Paula Gilbert Lewis
Biographic Data
| ID | 764753 |
|---|---|
| NAME | Paula Gilbert Lewis |
| GIVEN NAMES | Paula Gilbert |
| FAMILY NAME | Lewis |
| SIGNATURE | LEWIS P G |
| AFFILIATIONS | The Open University |
| ORCID | 0000-0002-3890-158X |
| VERIFIED | Yes |
| TOTAL WORKS | 62 |
| TOTAL CITATIONS | 566 |
| AUTHOR COUNT | 62 |
| EDITOR COUNT | 0 |
| FIRST PUBLICATION YEAR | 1978 |
| LATEST PUBLICATION YEAR | 2024 |
| H-INDEX | 9 |
Party Development and Democratic Change in Post-communist Europe
This work surveys processes of party development in the context of the ten years of democratic change in post-communist eastern Europe. It examines the capacity of the former ruling parties to attract contemporary voters and their role in contributing to the consolidation of the new democratic regimes
Jurisdictional Size and Residential Development: Are Large-Scale Local Governments More Receptive to Multifamily Housing
In the United States, particularly in high-cost urban areas, local resistance to multifamily housing development has been widely noted. In many metropolitan areas, legal authority over land-use regulation is assigned to jurisdictions that often are very small, and some scholars argue that this small-scale local control institutionalizes neighborhood-level opposition to new construction. Using census tracts as units of analysis, we assess the rela…
A Response to Comments on “What Planners Know: Using Surveys About Local Land Use Regulation to Understand Housing Development”
"A Response to Comments on “What Planners Know: Using Surveys About Local Land Use Regulation to Understand Housing Development”." Journal of the American Planning Association, 86(2), pp. 270–271
In gun we trust? A homily
Exegetically and homiletically, I offer the possibility that gun violence in US society represents God’s judgment upon our culture’s love for the gun. Talk of judgment may sound foreboding, but properly understood, it may be what the Exodus reading depicts. Current events involving multiple mass shootings in schools, churches, and public spaces may be indicative of the judgment of God on succeeding, innocent generations for the sins of our ancest…
Moral Foundations in the 2015-16 U.S. Presidential Primary Debates: The Positive and Negative Moral Vocabulary of Partisan Elites
Moral foundations theory (MFT) suggests that individuals on the political left draw upon moral intuitions relating primarily to care and fairness, whereas conservatives are more motivated than liberals by authority, ingroup, and purity concerns. The theory of conservatism as motivated social cognition (CMSC) suggests that conservatives are more attuned than liberals to threat and to negative stimuli. Because evidence for both accounts rests on st…
Beliefs About Corporate America and the Structure of Opinions Toward Privatization
Public Authorities and Other Kludges: A Commentary on Savitch and Adhikari
Policing Immigrants: Local Law Enforcement on the Front Lines
Moral Intuitions and Smart Growth: Why Do Liberals and Conservatives View Compact Development so Differently
Political liberals are significantly more supportive than conservatives of walkable, mixed-use neighborhoods, transit-oriented development, and other aspects of the “compact city,” not just in their views about government policy toward metropolitan development but also in their consumption preferences regarding neighborhoods. I argue that social psychologists’ theory of moral intuitionism helps account for these differences. In this view, liberal…
Why Do (Some) City Police Departments Enforce Federal Immigration Law? Political, Demographic, and Organizational Influences on Local Choices
In 1996, Congress created a new way to enforce national immigration laws, inviting state and local law enforcement personnel to become formally involved in the effort. Why have police departments in some communities embraced increased involvement in immigration enforcement, whereas others have shunned this role? Do local elected officials typically determine the contours of police practice in this area or do police departments act with considerab…
Local Development Policies and the Foreclosure Crisis in California: Can Local Policies Hold Back National Tides
Can local governments shape the long-run fortunes of their communities through their own policies, or is the autonomy of localities swamped by larger macroeconomic forces? This study considers the relationship between California municipalities’ policy orientations toward residential development at the start of the housing boom in the late 1990s and the subsequent incidence of foreclosures during the housing crisis in 2008 and 2009. The authors fi…
A Multilayered Jurisdictional Patchwork: Immigration Federalism in the United States
This article focuses on the immigration‐related demands currently being placed on local police in the United States and the emergence of what we call a “multilayered jurisdictional patchwork” (MJP) of immigration enforcement. We report results from nationwide surveys of city police chiefs and county sheriffs and intensive fieldwork in three jurisdictions. The enforcement landscape we describe is complicated by the varying and overlapping responsi…
Size and Local Democracy: Scale Effects in City Politics
As James Madison would not hesitate to tell us, the scale of a polity or jurisdiction is one of the most basic factors organizing political life. By scale, I refer to the number of inhabitants (or, alternately, constituents or voters) in a political unit, although geographic size may also shape political behavior. Large jurisdictional scale implies that candidates for office must campaign in larger constituencies, necessitating more use of paid m…
Two Decades of Post-communist Transformation: Successes and Failures
The Muhammad cartoons and humor research: A collection of essays
At the 2006 conference of the International Society for Humor Studies (Danish University of Education, Copenhagen), several panels addressed issues raised by the Muhammad cartoon story. Among these, a colloquium organized by Paul Lewis and decorously titled “Transnational Ridicule and Response” focused on the implications for humor research of the events surrounding the publication of the cartoons. Along with other materials, panelists were encou…
Reinventing Poland: Economic and Political Transformation and Evolving National Identity – Edited by M. Myant and T. Cox
Changes in the party politics of the new EU member states in Central Europe: Patterns of Europeanization and democratization
The article falls into three parts: an introduction that points to some general links between Europeanization, democratization and party status in the new accession countries, a more extensive discussion of developments in particular areas of party development since the enlargement of 2004, and some tentative conclusions (or suggestions) about continuing processes of democratization within the context of the European Union. In terms of party poli…
Police Practices in Immigrant-Destination Cities: Political Control or Bureaucratic Professionalism
Political incorporation theory suggests that the incorporation of new groups into city electoral politics will precede any improvements in the way that local bureaucracies treat members of those groups. We argue, however, that the logic and sequencing of political incorporation and bureaucratic response do not apply when explaining police practices toward immigrant residents. Drawing on survey evidence and case studies of California cities, we fi…
Party systems in post-communist Central Europe: Patterns of stability and consolidation
When eight former communist countries joined the European Union in 2004 it was accepted that they all had reasonably well-established democratic systems. The extent to which this also meant that they had a range of political parties that cohered into anything like a stable party system was less clear, however. Different views have been expressed on this question, and it may also be queried how well current views of what the concept of party syste…
EU Enlargement and Party Systems in Central Europe
Membership of the European Union will undoubtedly have a major effect on the course of political developments in the countries of Central Europe, although it is difficult to predict any particular consequences for the region's party systems. Its impact on CE party systems is, nevertheless, likely to be stronger than in Western Europe owing to their being more fluid and less well consolidated. An initial survey of parliamentary elections held prio…
Democracy in post-communist Europe, fifteen years on: A concluding note
As the foregoing contributions have shown, democracy in post-communist Europe can be evaluated in both its quantitative and its qualitative aspects. The quantitative dimension can be defined more e
What is the right way in East–Central Europe? Concluding remarks
Municipal Institutions and Voter Turnout in Local Elections
Although low voter turnout in national elections has garnered considerable attention and concern, much lower turnout in municipal elections has often been largely ignored. Using a survey of cities in California, this article examines a series of institutional remedies to low turnout in mayoral and city council elections. Moving local elections to coincide with the dates of national elections would have by far the largest impact on voter turnout, …
Offering Incentives for New Development: The Role of City Social Status, Politics, and Local Growth Experiences
The propensity of municipal governments to offer incentives for new development is empirically examined, drawing upon both the literature on local economic development policy and studies of local residential restrictions. The data are from a 1998 mail survey of city managers in California in which officials assessed the likelihood that their local governments would offer financial assistance or zoning changes to various types of new business and …
The `Third Wave' of Democracy in Eastern Europe: Comparative Perspectives on Party Roles and Political Development
Political parties were not generally major actors in the early stages of democratization in eastern Europe, and their role has been a highly central but limited one in the politics of the region overall. How different has east European democratization been from earlier cases in this respect and how far has the contribution made by parties to the process changed? Their role is first examined in the framework of the `three waves of democracy' that …
A Multilayered Jurisdictional Patchwork: Immigration Federalism in the United States
This article focuses on the immigration‐related demands currently being placed on local police in the United States and the emergence of what we call a “multilayered jurisdictional patchwork” (MJP) of immigration enforcement. We report results from nationwide surveys of city police chiefs and county sheriffs and intensive fieldwork in three jurisdictions. The enforcement landscape we describe is complicated by the varying and overlapping responsi…
Municipal Institutions and Voter Turnout in Local Elections
Although low voter turnout in national elections has garnered considerable attention and concern, much lower turnout in municipal elections has often been largely ignored. Using a survey of cities in California, this article examines a series of institutional remedies to low turnout in mayoral and city council elections. Moving local elections to coincide with the dates of national elections would have by far the largest impact on voter turnout, …
Police Practices in Immigrant-Destination Cities: Political Control or Bureaucratic Professionalism
Political incorporation theory suggests that the incorporation of new groups into city electoral politics will precede any improvements in the way that local bureaucracies treat members of those groups. We argue, however, that the logic and sequencing of political incorporation and bureaucratic response do not apply when explaining police practices toward immigrant residents. Drawing on survey evidence and case studies of California cities, we fi…
Why Do (Some) City Police Departments Enforce Federal Immigration Law? Political, Demographic, and Organizational Influences on Local Choices
In 1996, Congress created a new way to enforce national immigration laws, inviting state and local law enforcement personnel to become formally involved in the effort. Why have police departments in some communities embraced increased involvement in immigration enforcement, whereas others have shunned this role? Do local elected officials typically determine the contours of police practice in this area or do police departments act with considerab…
Party systems in post-communist Central Europe: Patterns of stability and consolidation
When eight former communist countries joined the European Union in 2004 it was accepted that they all had reasonably well-established democratic systems. The extent to which this also meant that they had a range of political parties that cohered into anything like a stable party system was less clear, however. Different views have been expressed on this question, and it may also be queried how well current views of what the concept of party syste…
The Muhammad cartoons and humor research: A collection of essays
At the 2006 conference of the International Society for Humor Studies (Danish University of Education, Copenhagen), several panels addressed issues raised by the Muhammad cartoon story. Among these, a colloquium organized by Paul Lewis and decorously titled “Transnational Ridicule and Response” focused on the implications for humor research of the events surrounding the publication of the cartoons. Along with other materials, panelists were encou…
Political institutionalisation and party development in post‐communist Poland
Following the triumph of Solidarity forces and the rapid progress made towards the dismantling of the communist regime in 1989, Poland's subsequent political development and its success in moving towards the establishment of a stable democratic order have tended to be viewed in a problematic light. When fully competitive parliamentary elections were held in October 1991 it was argued that the parties which contested them were weak, fragmented, il…
The `Third Wave' of Democracy in Eastern Europe: Comparative Perspectives on Party Roles and Political Development
Political parties were not generally major actors in the early stages of democratization in eastern Europe, and their role has been a highly central but limited one in the politics of the region overall. How different has east European democratization been from earlier cases in this respect and how far has the contribution made by parties to the process changed? Their role is first examined in the framework of the `three waves of democracy' that …
Theories of democratization and patterns of regime change in Eastern Europe
The transition from communist rule to democracy has taken different forms in different countries of Eastern Europe, and the pace of democratization has varied markedly. These variations pose challenges to theoretical models of democratization. The globalization of the world economy, together with the broader process of modernization, is one factor that sheds light on the differentiated pattern, however difficult to apply in particular cases. By c…
Looking Outward or Turning Inward: Motivations for Development Decisions in California Central Cities and Suburbs
The author probes for differences among central cities, suburbs, and rural communities in the perceived importance of various motivations for development decisions, drawing on a mail survey of city managers/administrators in California. Central-city respondents are more inclined to “look outward” in making land-use decisions, attributing greater importance to certain regional economic and development challenges, whereas suburbs are somewhat more …
Regionalism and Representation: Measuring and Assessing Representation in Metropolitan Planning Organizations
Despite renewed interest in metropolitan governance, little attention has been given to issues of representation by regional governing entities. Many regional bodies operate under an arrangement whereby each local government receives an equal vote-systematically underrepresenting large jurisdictions and unincorporated areas. The author describes an index to measure the (dis)proportionality of representation on the governing boards of regional ins…
Beliefs About Corporate America and the Structure of Opinions Toward Privatization
Local Development Policies and the Foreclosure Crisis in California: Can Local Policies Hold Back National Tides
Can local governments shape the long-run fortunes of their communities through their own policies, or is the autonomy of localities swamped by larger macroeconomic forces? This study considers the relationship between California municipalities’ policy orientations toward residential development at the start of the housing boom in the late 1990s and the subsequent incidence of foreclosures during the housing crisis in 2008 and 2009. The authors fi…
Size and Local Democracy: Scale Effects in City Politics
As James Madison would not hesitate to tell us, the scale of a polity or jurisdiction is one of the most basic factors organizing political life. By scale, I refer to the number of inhabitants (or, alternately, constituents or voters) in a political unit, although geographic size may also shape political behavior. Large jurisdictional scale implies that candidates for office must campaign in larger constituencies, necessitating more use of paid m…
City Bound: Political Science and the American Metropolis
The study of urban politics was once central to the political science dis cipline in the United States. As central cities have lost their dominant posi tion in the metropolis, however, political science's urbanists have remained fixated on the conflicts and crises of the urban core, while largely ignoring urban politics that occurs outside the city limits. This focus has resulted in a skewed understanding of urban America, and may limit the analy…
Democratization and party development in Eastern Europe
Awareness of the problems of prediction has come to the fore with the ending of the cold war and uncertainty has become a major feature of areas affected by it, not least the countries of eastern Europe in relation to the development of democratic institutions and practices. Party development is a central part of this process and one recent attempt to theorize it directs attention, rather like the approach taken by modern chaos theory, to the per…
Changes in the party politics of the new EU member states in Central Europe: Patterns of Europeanization and democratization
The article falls into three parts: an introduction that points to some general links between Europeanization, democratization and party status in the new accession countries, a more extensive discussion of developments in particular areas of party development since the enlargement of 2004, and some tentative conclusions (or suggestions) about continuing processes of democratization within the context of the European Union. In terms of party poli…
Moral Foundations in the 2015-16 U.S. Presidential Primary Debates: The Positive and Negative Moral Vocabulary of Partisan Elites
Moral foundations theory (MFT) suggests that individuals on the political left draw upon moral intuitions relating primarily to care and fairness, whereas conservatives are more motivated than liberals by authority, ingroup, and purity concerns. The theory of conservatism as motivated social cognition (CMSC) suggests that conservatives are more attuned than liberals to threat and to negative stimuli. Because evidence for both accounts rests on st…
Offering Incentives for New Development: The Role of City Social Status, Politics, and Local Growth Experiences
The propensity of municipal governments to offer incentives for new development is empirically examined, drawing upon both the literature on local economic development policy and studies of local residential restrictions. The data are from a 1998 mail survey of city managers in California in which officials assessed the likelihood that their local governments would offer financial assistance or zoning changes to various types of new business and …
The Local Roots of Federal Policy Change: Transportation in the 1990s
Although allegedly "all politics is local," studies of policy changes in the United States tend to emphasize national political cleavages, national issue-attention cycles, and inside-the-Beltway approaches to issue networks. We argue that more accurate and complete explanations of national policy changes require a broader consideration of problem definition and issue framing at the local level, as well as intergovernmental political pressures. Us…
The Repositioning of Opposition in East‐Central Europe
THE EVENTS OF 1989 IN EASTERN EUROPE HAVE BEEN INTERPRETED in diverse and often contradictory ways: from the end of history to its rebirth, as both negotiated revolutions and popular uprisings. In many countries a fundamental repositioning of opposition and dissident forces was observed — changing from groups of anti-system activists quite outside the political establishment into major statesmen and national leaders involving, in some cases, rapi…
Moral Intuitions and Smart Growth: Why Do Liberals and Conservatives View Compact Development so Differently
Political liberals are significantly more supportive than conservatives of walkable, mixed-use neighborhoods, transit-oriented development, and other aspects of the “compact city,” not just in their views about government policy toward metropolitan development but also in their consumption preferences regarding neighborhoods. I argue that social psychologists’ theory of moral intuitionism helps account for these differences. In this view, liberal…
The lessons of comparative politics: Russian political parties as independent variables
The study of comparative politics suggests that, while Russia is undeniably unique, and while it would be naive to expect cues for research always to be provided by studies of Western and Eastern and Central European parties, a greater emphasis should be placed on research into party organization and institutionalization in Russia. This would achieve a better balance between our understanding of parties as dependent variables that are influenced …
Models of Party Development and Questions of State Dependence in Poland
In the wake of the 1993 Polish election it became obvious to party leaders not just that it was only the Polish Peasant Party that could claim mass status but that other parties had little prospect of developing along those lines. This provided the occasion for a general review of the conditions of party development which could be linked with the range of party models discussed in political science literature. While the paths of party development…
Openness and foreign policy reform in communist states
Journal Article Openness and foreign policy reform in communist states Get access Openness and foreign policy reform in communist states. By Gerald Segal. London: Routledge for Royal Institute of International Affairs. 1992. 248p. Index. £40.00. ISBN 0 415 08275 7. Paul Lewis Paul Lewis 1The Open University Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar International Affairs, Volume 69, Issue 2, April 1993, Pages 357–358…
Practical Problems and Solutions for Teacher ‘Re‐Preparation’ for Interdisciplinary Foreign Language and Literature Courses
The preference of many college students for interdisciplinary studies creates problems for faculty members who, trained in traditional methods of teaching and specializations, have to undertake additional study, relearn material, and reorient their attitudes about the teaching of specific fields. Initially, an interdisciplinary approach can be achieved within the framework of a traditional course by using texts from related disciplines and provid…
The Resignation of Old Age, Sickness, and Death in the Fiction of Gabrielle Roy
Obstacles to the Establishment of Political Legitimacy in Communist Poland
Legitimacy may be defined as that political condition in which power-holders are able to justify their holding of power in terms other than those of the mere fact of power-holding. According to one view such justifications are increasingly tenuous due to the conditions under which the modern state has arisen and the means it employs in order to persist. Theories of legitimacy typically view power from two aspects – from that of its origins and fr…
Gabrielle Roy 1909–1983
Tragic and Humanistic Visions of the Future: The Fictional World of Gabrielle Roy
From Shattered Reflections to Female Bonding: Mirroring in Marie-Claire Blais's Visions D'Anna
La dernière des grandes conteuses: Une conversation avec Gabrielle Roy
Suite une brve correspondance entretenue avec Gabrielle Roy, au printemps 1981, celle-ci eut la gentillesse de m'inviter lui rendre visite, le dimanche 29 juin de la mme anne, sa rsidence d't de Petite-Rivire-Saint-Franois (Charlevoix), une centaine de kilomtres au nord de la ville de Qubec. Aprs une quinzaine de minutes d'entre en matire commena ce que nous avions convenu d'appeler une entrevue la bonne franquette, sans magntophone. J'avais prpa…
Inscriptions of the Feminine: A Century of Women Writing in Quebec
The PZPR leadership and political developments in Poland: A note
The polish party apparatus: Changes in provincial first secretaries, 1975–1984
Sex equity in bilingual education, english as a second language, and foreign language instruction
1986). Sex equity in bilingual education, english as a second language, and foreign language instruction. Theory Into Practice: Vol. 25, Sex Equity and Education, pp. 257-266
Letters from prison and other essays and The Polish dilemma: Views from within
Letters from prison and other essays and The Polish dilemma: views from within Letters from prison and other essays. By Adam Michnik. London: University of California Press. 1987. 354pp. Index. Pb. $9.95. ISBN 0 520 06175 6.The Polish dilemma: views from within. Edited by Lawrence S. Grahamand Maria K. Ciechocinska. London: Westview. 1987. 260pp. Index. ISBN 0 8133 7160 0. Paul G. Lewis Paul G. Lewis 1Open University Search for other works by thi…
Les Textes Dramatiques Radiophoniques De Marie-Claire Blais
Social Scientific Analysis of God's Playground: Two Recent Books on Poland
Democracy and Civil Society in Eastern Europe
The book presents an informed and wide-ranging examination of issues surrounding the development and future prospects of civil society in Eastern Europe. The contributions, mostly by leading East Euro
Communist regimes in comparative perspective: The evolution of the Soviet, Chinese and Yugoslav models
Journal Article Communist regimes in comparative perspective: the evolution of the Soviet, Chinese and Yugoslav models Get access Communist regimes in comparative perspective: the evolution of the Soviet, Chinese and Yugoslav models. By Peter Ferdinand. Hemel Hempstead: Harvester/Wheatsheaf. 1991. 332pp. Index. £49.95; ISBN 0 7108 0175 0. Pb.: £12.95 ; ISBN 0 7108 0180 7. Paul Lewis Paul Lewis 1The Open University Search for other works by this a…
Professionals, power and Solidarity in Poland: A critical sociology of Soviet-type society
Journal Article Professionals, power and Solidarity in Poland: a critical sociology of Soviet-type society Get access Professionals, power and Solidarity in Poland: a critical sociology of Soviet-type society. By Michael D. Kennedy. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. 1991. 421pp. Index. £45.00. ISBN 0 521 39083 4. Paul Lewis Paul Lewis 1The Open University, Milton Keynes Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar…
Housing and American Privatism: The Origins and Evolution of Subsidized Home-Ownership Policy
In the late 1980s, congressional investigations revealed patterns of influence peddling, lack of oversight, and poorly targeted expenditures at the U.S. Department of Housing and Urban Development, criticizing both the content and administration of various federal housing initiatives. Some commentators have concluded that the dogged preference for a private-sector strategy and the privatization of public activities in the Reagan administration—go…
Openness and foreign policy reform in communist states
Journal Article Openness and foreign policy reform in communist states Get access Openness and foreign policy reform in communist states. By Gerald Segal. London: Routledge for Royal Institute of International Affairs. 1992. 248p. Index. £40.00. ISBN 0 415 08275 7. Paul Lewis Paul Lewis 1The Open University Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar International Affairs, Volume 69, Issue 2, April 1993, Pages 357–358…
Political institutionalisation and party development in post‐communist Poland
Following the triumph of Solidarity forces and the rapid progress made towards the dismantling of the communist regime in 1989, Poland's subsequent political development and its success in moving towards the establishment of a stable democratic order have tended to be viewed in a problematic light. When fully competitive parliamentary elections were held in October 1991 it was argued that the parties which contested them were weak, fragmented, il…
The rise and fall of communism in Eastern Europe
Journal Article The rise and fall of communism in Eastern Europe Get access The rise and fall of communism in Eastern Europe. By Ben Fowkes. London: Macmillan with St Martin's Press, New York. 1993. 228pp. Index. £40.00. ISBN 0 333 54478 1. Paul Lewis Paul Lewis 1The Open University Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar International Affairs, Volume 70, Issue 2, April 1994, Page 365, https://doi.org/10.2307/2625…
Democratization and party development in Eastern Europe
Awareness of the problems of prediction has come to the fore with the ending of the cold war and uncertainty has become a major feature of areas affected by it, not least the countries of eastern Europe in relation to the development of democratic institutions and practices. Party development is a central part of this process and one recent attempt to theorize it directs attention, rather like the approach taken by modern chaos theory, to the per…
Stabilising Fragile Democracies: New Party Systems in Southern and Eastern Europe
Introduction: Stabilising Fragile Democracies and Party System Development 1. Party Inheritance and Party Identities 2. From Nomenclature to Clientura: The Emergence of New Party Systems in East-Central Europe 3. Structuring the New Party Systems after the Dictatorship: Coalitions, Alliances, Fusions and Splits during the Transition and Post Transition Stages 4. Parties and Electoral Choices in East-Central Europe 5. Italy's Postwar Transition in…
Contours of the shadowlands: The trials of transition in Eastern Europe
Sten Berglund and Jan Åke Dellenbrant (eds.), The New Democracies in Eastern Europe: Party Systems and Political Cleavages, 2nd edn. (Aldershot: Edward Elgar, 1994). Pp.xiii + 266; £45 (hardback); £14.95 (paperback); ISBN 1 85278 932 8 and 185278 933 6 Christopher G.A. Bryant and Edmund Mokrzycki (eds.), The New Great Transformation? Change and Continuity in East‐Central Europe (London: Routledge, 1994). Pp.xi + 228; £37.50 (hardback); £13.99 (pa…
Poland and eastern Europe: Perspectives on party factions and factionalism
Diverse perspectives on factions exist in political science literature and something of a mixed picture exists in this respect in relation to party factionalism and democratization in Eastern Europe. In Poland party factions were formally recognized in the statute of the Democratic Union until its merger with the Liberal Democratic Congress, although for much of the time it remained a relatively unified if rather ineffective political force. The …
Political science (54 works) · Politics (45 works) · Law (44 works) · Sociology (38 works) · Law (37 works) · Political economy (24 works) · Economics (21 works) · Eastern European Communism and Reforms (20 works) · Public Administration (18 works) · Communism (17 works)