Rebecca Redfern
Dados Biográficos
| ID | 76688 |
|---|---|
| NOME | Rebecca Redfern |
| PRENOMES | Rebecca |
| SOBRENOME | Redfern |
| ASSINATURA | REDFERN R |
| AFILIAÇÕES | Museum of London |
| ORCID | 0000-0001-8849-8867 |
| VERIFICADO | Sim |
| TOTAL DE OBRAS | 41 |
| TOTAL DE CITAÇÕES | 319 |
| TOTAL COMO AUTOR | 41 |
| TOTAL COMO EDITOR | 0 |
| PRIMEIRO ANO DE PUBLICAÇÃO | 2003 |
| ANO MAIS RECENTE DE PUBLICAÇÃO | 2026 |
| ÍNDICE H | 11 |
Regional and Temporal Differences in Disease, Trauma, and Mortality in Iron Age Britain
The British Iron Age (eighth to first centuries B.C.) is characterized by agrarian communities who were regionally diverse and highly distinctive. In this study, we explored three new research questions about these communities using data derived from the primary inhumations of Middle Iron Age (400–100 B.C.) Yorkshire and Early to Late Iron Age Dorset (eighth century B.C. to early–mid first century A.D.) and a range of statistical approaches: did …
Intestinal Parasitic Infection in Roman Britain
The aim of this study is to estimate the minimum prevalence of intestinal parasites in the population of Roman London through analysis of pelvic sediment from 29 third- to fourth-century burials from the 1989 excavations of the western cemetery at 24–30 West Smithfield, 18–20 Cock Lane and 1–4 Giltspur Street (WES89). Microscopy was used to identify roundworm eggs in 10.3 per cent of burials. We integrate these results with past palaeoparasitolog…
Evidence for punishment and execution on the foreshore
Race, Population Affinity, and Mortality Risk during the Second Plague Pandemic in Fourteenth-Century London, England
We investigate whether hazards of death from plague and physiological stress at a fourteenth-century plague cemetery (Royal Mint, London) differed between populations using N = 49 adults whose affiliation was established using macromorphoscopic traits. Compared to a nonplague cemetery (N = 96), there was a greater proportion of people of estimated African affiliation in the plague burials. Cox proportional hazards analysis revealed higher hazards…
Iron Age ‘Predatory Landscapes
This paper proposes a multi-disciplinary approach which can be used to identify captives and the enslaved of Iron Age Britain (seventh centurybc–adfirst century). It uses a ‘poetics of violence’ perspective which recognizes that violence and warfare are created and enacted through social relations, and encompasses violence for which there is often no archaeological trace. Roman primary sources, bog-bodies and other archaeological evidence from Ir…
A new method for investigating the relationship between diet and mortality
Background: The population of Roman Britain are renowned for having elevated nitrogen (δ 15 ) stable isotope values, which have been interpreted as evidence for the increased consumption of marine products. However, such results are now understood to also reflect episodes of stress and disease, suggesting that new interpretations are warranted. Aim: To test a novel approach which combines hazard mortality analysis and stable isotope data to deter…
Genetic resiliency and the Black Death
Objectives In the 14th century AD, medieval Europe was severely affected by the Great European Famine as well as repeated bouts of disease, including the Black Death, causing major demographic shifts. This high volatility led to increased mobility and migration due to new labor and economic opportunities, as evidenced by documentary and stable isotope data. This study uses ancient DNA (aDNA) isolated from skeletal remains to examine whether evide…
A Novel Investigation into Migrant and Local Health-Statuses in the Past
Migration continues to be a central theme in archaeology, and bioarchaeology has made significant contributions toward understanding the disease and demographic consequences of migration in different periods and places. These studies have been enhanced by stable isotope studies of mobility and diet, which have revealed further complexities.This study integrates osteological, palaeopathological and stable isotope evidence to investigate the interr…
Thinking of the children
Thinking of the children
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Injury and Trauma in Bioarchaeology
Identifying and Interpreting Domestic Violence in Archaeological Human Remains
This research reviews and discusses the clinical and social science datasets used to identify victims of domestic violence (DV) in the archaeological record. Clinical sources are skewed by law enforcement and cost issues, dominated by Western female data and suggest that DV is a well‐documented form of abuse. Social science sources and perspectives, having arisen from activist movements, are more spatiotemporally diverse in breadth and perspectiv…
From the mouths of babes’
Archaeologically derived human remains in England
The study and curation of human remains in the United Kingdom underwent a sea-change in response to the publication of the Department for Culture, Media and Sport (DCMS) guidance in 2005. Curatorial and research ethics and practice have improved, but these unique collections face new challenges – archives which are full and an increasing demand for samples for stable isotope and ancient DNA studies. This article reviews how holdings were and cont…
Multiple Injury and Health in Past Societies
Earlier clinical and bioarchaeological studies found that injury recidivists were most likely to be young adult males. Since then, the clinical meaning of the injury recidivist has expanded to include all individuals with multiple injuries, and other aspects of health have been considered. Our study sought to apply these advances to paleopathology and place multiple injuries in a wider context by investigating: the age and sex distribution of tho…
Jacqueline I. McKinley , Matt Leivers , Jörn Schuster , Peter Marshall , Alistair J. Barclay & Nick Stoodley . Cliffs End Farm, Isle of Thanet, Kent (Wessex Archaeology 31). 2014. xvii+318 pages, nume…
Jacqueline I. McKinley , Matt Leivers , Jörn Schuster , Peter Marshall , Alistair J. Barclay & Nick Stoodley . Cliffs End Farm, Isle of Thanet, Kent (Wessex Archaeology 31). 2014. xvii+318 pages, numerous colour and b&w illustrations, tables. Oxford & Havertown (PA): Wessex Archaeology; 978-1-874350-70-5 hardback £35. - Volume 90 Issue 354
Going south of the river
Identifying migrants in Roman London using lead and strontium stable isotopes
Immaculate conceptions
Frailty and famine
OBJECTIVES: Famine can be defined as a shortage of foodstuffs that instigates widespread excess mortality due to starvation, infectious disease, and social disruption. Like other causes of catastrophic mortality, famine has the potential to be selective. This study examines how famines in medieval London were selective with respect to previous stress, age, and sex. METHODS: This study compares famine burials to nonfamine (attritional) burials fro…
Coming of age in R oman B ritain
OBJECTIVES: Puberty is a key transitional phase of the human life course, with important biological and social connotations. Novel methods for the identification of the pubertal growth spurt and menarche in skeletal remains have recently been proposed (Shapland and Lewis, 2013, 2014). In this study we applied the methods to two Romano-British cemetery samples (1st-early 5th centuries AD) in order to investigate the timing of puberty during this p…
A Bioarchaeological Study of Violence in the Roman World
Urban–rural differences in R oman D orset, E ngland
In the Roman period, urban and rural ways of living were differentiated philosophically and legally, and this is the first regional study of these contrasting life‐ways. Focusing on frailty and mortality risk, we investigated how these differed by age, sex, and status, using coffin type as a proxy for social status. We employed skeletal data from 344 individuals: 150 rural and 194 urban (1st–5th centuries A.D.) from Dorset, England. Frailty and m…
Evidence of skeletal treponematosis from the medieval burial ground of S t. M ary S pital, L ondon, and implications for the origins of the disease in E urope
Treponematosis is a syndrome of chronic infectious diseases. There has been much debate on its origins and spread, particularly with regard to venereal syphilis, an unsightly and debilitating disease in preantibiotic populations. The osteological analysis of 5,387 individuals excavated by Museum of London Archaeology from the medieval burial ground of St. Mary Spital in London (dated c 1120–1539) provided an unprecedented opportunity to investiga…
A Bioarchaeological Study of Medieval Burials on the site of St Mary Spital
Frailty and famine
OBJECTIVES: Famine can be defined as a shortage of foodstuffs that instigates widespread excess mortality due to starvation, infectious disease, and social disruption. Like other causes of catastrophic mortality, famine has the potential to be selective. This study examines how famines in medieval London were selective with respect to previous stress, age, and sex. METHODS: This study compares famine burials to nonfamine (attritional) burials fro…
Temporal changes in diet
Identifying migrants in Roman London using lead and strontium stable isotopes
Immaculate conceptions
Childhood Health in the Roman World
Very few studies to date have presented contextualised interpretations of bioarchaeological evidence from Roman urban environments. This paper compares and contrasts the osteological data for childhood health from two urban centres, one at the centre and the other at the margins of the Roman Empire - Rome and London. We synthesise recently published and newly recorded data on childhood indicators of physiological stress (e.g. cribra orbitalia and…
Choicest unguents’
International audience
A regional investigation of subadult dietary patterns and health in late Iron Age and Roman Dorset, England
Medieval monastic mortality
Scholarship on life in medieval European monasteries has revealed a variety of factors that potentially affected mortality in these communities. Though there is some evidence based on age‐at‐death distributions from England that monastic males lived longer than members of the general public, what is missing from the literature is an explicit examination of how the risks of mortality within medieval monastic settings differed from those within con…
Coming of age in R oman B ritain
OBJECTIVES: Puberty is a key transitional phase of the human life course, with important biological and social connotations. Novel methods for the identification of the pubertal growth spurt and menarche in skeletal remains have recently been proposed (Shapland and Lewis, 2013, 2014). In this study we applied the methods to two Romano-British cemetery samples (1st-early 5th centuries AD) in order to investigate the timing of puberty during this p…
A new approach to the study of Romanization in Britain
This is the first study of health in the Roman Empire to use the Siler and Gompertz–Makeham models of mortality to investigate the health consequences of the 43 AD conquest of Britain. The study examined late Iron Age and Romano‐British populations ( N = 518) from Dorset, England, which is the only region of Britain to display continuity in inhumation burial practice and cemetery use throughout the two periods. Skeletal evidence for frailty was a…
New Evidence for Iron Age Secondary Burial Practice and Bone Modification From Gussage All Saints and Maiden Castle (Dorset, England)
The Middle and Late Iron Age samples of disarticulated human remains from the settlement site of Gussage All Saints and the hillfort of Maiden Castle (Dorset, England) were investigated for evidence of funerary rites. The samples were examined using osteological, forensic and archaeological methodologies for evidence of excarnation and secondary burial. The study found evidence for dry‐fractures, animal gnawing and peri‐mortem trauma, indicating …
Urban–rural differences in R oman D orset, E ngland
In the Roman period, urban and rural ways of living were differentiated philosophically and legally, and this is the first regional study of these contrasting life‐ways. Focusing on frailty and mortality risk, we investigated how these differed by age, sex, and status, using coffin type as a proxy for social status. We employed skeletal data from 344 individuals: 150 rural and 194 urban (1st–5th centuries A.D.) from Dorset, England. Frailty and m…
Going south of the river
Status and health in Roman Dorset
The Roman conquest of Britain was previously shown to have negatively impacted health, particularly for children, older adults, and men. We build upon this previous research by investigating the effect that status had on risks of mortality within the Roman Britain populations of Dorset. This study incorporates a sample of 291 individuals excavated from several cemeteries in the county of Dorset dating between the first to early fifth centuries AD…
A regional examination of surgery and fracture treatment in Iron Age and Roman Britain
The study macroscopically examined 270 sexed adults and 190 subadult individuals for evidence of ante mortem fractures and surgical practice in Dorset, during the Iron Age (5th century BC to 1st century AD) and Romano-British period (1st century to the end of the 4th century AD), in order to understand medical treatment in both periods and determine the extent to which these practices changed post conquest (43 AD). As treatment during these perio…
A Re-appraisal of the Evidence for Violence in the Late Iron Age Human Remains from Maiden Castle Hillfort, Dorset, England
The human remains excavated by Sir Mortimer Wheeler from Maiden Castle hillfort (Dorset, England) were recorded by the author in the first re-examination of the sample since Wheeler's 1943 publication. This study focuses on the osteological evidence for trauma, and employed bioarchaeological, clinical, and forensic methods to identify and interpret the skeletal evidence for ante- and peri-mortem fractures, blunt-force cranial trauma, and sharp an…
Iron Age ‘Predatory Landscapes
This paper proposes a multi-disciplinary approach which can be used to identify captives and the enslaved of Iron Age Britain (seventh centurybc–adfirst century). It uses a ‘poetics of violence’ perspective which recognizes that violence and warfare are created and enacted through social relations, and encompasses violence for which there is often no archaeological trace. Roman primary sources, bog-bodies and other archaeological evidence from Ir…
From the mouths of babes’
Archaeologically derived human remains in England
The study and curation of human remains in the United Kingdom underwent a sea-change in response to the publication of the Department for Culture, Media and Sport (DCMS) guidance in 2005. Curatorial and research ethics and practice have improved, but these unique collections face new challenges – archives which are full and an increasing demand for samples for stable isotope and ancient DNA studies. This article reviews how holdings were and cont…
Evidence of skeletal treponematosis from the medieval burial ground of S t. M ary S pital, L ondon, and implications for the origins of the disease in E urope
Treponematosis is a syndrome of chronic infectious diseases. There has been much debate on its origins and spread, particularly with regard to venereal syphilis, an unsightly and debilitating disease in preantibiotic populations. The osteological analysis of 5,387 individuals excavated by Museum of London Archaeology from the medieval burial ground of St. Mary Spital in London (dated c 1120–1539) provided an unprecedented opportunity to investiga…
Genetic resiliency and the Black Death
Objectives In the 14th century AD, medieval Europe was severely affected by the Great European Famine as well as repeated bouts of disease, including the Black Death, causing major demographic shifts. This high volatility led to increased mobility and migration due to new labor and economic opportunities, as evidenced by documentary and stable isotope data. This study uses ancient DNA (aDNA) isolated from skeletal remains to examine whether evide…
Does Cranial Trauma Provide Evidence for Projectile Weaponry in Late Iron Age Dorset
Human remains form an independent dataset with which to examine martial activity in past societies, particularly how to understand the types of weaponry used and who was subject to lethal violence. In the Late Iron Age of Dorset (first century BC to first century AD), these data are useful in understanding such activity in light of the small range of extant evidence. This bioarchaeological study examined the crania of 80 inhumed and articulated s…
Multiple Injury and Health in Past Societies
Earlier clinical and bioarchaeological studies found that injury recidivists were most likely to be young adult males. Since then, the clinical meaning of the injury recidivist has expanded to include all individuals with multiple injuries, and other aspects of health have been considered. Our study sought to apply these advances to paleopathology and place multiple injuries in a wider context by investigating: the age and sex distribution of tho…
Diagnostic criteria for developmental dislocation of the hip in human skeletal remains
Dislocation is the most severe form of developmental dysplasia of the hip (DDH). It significantly impairs hip function in the young, and may lead to debilitating early-onset osteoarthritis in adults. To our knowledge no thorough study of a large skeletal population has ever been undertaken to determine the wide range of diagnostic criteria for this condition in pathological specimens. To identify these criteria we have analysed the cases of devel…
Brief communication
Developmental dysplasia of the hip (DDH) is a spectrum of disease starting in childhood and in many cases persisting into adulthood. The spectrum ranges from acetabular dysplasia, through hip subluxation to dislocation. The aim of this research was to determine the prevalence and pathoanatomy of acetabular dysplasia and subluxation in excavated human skeletal remains, to complement past research on dislocation in DDH. The material under study was…
Sex and the City
New Evidence for Iron Age Secondary Burial Practice and Bone Modification From Gussage All Saints and Maiden Castle (Dorset, England)
The Middle and Late Iron Age samples of disarticulated human remains from the settlement site of Gussage All Saints and the hillfort of Maiden Castle (Dorset, England) were investigated for evidence of funerary rites. The samples were examined using osteological, forensic and archaeological methodologies for evidence of excarnation and secondary burial. The study found evidence for dry‐fractures, animal gnawing and peri‐mortem trauma, indicating …
Diagnostic criteria for developmental dislocation of the hip in human skeletal remains
Dislocation is the most severe form of developmental dysplasia of the hip (DDH). It significantly impairs hip function in the young, and may lead to debilitating early-onset osteoarthritis in adults. To our knowledge no thorough study of a large skeletal population has ever been undertaken to determine the wide range of diagnostic criteria for this condition in pathological specimens. To identify these criteria we have analysed the cases of devel…
Temporal changes in diet
Does Cranial Trauma Provide Evidence for Projectile Weaponry in Late Iron Age Dorset
Human remains form an independent dataset with which to examine martial activity in past societies, particularly how to understand the types of weaponry used and who was subject to lethal violence. In the Late Iron Age of Dorset (first century BC to first century AD), these data are useful in understanding such activity in light of the small range of extant evidence. This bioarchaeological study examined the crania of 80 inhumed and articulated s…
A regional examination of surgery and fracture treatment in Iron Age and Roman Britain
The study macroscopically examined 270 sexed adults and 190 subadult individuals for evidence of ante mortem fractures and surgical practice in Dorset, during the Iron Age (5th century BC to 1st century AD) and Romano-British period (1st century to the end of the 4th century AD), in order to understand medical treatment in both periods and determine the extent to which these practices changed post conquest (43 AD). As treatment during these perio…
Childhood Health in the Roman World
Very few studies to date have presented contextualised interpretations of bioarchaeological evidence from Roman urban environments. This paper compares and contrasts the osteological data for childhood health from two urban centres, one at the centre and the other at the margins of the Roman Empire - Rome and London. We synthesise recently published and newly recorded data on childhood indicators of physiological stress (e.g. cribra orbitalia and…
A demographic analysis of Maiden Castle hillfort
A regional investigation of subadult dietary patterns and health in late Iron Age and Roman Dorset, England
A Re-appraisal of the Evidence for Violence in the Late Iron Age Human Remains from Maiden Castle Hillfort, Dorset, England
The human remains excavated by Sir Mortimer Wheeler from Maiden Castle hillfort (Dorset, England) were recorded by the author in the first re-examination of the sample since Wheeler's 1943 publication. This study focuses on the osteological evidence for trauma, and employed bioarchaeological, clinical, and forensic methods to identify and interpret the skeletal evidence for ante- and peri-mortem fractures, blunt-force cranial trauma, and sharp an…
Status and health in Roman Dorset
The Roman conquest of Britain was previously shown to have negatively impacted health, particularly for children, older adults, and men. We build upon this previous research by investigating the effect that status had on risks of mortality within the Roman Britain populations of Dorset. This study incorporates a sample of 291 individuals excavated from several cemeteries in the county of Dorset dating between the first to early fifth centuries AD…
Brief communication
Developmental dysplasia of the hip (DDH) is a spectrum of disease starting in childhood and in many cases persisting into adulthood. The spectrum ranges from acetabular dysplasia, through hip subluxation to dislocation. The aim of this research was to determine the prevalence and pathoanatomy of acetabular dysplasia and subluxation in excavated human skeletal remains, to complement past research on dislocation in DDH. The material under study was…
A new approach to the study of Romanization in Britain
This is the first study of health in the Roman Empire to use the Siler and Gompertz–Makeham models of mortality to investigate the health consequences of the 43 AD conquest of Britain. The study examined late Iron Age and Romano‐British populations ( N = 518) from Dorset, England, which is the only region of Britain to display continuity in inhumation burial practice and cemetery use throughout the two periods. Skeletal evidence for frailty was a…
Medieval monastic mortality
Scholarship on life in medieval European monasteries has revealed a variety of factors that potentially affected mortality in these communities. Though there is some evidence based on age‐at‐death distributions from England that monastic males lived longer than members of the general public, what is missing from the literature is an explicit examination of how the risks of mortality within medieval monastic settings differed from those within con…
Headhunting and amphitheatre combat in Roman London, England
Choicest unguents’
International audience
A Bioarchaeological Study of Violence in the Roman World
Urban–rural differences in R oman D orset, E ngland
In the Roman period, urban and rural ways of living were differentiated philosophically and legally, and this is the first regional study of these contrasting life‐ways. Focusing on frailty and mortality risk, we investigated how these differed by age, sex, and status, using coffin type as a proxy for social status. We employed skeletal data from 344 individuals: 150 rural and 194 urban (1st–5th centuries A.D.) from Dorset, England. Frailty and m…
Evidence of skeletal treponematosis from the medieval burial ground of S t. M ary S pital, L ondon, and implications for the origins of the disease in E urope
Treponematosis is a syndrome of chronic infectious diseases. There has been much debate on its origins and spread, particularly with regard to venereal syphilis, an unsightly and debilitating disease in preantibiotic populations. The osteological analysis of 5,387 individuals excavated by Museum of London Archaeology from the medieval burial ground of St. Mary Spital in London (dated c 1120–1539) provided an unprecedented opportunity to investiga…
Jacqueline I. McKinley , Matt Leivers , Jörn Schuster , Peter Marshall , Alistair J. Barclay & Nick Stoodley . Cliffs End Farm, Isle of Thanet, Kent (Wessex Archaeology 31). 2014. xvii+318 pages, nume…
Jacqueline I. McKinley , Matt Leivers , Jörn Schuster , Peter Marshall , Alistair J. Barclay & Nick Stoodley . Cliffs End Farm, Isle of Thanet, Kent (Wessex Archaeology 31). 2014. xvii+318 pages, numerous colour and b&w illustrations, tables. Oxford & Havertown (PA): Wessex Archaeology; 978-1-874350-70-5 hardback £35. - Volume 90 Issue 354
Going south of the river
Identifying migrants in Roman London using lead and strontium stable isotopes
Immaculate conceptions
Frailty and famine
OBJECTIVES: Famine can be defined as a shortage of foodstuffs that instigates widespread excess mortality due to starvation, infectious disease, and social disruption. Like other causes of catastrophic mortality, famine has the potential to be selective. This study examines how famines in medieval London were selective with respect to previous stress, age, and sex. METHODS: This study compares famine burials to nonfamine (attritional) burials fro…
Coming of age in R oman B ritain
OBJECTIVES: Puberty is a key transitional phase of the human life course, with important biological and social connotations. Novel methods for the identification of the pubertal growth spurt and menarche in skeletal remains have recently been proposed (Shapland and Lewis, 2013, 2014). In this study we applied the methods to two Romano-British cemetery samples (1st-early 5th centuries AD) in order to investigate the timing of puberty during this p…
Archaeology (28 obras) · Forensic Anthropology and Bioarchaeology Studies (27 obras) · History (25 obras) · Geography (22 obras) · Archaeology and ancient environmental studies (18 obras) · Demography (18 obras) · Medicine (18 obras) · Sociology (14 obras) · Ancient history (13 obras) · Paleopathology and ancient diseases (13 obras)