Joseph Makhema
Biographic Data
| ID | 7727254 |
|---|---|
| NAME | Joseph Makhema |
| GIVEN NAMES | Joseph |
| FAMILY NAME | Makhema |
| SIGNATURE | MAKHEMA J |
| AFFILIATIONS | Botswana Harvard AIDS Institute Partnership |
| ORCID | 0000-0003-0017-2438 |
| VERIFIED | Yes |
| TOTAL WORKS | 15 |
| TOTAL CITATIONS | 0 |
| AUTHOR COUNT | 15 |
| EDITOR COUNT | 0 |
| FIRST PUBLICATION YEAR | 2003 |
| LATEST PUBLICATION YEAR | 2026 |
| H-INDEX | 0 |
Tuberculosis screening and care delivery in pregnant and postpartum persons living with HIV in Botswana
Tuberculosis (TB) disease during pregnancy, particularly in persons living with HIV (PLHIV), is associated with poor maternal and neonatal outcomes. There are barriers to TB screening and care for PLHIV in the pregnant and postpartum period given atypical clinical presentation and service delivery challenges. Our objective was to understand barriers and facilitators to TB screening and care delivery during routine antenatal and postpartum care in…
Association between maternal HIV status and postpartum depressive symptoms in Botswana
Few studies have evaluated postpartum depression (PPD) in women living with HIV (WLHIV) in Botswana, a high prevalence HIV setting. The Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale (EPDS) was used to evaluate PPD symptoms in WLHIV (n = 300) and women who are HIV-uninfected (n = 131) in the Tshilo Dikotla study, an observational cohort study with a nested randomized trial. The EPDS was administered at 2, 6, and 12 months postpartum. We assessed the associ…
Feasibility of Brain Ultrasound Performed by Nurses in the Evaluation of Newborns Who Are HIV Exposed in Utero and Uninfected
Brain ultrasounds conducted by study nurses are feasible and reveal differences in corpus callosum length between HEU and HU infants. The benefits of easier training, lower cost, and rapid deployment make ultrasound a promising screening tool in resource-limited settings
A qualitative assessment of barriers to iron and folic acid supplementation among pregnant women in Botswana
Our study identified a need to 1) increase the availability of supplementation at antenatal clinics and 2) improve education regarding supplementation to include information about the benefits of folic acid and other micronutrients. Implementation research is needed to ascertain whether increasing supply and improving education could increase utilization of supplementation during pregnancy, with the ultimate goal of improving maternal and infant …
Factors Associated with Infant Feeding Choices Among Women with HIV in Botswana
Barriers and facilitators to linkage to care and ART initiation in the setting of high ART coverage in Botswana
We conducted a qualitative study using focus groups and in-depth interviews to explore barriers to and facilitators of linkage-to-care and antiretroviral treatment (ART) initiation in Botswana. Participants were selected from communities receiving interventions through the Ya Tsie Study. Fifteen healthcare providers and 49 HIV-positive individuals participated. HIV-positive participants identified barriers including stigma, discrimination and ove…
Antiretroviral Therapy for the Prevention of HIV-1 Transmission
BACKGROUND: An interim analysis of data from the HIV Prevention Trials Network (HPTN) 052 trial showed that antiretroviral therapy (ART) prevented more than 96% of genetically linked infections caused by human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) in serodiscordant couples. ART was then offered to all patients with HIV-1 infection (index participants). The study included more than 5 years of follow-up to assess the durability of such therapy for …
Unintended pregnancy, contraceptive use, and childbearing desires among HIV-infected and HIV-uninfected women in Botswana
The high rates of reported unintended pregnancy and contraceptive failure/misuse underscore an urgent need for better access to effective contraceptive methods for HIV-uninfected and HIV -infected women in Botswana. Lower socioeconomic status and lack of pre-conception HIV testing may indicate higher risk for unintended pregnancy in this setting
Effects of early versus delayed initiation of antiretroviral treatment on clinical outcomes of HIV-1 infection
Prevention of HIV-1 Infection with Early Antiretroviral Therapy
BACKGROUND: Antiretroviral therapy that reduces viral replication could limit the transmission of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) in serodiscordant couples. METHODS: In nine countries, we enrolled 1763 couples in which one partner was HIV-1-positive and the other was HIV-1-negative; 54% of the subjects were from Africa, and 50% of infected partners were men. HIV-1-infected subjects with CD4 counts between 350 and 550 cells per cubic m…
Infant Feeding Practices were not Associated with Breast Milk HIV-1 RNA Levels in a Randomized Clinical Trial in Botswana
Acceptability of Infant Male Circumcision as Part of HIV Prevention and Male Reproductive Health Efforts in Gaborone, Botswana, and Surrounding Areas
Identification of primary HIV-1C infection in Botswana
Methods for identification of primary HIV infections seem increasingly important to understand pathogenesis, and to prevent transmission, which is particularly efficient during acute infection. Most current algorithms for HIV testing are based on detection of HIV antibodies and are unable to identify early infections before seroconversion. The efficiency of prospective cohorts, which is a standard approach for identifying primary HIV-1 infection,…
Effects of HIV-related stigma among an early sample of patients receiving antiretroviral therapy in Botswana
Botswana, with its estimated HIV prevalence of 37%, instituted a policy of universal access to antiretroviral therapy (ART) in 2002. Initial enrolment lagged behind expectations, with a shortfall in voluntary testing that observers have attributed to HIV-related stigma - although there are no published data on stigma among HIV-positive individuals in Botswana. We interviewed 112 patients receiving ART in 2000, finding evidence of pervasive stigma…
Barriers to Antiretroviral Adherence for Patients Living with HIV Infection and Aids in Botswana
BACKGROUND: Botswana has the highest rate of HIV infection in the world, estimated at 36% among the population aged 15-49 years. To improve antiretroviral (ARV) treatment delivery, we conducted a cross-sectional study of the social, cultural, and structural determinants of treatment adherence. METHODS: We used both qualitative and quantitative research methodologies, including questionnaires and interviews with patients receiving ARV treatment an…
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Barriers to Antiretroviral Adherence for Patients Living with HIV Infection and Aids in Botswana
BACKGROUND: Botswana has the highest rate of HIV infection in the world, estimated at 36% among the population aged 15-49 years. To improve antiretroviral (ARV) treatment delivery, we conducted a cross-sectional study of the social, cultural, and structural determinants of treatment adherence. METHODS: We used both qualitative and quantitative research methodologies, including questionnaires and interviews with patients receiving ARV treatment an…
Effects of HIV-related stigma among an early sample of patients receiving antiretroviral therapy in Botswana
Botswana, with its estimated HIV prevalence of 37%, instituted a policy of universal access to antiretroviral therapy (ART) in 2002. Initial enrolment lagged behind expectations, with a shortfall in voluntary testing that observers have attributed to HIV-related stigma - although there are no published data on stigma among HIV-positive individuals in Botswana. We interviewed 112 patients receiving ART in 2000, finding evidence of pervasive stigma…
Identification of primary HIV-1C infection in Botswana
Methods for identification of primary HIV infections seem increasingly important to understand pathogenesis, and to prevent transmission, which is particularly efficient during acute infection. Most current algorithms for HIV testing are based on detection of HIV antibodies and are unable to identify early infections before seroconversion. The efficiency of prospective cohorts, which is a standard approach for identifying primary HIV-1 infection,…
Acceptability of Infant Male Circumcision as Part of HIV Prevention and Male Reproductive Health Efforts in Gaborone, Botswana, and Surrounding Areas
Prevention of HIV-1 Infection with Early Antiretroviral Therapy
BACKGROUND: Antiretroviral therapy that reduces viral replication could limit the transmission of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) in serodiscordant couples. METHODS: In nine countries, we enrolled 1763 couples in which one partner was HIV-1-positive and the other was HIV-1-negative; 54% of the subjects were from Africa, and 50% of infected partners were men. HIV-1-infected subjects with CD4 counts between 350 and 550 cells per cubic m…
Infant Feeding Practices were not Associated with Breast Milk HIV-1 RNA Levels in a Randomized Clinical Trial in Botswana
Effects of early versus delayed initiation of antiretroviral treatment on clinical outcomes of HIV-1 infection
Unintended pregnancy, contraceptive use, and childbearing desires among HIV-infected and HIV-uninfected women in Botswana
The high rates of reported unintended pregnancy and contraceptive failure/misuse underscore an urgent need for better access to effective contraceptive methods for HIV-uninfected and HIV -infected women in Botswana. Lower socioeconomic status and lack of pre-conception HIV testing may indicate higher risk for unintended pregnancy in this setting
Antiretroviral Therapy for the Prevention of HIV-1 Transmission
BACKGROUND: An interim analysis of data from the HIV Prevention Trials Network (HPTN) 052 trial showed that antiretroviral therapy (ART) prevented more than 96% of genetically linked infections caused by human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) in serodiscordant couples. ART was then offered to all patients with HIV-1 infection (index participants). The study included more than 5 years of follow-up to assess the durability of such therapy for …
Barriers and facilitators to linkage to care and ART initiation in the setting of high ART coverage in Botswana
We conducted a qualitative study using focus groups and in-depth interviews to explore barriers to and facilitators of linkage-to-care and antiretroviral treatment (ART) initiation in Botswana. Participants were selected from communities receiving interventions through the Ya Tsie Study. Fifteen healthcare providers and 49 HIV-positive individuals participated. HIV-positive participants identified barriers including stigma, discrimination and ove…
Factors Associated with Infant Feeding Choices Among Women with HIV in Botswana
Association between maternal HIV status and postpartum depressive symptoms in Botswana
Few studies have evaluated postpartum depression (PPD) in women living with HIV (WLHIV) in Botswana, a high prevalence HIV setting. The Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale (EPDS) was used to evaluate PPD symptoms in WLHIV (n = 300) and women who are HIV-uninfected (n = 131) in the Tshilo Dikotla study, an observational cohort study with a nested randomized trial. The EPDS was administered at 2, 6, and 12 months postpartum. We assessed the associ…
Feasibility of Brain Ultrasound Performed by Nurses in the Evaluation of Newborns Who Are HIV Exposed in Utero and Uninfected
Brain ultrasounds conducted by study nurses are feasible and reveal differences in corpus callosum length between HEU and HU infants. The benefits of easier training, lower cost, and rapid deployment make ultrasound a promising screening tool in resource-limited settings
A qualitative assessment of barriers to iron and folic acid supplementation among pregnant women in Botswana
Our study identified a need to 1) increase the availability of supplementation at antenatal clinics and 2) improve education regarding supplementation to include information about the benefits of folic acid and other micronutrients. Implementation research is needed to ascertain whether increasing supply and improving education could increase utilization of supplementation during pregnancy, with the ultimate goal of improving maternal and infant …
Tuberculosis screening and care delivery in pregnant and postpartum persons living with HIV in Botswana
Tuberculosis (TB) disease during pregnancy, particularly in persons living with HIV (PLHIV), is associated with poor maternal and neonatal outcomes. There are barriers to TB screening and care for PLHIV in the pregnant and postpartum period given atypical clinical presentation and service delivery challenges. Our objective was to understand barriers and facilitators to TB screening and care delivery during routine antenatal and postpartum care in…
Medicine (13 works) · HIV/AIDS Research and Interventions (10 works) · Family medicine (8 works) · Public health (6 works) · Viral load (6 works) · Environmental health (5 works) · HIV Research and Treatment (5 works) · Nursing (5 works) · Pregnancy (5 works) · Antiretroviral therapy (4 works)