John J Berman
Biographic Data
| ID | 75082 |
|---|---|
| NAME | John J Berman |
| GIVEN NAMES | John J |
| FAMILY NAME | Berman |
| SIGNATURE | BERMAN J J |
| AFFILIATIONS | University of Nebraska–Lincoln |
| VERIFIED | No |
| TOTAL WORKS | 24 |
| TOTAL CITATIONS | 90 |
| AUTHOR COUNT | 24 |
| EDITOR COUNT | 0 |
| FIRST PUBLICATION YEAR | 1971 |
| LATEST PUBLICATION YEAR | 2008 |
| H-INDEX | 6 |
Transformative Change: An Analysis of the Evolution of Special Events Within 3 Communities
Descriptive qualitative case studies were conducted to examine the evolution of special events in a large-scale program in South Carolina to prevent child abuse and neglect. For these analyses, narrative project logs were reviewed from 3 selected project communities, and emerging themes and topics were identified. The development and use of special events to promote project goals varied in each of the 3 different types of community contexts. Resu…
Strong Communities: What Did Participants Actually Do?
Detailed information about what actually happened in large-scale efforts to transform communities is sparse. Using biweekly reports of the Strong Communities initiative's outreach workers' activities over a 3.5-year period, this article examines the characteristics of individuals whom the outreach workers were able to involve in the project, the degree of involvement that various community sectors (eg, fire, police, churches, civic groups) have h…
Relationships Between Older Men and Younger Women: Implications for STIs/HIV in Kenya
The aim of this study is to contribute to the understanding of motivations for cross‐generational relationships and how the perception of risk of acquiring sexually transmitted infections (STIs) including HIV affects condom use in Kenya. Eight focus‐group discussions were conducted with women and 28 interviews were held with men in four Kenyan towns. Ethnograph 5.0 computer software was used for the analysis of data. Women's primary incentive for…
Micro- and Macro-Justicein the Allocation of Resources between in-Group and Out-Group Members: A Cross-Cultural Comparison
Respondents from Turkey and the United States solved micro- and macro-justice dilemmas requiring them to allocate scholarships and governance board memberships. Recipients were either groups or individuals who were members of respondents'in-groups or out-groups. Turkish respondents showed a stronger preference than U.S. respondents for macro deservingness only when recipients were from their in-groups and, in general, preferred in-group over out-…
Cross-Cultural Differences in Perceptions of Distributive Justice: A Comparison of Hong Kong and Indonesia
Respondents in Hong Kong and Indonesia rated a hypothetical allocator depicted as distributing resources based on merit or need in either a positive (reward) or negative (cutback) resource context. Hong Kong respondents perceived that the use of merit was fairer and more principled than the use of need, but they also perceived that the allocator who favored merit was less nice, more selfish, and acted less because of concern for others'welfare. I…
U.N. Convention on the Rights of the Child: A cross-cultural view
U.N. Convention on the Rights of the Child: A cross-cultural view
Cultural Differences in Perceptions of Allocators of Resources
It was hypothesized that people draw different dispositional inferences about decision makers who allocate resources according to equity, equality, or need and that this difference varies depending on culture and whether the allocation is positive or negative. Results from college students in the United States and Germany revealed the following. First, reactions to allocators form two clusters: intelligent/strong/logical and warm/nice. Second, wh…
Perceptions of Justice and Attitudes Towards People With Aids: German - U.S. Comparisons
Negative attitudes towards people with AIDS are still prevalent. While previous research has investigated how these negative attitudes are related to various demographic variables, this research examined how they might differ cross-culturally, and how they are related to general beliefs about a just world, one's preference to distribute resources on the basis of merit or need, and one's health locus of control. Undergraduates from the U.S. (N=145…
The effect of respondents' just world beliefs and target person's social worth and awareness-of-risk on perceptions of a person with Aids
A Short Form of the Barrett-Lennard Relationship Inventory for Supervisory Relationships
A 40-item short form of the Barrett-Lennard Relationship Inventory is developed to assess the experience of the facilitative conditions in the supervisory relationship. There are five scales, Regard (10 items), Unconditionally (5 items), Empathic Understanding (10 items), Congruence (10 items), and Willingness to be Known (5 items). Reliabilities are good and comparable to those of longer versions. Scale intercorrelations were moderate to high, w…
Cross-Cultural Similarities and Differences in Perceptions of Fairness
Indian and American respondents were presented vignettes that portrayed two target individuals, one meritorious and one financially needy. The respondents' task was to allocate a resource between the targets in the fairest way. In half of the vignettes the resource was positive (bonus money); in the other half it was negative (reduction in salary). Every combination of sex-of-target was used. Results showed significant positive and negative effec…
Factors affecting allocation to needy and meritorious recipients: A cross-cultural comparison
Research and the Freedom of Information Act
Research and the Freedom of Information Act
The Effects of Actual Behavior vs. Mere Labelling in Attribution of Sex Differences
A recurrent problem in interpreting research showing differential reactions to the sexes is that such results may reflect real behavior differences among those observed or differential expectations of those observing. This study used a methodology which allowed these two competing explanations to be tested by assessing whether subjects' ratings of taped interactants whose gender was ambiguous would be determined mainly by what gender the subjects…
Effects of new commitment laws on the mental health system
Many state commitment laws have been changed recently in response to the controversy surrounding the use of involuntary admissions. The effects of these changes in one state is studied by examining admission patterns, voluntary and involuntary, to all state hospital. Though no change was found in demographic characteristics, several highly significant changes were found in utilization patterns and admission procedures
Attitudes cause behaviors: A cross-lagged panel analysis
Factors affecting judgements of how much another likes us: A signal detection approach
Investigated the effects of subjects' self‐concept and the attractiveness of the other on subjects' estimates of how much the other liked them. The use of a signal detection paradigm allowed the measurement of both the criteria and discriminability of subjects' decisions. Eighty mule and 80 female subjects participated in a computer match where they received either somewhat positive or somewhat negative feedback from their match. Besides sex and …
Notes On the Contamination Method: Two Small Experiments in Assuring Confidentiality of Responses
The contamination method of obtaining confidential information was compared to more standard methods of interviewing, with the criterion being the degree to which the methods elicited candid responses. Two experiments were conducted in which college students were asked whether or not they had engaged in a variety of behaviors which were illegal, immoral, and/or embarrassing to admit. The results of both studies showed no differences between the i…
Parolees' Perception of the Justice System: Black‐White Differences
The parolees in this sample viewed the police rather negatively, were reluctant to label contacts with the police as harassment, and experienced a great deal of pluralistic ignorance about the extent of the police harassment of ex‐offenders. They also had a very negative opinion of the courts and lawyers. When asked general questions about the courts and police harassment, blacks responded more negatively than whites; but when asked about their p…
Specific Self-Esteem and Sexual Permissiveness
The present paper reports the results of two studies using different methods, different measures of sexual permissiveness, and different measures of specific self-esteem. Both studies yielded a positive relationship between self-esteem and permissiveness for males but not for females. The results were consistent with the idea that males are socialized to associate dating success with sexual permissiveness, while females are not
The Volunteer in Parole Program: An Evaluation
Effects of performance expectancy and outcome certainty on interest in social comparison
Attitudes cause behaviors: A cross-lagged panel analysis
Factors affecting allocation to needy and meritorious recipients: A cross-cultural comparison
Relationships Between Older Men and Younger Women: Implications for STIs/HIV in Kenya
The aim of this study is to contribute to the understanding of motivations for cross‐generational relationships and how the perception of risk of acquiring sexually transmitted infections (STIs) including HIV affects condom use in Kenya. Eight focus‐group discussions were conducted with women and 28 interviews were held with men in four Kenyan towns. Ethnograph 5.0 computer software was used for the analysis of data. Women's primary incentive for…
Cross-Cultural Similarities and Differences in Perceptions of Fairness
Indian and American respondents were presented vignettes that portrayed two target individuals, one meritorious and one financially needy. The respondents' task was to allocate a resource between the targets in the fairest way. In half of the vignettes the resource was positive (bonus money); in the other half it was negative (reduction in salary). Every combination of sex-of-target was used. Results showed significant positive and negative effec…
Cultural Differences in Perceptions of Allocators of Resources
It was hypothesized that people draw different dispositional inferences about decision makers who allocate resources according to equity, equality, or need and that this difference varies depending on culture and whether the allocation is positive or negative. Results from college students in the United States and Germany revealed the following. First, reactions to allocators form two clusters: intelligent/strong/logical and warm/nice. Second, wh…
Effects of performance expectancy and outcome certainty on interest in social comparison
Cross-Cultural Differences in Perceptions of Distributive Justice: A Comparison of Hong Kong and Indonesia
Respondents in Hong Kong and Indonesia rated a hypothetical allocator depicted as distributing resources based on merit or need in either a positive (reward) or negative (cutback) resource context. Hong Kong respondents perceived that the use of merit was fairer and more principled than the use of need, but they also perceived that the allocator who favored merit was less nice, more selfish, and acted less because of concern for others'welfare. I…
The effect of respondents' just world beliefs and target person's social worth and awareness-of-risk on perceptions of a person with Aids
Notes On the Contamination Method: Two Small Experiments in Assuring Confidentiality of Responses
The contamination method of obtaining confidential information was compared to more standard methods of interviewing, with the criterion being the degree to which the methods elicited candid responses. Two experiments were conducted in which college students were asked whether or not they had engaged in a variety of behaviors which were illegal, immoral, and/or embarrassing to admit. The results of both studies showed no differences between the i…
The Volunteer in Parole Program: An Evaluation
Effects of performance expectancy and outcome certainty on interest in social comparison
Specific Self-Esteem and Sexual Permissiveness
The present paper reports the results of two studies using different methods, different measures of sexual permissiveness, and different measures of specific self-esteem. Both studies yielded a positive relationship between self-esteem and permissiveness for males but not for females. The results were consistent with the idea that males are socialized to associate dating success with sexual permissiveness, while females are not
The Volunteer in Parole Program: An Evaluation
Parolees' Perception of the Justice System: Black‐White Differences
The parolees in this sample viewed the police rather negatively, were reluctant to label contacts with the police as harassment, and experienced a great deal of pluralistic ignorance about the extent of the police harassment of ex‐offenders. They also had a very negative opinion of the courts and lawyers. When asked general questions about the courts and police harassment, blacks responded more negatively than whites; but when asked about their p…
Notes On the Contamination Method: Two Small Experiments in Assuring Confidentiality of Responses
The contamination method of obtaining confidential information was compared to more standard methods of interviewing, with the criterion being the degree to which the methods elicited candid responses. Two experiments were conducted in which college students were asked whether or not they had engaged in a variety of behaviors which were illegal, immoral, and/or embarrassing to admit. The results of both studies showed no differences between the i…
Factors affecting judgements of how much another likes us: A signal detection approach
Investigated the effects of subjects' self‐concept and the attractiveness of the other on subjects' estimates of how much the other liked them. The use of a signal detection paradigm allowed the measurement of both the criteria and discriminability of subjects' decisions. Eighty mule and 80 female subjects participated in a computer match where they received either somewhat positive or somewhat negative feedback from their match. Besides sex and …
Attitudes cause behaviors: A cross-lagged panel analysis
Research and the Freedom of Information Act
Research and the Freedom of Information Act
The Effects of Actual Behavior vs. Mere Labelling in Attribution of Sex Differences
A recurrent problem in interpreting research showing differential reactions to the sexes is that such results may reflect real behavior differences among those observed or differential expectations of those observing. This study used a methodology which allowed these two competing explanations to be tested by assessing whether subjects' ratings of taped interactants whose gender was ambiguous would be determined mainly by what gender the subjects…
Effects of new commitment laws on the mental health system
Many state commitment laws have been changed recently in response to the controversy surrounding the use of involuntary admissions. The effects of these changes in one state is studied by examining admission patterns, voluntary and involuntary, to all state hospital. Though no change was found in demographic characteristics, several highly significant changes were found in utilization patterns and admission procedures
Factors affecting allocation to needy and meritorious recipients: A cross-cultural comparison
Cross-Cultural Similarities and Differences in Perceptions of Fairness
Indian and American respondents were presented vignettes that portrayed two target individuals, one meritorious and one financially needy. The respondents' task was to allocate a resource between the targets in the fairest way. In half of the vignettes the resource was positive (bonus money); in the other half it was negative (reduction in salary). Every combination of sex-of-target was used. Results showed significant positive and negative effec…
A Short Form of the Barrett-Lennard Relationship Inventory for Supervisory Relationships
A 40-item short form of the Barrett-Lennard Relationship Inventory is developed to assess the experience of the facilitative conditions in the supervisory relationship. There are five scales, Regard (10 items), Unconditionally (5 items), Empathic Understanding (10 items), Congruence (10 items), and Willingness to be Known (5 items). Reliabilities are good and comparable to those of longer versions. Scale intercorrelations were moderate to high, w…
The effect of respondents' just world beliefs and target person's social worth and awareness-of-risk on perceptions of a person with Aids
Perceptions of Justice and Attitudes Towards People With Aids: German - U.S. Comparisons
Negative attitudes towards people with AIDS are still prevalent. While previous research has investigated how these negative attitudes are related to various demographic variables, this research examined how they might differ cross-culturally, and how they are related to general beliefs about a just world, one's preference to distribute resources on the basis of merit or need, and one's health locus of control. Undergraduates from the U.S. (N=145…
U.N. Convention on the Rights of the Child: A cross-cultural view
U.N. Convention on the Rights of the Child: A cross-cultural view
Cultural Differences in Perceptions of Allocators of Resources
It was hypothesized that people draw different dispositional inferences about decision makers who allocate resources according to equity, equality, or need and that this difference varies depending on culture and whether the allocation is positive or negative. Results from college students in the United States and Germany revealed the following. First, reactions to allocators form two clusters: intelligent/strong/logical and warm/nice. Second, wh…
Micro- and Macro-Justicein the Allocation of Resources between in-Group and Out-Group Members: A Cross-Cultural Comparison
Respondents from Turkey and the United States solved micro- and macro-justice dilemmas requiring them to allocate scholarships and governance board memberships. Recipients were either groups or individuals who were members of respondents'in-groups or out-groups. Turkish respondents showed a stronger preference than U.S. respondents for macro deservingness only when recipients were from their in-groups and, in general, preferred in-group over out-…
Cross-Cultural Differences in Perceptions of Distributive Justice: A Comparison of Hong Kong and Indonesia
Respondents in Hong Kong and Indonesia rated a hypothetical allocator depicted as distributing resources based on merit or need in either a positive (reward) or negative (cutback) resource context. Hong Kong respondents perceived that the use of merit was fairer and more principled than the use of need, but they also perceived that the allocator who favored merit was less nice, more selfish, and acted less because of concern for others'welfare. I…
Relationships Between Older Men and Younger Women: Implications for STIs/HIV in Kenya
The aim of this study is to contribute to the understanding of motivations for cross‐generational relationships and how the perception of risk of acquiring sexually transmitted infections (STIs) including HIV affects condom use in Kenya. Eight focus‐group discussions were conducted with women and 28 interviews were held with men in four Kenyan towns. Ethnograph 5.0 computer software was used for the analysis of data. Women's primary incentive for…
Transformative Change: An Analysis of the Evolution of Special Events Within 3 Communities
Descriptive qualitative case studies were conducted to examine the evolution of special events in a large-scale program in South Carolina to prevent child abuse and neglect. For these analyses, narrative project logs were reviewed from 3 selected project communities, and emerging themes and topics were identified. The development and use of special events to promote project goals varied in each of the 3 different types of community contexts. Resu…
Strong Communities: What Did Participants Actually Do?
Detailed information about what actually happened in large-scale efforts to transform communities is sparse. Using biweekly reports of the Strong Communities initiative's outreach workers' activities over a 3.5-year period, this article examines the characteristics of individuals whom the outreach workers were able to involve in the project, the degree of involvement that various community sectors (eg, fire, police, churches, civic groups) have h…
Psychology (23 works) · Social Psychology (18 works) · Social Psychology (16 works) · Political science (14 works) · Law (13 works) · Law (10 works) · Social and Intergroup Psychology (9 works) · Computer Science (7 works) · Sociology (7 works) · Cultural Differences and Values (5 works)