Pierre Chauvin
Datos Biográficos
| ID | 753070 |
|---|---|
| NOMBRE | Pierre Chauvin |
| NOMBRES | Pierre |
| APELLIDO | Chauvin |
| FIRMA | CHAUVIN P |
| AFILIACIONES | Inserm |
| ORCID | 0000-0002-9183-6406 |
| VERIFICADO | Sí |
| TOTAL DE OBRAS | 48 |
| TOTAL DE CITAS | 143 |
| TOTAL COMO AUTOR | 48 |
| TOTAL COMO EDITOR | 0 |
| PRIMER AÑO DE PUBLICACIÓN | 1997 |
| AÑO MÁS RECIENTE DE PUBLICACIÓN | 2025 |
| ÍNDICE H | 6 |
Contribution of Structure Learning Algorithms in Social Epidemiology
Epidemiologists often handle large datasets with numerous variables and are currently seeing a growing wealth of techniques for data analysis, such as machine learning. Critical aspects involve addressing causality, often based on observational data, and dealing with the complex relationships between variables to uncover the overall structure of variable interactions, causal or not. Structure learning (SL) methods aim to automatically or semi-aut…
Social support, financial status, and depression among French healthcare workers one year after the onset of the Covid-19 pandemic
This study suggests that one year after the start of the pandemic, factors associated with depressive symptoms were related to social support and financial situation, unlike at the beginning of the pandemic when working conditions and exposure to COVID-19 were more studied and emphasized. These findings highlight the importance of considering the social determinants of health in studies and interventions aimed at improving the mental health of HC…
Construction and Validation of an Individual Deprivation Index
Influence of Individual and Contextual Perceptions and of Multiple Neighborhoods on Depression
The risk of depression is related to multiple various determinants. The consideration of multiple neighborhoods daily frequented by individuals has led to increased interest in analyzing socio-territorial inequalities in health. In this context, the main objective of this study was (i) to describe and analyze the spatial distribution of depression and (ii) to investigate the role of the perception of the different frequented spaces in the risk of…
Mental Healthcare Utilization among Homeless People in the Greater Paris Area
The healthcare utilization of homeless people is generally considered insufficient, and studies often suffer from methodological bias (institutionalized vs. street samples). To adapt public health policies in France, epidemiological data on this population are scarce. The objective of this study was to analyze the use of psychiatric care by homeless people with mental health problems in the Greater Paris area and to define the factors influencing…
Social and structural factors and engagement in HIV care of sub-Saharan African migrants diagnosed with HIV in the Paris region
Migrants from sub-Saharan Africa (SSA) are often diagnosed at an advanced stage of HIV, and many of them have harsh living conditions. We aimed to evaluate the entry into care after HIV diagnosis and examine the related social determinants. The ANRS PARCOURS study is a life-event survey conducted in 2012-2013 in the Paris region among. Time between HIV diagnosis of SSA migrants living diagnosed HIV positive in France and HIV care and the determin…
Psychological support in short term after the January 2015 terrorist attack in Paris, France
Background A terrorist attack occurred in Paris in January 2015 against the staffs of the Charlie Hebdo magazine and a kosher grocery. This study examined psychological support given to the people directly exposed, witnesses and close relatives of those who were injured, hostages or died. Methods The IMPACTS survey was an open cohort lead in 2 waves (6 and 18 months after the events). Psychologists interviewed in face-to-face 190 civilians in wav…
Psychological follow-up and its perception in civilians involved in the January 2015 terrorist attack in Paris, France
Background A terrorist attack occurred in Paris in January 2015 against the staffs of the Charlie Hebdo magazine and a kosher grocery. This study examined the psychological follow-up and the non-satisfaction of the people civilians involved in the terrorist attacks. Methods The IMPACTS survey, an open cohort study of civilians involved in the terrorist attacks was conducted 6-10 (wave 1) and 18-22 months (wave 2) after the attacks. Psychologists …
Self-Perceived Health among Migrants Seen in Médecins du Monde Free Clinics in Europe
Health of migrants is a widely studied topic. It has been argued that migrant health may deteriorate over time. Though migrants are a "hard to reach" population in survey data, this paper builds on a unique dataset provided by Médecins du Monde from five countries. We study self-perceived health (SPH) in connection with socio-economic and demographic factors and length of stay. Results differ for men and women. Compared to other documented migran…
Meal times and synchronization
This paper investigates the temporal dimension of meals. Specifically, it compares meal schedules and their social determinants in two metropolises, Santiago (Chile) and Paris (France). Our empirical material is drawn from two comparable data sources: Encuesta de Comensalidad en Adultos de la Región Metropolitana (Santiago, Chile) and Santé, Inégalités et Ruptures Sociales (Paris, France). Our research highlights cross-metropolitan similarities a…
Health, work and social life impacts of January 2015 terrorist attacks in Paris on victim’s relatives; 6 and 18 months after events
Prevalence of Mental Disorders and Addictions among Homeless People in the Greater Paris Area, France
The Samenta study was conducted in 2009 in the Greater Paris area to estimate the prevalence of psychiatric disorders in homeless people. A cross-sectional survey was performed with a three-stage random sample of homeless people ( n = 859), including users of day services, emergency shelters, hot meal distribution, long-term rehabilitation centres, and social hotels. Information was collected by a lay interviewer, using the Mini International Neu…
Food Insecurity in Homeless Families in the Paris Region (France)
The number of families living in shelters in the Paris region (France) has increased by a factor of three in 10 years. In 2013, a survey was performed on homeless families in order to characterize their living conditions, their health needs, and the developmental problems in children. This probability survey was conducted in 17 languages among 801 homeless families sheltered in emergency centers for asylum-seekers, emergency housing centers, soci…
Adaptive Behavior of Sheltered Homeless Children in the French Enfams Survey
Objectives. To describe the adaptive behaviors in a large sample of homeless children and identify factors associated with developmental delay. Methods. Data were from a cross-sectional survey of 557 children younger than 6 years randomly sampled among homeless sheltered families in the Paris region, France (January–May 2013). An interviewer and a psychologist conducted face-to-face interviews to collect information on sociodemographic and health…
Utilisation des réseaux bayésiens comme technique de fouille de données massives - application à des données de recours aux soins
Contexte. Les réseaux bayésiens sont utilisés selon deux approches distinctes, reposant sur les mêmes principes d'analyse bayésienne : comme outil de modélisation a priori faisant intervenir les hypothèses du chercheur, ou comme outil de fouille de données, sans hypothèse a priori de la part du chercheur. La première approche a diffusé dans la communauté biomédicale. La seconde provient avant tout de l'intelligence artificielle et n'est à notre c…
Men from Sub-Saharan Africa Living in Worker Hostels in France
Taking action to rebuild
Impact of migration origin on individual protection strategies against sexual transmission of HIV in Paris metropolitan area, Sirs cohort study, France
These results underline the importance of taking culture and origins of target populations into consideration when designing information, education and communication about HIV and sexually transmitted diseases. These results also draw attention to fractions of the general population that could escape from prevention messages
The ‘constant size neighbourhood trap’ in accessibility and health studies
In literature on neighbourhood effects and resources accessibility, the number of neighbourhood resources to which residents may have access are often estimated from spatial units whose constant size fails to account for unique ways residents experience their neighbourhoods. To investigate this ‘constant size neighbourhood trap’, we compared numbers of healthcare resources included in Constant Size Buffers (CSBs) and in Perceived Neighbourhood Po…
Is the impact of traumatic life events during childhood on depression at adulthood socially stratified? Results of a cross-sectional survey in 2010 in the Paris metropolitan area
Background The existence of a social gradient regarding the prevalence of depression is widely documented. A link between traumatic life events during childhood (TLEC) and depression in adulthood is also admitted but no French study has ever confirmed that it can be modulated by the social status of individuals. Our goal was to figure out whether the combination of TLEC and depression in adulthood was similar, or not, in various social groups. Me…
Use of an Emergency Department in Saint-Laurent du Maroni, French Guiana
Prevalence and socioeconomic and geographical inequalities of household food insecurity in the Paris region, France, 2010
FI exists in several social groups in France. Its prevalence in the most underprivileged households should be considered an indicator of vulnerability, which could permit targeted social assistance policies
Who still eats three meals a day? Findings from a quantitative survey in the Paris area
Differences in Recourse to HIV Testing According to Migration Origin in the Paris Metropolitan Area in 2010
Health, work and social life impacts of January 2015 terrorist attacks in Paris on victim’s relatives; 6 and 18 months after events
The role of daily mobility in mental health inequalities
The combined effects of activity space and neighbourhood of residence on participation in preventive health-care activities
Comparison of a spatial approach with the multilevel approach for investigating place effects on health
Study objective: Most studies of place effects on health have followed the multilevel analytical approach that investigates geographical variations of health phenomena by fragmenting space into arbitrary areas. This study examined whether analysing geographical variations across continuous space with spatial modelling techniques and contextual indicators that capture space as a continuous dimension surrounding individual residences provided more …
Who still eats three meals a day? Findings from a quantitative survey in the Paris area
Spatial clustering of mental disorders and associated characteristics of the neighbourhood context in Malmö, Sweden, in 2001
Study objective: Previous research provides preliminary evidence of spatial variations of mental disorders and associations between neighbourhood social context and mental health. This study expands past literature by (1) using spatial techniques, rather than multilevel models, to compare the spatial distributions of two groups of mental disorders (that is, disorders due to psychoactive substance use, and neurotic, stress related, and somatoform …
The ‘constant size neighbourhood trap’ in accessibility and health studies
In literature on neighbourhood effects and resources accessibility, the number of neighbourhood resources to which residents may have access are often estimated from spatial units whose constant size fails to account for unique ways residents experience their neighbourhoods. To investigate this ‘constant size neighbourhood trap’, we compared numbers of healthcare resources included in Constant Size Buffers (CSBs) and in Perceived Neighbourhood Po…
Exposure to interparental violence and psychosocial maladjustment in the adult life course
BACKGROUND: Early family-level and social-level stressors are both assumed to be the components of two main path models explaining the association between exposure to interparental violence in childhood and its long-term consequences on mental health explored through life-course epidemiological studies. AIMS: To investigate the association between exposure to interparental violence in childhood and mental health outcomes in adulthood when taking …
The moral career of poor patients in free clinics
Sante et recours aux soins des populations vulnerables
Cet ouvrage est le fruit de seminaires mensuels organises depuis 2002 par le reseau multidisciplinaire de recherche en sante publique SIRS IdF (Sante, inegalites et ruptures sociales en Ile de France). Ce reseau est coordonne par l'equipe de recherche sur les determinants sociaux de la sante et du recours aux soins de l'INSERM (U707). Ces seminaires ont permis de creer des dynamiques d'echange entre les differents acteurs concernes par une meme p…
Meal times and synchronization
This paper investigates the temporal dimension of meals. Specifically, it compares meal schedules and their social determinants in two metropolises, Santiago (Chile) and Paris (France). Our empirical material is drawn from two comparable data sources: Encuesta de Comensalidad en Adultos de la Región Metropolitana (Santiago, Chile) and Santé, Inégalités et Ruptures Sociales (Paris, France). Our research highlights cross-metropolitan similarities a…
Adaptive Behavior of Sheltered Homeless Children in the French Enfams Survey
Objectives. To describe the adaptive behaviors in a large sample of homeless children and identify factors associated with developmental delay. Methods. Data were from a cross-sectional survey of 557 children younger than 6 years randomly sampled among homeless sheltered families in the Paris region, France (January–May 2013). An interviewer and a psychologist conducted face-to-face interviews to collect information on sociodemographic and health…
Investigating the spatial variability in incidence of coronary heart disease in the Gazel Cohort
STUDY OBJECTIVE: The aim of the study was to improve understanding of the relationships between contextual socioeconomic characteristics and coronary heart disease (CHD) incidence in France. Several authors have suggested that CHD risk factors (diabetes, hypertension, cholesterol, overweight, tobacco consumption) may partly mediate associations between socioeconomic environmental variables and CHD. Studies have assessed the overall mediating role…
A new out-patient care facility for HIV-infected destitute populations in Paris, France
In France, the entire population theoretically has access to health coverage, but in fact a section of the poorest population does not. Institutions have therefore been set up to provide medical care for the destitute. The objectives of this study were to describe the social characteristics of the HIV-positive destitute population attending an out-patient clinic providing free health care for the destitute in a Paris University Hospital, to compa…
Persistence of susceptibility to measles in France despite routine immunization
OBJECTIVES: This study examined the impact of French routine programs urging the combined measles-mumps-rubella immunization of 15-month-old children. METHODS: We applied a cohort analysis to surveillance data collected by general practitioners to estimate the cumulative incidence rate per 1000 unvaccinated children and the proportion of susceptible children, by age and for each birth cohort between 1985 and 1995. RESULTS: More than 70% of unvacc…
Comparison of a Spatial Perspective with the Multilevel Analytical Approach in Neighborhood Studies
Most studies of neighborhood effects on health have used the multilevel approach. However, since this methodology does not incorporate any notion of space, it may not provide optimal epidemiologic information when modeling variations or when investigating associations between contextual factors and health. Investigating mental disorders due to psychoactive substance use among all 65,830 individuals aged 40-59 years in 2001 in Malmö, Sweden, geolo…
Comparison of a spatial approach with the multilevel approach for investigating place effects on health
Study objective: Most studies of place effects on health have followed the multilevel analytical approach that investigates geographical variations of health phenomena by fragmenting space into arbitrary areas. This study examined whether analysing geographical variations across continuous space with spatial modelling techniques and contextual indicators that capture space as a continuous dimension surrounding individual residences provided more …
The moral career of poor patients in free clinics
Sante et recours aux soins des populations vulnerables
Cet ouvrage est le fruit de seminaires mensuels organises depuis 2002 par le reseau multidisciplinaire de recherche en sante publique SIRS IdF (Sante, inegalites et ruptures sociales en Ile de France). Ce reseau est coordonne par l'equipe de recherche sur les determinants sociaux de la sante et du recours aux soins de l'INSERM (U707). Ces seminaires ont permis de creer des dynamiques d'echange entre les differents acteurs concernes par une meme p…
Spatial clustering of mental disorders and associated characteristics of the neighbourhood context in Malmö, Sweden, in 2001
Study objective: Previous research provides preliminary evidence of spatial variations of mental disorders and associations between neighbourhood social context and mental health. This study expands past literature by (1) using spatial techniques, rather than multilevel models, to compare the spatial distributions of two groups of mental disorders (that is, disorders due to psychoactive substance use, and neurotic, stress related, and somatoform …
Déterminants psychosociaux du renoncement aux soins pour raisons financières dans cinq zones urbaines sensibles de la Région parisienne en 2001
L'accès aux soins est garanti pour tous en France grâce à son système de sécurité sociale. Cependant, les enquêtes nationales sur la santé et la protection sociale de l'IRDES estiment qu'environ une personne interrogée sur cinq déclare avoir déjà renoncé à des soins pour raisons financières. Notre objectif était de montrer que, au-delà des facteurs socio-économiques classiquement étudiés, d'autres facteurs, de l'ordre des conditions de vie, des r…
Health information seeking on the Internet
In the French context of universal health insurance, access to the Internet varies according to social and socioeconomic status and health status, and its use for health information seeking varies also with health beliefs, but not to health insurance coverage or health-care utilisation. Certain economic and social inequalities seem to impact cumulatively on Internet access and on the use of the Internet for health information seeking. It is not o…
Exposure to interparental violence and psychosocial maladjustment in the adult life course
BACKGROUND: Early family-level and social-level stressors are both assumed to be the components of two main path models explaining the association between exposure to interparental violence in childhood and its long-term consequences on mental health explored through life-course epidemiological studies. AIMS: To investigate the association between exposure to interparental violence in childhood and mental health outcomes in adulthood when taking …
The combined effects of activity space and neighbourhood of residence on participation in preventive health-care activities
Gender, socio-economic status, migration origin and neighbourhood of residence are barriers to HIV testing in the Paris metropolitan area
In France, numerous HIV patients still discover their HIV status as a result of AIDS-related symptoms. We investigated factors related to the absence of any HIV testing in men and women separately, using the data from the SIRS cohort, which includes 3023 households representative of the Paris metropolitan area in 2005. The failure to use HIV testing services was studied in relation to individual socio-economic and demographic factors as well as s…
Time since the last HIV test and migration origin in the Paris metropolitan area, France
In France, the newly diagnosed infection rate was 372/100,000 for African immigrants versus 6/100,000 for the French-born population in 2008. In addition, people from sub-Saharan countries were at higher risk for late diagnosis than native-born French despite their more frequent use of HIV testing. The purpose of this study was to compare the mean time since the last HIV test according to migration origin. This study used data from the SIRS (a Fr…
Family social environment in childhood and self-rated health in young adulthood
These results argue for interventions that enhance family cohesion, particularly after family disruptions during childhood, to promote health in young adulthood
P1-167 Individual and territorial disparities in the knowledge and practices of the french national nutritional guideline « fruits and vegetables
Introduction The ageing of the European population raises questions concerning the growing incidence of chronic diseases. Improving population health status, by acting on one of its most important determinants, that is, nutrition, was the target of the PNNS (Nutrition Health National Program) launched in 2001 in France. This study aimed to examine the individual and territorial characteristics associated with the PNNS guideline to eat: « at least…
P2-524 Food insecurity in the Paris metropolitan area. An analysis of the Sirs cohort in 2010
Background Food insecurity exists whenever the availability of nutritionally adequate and safe foods or the ability to acquire acceptable foods in socially acceptable ways is limited or uncertain. It is a multidimensional, dynamic phenomenon that exists even in industrialised countries. The aim of this work was to estimate its prevalence and some of its social determinants in the Paris metropolitan area (PMA). Methods We used data from the SIRS c…
Investigating the spatial variability in incidence of coronary heart disease in the Gazel Cohort
STUDY OBJECTIVE: The aim of the study was to improve understanding of the relationships between contextual socioeconomic characteristics and coronary heart disease (CHD) incidence in France. Several authors have suggested that CHD risk factors (diabetes, hypertension, cholesterol, overweight, tobacco consumption) may partly mediate associations between socioeconomic environmental variables and CHD. Studies have assessed the overall mediating role…
P1-231 Food insecurity is associated with overweight in Paris metropolitan area. An analysis of the Sirs cohort in 2010
Background The relationship of food insecurity with overweight and obesity is still discussed in the literature. This work aimed to explore if this apparently paradoxical association was observed in Paris metropolitan area. Methods We used data from the “Health, Inequality and Social Breakout” (SIRS) cohort, a longitudinal health and socio epidemiological, population based and representative survey of the general population of the Paris metropoli…
P1-310 Stressful life-events in childhood and depression in adulthood
Introduction Social integration could constitute a pathway and/or a buffer in the association between stressful life events in childhood (SLEC) and depression in adulthood and this may differ according to the adults' socioeconomic status and neighbourhood environment. Our objective was to (1) Investigate the association between SLEC and depression in adulthood, (2) Test the mediating and/or moderating effect of social integration in the associati…
The role of daily mobility in mental health inequalities
Differences in Recourse to HIV Testing According to Migration Origin in the Paris Metropolitan Area in 2010
Migrant health in French Guiana
Data on immigrant health are scarce in France, and more generally, immigrant health problems have been largely ignored in public health policies. Immigrant health status is of crucial interest to health policy planners, and it is especially relevant in French Guiana, considering the size of the foreign-born population in that region
Overweight according to geographical origin and time spent in France
Our results plea for potential cultural determinants of overweight in the migrant and migrants-born populations in the French context of the capital region. Taking into account the people' family and personal migration histories may be an important issue in public health research and policies on overweight and obesity prevention
Pulmonary tuberculosis diagnostic delays in Chad
Targeted strengthening of the health-care system, including improving patient access, addressing deficiencies in health-related human resources, and improving laboratory networks and linkages as well as community mobilization will make for better outcomes in tuberculosis diagnosis
Use of an Emergency Department in Saint-Laurent du Maroni, French Guiana
Medicine (43 obras) · Population (25 obras) · Demography (23 obras) · Environmental health (23 obras) · Psychology (22 obras) · Geography (19 obras) · Gerontology (19 obras) · Sociology (18 obras) · Psychiatry (14 obras) · Health disparities and outcomes (13 obras)