B J Williams
Biographic Data
| ID | 77439 |
|---|---|
| NAME | B J Williams |
| GIVEN NAMES | B J |
| FAMILY NAME | Williams |
| SIGNATURE | WILLIAMS B J |
| AFFILIATIONS | University of California, Los Angeles |
| VERIFIED | No |
| TOTAL WORKS | 25 |
| TOTAL CITATIONS | 13 |
| AUTHOR COUNT | 25 |
| EDITOR COUNT | 0 |
| FIRST PUBLICATION YEAR | 1969 |
| LATEST PUBLICATION YEAR | 2017 |
| H-INDEX | 2 |
The Birhor of India and Some Comments on Band Organization
This chapter explains a particular approach to the study of hunting-gathering groups and describes why this is used by a person whose primary interests are in physical anthropology. It discusses data on a particular group, the Birhor of India, who became a subject of investigation in the pursuit of these interests. The chapter explores some implications of such a view of hunting-gathering society. Birhors live in an area that has been inhabited b…
Las elecciones presidenciales de 2004
1. The anticonvulsant and behavioural effects of the glycine/NMDA receptor partial agonist, L-687,414 (R(+)-cis-beta-methyl-3-amino-1-hydroxypyrrolid-2-one) have been investigated in rodents. 2. L-687,414 dose-dependently antagonized seizures induced by N-methyl-D,L- aspartic acid (NMDLA, ED50 = 19.7 mg kg-1), pentylenetetrazol (PTZ, ED50 = 13.0 mg kg-1) and electroshock (ED50 = 26.1 mg kg-1) when given intravenously 15 min before test, in male S…
Man's Biological Heritage . 1987. Produced by Educational Video Network, Inc
Rates of evolution
Neo‐darwinian and population genetics theory assumes that the necessary and sufficient set of conditions for all genetic, therefore evolutionary, change has been identified. Punctuationalists have assumed the opposite and cite the fossil record as evidence for change too rapid to be explained in neo‐darwinian theory. Data is given here to provide estimates of the rate of evolution in hominid fossils, in living populations, and of that rate which …
General/Theoretical
Have We a Darwin of Biocultural Evolution
On the regression analysis of multivariate failure time data
The paper is concerned with the analysis of regression effects when individual study subjects may experience multiple failures. The proposed methods are most likely to be useful when there are a fairly large number of study subjects. Two general classes of regression models are considered in order to relate the hazard or intensity function to covariates and to preceding failure time history. Both models are of a stratified proportional hazards ty…
A Critical Review of Models in Sociobiology
Sociobiology, as defined by E. O. Wilson, deals with the biological basis of all social behavior (94). This subsumes a large area in the development of genetic models for the evolution of social behavior. This article constitutes a critical review of a set of these models developed over the past 15 years. In assessing models of explanation we have only two major concerns, the adequacy of the logic of the model and the validity of the assumptions …
Black and white
William J. Hamilton, III. Life's Color Code. New York: McGraw‐Hill, 1973. 238 pp. $14.95
Executive Board Members
Age Differentials Between Spouses and Australian Marriage Systems
Over a very large area of the central desert and the Northern Territory of Australia the aboriginal populations were characterized by an unusual demographic feature, a remarkable difference in age between spouses at first marriage. Among the various dialect groups the average age of the woman at first marrage was 15 to 20 years less than that of her husband. This is a demographic feature which obviously requires explanation and there have been at…
Reply to Reid's observations on “a re‐examination of the heritability of fertility in the British peerage”
(1975). Reply to Reid's observations on “a re‐examination of the heritability of fertility in the British peerage”. Social Biology: Vol. 22, No. 3, pp. 287-288
Chapter 1. Postulate One
In Order to justify choosing a particular residence and social system as the system most likely to typify the majority of hunting societies, it is not enough that this system is ethnographically the most commonly known among hunting-gathering groups. It is desirable to state general reasons why this should be the case such that we may ask to what extent these conditions were present prior to the ethnographic present. If possible, especially for a…
Chapter 3. General Remarks on the Model
The postulates set forth in preceding chapters lead to a view of hunting-gathering society which, if correct, means that the mating system of paleolithic man varied little in different regions of the world. With the aid of some additional elaboration on this model, to be given in this chapter, we should be able to specify the effects of this mating system on cultural and genetic processes. Further, some consideration will be given to the expected…
Introduction
An abstract is not available for this content so a preview has been provided. As you have access to this content, a full PDF is available via the ‘Save PDF’ action button
Chapter 6. Demography
As brought out in the discussion of Birhor social organization, the band can be viewed as a loose union of families bound together by ties of kinship. This union easily splits or coalesces into smaller or larger units during the course of the year. These changes in composition of the residential unit are facilitated by fairly regular migratory movements of the yearly round. This yearly round of the Birhor is not nearly so patterned as is found in…
Chapter 5. Social Organization
The Birhor constitute a society which is easily distinguished and studied apart from the dominant Indian social groups surrounding them. But they by no means constitute a politically autonomous society. The ultimate characteristics of political autonomy such as capital punishment, the waging of war, and so forth, do not arise as a possibility for the Birhor. Actual contact with the larger society in the form of government power is infrequent, inc…
Chapter 2. Postulates Two Through Six
Given that food is shared within the family and a sexual division of labor with respect to hunting-gathering activities exists, then territorial groups will tend to be patrilocally based It has been shown that at least two types of territoriality may be distinguished—sexual and economic. These are associated with societies of animals which, intraspecifically, represent the smallest kind of grouping having maximal autonomy. In species which are la…
Chapter 4. The Field Investigation
Investigations of the Birhor were confined to Hazaribagh District in the southern part of the state of Bihar, India. Hazaribagh District is on the northern edge of the Chota Nagpur plateau. The plateau is 540 to 600 meters in height with isolated rocky hills rising sharply from this surface as much as another 270 meters in altitude. At its northern edge, the plateau drops off sharply to the Gangetic Plain. When approached from this plain, the esc…
Chapter 8. The Ethnographic Data
Before discussing the fit of the Birhor ethnographic data to our model of hunting-gathering society, a few observations are in order to indicate the frequency and distribution of ethnographically known hunting peoples who do, or do not, appear to fit the model. To do this, I shall rely primarily on the surveys of Steward (1936), Service (1962), Lee and DeVore (1968), Damas (1969), and Bicchieri (1972). Since the objective of this investigation wa…
Appendix
An abstract is not available for this content so a preview has been provided. Please use the Get access link above for information on how to access this content
Chapter 9. Some Implications of the Theory
A theory has been developed, in Chapters 1 through 3, of the social organization of hunting-gathering societies. This theory necessarily dealt also with the territorial or residential organization of such groups. Evidence was presented in Chapters 4 through 8 that the large majority of ethnograhpically known hunting-gathering groups corresponds in some detail to what would be expected from the theory. It also appears that occasional cases of matr…
A re‐examination of the heritability of fertility in the British peerage
(1974). A re‐examination of the heritability of fertility in the British peerage. Social Biology: Vol. 21, No. 3, pp. 225-231
Light intensity and sexual maturity
There are confirmable clines, by latitude, of melanin concentration in pigmentation for man as well as other mammals and birds. This has been suggested to be, in man, a result of the importance of vitamin D synthesis which can be inhibited by darker skins in higher latitudes. Experiments on mice suggest that another mechanism may be operative; greater photic stimulation of the pineal lowers the age at first estrus and may confer a reproductive ad…
Physical Anthropology
A re‐examination of the heritability of fertility in the British peerage
(1974). A re‐examination of the heritability of fertility in the British peerage. Social Biology: Vol. 21, No. 3, pp. 225-231
Rates of evolution
Neo‐darwinian and population genetics theory assumes that the necessary and sufficient set of conditions for all genetic, therefore evolutionary, change has been identified. Punctuationalists have assumed the opposite and cite the fossil record as evidence for change too rapid to be explained in neo‐darwinian theory. Data is given here to provide estimates of the rate of evolution in hominid fossils, in living populations, and of that rate which …
Light intensity and sexual maturity
There are confirmable clines, by latitude, of melanin concentration in pigmentation for man as well as other mammals and birds. This has been suggested to be, in man, a result of the importance of vitamin D synthesis which can be inhibited by darker skins in higher latitudes. Experiments on mice suggest that another mechanism may be operative; greater photic stimulation of the pineal lowers the age at first estrus and may confer a reproductive ad…
Physical Anthropology
Chapter 1. Postulate One
In Order to justify choosing a particular residence and social system as the system most likely to typify the majority of hunting societies, it is not enough that this system is ethnographically the most commonly known among hunting-gathering groups. It is desirable to state general reasons why this should be the case such that we may ask to what extent these conditions were present prior to the ethnographic present. If possible, especially for a…
Chapter 3. General Remarks on the Model
The postulates set forth in preceding chapters lead to a view of hunting-gathering society which, if correct, means that the mating system of paleolithic man varied little in different regions of the world. With the aid of some additional elaboration on this model, to be given in this chapter, we should be able to specify the effects of this mating system on cultural and genetic processes. Further, some consideration will be given to the expected…
Introduction
An abstract is not available for this content so a preview has been provided. As you have access to this content, a full PDF is available via the ‘Save PDF’ action button
Chapter 6. Demography
As brought out in the discussion of Birhor social organization, the band can be viewed as a loose union of families bound together by ties of kinship. This union easily splits or coalesces into smaller or larger units during the course of the year. These changes in composition of the residential unit are facilitated by fairly regular migratory movements of the yearly round. This yearly round of the Birhor is not nearly so patterned as is found in…
Chapter 5. Social Organization
The Birhor constitute a society which is easily distinguished and studied apart from the dominant Indian social groups surrounding them. But they by no means constitute a politically autonomous society. The ultimate characteristics of political autonomy such as capital punishment, the waging of war, and so forth, do not arise as a possibility for the Birhor. Actual contact with the larger society in the form of government power is infrequent, inc…
Chapter 2. Postulates Two Through Six
Given that food is shared within the family and a sexual division of labor with respect to hunting-gathering activities exists, then territorial groups will tend to be patrilocally based It has been shown that at least two types of territoriality may be distinguished—sexual and economic. These are associated with societies of animals which, intraspecifically, represent the smallest kind of grouping having maximal autonomy. In species which are la…
Chapter 4. The Field Investigation
Investigations of the Birhor were confined to Hazaribagh District in the southern part of the state of Bihar, India. Hazaribagh District is on the northern edge of the Chota Nagpur plateau. The plateau is 540 to 600 meters in height with isolated rocky hills rising sharply from this surface as much as another 270 meters in altitude. At its northern edge, the plateau drops off sharply to the Gangetic Plain. When approached from this plain, the esc…
Chapter 8. The Ethnographic Data
Before discussing the fit of the Birhor ethnographic data to our model of hunting-gathering society, a few observations are in order to indicate the frequency and distribution of ethnographically known hunting peoples who do, or do not, appear to fit the model. To do this, I shall rely primarily on the surveys of Steward (1936), Service (1962), Lee and DeVore (1968), Damas (1969), and Bicchieri (1972). Since the objective of this investigation wa…
Appendix
An abstract is not available for this content so a preview has been provided. Please use the Get access link above for information on how to access this content
Chapter 9. Some Implications of the Theory
A theory has been developed, in Chapters 1 through 3, of the social organization of hunting-gathering societies. This theory necessarily dealt also with the territorial or residential organization of such groups. Evidence was presented in Chapters 4 through 8 that the large majority of ethnograhpically known hunting-gathering groups corresponds in some detail to what would be expected from the theory. It also appears that occasional cases of matr…
A re‐examination of the heritability of fertility in the British peerage
(1974). A re‐examination of the heritability of fertility in the British peerage. Social Biology: Vol. 21, No. 3, pp. 225-231
Age Differentials Between Spouses and Australian Marriage Systems
Over a very large area of the central desert and the Northern Territory of Australia the aboriginal populations were characterized by an unusual demographic feature, a remarkable difference in age between spouses at first marriage. Among the various dialect groups the average age of the woman at first marrage was 15 to 20 years less than that of her husband. This is a demographic feature which obviously requires explanation and there have been at…
Reply to Reid's observations on “a re‐examination of the heritability of fertility in the British peerage”
(1975). Reply to Reid's observations on “a re‐examination of the heritability of fertility in the British peerage”. Social Biology: Vol. 22, No. 3, pp. 287-288
Executive Board Members
Black and white
William J. Hamilton, III. Life's Color Code. New York: McGraw‐Hill, 1973. 238 pp. $14.95
On the regression analysis of multivariate failure time data
The paper is concerned with the analysis of regression effects when individual study subjects may experience multiple failures. The proposed methods are most likely to be useful when there are a fairly large number of study subjects. Two general classes of regression models are considered in order to relate the hazard or intensity function to covariates and to preceding failure time history. Both models are of a stratified proportional hazards ty…
A Critical Review of Models in Sociobiology
Sociobiology, as defined by E. O. Wilson, deals with the biological basis of all social behavior (94). This subsumes a large area in the development of genetic models for the evolution of social behavior. This article constitutes a critical review of a set of these models developed over the past 15 years. In assessing models of explanation we have only two major concerns, the adequacy of the logic of the model and the validity of the assumptions …
General/Theoretical
Have We a Darwin of Biocultural Evolution
Rates of evolution
Neo‐darwinian and population genetics theory assumes that the necessary and sufficient set of conditions for all genetic, therefore evolutionary, change has been identified. Punctuationalists have assumed the opposite and cite the fossil record as evidence for change too rapid to be explained in neo‐darwinian theory. Data is given here to provide estimates of the rate of evolution in hominid fossils, in living populations, and of that rate which …
Man's Biological Heritage . 1987. Produced by Educational Video Network, Inc
Las elecciones presidenciales de 2004
1. The anticonvulsant and behavioural effects of the glycine/NMDA receptor partial agonist, L-687,414 (R(+)-cis-beta-methyl-3-amino-1-hydroxypyrrolid-2-one) have been investigated in rodents. 2. L-687,414 dose-dependently antagonized seizures induced by N-methyl-D,L- aspartic acid (NMDLA, ED50 = 19.7 mg kg-1), pentylenetetrazol (PTZ, ED50 = 13.0 mg kg-1) and electroshock (ED50 = 26.1 mg kg-1) when given intravenously 15 min before test, in male S…
The Birhor of India and Some Comments on Band Organization
This chapter explains a particular approach to the study of hunting-gathering groups and describes why this is used by a person whose primary interests are in physical anthropology. It discusses data on a particular group, the Birhor of India, who became a subject of investigation in the pursuit of these interests. The chapter explores some implications of such a view of hunting-gathering society. Birhors live in an area that has been inhabited b…
Sociology (14 works) · Biology (11 works) · Computer Science (11 works) · Geography (8 works) · History (8 works) · Philosophy (7 works) · Anthropology (6 works) · Demography (6 works) · Epistemology (6 works) · Genealogy (6 works)