanha cranium shows extensive exfoliation and cracking. In a few places remnants of the probable original bone surfaces can be observed. These are orange‐brown in color, contrasting with the nearly white color of exposed deeper layers, and are subdivided into small segments with pits in their centers. Causes of the color differences are uncertain but merit investigation. The surface cracking and exfoliation probably…
Physical Anthropology: Physical Anthropology and Workbook in Physical Anthropology . Philip S. Stein and Bruce M. Rowe
The vermiculate surface pattern of brow ridges in Neandertal and modern crania
A convoluted surface pattern of ridges and grooves characterizes the frontal torus in adult Neandertal fossils. Modern human skulls rarely have the pattern well developed. It is not observed in postcranial bones, nor in skulls of Neandertal children. This vermiculate bone is resistant to oriented cracking from weathering or fractures. Structural characteristics of the bone give evidence on the problem of the function of hominid brow ridges
Advanced weathering cracks as an improvement on split‐line preparations for analysis of structural orientation in compact bone
Weathering cracks have been demonstrated to be equivalent to split‐lines in compact bone. The amount of cracking becomes more extensive with time. Advanced weathering cracks have the potential for giving more complete information on orientation patterns than split‐lines. They can also be superior in accuracy and objectivity of results obtained, in preserving the original condition of the bone, and in elimination of much of the work involved in ma…
Structure of bone in the skulls of Neanderthal fossils
Close inspection of surface bone in skulls of Neanderthal man reveals weathering cracks extensive enough in one specimen, La Chapelle‐aux‐Saints, to allow preliminary analysis of major patterns of orientation and to make inferences about functional relationships of structures. The fine structure of the bone of the brow ridges is very different from the rest of the skull in the two adults examined, having a peculiar vermiculate surface pattern. We…
Physical Anthropology: Einführung in die Primatenkunde. FRIDERUN Ankel
Two orientational features of compact bone as predictors of split‐line patterns
Ways of determining orientation patterns in compact bone are needed for specimens which are not available for split‐line analysis. Weathering cracks have been shown to be essentially identical in orientation to split‐lines, but they are more often than not absent or very few in number. Two other features of compact bone which promise to extend the range of orientational analysis are illustrated and described. These are (1) red or brown lines near…
Papers in African Prehistory
1. The prehistoric origins of African culture J. Desmond Clark 2. The spread of food production in sub-Saharan Africa J. Desmond Clark 3. Primary cradles of agriculture in the African continent Rolan Portres 4. Speculations on the economic prehistory of Africa Christopher Wrigley 5. Aspects of the evolution and ecology of tsetse flies and trypanosomiasis in the prehistoric African environment Frank L. Lambrecht 6. Concepts of race in the historio…
Main patterns and individual differences in baboon skull split‐lines and theories of causes of split‐line orientation in bone
Split‐line patterns are reported in skulls of five adult male baboons. While variations in pattern occur in all parts of the skull, these variations are relatively minor in the following regions: supraorbital, lateral orbital, medial orbital, nasal bones, zygomatico‐alveolar crest, nasal opening, alveolar process of maxilla and mandible. Wide differences in pattern occur in these regions: infraorbital, zygomatic bone, body of maxilla, and frontal…
Weathering Cracks and Split-Line Patterns in Archaeological Bone
Post mortem cracks in bone produced by action of weather or other agencies which cause shrinkage have been shown to be oriented in the same direction as split-lines produced by decalcification and punctures with a needle. Archaeological bone also shows split-lines parallel to weathering cracks in cases where preservation of the collagenous matrix is good. Limb bones of birds tend to have better preservation than mammal bones in the Lasley's Point…
Microscopic Examination of Human Femurs Buried at Washington Island, Wisconsin
Shafts of human femurs from burials on Washington Island, Wisconsin dated ca. A.D. 200 were in good enough condition to allow decalcification, microscopic sectioning and routine staining. Many histological features of the bone are retained. Such procedures are less laborious than grinding undecalcified sections, allow three-dimensional observation of serial sections, and offer possible uses in age determinations of skeletons and paleopathology. T…
On Hemmer's New View of Human Evolution
The relationship of weathering cracks to split‐line orientation in bone
The essential identity of weathering cracks and split‐lines is demonstrated experimentally. Innominate bones, left in the open to weather, developed cracks similar to the split‐line orientation typically observed in the same region. These bones were decalcified and intermittent split‐lines prepared along their course. The orientation of the split‐lines always corresponds to the weathering splits. The same results were obtained with bird and mamma…
Primate Skull Collections in Some European Museums
An Atlas and Dissection Manual of Rhesus Monkey Anatomy. O rville M. B erringer , jr., Freddie M. Browning, and Charles R. Schroeder
Physical Anthropology: Human Evolution: An Introduction to Man's Adaptations. B ernard G. C ampbell
The Monkeys of Mysore . Filmed in 1963 by P aul E. S imonds
Primatologia: Handbook of primatology. Edited by H. Hofer, A. H. Schultz and D. Starck
The Functional Significance of Neandertal Pubic Length [and Comments and Reply]
Problems of Distribution and Adaptation of the African Monkeys
The dentition of the “old man” of La Chapelle‐aux‐Saints and inferences concerning Neandertal behavior
It has been suggested that the fossil Neandertal from La Chapelle‐aux‐Saints was so toothless that he would have had to have his food pre‐chewed or otherwise prepared for him. This has also led to the inference that a high level of altruistic social behavior was characteristic of Neandertals. This appears to be in keeping with a current trend among anthropologists to upgrade the cultural and evolutionary status of Neandertals. Close examination o…
Piltdown: An Appraisal of the Case against Sir Arthur Keith [and Comments and Reply]
The relationship of weathering cracks to split‐line orientation in bone
The essential identity of weathering cracks and split‐lines is demonstrated experimentally. Innominate bones, left in the open to weather, developed cracks similar to the split‐line orientation typically observed in the same region. These bones were decalcified and intermittent split‐lines prepared along their course. The orientation of the split‐lines always corresponds to the weathering splits. The same results were obtained with bird and mamma…
The vermiculate surface pattern of brow ridges in Neandertal and modern crania
A convoluted surface pattern of ridges and grooves characterizes the frontal torus in adult Neandertal fossils. Modern human skulls rarely have the pattern well developed. It is not observed in postcranial bones, nor in skulls of Neandertal children. This vermiculate bone is resistant to oriented cracking from weathering or fractures. Structural characteristics of the bone give evidence on the problem of the function of hominid brow ridges
A functional analysis of the facial skeleton with split‐line technique
Structure of bone in the skulls of Neanderthal fossils
Close inspection of surface bone in skulls of Neanderthal man reveals weathering cracks extensive enough in one specimen, La Chapelle‐aux‐Saints, to allow preliminary analysis of major patterns of orientation and to make inferences about functional relationships of structures. The fine structure of the bone of the brow ridges is very different from the rest of the skull in the two adults examined, having a peculiar vermiculate surface pattern. We…
Weathering Cracks and Split-Line Patterns in Archaeological Bone
Post mortem cracks in bone produced by action of weather or other agencies which cause shrinkage have been shown to be oriented in the same direction as split-lines produced by decalcification and punctures with a needle. Archaeological bone also shows split-lines parallel to weathering cracks in cases where preservation of the collagenous matrix is good. Limb bones of birds tend to have better preservation than mammal bones in the Lasley's Point…
Papers in African Prehistory
1. The prehistoric origins of African culture J. Desmond Clark 2. The spread of food production in sub-Saharan Africa J. Desmond Clark 3. Primary cradles of agriculture in the African continent Rolan Portres 4. Speculations on the economic prehistory of Africa Christopher Wrigley 5. Aspects of the evolution and ecology of tsetse flies and trypanosomiasis in the prehistoric African environment Frank L. Lambrecht 6. Concepts of race in the historio…
A comparison of split‐line patterns in the skulls of a juvenile and an adult male gorilla
An examination of alternative explanations of split‐line orientation in compact bone
The vermiculate surface pattern in brow ridges of Australopithecines and other very ancient hominids
A convoluted surface pattern of fine ridges, pits, and grooves characterized the brow ridges of Australopithecines and other very ancient fossil hominids. This vermiculate configuration terminated rather abruptly just below the fronto‐zygomatic suture in Australopithecines. It was resistant to oriented cracking from weathering or fractures, contrasting with the smooth but structurally oriented zygomatic bone adjacent to it. The pattern apparently…
Two orientational features of compact bone as predictors of split‐line patterns
Ways of determining orientation patterns in compact bone are needed for specimens which are not available for split‐line analysis. Weathering cracks have been shown to be essentially identical in orientation to split‐lines, but they are more often than not absent or very few in number. Two other features of compact bone which promise to extend the range of orientational analysis are illustrated and described. These are (1) red or brown lines near…
Studies on the condition and structure of bone of the Saldanha fossil cranium
The external surface of the Saldanha cranium shows extensive exfoliation and cracking. In a few places remnants of the probable original bone surfaces can be observed. These are orange‐brown in color, contrasting with the nearly white color of exposed deeper layers, and are subdivided into small segments with pits in their centers. Causes of the color differences are uncertain but merit investigation. The surface cracking and exfoliation probably…
Advanced weathering cracks as an improvement on split‐line preparations for analysis of structural orientation in compact bone
Weathering cracks have been demonstrated to be equivalent to split‐lines in compact bone. The amount of cracking becomes more extensive with time. Advanced weathering cracks have the potential for giving more complete information on orientation patterns than split‐lines. They can also be superior in accuracy and objectivity of results obtained, in preserving the original condition of the bone, and in elimination of much of the work involved in ma…
Split‐line patterns in a series of skulls of infant, juvenile and adult gorillas
An anthropometric and constitutional study of championship weight lifters
Main patterns and individual differences in baboon skull split‐lines and theories of causes of split‐line orientation in bone
Split‐line patterns are reported in skulls of five adult male baboons. While variations in pattern occur in all parts of the skull, these variations are relatively minor in the following regions: supraorbital, lateral orbital, medial orbital, nasal bones, zygomatico‐alveolar crest, nasal opening, alveolar process of maxilla and mandible. Wide differences in pattern occur in these regions: infraorbital, zygomatic bone, body of maxilla, and frontal…
Primate Skull Collections in Some European Museums
Relative weights of some functionally important muscles of the thigh, hip and leg in a gibbon and in man
Brief Communications
A Mechanistic Theory of Human Evolution
The development of the vermiculate pattern in the brow region of crania from Indian Knoll, Kentucky
A convoluted brow surface consisting of fine ridges, grooves, and depressions, first identified in ancient fossil hominids and termed the vermiculate pattern (VP), is often low in frequency and of moderate rugosity in crania of anatomically modern human populations. Burials at Indian Knoll, Kentucky, constitute an excellent series for study of the development of the VP, since cranial surfaces are usually well preserved, there are hundreds of imma…
Microscopic Examination of Human Femurs Buried at Washington Island, Wisconsin
Shafts of human femurs from burials on Washington Island, Wisconsin dated ca. A.D. 200 were in good enough condition to allow decalcification, microscopic sectioning and routine staining. Many histological features of the bone are retained. Such procedures are less laborious than grinding undecalcified sections, allow three-dimensional observation of serial sections, and offer possible uses in age determinations of skeletons and paleopathology. T…
An anthropometric and constitutional study of championship weight lifters
A functional analysis of the facial skeleton with split‐line technique
Brief Communications
A Mechanistic Theory of Human Evolution
Relative weights of some functionally important muscles of the thigh, hip and leg in a gibbon and in man
A comparison of split‐line patterns in the skulls of a juvenile and an adult male gorilla
Problems of Distribution and Adaptation of the African Monkeys
Physical Anthropology: Biomechanical Studies of the Musculo‐Skeletal System. F. G aynor E vans (Ed)
Split‐line patterns in a series of skulls of infant, juvenile and adult gorillas
Primatologia: Handbook of primatology. Edited by H. Hofer, A. H. Schultz and D. Starck
An examination of alternative explanations of split‐line orientation in compact bone
The Monkeys of Mysore . Filmed in 1963 by P aul E. S imonds
An Atlas and Dissection Manual of Rhesus Monkey Anatomy. O rville M. B erringer , jr., Freddie M. Browning, and Charles R. Schroeder
Physical Anthropology: Human Evolution: An Introduction to Man's Adaptations. B ernard G. C ampbell
The relationship of weathering cracks to split‐line orientation in bone
The essential identity of weathering cracks and split‐lines is demonstrated experimentally. Innominate bones, left in the open to weather, developed cracks similar to the split‐line orientation typically observed in the same region. These bones were decalcified and intermittent split‐lines prepared along their course. The orientation of the split‐lines always corresponds to the weathering splits. The same results were obtained with bird and mamma…
Primate Skull Collections in Some European Museums
Main patterns and individual differences in baboon skull split‐lines and theories of causes of split‐line orientation in bone
Split‐line patterns are reported in skulls of five adult male baboons. While variations in pattern occur in all parts of the skull, these variations are relatively minor in the following regions: supraorbital, lateral orbital, medial orbital, nasal bones, zygomatico‐alveolar crest, nasal opening, alveolar process of maxilla and mandible. Wide differences in pattern occur in these regions: infraorbital, zygomatic bone, body of maxilla, and frontal…
Weathering Cracks and Split-Line Patterns in Archaeological Bone
Post mortem cracks in bone produced by action of weather or other agencies which cause shrinkage have been shown to be oriented in the same direction as split-lines produced by decalcification and punctures with a needle. Archaeological bone also shows split-lines parallel to weathering cracks in cases where preservation of the collagenous matrix is good. Limb bones of birds tend to have better preservation than mammal bones in the Lasley's Point…
Microscopic Examination of Human Femurs Buried at Washington Island, Wisconsin
Shafts of human femurs from burials on Washington Island, Wisconsin dated ca. A.D. 200 were in good enough condition to allow decalcification, microscopic sectioning and routine staining. Many histological features of the bone are retained. Such procedures are less laborious than grinding undecalcified sections, allow three-dimensional observation of serial sections, and offer possible uses in age determinations of skeletons and paleopathology. T…
On Hemmer's New View of Human Evolution
Two orientational features of compact bone as predictors of split‐line patterns
Ways of determining orientation patterns in compact bone are needed for specimens which are not available for split‐line analysis. Weathering cracks have been shown to be essentially identical in orientation to split‐lines, but they are more often than not absent or very few in number. Two other features of compact bone which promise to extend the range of orientational analysis are illustrated and described. These are (1) red or brown lines near…
Papers in African Prehistory
1. The prehistoric origins of African culture J. Desmond Clark 2. The spread of food production in sub-Saharan Africa J. Desmond Clark 3. Primary cradles of agriculture in the African continent Rolan Portres 4. Speculations on the economic prehistory of Africa Christopher Wrigley 5. Aspects of the evolution and ecology of tsetse flies and trypanosomiasis in the prehistoric African environment Frank L. Lambrecht 6. Concepts of race in the historio…
Physical Anthropology: Einführung in die Primatenkunde. FRIDERUN Ankel
Structure of bone in the skulls of Neanderthal fossils
Close inspection of surface bone in skulls of Neanderthal man reveals weathering cracks extensive enough in one specimen, La Chapelle‐aux‐Saints, to allow preliminary analysis of major patterns of orientation and to make inferences about functional relationships of structures. The fine structure of the bone of the brow ridges is very different from the rest of the skull in the two adults examined, having a peculiar vermiculate surface pattern. We…
Advanced weathering cracks as an improvement on split‐line preparations for analysis of structural orientation in compact bone
Weathering cracks have been demonstrated to be equivalent to split‐lines in compact bone. The amount of cracking becomes more extensive with time. Advanced weathering cracks have the potential for giving more complete information on orientation patterns than split‐lines. They can also be superior in accuracy and objectivity of results obtained, in preserving the original condition of the bone, and in elimination of much of the work involved in ma…
The vermiculate surface pattern of brow ridges in Neandertal and modern crania
A convoluted surface pattern of ridges and grooves characterizes the frontal torus in adult Neandertal fossils. Modern human skulls rarely have the pattern well developed. It is not observed in postcranial bones, nor in skulls of Neandertal children. This vermiculate bone is resistant to oriented cracking from weathering or fractures. Structural characteristics of the bone give evidence on the problem of the function of hominid brow ridges
Computer Science (14 works) · Library science (14 works) · Biology (13 works) · Citation (13 works) · Pleistocene-Era Hominins and Archaeology (13 works) · Sociology (13 works) · Anthropology (10 works) · Anatomy (9 works) · Anatomy (9 works) · Forensic Anthropology and Bioarchaeology Studies (9 works)