Jacob Creswell
Biographic Data
| ID | 7726743 |
|---|---|
| NAME | Jacob Creswell |
| GIVEN NAMES | Jacob |
| FAMILY NAME | Creswell |
| SIGNATURE | CRESWELL J |
| AFFILIATIONS | Stop TB Partnership, Geneva, Switzerland |
| ORCID | 0000-0002-4885-940X |
| VERIFIED | Yes |
| TOTAL WORKS | 19 |
| TOTAL CITATIONS | 0 |
| AUTHOR COUNT | 19 |
| EDITOR COUNT | 0 |
| FIRST PUBLICATION YEAR | 2012 |
| LATEST PUBLICATION YEAR | 2026 |
| H-INDEX | 0 |
Identifying pediatric extrapulmonary tuberculosis through an active screening program
We assessed 188 children diagnosed with extrapulmonary tuberculosis in Bangladesh. Over half were aged 10–14 years old. Common symptoms included fever (91.5%), weight loss (88.3%), and decreased appetite (72.9%). Four children died prior to treatment; of 176 children on treatment, 4.0% had unsuccessful outcomes, potentially influenced by age and low weight. Findings highlight the need for improved diagnosis and management in children.
Increasing detection of individuals with tuberculosis through engagement of informal health care providers in Northeastern Nigeria
Patent and proprietary medicine vendors (PPMVs) and traditional healers (THs) are informal healthcare providers with a significant presence in Nigeria and many parts of Africa. They have established partnerships and trust with community stakeholders and are often the first point of contact for health-seeking, especially in rural communities. Disease programs like malaria have engaged PPMVs, but documentation on efforts to engage these informal pr…
Detection of pulmonary tuberculosis through mobile X-ray based active case-finding in Pakistan
Recent evidence suggests that community-wide active case finding (ACF) can reduce tuberculosis (TB) incidence and prevalence. Mass-screening at the community level, supported by mobile digital chest X-ray units, is now being scaled up by programmes across high burden countries. However, there is limited evidence of case-detection yields from programmes conducting ACF at scale in low-resource settings. We retrospectively analysed aggregate data fr…
Age- and sex-specific care cascades to detect gaps in the care of children with tuberculosis in Bangladesh
Background: Programmatic interventions to increase the detection of children with tuberculosis (TB) are rarely evaluated to understand age- and sex-specific completion rates. We applied modified TB screening and treatment cascade frameworks to assess indicators of effective implementation by age and sex of a TB screening program for children (zero to 14 years) in Bangladesh. Methods: tests. Results: In total, we screened 552 182 males and 461 419…
Engaging private providers to enhance tuberculosis detection and notification
Our findings suggest that structured and targeted PPE enhances TB case finding and contribute in closing the gap of missing cases. These results emphasize the need for wider implementation and scale-up of PPE in the TB response
The accuracy of point-of-care C-Reactive Protein as a screening test for tuberculosis in children
Systematic screening for TB in children, especially among those at high risk of TB, can promote early diagnosis and treatment of TB. The World Health Organization (WHO) recently recommended C-Reactive Protein as a TB screening tool in adults and adolescents living with HIV (PLHIV). Thus, we aimed to assess the performance of point-of-care (POC) CRP as a screening tool for TB in children. A cross-sectional study was conducted at 2 primary health c…
Results of community-based TB and HIV screening among transgender women and male sex workers in Pakistan
In Pakistan and globally, a large proportion of people with TB who are not receiving treatment are key populations with poor access to diagnosis and care. Transgender women and male sex workers (MSW) are heavily stigmatized and marginalized groups. While HIV rates are well documented among these key populations, little such data exists for TB. We engaged local organizations working with transgender women and MSW communities in Karachi and five ur…
Economic evaluation of a community health worker model for tuberculosis care in Ho Chi Minh City, Viet Nam
The evaluated CHW-based TB intervention generated substantial individual and societal benefits. The SROI methodology may be an alternative for the economic evaluation of healthcare interventions
Pooled testing of sputum with Xpert MTB/RIF and Xpert Ultra during tuberculosis active case finding campaigns in Lao People’s Democratic Republic
INTRODUCTION: Active case finding (ACF) of individuals with tuberculosis (TB) is a key intervention to find the 30% of people missed every year. However, ACF requires screening large numbers of individuals who have a low probability of positive results, typically <5%, which makes using the recommended molecular tests expensive. METHODS: We conducted two ACF surveys (in 2020 and 2021) in high TB burden areas of Lao PDR. Participants were screened …
Engaging pharmacies in tuberculosis control
Pooling sputum for Xpert MTB/RIF and Xpert Ultra testing during the Covid-19 pandemic in Lao People’s Democratic Republic
The global Covid-19 pandemic has limited access to molecular TB diagnostics and National Programmes are struggling to maintain essential services. The pooling method (testing several samples together) could reduce the number of cartridges and staff time needed for TB diagnosis but has not been tested within the pandemic. We conducted two independent cross-sectional surveys. Pools composed of four sputum samples were tested using either Xpert-MTB/…
Impact of intensified tuberculosis case finding at health facilities on case notifications in Cameroon
There is a large gap between the number of people who develop tuberculosis (TB) and those who are diagnosed, treated and notified, with only an estimated 71% of people with TB notified globally in 2019. Implementing better TB case finding strategies is necessary to close this gap. In Cameroon, 1,597 healthcare workers at 725 health facilities were trained and engaged to intensively screen and test people for TB, then follow-up to link people to a…
Evaluating novel engagement mechanisms, yields and acceptability of tuberculosis screening at retail pharmacies in Ho Chi Minh City, Viet Nam
Pharmacies represent a key health system entry point for people with TB in Viet Nam, but high fragmentation hinders their broader engagement. Professional networking apps may be able to facilitate pharmacy engagement for systematic TB screening and referral. Between September and December 2019, we piloted the use of a social networking app, SwipeRx, to recruit pharmacists for a TB referral scheme across four districts of Ho Chi Minh City, Viet Na…
Framework for planning and monitoring active TB case finding interventions to meet the global targets in the Covid-19 era and beyond
There was an estimated 20–40% decline in tuberculosis (TB) case detection in the South-East Asia Region (SEA Region) during 2020 due to COVID-19 outbreak. This is over and above a million people with TB who were missed each year, prior to the pandemic. Active case finding (ACF) for TB has been gaining considerable interest and investment in the SEA Region and will be even more essential for finding people with TB missed due to the COVID-19 pandem…
Barriers to Access of Healthcare Services for Rural Women—Applying Gender Lens on TB in a Rural District of Sindh, Pakistan
Significant barriers are faced by women in accessing TB care in rural districts of Pakistan. Program implementers in high burden countries should shift towards improved gender-responsive TB programming
Finding the missing millions
box In 2019, 10.0 million people developed tuberculosis (TB) yet 2.9 million were not notified to National TB programmes (NTPs).1 This is largely due to limited accessibility to healthcare services, underdeveloped health reporting systems, insufficient human resources and poor linkages between private providers and national authorities.2 There are various global initiatives to address this challenge, including the Find.Treat.All #EndTB initiative…
Will more sensitive diagnostics identify tuberculosis missed by clinicians? Evaluating Xpert MTB/RIF testing in Guatemala
To assess the impact of introducing Xpert as a follow-on test after smear microscopy on the total number pulmonary TB notifications. Genexpert systems were installed in six departments across Guatemala, and Xpert was indicated as a follow-on test for people with smear-negative results. We analyzed notifications to national tuberculosis (TB) programmes (NTP) and the project's laboratory data to assess coverage of the intervention and case detectio…
Performance of algorithms for tuberculosis active case finding in underserved high-prevalence settings in Cambodia
To diagnose all TB forms, X-ray should be part of the diagnostic algorithm. The combination of X-ray and Xpert testing for high-risk clients was the most effective ACF approach in this setting
Correlates of Bisexual Behaviors Among Men who have Sex with Men in El Salvador
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Correlates of Bisexual Behaviors Among Men who have Sex with Men in El Salvador
Performance of algorithms for tuberculosis active case finding in underserved high-prevalence settings in Cambodia
To diagnose all TB forms, X-ray should be part of the diagnostic algorithm. The combination of X-ray and Xpert testing for high-risk clients was the most effective ACF approach in this setting
Finding the missing millions
box In 2019, 10.0 million people developed tuberculosis (TB) yet 2.9 million were not notified to National TB programmes (NTPs).1 This is largely due to limited accessibility to healthcare services, underdeveloped health reporting systems, insufficient human resources and poor linkages between private providers and national authorities.2 There are various global initiatives to address this challenge, including the Find.Treat.All #EndTB initiative…
Will more sensitive diagnostics identify tuberculosis missed by clinicians? Evaluating Xpert MTB/RIF testing in Guatemala
To assess the impact of introducing Xpert as a follow-on test after smear microscopy on the total number pulmonary TB notifications. Genexpert systems were installed in six departments across Guatemala, and Xpert was indicated as a follow-on test for people with smear-negative results. We analyzed notifications to national tuberculosis (TB) programmes (NTP) and the project's laboratory data to assess coverage of the intervention and case detectio…
Framework for planning and monitoring active TB case finding interventions to meet the global targets in the Covid-19 era and beyond
There was an estimated 20–40% decline in tuberculosis (TB) case detection in the South-East Asia Region (SEA Region) during 2020 due to COVID-19 outbreak. This is over and above a million people with TB who were missed each year, prior to the pandemic. Active case finding (ACF) for TB has been gaining considerable interest and investment in the SEA Region and will be even more essential for finding people with TB missed due to the COVID-19 pandem…
Barriers to Access of Healthcare Services for Rural Women—Applying Gender Lens on TB in a Rural District of Sindh, Pakistan
Significant barriers are faced by women in accessing TB care in rural districts of Pakistan. Program implementers in high burden countries should shift towards improved gender-responsive TB programming
Pooled testing of sputum with Xpert MTB/RIF and Xpert Ultra during tuberculosis active case finding campaigns in Lao People’s Democratic Republic
INTRODUCTION: Active case finding (ACF) of individuals with tuberculosis (TB) is a key intervention to find the 30% of people missed every year. However, ACF requires screening large numbers of individuals who have a low probability of positive results, typically <5%, which makes using the recommended molecular tests expensive. METHODS: We conducted two ACF surveys (in 2020 and 2021) in high TB burden areas of Lao PDR. Participants were screened …
Engaging pharmacies in tuberculosis control
Pooling sputum for Xpert MTB/RIF and Xpert Ultra testing during the Covid-19 pandemic in Lao People’s Democratic Republic
The global Covid-19 pandemic has limited access to molecular TB diagnostics and National Programmes are struggling to maintain essential services. The pooling method (testing several samples together) could reduce the number of cartridges and staff time needed for TB diagnosis but has not been tested within the pandemic. We conducted two independent cross-sectional surveys. Pools composed of four sputum samples were tested using either Xpert-MTB/…
Impact of intensified tuberculosis case finding at health facilities on case notifications in Cameroon
There is a large gap between the number of people who develop tuberculosis (TB) and those who are diagnosed, treated and notified, with only an estimated 71% of people with TB notified globally in 2019. Implementing better TB case finding strategies is necessary to close this gap. In Cameroon, 1,597 healthcare workers at 725 health facilities were trained and engaged to intensively screen and test people for TB, then follow-up to link people to a…
Evaluating novel engagement mechanisms, yields and acceptability of tuberculosis screening at retail pharmacies in Ho Chi Minh City, Viet Nam
Pharmacies represent a key health system entry point for people with TB in Viet Nam, but high fragmentation hinders their broader engagement. Professional networking apps may be able to facilitate pharmacy engagement for systematic TB screening and referral. Between September and December 2019, we piloted the use of a social networking app, SwipeRx, to recruit pharmacists for a TB referral scheme across four districts of Ho Chi Minh City, Viet Na…
Results of community-based TB and HIV screening among transgender women and male sex workers in Pakistan
In Pakistan and globally, a large proportion of people with TB who are not receiving treatment are key populations with poor access to diagnosis and care. Transgender women and male sex workers (MSW) are heavily stigmatized and marginalized groups. While HIV rates are well documented among these key populations, little such data exists for TB. We engaged local organizations working with transgender women and MSW communities in Karachi and five ur…
Economic evaluation of a community health worker model for tuberculosis care in Ho Chi Minh City, Viet Nam
The evaluated CHW-based TB intervention generated substantial individual and societal benefits. The SROI methodology may be an alternative for the economic evaluation of healthcare interventions
The accuracy of point-of-care C-Reactive Protein as a screening test for tuberculosis in children
Systematic screening for TB in children, especially among those at high risk of TB, can promote early diagnosis and treatment of TB. The World Health Organization (WHO) recently recommended C-Reactive Protein as a TB screening tool in adults and adolescents living with HIV (PLHIV). Thus, we aimed to assess the performance of point-of-care (POC) CRP as a screening tool for TB in children. A cross-sectional study was conducted at 2 primary health c…
Detection of pulmonary tuberculosis through mobile X-ray based active case-finding in Pakistan
Recent evidence suggests that community-wide active case finding (ACF) can reduce tuberculosis (TB) incidence and prevalence. Mass-screening at the community level, supported by mobile digital chest X-ray units, is now being scaled up by programmes across high burden countries. However, there is limited evidence of case-detection yields from programmes conducting ACF at scale in low-resource settings. We retrospectively analysed aggregate data fr…
Age- and sex-specific care cascades to detect gaps in the care of children with tuberculosis in Bangladesh
Background: Programmatic interventions to increase the detection of children with tuberculosis (TB) are rarely evaluated to understand age- and sex-specific completion rates. We applied modified TB screening and treatment cascade frameworks to assess indicators of effective implementation by age and sex of a TB screening program for children (zero to 14 years) in Bangladesh. Methods: tests. Results: In total, we screened 552 182 males and 461 419…
Engaging private providers to enhance tuberculosis detection and notification
Our findings suggest that structured and targeted PPE enhances TB case finding and contribute in closing the gap of missing cases. These results emphasize the need for wider implementation and scale-up of PPE in the TB response
Identifying pediatric extrapulmonary tuberculosis through an active screening program
We assessed 188 children diagnosed with extrapulmonary tuberculosis in Bangladesh. Over half were aged 10–14 years old. Common symptoms included fever (91.5%), weight loss (88.3%), and decreased appetite (72.9%). Four children died prior to treatment; of 176 children on treatment, 4.0% had unsuccessful outcomes, potentially influenced by age and low weight. Findings highlight the need for improved diagnosis and management in children.
Increasing detection of individuals with tuberculosis through engagement of informal health care providers in Northeastern Nigeria
Patent and proprietary medicine vendors (PPMVs) and traditional healers (THs) are informal healthcare providers with a significant presence in Nigeria and many parts of Africa. They have established partnerships and trust with community stakeholders and are often the first point of contact for health-seeking, especially in rural communities. Disease programs like malaria have engaged PPMVs, but documentation on efforts to engage these informal pr…
Medicine (17 works) · Tuberculosis (17 works) · Tuberculosis Research and Epidemiology (17 works) · Environmental health (11 works) · Pathology (10 works) · Nursing (9 works) · Psychological intervention (8 works) · Family medicine (7 works) · Internal Medicine (7 works) · Pneumonia and Respiratory Infections (7 works)