J Blake Turner
Biographic Data
| ID | 75525 |
|---|---|
| NAME | J Blake Turner |
| GIVEN NAMES | J Blake |
| FAMILY NAME | Turner |
| SIGNATURE | TURNER J B |
| AFFILIATIONS | Columbia University |
| ORCID | 0000-0001-8575-0705 |
| VERIFIED | Yes |
| TOTAL WORKS | 21 |
| TOTAL CITATIONS | 515 |
| AUTHOR COUNT | 21 |
| EDITOR COUNT | 0 |
| FIRST PUBLICATION YEAR | 1987 |
| LATEST PUBLICATION YEAR | 2026 |
| H-INDEX | 8 |
Development of a revised and abbreviated version of the postpartum bonding questionnaire (PBQ‐R): First U.S. validation and association to child outcomes
The postpartum bonding questionnaire (PBQ) is a maternal‐reported 25‐item measure of bonding, available in 15 languages, and widely used for clinical and research purposes in the United States (U.S.) and across the globe. Nonetheless, its putative 4‐factor structure initially proposed in 2001 has never generalized or been replicated in other samples, nor has it been studied in U.S. populations. Using a U.S.‐based sample of 610 English‐speaking mo…
Mediators of interpersonal psychotherapy for depressed adolescents on outcomes in Latinos: The role of peer and family interpersonal functioning
Posttraumatic stress reactions among Rwandan youth in the second year after the genocide: Rising trajectory among girls
This study examines levels of traumatic stress reactions among youth attending school in the second year after the 1994 Rwandan genocide. From August to December 1995, the survey team visited 22 schools throughout Rwanda. The survey (n = 942; youth aged 8 to 19 years) assessed exposure to wartime violence and symptoms of posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD), as outlined in the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (4th ed., text r…
Negative and Distorted Attributions Towards Child, Self, and Primary Attachment Figure Among Posttraumatically Stressed Mothers: What Changes with Clinician Assisted Videofeedback Exposure Sessions (C…
Social Relations, Social Integration, and Social Support
School-Based Screening for Suicide Risk: Balancing Costs and Benefits
Objectives. We examined the effects of a scoring algorithm change on the burden and sensitivity of a screen for adolescent suicide risk. Methods. The Columbia Suicide Screen was used to screen 641 high school students for high suicide risk (recent ideation or lifetime attempt and depression, or anxiety, or substance use), determined by subsequent blind assessment with the Diagnostic Interview Schedule for Children. We compared the accuracy of dif…
School-Based Screening to Identify At-Risk Students Not Already Known to School Professionals: The Columbia Suicide Screen
Objectives. We sought to determine the degree of overlap between students identified through school-based suicide screening and those thought to be at risk by school administrative and clinical professionals. Methods. Students from 7 high schools in the New York metropolitan area completed the Columbia Suicide Screen; 489 of the 1729 students screened had positive results. The clinical status of 641 students (73% of those who had screened positiv…
The Psychological Risks of Vietnam for U.S. Veterans: A Revisit with New Data and Methods
In 1988, the National Vietnam Veterans Readjustment Study (NVVRS) of a representative sample of 1200 veterans estimated that 30.9% had developed posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) during their lifetimes and that 15.2% were currently suffering from PTSD. The study also found a strong dose-response relationship: As retrospective reports of combat exposure increased, PTSD occurrence increased. Skeptics have argued that these results are inflated b…
Depressive Symptoms of Caregiving Women in Midlife: The Role of Physical Health
This research examined the relationships between providing assistance to aging family members, caregivers' age, caregivers' perceptions of their physical health, and caregivers' depressive symptoms. Several alternative hypotheses were examined. Longitudinal data from 1,898 women from the 1992 and 2000 waves of the Health and Retirement Study (HRS) were used. Results indicate a reciprocal relationship between depression and physical health. These …
Social Contingencies in Mental Health: A Seven-Year Follow-Up Study of Teenage Mothers
This paper reports analyses from a 7-year follow-up investigation of women pregnant as teenagers who had been studied during their pregnancy and shortly following their child's birth. The objective of these analyses was to identify potentially modifiable factors that might influence or condition psychological adaptation within this high-risk population. Consistent with prior research, differences in social support and in personal resources or att…
A further analysis of race differences in the National Longitudinal Mortality Study
OBJECTIVES: The purpose of this study was to investigate associations between race and specific causes of mortality among adults 25 years and older in the National Longitudinal Mortality Study. METHODS: Mortality hazard ratios between races during 9 years of follow-up were estimated with Cox proportional hazards models, with control for multiple indicators of socioeconomic status (SES) and SES-relevant variables. RESULTS: Black persons younger th…
The Latino mortality paradox: A test of the "salmon bias" and healthy migrant hypotheses
OBJECTIVES: Relative to non-Latino Whites, Latinos have a worse socioeconomic profile but a lower mortality rate, a finding that presents an epidemiologic paradox. This study tested the salmon bias hypothesis that Latinos engage in return migration to their country of origin and are thereby rendered "statistically immortal" and the alternative hypothesis that selection of healthier migrants to the United States accounts for the paradox. METHODS: …
Psychosocial Stress: Perspectives on Structure, Theory, Life-Course, and Methods
Part I. Introduction: 1. Perspectives on Psychosocial Stress. Part II. Components of the Psychosocial Stress Process 2. The Domains and Boundaries of Stress Concepts. 3. Mediating and Moderating Processes in Psychosocial Stress: Appraisal, Coping, Resistance, and Vulnerability. 4. Consequences of Psychosocial Stress: The Universe of Stress Outcomes. Part III. Theoretical Perspectives on Psychosocial Stress 5. Social Identities and Psychosocial St…
Economic Context and the Health Effects of Unemployment
Most studies of the health consequences of unemployment ignore the economic context within which job loss occurs. Using data from a subset (N = 1,252) of a national probability sample, this paper compares the effects of current and previous unemployment on depression and subjective physical health status across levels of educational attainment and local job availability. Results show that current unemployment effects among the previously unemploy…
Shocking Numbers and Graphic Accounts: Quantified Images of Drug Problems in the Print Media
This paper examines how journalists and graphic artists in the national print media used statistical results from annual surveys of student drug use to construct quantified claims about a cocaine epidemic and other drug problems in 1986 and in subsequent years. Editorial and creative decisions entailed in transforming modest yearly changes in time-series data into a dramatic graphic image of "a coke plague" early in 1986 are reconstructed. The ch…
Workings of the Household: A U.S.-U.K. Comparison
The Psychological Impact of Unemployment
Contents: Introduction and Overview.- Background Research.- Theoretical Approaches from the Study of Work, Employment, and Unemployment.- Theoretical Approaches: Some Wider Frameworks.- Scales and Measures.- Youth Unemployment: Single-Group Studies.- Youth Unemployment: Comparison-Group Studies.- Youth Unemployment: Longitudinal Studies.- Studies with Older-Age Groups.- Epilogue.- References.- Author Index.- Subject Index
Factors facilitating adjustment to unemployment: Implications for intervention
Conducted a community survey in the Fall of 1984 in a sample of high unemployment blue-collar census tracts in southeastern Michigan. Results of earlier analyses using these data showed that involuntarily unemployed workers had significantly elevated levels of depression, anxiety, somatization, and self-reported physical illness relative to a stably employed comparison group (Kessler, House, & Turner, 1987). Results presented in this paper docume…
Unemployment, Reemployment, and Emotional Functioning in a Community Sample
We report results from a large-scale survey of the effects of unemployment on emotional functioning. The study design explicitly considers the possibility that prior emotional functioning may influence the risk of unemployment and chances for reemployment. We document substantial effects of unemployment on distress as well as positive emotional effects of reemployment. Contrary to initial expectations, the probability of reemployment is unrelated…
Effects of Unemployment on Health in a Community Survey: Main, Modifying, and Mediating Effects
Results from a community survey in a sample of high‐unemployment census tracts in southeastern Michigan showed significant elevations of depression, anxiety, somatization, and self‐reported physical illness among the currently unemployed. These adverse effects were largely reversed by reemployment. Subsequent analyses documented modifying effects of social support, self‐concept, and coping. We also found two mediating processes that account for t…
Unemployment and Health in a Community Sample
Premiere synthese des resultats d'une enquete sur le chomage dans le sud-est du Michigan. On a mis l'accent sur les circonstances et le contexte de la perte de travail pour eliminer le biais de selection dans l'estimation des effets du chomage. L'analyse documente l'impact substantiel du chomage sur la sante physique, la somatisation, l'angoisse et la depression
The Latino mortality paradox: A test of the "salmon bias" and healthy migrant hypotheses
OBJECTIVES: Relative to non-Latino Whites, Latinos have a worse socioeconomic profile but a lower mortality rate, a finding that presents an epidemiologic paradox. This study tested the salmon bias hypothesis that Latinos engage in return migration to their country of origin and are thereby rendered "statistically immortal" and the alternative hypothesis that selection of healthier migrants to the United States accounts for the paradox. METHODS: …
Unemployment, Reemployment, and Emotional Functioning in a Community Sample
We report results from a large-scale survey of the effects of unemployment on emotional functioning. The study design explicitly considers the possibility that prior emotional functioning may influence the risk of unemployment and chances for reemployment. We document substantial effects of unemployment on distress as well as positive emotional effects of reemployment. Contrary to initial expectations, the probability of reemployment is unrelated…
Effects of Unemployment on Health in a Community Survey: Main, Modifying, and Mediating Effects
Results from a community survey in a sample of high‐unemployment census tracts in southeastern Michigan showed significant elevations of depression, anxiety, somatization, and self‐reported physical illness among the currently unemployed. These adverse effects were largely reversed by reemployment. Subsequent analyses documented modifying effects of social support, self‐concept, and coping. We also found two mediating processes that account for t…
Economic Context and the Health Effects of Unemployment
Most studies of the health consequences of unemployment ignore the economic context within which job loss occurs. Using data from a subset (N = 1,252) of a national probability sample, this paper compares the effects of current and previous unemployment on depression and subjective physical health status across levels of educational attainment and local job availability. Results show that current unemployment effects among the previously unemploy…
Unemployment and Health in a Community Sample
Premiere synthese des resultats d'une enquete sur le chomage dans le sud-est du Michigan. On a mis l'accent sur les circonstances et le contexte de la perte de travail pour eliminer le biais de selection dans l'estimation des effets du chomage. L'analyse documente l'impact substantiel du chomage sur la sante physique, la somatisation, l'angoisse et la depression
Shocking Numbers and Graphic Accounts: Quantified Images of Drug Problems in the Print Media
This paper examines how journalists and graphic artists in the national print media used statistical results from annual surveys of student drug use to construct quantified claims about a cocaine epidemic and other drug problems in 1986 and in subsequent years. Editorial and creative decisions entailed in transforming modest yearly changes in time-series data into a dramatic graphic image of "a coke plague" early in 1986 are reconstructed. The ch…
Factors facilitating adjustment to unemployment: Implications for intervention
Conducted a community survey in the Fall of 1984 in a sample of high unemployment blue-collar census tracts in southeastern Michigan. Results of earlier analyses using these data showed that involuntarily unemployed workers had significantly elevated levels of depression, anxiety, somatization, and self-reported physical illness relative to a stably employed comparison group (Kessler, House, & Turner, 1987). Results presented in this paper docume…
Social Contingencies in Mental Health: A Seven-Year Follow-Up Study of Teenage Mothers
This paper reports analyses from a 7-year follow-up investigation of women pregnant as teenagers who had been studied during their pregnancy and shortly following their child's birth. The objective of these analyses was to identify potentially modifiable factors that might influence or condition psychological adaptation within this high-risk population. Consistent with prior research, differences in social support and in personal resources or att…
School-Based Screening to Identify At-Risk Students Not Already Known to School Professionals: The Columbia Suicide Screen
Objectives. We sought to determine the degree of overlap between students identified through school-based suicide screening and those thought to be at risk by school administrative and clinical professionals. Methods. Students from 7 high schools in the New York metropolitan area completed the Columbia Suicide Screen; 489 of the 1729 students screened had positive results. The clinical status of 641 students (73% of those who had screened positiv…
School-Based Screening for Suicide Risk: Balancing Costs and Benefits
Objectives. We examined the effects of a scoring algorithm change on the burden and sensitivity of a screen for adolescent suicide risk. Methods. The Columbia Suicide Screen was used to screen 641 high school students for high suicide risk (recent ideation or lifetime attempt and depression, or anxiety, or substance use), determined by subsequent blind assessment with the Diagnostic Interview Schedule for Children. We compared the accuracy of dif…
A further analysis of race differences in the National Longitudinal Mortality Study
OBJECTIVES: The purpose of this study was to investigate associations between race and specific causes of mortality among adults 25 years and older in the National Longitudinal Mortality Study. METHODS: Mortality hazard ratios between races during 9 years of follow-up were estimated with Cox proportional hazards models, with control for multiple indicators of socioeconomic status (SES) and SES-relevant variables. RESULTS: Black persons younger th…
Mediators of interpersonal psychotherapy for depressed adolescents on outcomes in Latinos: The role of peer and family interpersonal functioning
Psychosocial Stress: Perspectives on Structure, Theory, Life-Course, and Methods
Part I. Introduction: 1. Perspectives on Psychosocial Stress. Part II. Components of the Psychosocial Stress Process 2. The Domains and Boundaries of Stress Concepts. 3. Mediating and Moderating Processes in Psychosocial Stress: Appraisal, Coping, Resistance, and Vulnerability. 4. Consequences of Psychosocial Stress: The Universe of Stress Outcomes. Part III. Theoretical Perspectives on Psychosocial Stress 5. Social Identities and Psychosocial St…
Unemployment and Health in a Community Sample
Premiere synthese des resultats d'une enquete sur le chomage dans le sud-est du Michigan. On a mis l'accent sur les circonstances et le contexte de la perte de travail pour eliminer le biais de selection dans l'estimation des effets du chomage. L'analyse documente l'impact substantiel du chomage sur la sante physique, la somatisation, l'angoisse et la depression
Effects of Unemployment on Health in a Community Survey: Main, Modifying, and Mediating Effects
Results from a community survey in a sample of high‐unemployment census tracts in southeastern Michigan showed significant elevations of depression, anxiety, somatization, and self‐reported physical illness among the currently unemployed. These adverse effects were largely reversed by reemployment. Subsequent analyses documented modifying effects of social support, self‐concept, and coping. We also found two mediating processes that account for t…
Unemployment, Reemployment, and Emotional Functioning in a Community Sample
We report results from a large-scale survey of the effects of unemployment on emotional functioning. The study design explicitly considers the possibility that prior emotional functioning may influence the risk of unemployment and chances for reemployment. We document substantial effects of unemployment on distress as well as positive emotional effects of reemployment. Contrary to initial expectations, the probability of reemployment is unrelated…
Factors facilitating adjustment to unemployment: Implications for intervention
Conducted a community survey in the Fall of 1984 in a sample of high unemployment blue-collar census tracts in southeastern Michigan. Results of earlier analyses using these data showed that involuntarily unemployed workers had significantly elevated levels of depression, anxiety, somatization, and self-reported physical illness relative to a stably employed comparison group (Kessler, House, & Turner, 1987). Results presented in this paper docume…
Workings of the Household: A U.S.-U.K. Comparison
The Psychological Impact of Unemployment
Contents: Introduction and Overview.- Background Research.- Theoretical Approaches from the Study of Work, Employment, and Unemployment.- Theoretical Approaches: Some Wider Frameworks.- Scales and Measures.- Youth Unemployment: Single-Group Studies.- Youth Unemployment: Comparison-Group Studies.- Youth Unemployment: Longitudinal Studies.- Studies with Older-Age Groups.- Epilogue.- References.- Author Index.- Subject Index
Shocking Numbers and Graphic Accounts: Quantified Images of Drug Problems in the Print Media
This paper examines how journalists and graphic artists in the national print media used statistical results from annual surveys of student drug use to construct quantified claims about a cocaine epidemic and other drug problems in 1986 and in subsequent years. Editorial and creative decisions entailed in transforming modest yearly changes in time-series data into a dramatic graphic image of "a coke plague" early in 1986 are reconstructed. The ch…
Economic Context and the Health Effects of Unemployment
Most studies of the health consequences of unemployment ignore the economic context within which job loss occurs. Using data from a subset (N = 1,252) of a national probability sample, this paper compares the effects of current and previous unemployment on depression and subjective physical health status across levels of educational attainment and local job availability. Results show that current unemployment effects among the previously unemploy…
Psychosocial Stress: Perspectives on Structure, Theory, Life-Course, and Methods
Part I. Introduction: 1. Perspectives on Psychosocial Stress. Part II. Components of the Psychosocial Stress Process 2. The Domains and Boundaries of Stress Concepts. 3. Mediating and Moderating Processes in Psychosocial Stress: Appraisal, Coping, Resistance, and Vulnerability. 4. Consequences of Psychosocial Stress: The Universe of Stress Outcomes. Part III. Theoretical Perspectives on Psychosocial Stress 5. Social Identities and Psychosocial St…
A further analysis of race differences in the National Longitudinal Mortality Study
OBJECTIVES: The purpose of this study was to investigate associations between race and specific causes of mortality among adults 25 years and older in the National Longitudinal Mortality Study. METHODS: Mortality hazard ratios between races during 9 years of follow-up were estimated with Cox proportional hazards models, with control for multiple indicators of socioeconomic status (SES) and SES-relevant variables. RESULTS: Black persons younger th…
The Latino mortality paradox: A test of the "salmon bias" and healthy migrant hypotheses
OBJECTIVES: Relative to non-Latino Whites, Latinos have a worse socioeconomic profile but a lower mortality rate, a finding that presents an epidemiologic paradox. This study tested the salmon bias hypothesis that Latinos engage in return migration to their country of origin and are thereby rendered "statistically immortal" and the alternative hypothesis that selection of healthier migrants to the United States accounts for the paradox. METHODS: …
Social Contingencies in Mental Health: A Seven-Year Follow-Up Study of Teenage Mothers
This paper reports analyses from a 7-year follow-up investigation of women pregnant as teenagers who had been studied during their pregnancy and shortly following their child's birth. The objective of these analyses was to identify potentially modifiable factors that might influence or condition psychological adaptation within this high-risk population. Consistent with prior research, differences in social support and in personal resources or att…
Depressive Symptoms of Caregiving Women in Midlife: The Role of Physical Health
This research examined the relationships between providing assistance to aging family members, caregivers' age, caregivers' perceptions of their physical health, and caregivers' depressive symptoms. Several alternative hypotheses were examined. Longitudinal data from 1,898 women from the 1992 and 2000 waves of the Health and Retirement Study (HRS) were used. Results indicate a reciprocal relationship between depression and physical health. These …
The Psychological Risks of Vietnam for U.S. Veterans: A Revisit with New Data and Methods
In 1988, the National Vietnam Veterans Readjustment Study (NVVRS) of a representative sample of 1200 veterans estimated that 30.9% had developed posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) during their lifetimes and that 15.2% were currently suffering from PTSD. The study also found a strong dose-response relationship: As retrospective reports of combat exposure increased, PTSD occurrence increased. Skeptics have argued that these results are inflated b…
School-Based Screening to Identify At-Risk Students Not Already Known to School Professionals: The Columbia Suicide Screen
Objectives. We sought to determine the degree of overlap between students identified through school-based suicide screening and those thought to be at risk by school administrative and clinical professionals. Methods. Students from 7 high schools in the New York metropolitan area completed the Columbia Suicide Screen; 489 of the 1729 students screened had positive results. The clinical status of 641 students (73% of those who had screened positiv…
School-Based Screening for Suicide Risk: Balancing Costs and Benefits
Objectives. We examined the effects of a scoring algorithm change on the burden and sensitivity of a screen for adolescent suicide risk. Methods. The Columbia Suicide Screen was used to screen 641 high school students for high suicide risk (recent ideation or lifetime attempt and depression, or anxiety, or substance use), determined by subsequent blind assessment with the Diagnostic Interview Schedule for Children. We compared the accuracy of dif…
Social Relations, Social Integration, and Social Support
Posttraumatic stress reactions among Rwandan youth in the second year after the genocide: Rising trajectory among girls
This study examines levels of traumatic stress reactions among youth attending school in the second year after the 1994 Rwandan genocide. From August to December 1995, the survey team visited 22 schools throughout Rwanda. The survey (n = 942; youth aged 8 to 19 years) assessed exposure to wartime violence and symptoms of posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD), as outlined in the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (4th ed., text r…
Negative and Distorted Attributions Towards Child, Self, and Primary Attachment Figure Among Posttraumatically Stressed Mothers: What Changes with Clinician Assisted Videofeedback Exposure Sessions (C…
Mediators of interpersonal psychotherapy for depressed adolescents on outcomes in Latinos: The role of peer and family interpersonal functioning
Development of a revised and abbreviated version of the postpartum bonding questionnaire (PBQ‐R): First U.S. validation and association to child outcomes
The postpartum bonding questionnaire (PBQ) is a maternal‐reported 25‐item measure of bonding, available in 15 languages, and widely used for clinical and research purposes in the United States (U.S.) and across the globe. Nonetheless, its putative 4‐factor structure initially proposed in 2001 has never generalized or been replicated in other samples, nor has it been studied in U.S. populations. Using a U.S.‐based sample of 610 English‐speaking mo…
Psychology (16 works) · Medicine (10 works) · Clinical Psychology (9 works) · Psychiatry (9 works) · Economics (7 works) · Employment and Welfare Studies (6 works) · Mental health (6 works) · Unemployment (6 works) · Child and Adolescent Psychosocial and Emotional Development (5 works) · Clinical Psychology (5 works)