Tiia Tulviste
Biographic Data
| ID | 77682 |
|---|---|
| NAME | Tiia Tulviste |
| GIVEN NAMES | Tiia |
| FAMILY NAME | Tulviste |
| SIGNATURE | TULVISTE T |
| AFFILIATIONS | University of Tartu |
| ORCID | 0000-0003-0364-4808 |
| VERIFIED | Yes |
| TOTAL WORKS | 45 |
| TOTAL CITATIONS | 58 |
| AUTHOR COUNT | 44 |
| EDITOR COUNT | 1 |
| FIRST PUBLICATION YEAR | 1982 |
| LATEST PUBLICATION YEAR | 2025 |
| H-INDEX | 5 |
Socialization and personal values of teachers in general education, special education, and extracurricular education schools
The study compared socialization and personal values of teachers in general education schools, special education schools, and music schools that offer extracurricular education. A total of 401 teachers in Estonia filled in the Portrait Values Questionnaire. The results showed that teachers’ socialization and personal values were similar across different schools, but teachers in special education schools differed from general education and music s…
Children’s mental health and mother–child elaborative reminiscing during the Covid-19 pandemic
The purpose of the present study was to examine the effect of elaborative reminiscing on children's mental health during the pandemic. In 2020, 43 Estonian and German highly educated middle-class parents were asked to audio record reminiscing conversations with their children and to report their own and their children's mental health using the Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale and Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire, respecti…
Self-concept at different stages of life
The study aimed to find out which differences and similarities emerge in the self-concepts of early and late adolescents and young, middle-aged, and older adults. A total of 822 participants, including 530 adolescents aged 9–19 (over 50% were girls) and 292 adults aged 20–71 (over 80% were women), from Estonia provided their spontaneous self-descriptions. Early adolescents described their preferences, appearance, family, peers, and peripheral att…
A longitudinal study of Estonian mothers’ self-reported language teaching practices and children’s language skills
This study explored associations between mothers’ language teaching practices and children’s language skills concurrently and longitudinally, while also taking into account the children’s sex and mothers’ education. Estonian mothers of 76 children reported their language teaching practices at child ages 3;0 and 4;0. Children’s language comprehension and production were measured via the examiner-administered New Reynell Developmental Language Scal…
Behaviour regulation in the family context in Estonia and Sweden
The aim of the study is to compare the regulatory speech used by parents and children in three different groups: Swedes in Sweden, and Estonians in Estonia and Sweden. 54 families with children of 9-13 were videotaped during mealtime. All regulatory speech aimed at controlling behaviour was identified and coded according to sentence form used for regulation as well as outcome (response). Estonians in Estonia used behaviour directives most frequen…
Autonomy orientation in Estonian and Swedish family interactions
This paper compares the tendency to express autonomy in 20 Estonian, 20 Swedish, and 20 Swedish Estonian middle-class families with preadolescent children during videotaped family mealtimes. The results indicate that compared to the Swedish participants, participants from both Estonian samples expressed autonomy less frequently. Being talkative does not always mean expressing more autonomy. The Swedish preadolescents who were the most talkative a…
You are not allowed to pull someone’s tail!” a cross-cultural comparison of socio-moral comments in Estonian and Swedish peer interaction
The study compared the spontaneous use of verbal comments on socio-moral behavior in 20 Estonian and 22 Swedish kindergarten peer dyads during free play situations. All comments on Moral and Social- conventional rules were coded according to Piotrowski’s (1997) model, as well as according to outcomes (agreement, rejection, negotiation or silence). We found that Swedish children were more active in making socio-moral comments than the Estonian chi…
Regulation of behavior and attention in Estonian, Finnish, and Swedish peer interaction
The aim of this study is to compare the regulatory speech used by Estonian, Finnish, and Swedish kindergarten children. 62 dyads with children of 3-6 years were videotaped during play. All regulatory speech was coded according to play situation (game play or free play), focus of regulation (behavior or attention), addressee (peer or both), sentence form, pragmatic form, and outcome (response). The results confirm earlier studies and show a more s…
Teachers’ personal values, age, and educational setting shape their socialisation values
Teachers in kindergartens and schools also fill an important role of values educators. The study examined teachers’ socialisation values and their links with teachers’ personal values, age, education, and educational setting (kindergarten vs school). A total of 391 teachers in Estonia filled in the Schwartz’s Portrait Values Questionnaire that assessed their personal and socialisation values. Teachers considered self-transcendence values most imp…
Parental reports of communicative development at the age of 36 months
Parental reports are a widely-used source of information about infants’ and toddlers’ communicative skills, but parent-report instruments valid for children older than 30 months are less known. This study explored individual variability in children’s communicative skills at the age of 3;0 via parental reports using the Estonian (E) CDI-III. The validity of ECDI-III was established through correlations with another parent-report instrument (ECDI-I…
To What Extent Do Perceived Parental Socialization Values Match Estonian Adolescents’ Personal Values
Children’s Social Worlds in Cultural Context
People’s Age Affects What Qualities They Value in Children
The study compares socialization values held by respondents of different ages from ethnic Estonian and Russian-speaking minority groups living in Estonia over a period of 6 years. Data were collected in three rounds (2006, 2008, and 2012) of the European Social Survey (ESS) in Estonia. In each round representative samples of the non-institutionalized population aged 15 years and older filled out the Socialization Value Questionnaire (Tulviste 201…
Value Structure and Priorities in Estonian Children
Sources of individual variation in Estonian toddlers’ expressive vocabulary
The vocabulary size of 16- to 30-month-old children ( N = 1235) was assessed using the Estonian adaptation of the MacArthur–Bates Communicative Development Inventory: Words and Sentences (ECDI-II). The relationship between children’s expressive vocabulary size and different factors of the child and his/her social environment was examined. Results confirm the findings of studies from other languages showing that girls have larger vocabularies than…
Composition of Estonian infants’ expressive lexicon according to the adaptation of CDI/Words and Gestures
The growth rate and the composition of expressive lexicon was studied in a sample of 903 infants between the age of 0;8 and 1;4 whose parents completed the Estonian adaptation of the MacArthur–Bates Communicative Development Inventory – Words and Gestures. As expected, older children had on average larger vocabularies compared to younger children. At the age of 1;4 the Estonian infants’ lexicon was smaller compared to the American-English childre…
Maternal values and parenting and Estonian, German, and Russian adolescents' friendship satisfaction
The study examined the extent to which the sociocultural context shapes mothers' values and parenting patterns and moderates associations between adolescents' perceptions of mothers' acceptance and control and adolescents' friendship satisfaction. Questionnaire data were collected from a total of 834 Estonian, German, and Russian middle adolescents and their mothers. The findings indicated culture‐specific patterns and meanings of parenting. In a…
Helping Parents With Chores or Going Out With Friends
The study examined cultural similarities and differences in how adolescents deal with conflicting expectations of parents and peers. It was tested to what extent adolescents’ interdependence values and satisfaction with family and friendships predict the way they would solve the disagreement, where they had planned to go out with friends, but their parents wanted them to stay at home to do chores. Moreover, adolescents’ reasons for their reported…
Links Between Adolescents’ Relationships With Peers, Parents, and Their Values in Three Cultural Contexts
The study examined associations among adolescents’ perceived mother-child and father-child relationship quality (intimacy, conflict, and admiration), perceived peer acceptance, and their values (individualism and collectivism) in a sample of 795 Estonian, German, and Russian 15-year-olds. Adolescents from the three cultural contexts differed in terms of their relationships with parents and peers but were similar in valuing both individualism and …
Value Priorities of Younger and Older Adults in Seven European Countries
Improving Pre-Schoolers' Reasoning Skills Using the Philosophy for Children Programme
1. Introduction Developing language, independent thinking and cooperative learning are essential tasks for young children, and this is the focus of preschool activities for children aged 3-7 in many countries (Fisher 2001, Goh, Yamauchi, & Ratliffe 2012, Koolieelse lasteasutuse riiklik Oppekava 2008, Taggart, Ridley, Rudd, & Benefield 2005). In the context of basic education, verbal reasoning capacity could be defined as an essential cognitive do…
The role of family in adolescents' peer acceptance
The study examined the relative importance of the quality of relationships with parents and grandparents, maternal acceptance and control, the structure of the family, the number of siblings, and adolescents' own attachment style to their perceived peer acceptance. The sample consisted of 300 adolescents (mean age = 15.5) and 300 mothers (mean age = 41.5). Regarding the role of family relationships, the results indicated that only the quality of …
Stability and change in value consensus of ethnic Estonians and Russian-speaking minority
Socialization Values of Mothers and Fathers
The study compared socialization values held by mothers and fathers of children from two age groups: middle childhood and late adolescence. 410 mothers and 269 fathers of children in middle childhood as well as 603 mothers and 406 fathers of late adolescents were given a list of qualities that children might be encouraged to learn at home, and asked to mark five that they consider the most important. The study found that the childâ s age is a fac…
Differences between girls and boys in emerging language skills
The present study explored gender differences in emerging language skills in 13,783 European children from 10 non‐English language communities. It was based on a synthesis of published data assessed with adapted versions of the MacArthur‐Bates Communicative Development Inventories (CDIs) from age 0.08 to 2.06. The results showed that girls are slightly ahead of boys in early communicative gestures, in productive vocabulary, and in combining words…
Socialization in communication
Child-Rearing Values of Estonian and Finnish Mothers and Fathers
This study compares the child-rearing values of mothers and fathers of 4 to 6-year-old children in Estonia and Finland. All samples assign the most value to characteristics related to benevolence, self-direction, and being trustworthy. Valuing smartness and politeness is specific to the Estonian culture, and valuing hedonism is specific to the Finnish culture. Compared with Estonian parents, Finnish parents tend to stress benevolence, hedonism, a…
Regulatory comments as tools of family socialization
The present study's aim is to pinpoint the characteristics of verbal socialization in family interaction in five different sociocultural contexts. Families with early adolescent children (M = 11.5 years) were compared with regard to regulatory comments issued during family mealtimes. Three monocultural groups consisted of 20 Estonian, 20 Swedish, and 20 Finnish families living in their countries of origin; two bicultural and bilingual groups cons…
Socialization at Meals
The amount and types of regulatory speech and verbal comments in mother-adolescent interaction were examined to find out whether Estonians, when compared to their North American counterparts, are more concerned with the behavior of other people and less concerned with their conversational participation. The mealtime interactions between 12 Estonian and 10 American adolescents and their mothers were videotaped in the participants' homes. In both c…
Socialization Values in Stable and Changing Societies
Although socialization values have been consistently linked to sociocultural context, little is known about the question of to what extent societal change is reflected in socialization values. The present study's aim was to address this research gap by comparing the short-term and long-term socialization values of mothers of adolescents from two different cultural groups (142 ethnic Estonian and 65 Russian-speaking mothers) living in a country of…
Relationships Between Perceived Teachers’ and Parental Behavior and Adolescent Outcomes in Estonia
This study addresses relationships between perceived maternal, paternal, and teacher acceptance and behavioral control, and adolescents’ psychological adjustment, school conduct, and academic achievement in Estonia. A total of 224 sixth graders respond to 3 self-report measures. Adolescents’ school conduct and grade point average (GPA) are reported by teachers. Study findings show that girls’ psychological adjustment was predicted by their percep…
Links Between Adolescents’ Relationships With Peers, Parents, and Their Values in Three Cultural Contexts
The study examined associations among adolescents’ perceived mother-child and father-child relationship quality (intimacy, conflict, and admiration), perceived peer acceptance, and their values (individualism and collectivism) in a sample of 795 Estonian, German, and Russian 15-year-olds. Adolescents from the three cultural contexts differed in terms of their relationships with parents and peers but were similar in valuing both individualism and …
There is nothing bad in being talkative
Value Priorities of Younger and Older Adults in Seven European Countries
Stability and change in value consensus of ethnic Estonians and Russian-speaking minority
Sociocultural Variation in Mothers' Control over Children's Behavior
Prior findings of strict control of middle‐class Estonian mothers have not been consistent with middle‐class parent–child interaction patterns reported in other studies. The current study sought to find out to what degree the tendency to be more controlling toward children can be explained by the Estonian mothers' own experience of growing up in a totalitarian society. With this aim, measures of maternal controlling attitudes and actual verbal co…
Value Structure and Priorities in Estonian Children
Maternal values and parenting and Estonian, German, and Russian adolescents' friendship satisfaction
The study examined the extent to which the sociocultural context shapes mothers' values and parenting patterns and moderates associations between adolescents' perceptions of mothers' acceptance and control and adolescents' friendship satisfaction. Questionnaire data were collected from a total of 834 Estonian, German, and Russian middle adolescents and their mothers. The findings indicated culture‐specific patterns and meanings of parenting. In a…
Helping Parents With Chores or Going Out With Friends
The study examined cultural similarities and differences in how adolescents deal with conflicting expectations of parents and peers. It was tested to what extent adolescents’ interdependence values and satisfaction with family and friendships predict the way they would solve the disagreement, where they had planned to go out with friends, but their parents wanted them to stay at home to do chores. Moreover, adolescents’ reasons for their reported…
Autonomy, Educational Plans, and Self-Esteem in Institution-Reared and Home-Reared Teenagers in Estonia
The study examines autonomy, self-esteem, and educational plans for the future of 109 institution-reared and 106 home-reared teenagers (15-19 years). Teenagers were asked to complete the Teen Timetable Scale (Feldman & Rosenthal), two Emotional Autonomy Scales (Steinberg & Silverberg), the Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale, and answer questions about their educational plans for the future. Institution-reared teenagers were found to score lower than the…
Is There a Form of Verbal Thought Specific to Childhood
The view that children's thought differs from adult thought not only quantitatively but also qualitatively is one of the basic tenets of contemporary child psychology, tracing its beginnings to the early works of Piaget. In numerous studies by Piaget, Vygotsky, Bruner, and their colleagues and followers, the specific qualitative transformations that take place in the ontogeny of verbal thought have been demonstrated. In particular, in one of his …
The Development of Language Awareness in the Child
A review is presented of studies of the development of awareness of various aspects of language in the child. Principal attention is focused on the causes of the appearance and the functions of awareness of (1) the difference between a word and what it denotes and the conventionality of the connection between them, (2) the word as a part of a proposition, and (3) the phonetic content of the word. Studies on the development of the concept of a wor…
Discussion of the Works of L. S. Vygotsky in the USA
The name of L. S. Vygotsky, the founder of the cultural-historical school (the Vygotsky-Luria-Leont ev school) in Soviet psychology, was known to American psychologists as early as the 1920s and '30s, when several articles by him on various problems of psychology appeared in American periodicals. The familiarity revived in the '60s with the publication of an abridged English edition of Thought and language. Vygotskys views are now beginning to be…
The conversational style of Estonian mothers
Previous research suggests that Estonian mothers of 2-year-olds are more interested in the control of their children's behaviour than in prompting conversational participation. The present study aims to investigate whether the finding holds true also for Estonian mothers of 4-year-old children. In addition, the amount and type of regulatory language used by mothers with 2-year-olds and 4-year-olds in two activity settings are compared: during mea…
Regulation and Praise in American, Estonian, and Swedish Mother--Child Interaction
This article deals with cultural influences on linguistic regulation and praise in American, Estonian, and Swedish mother-child interaction. Two-year-old children and their mothers from these different countries were videotaped during mealtime and puzzle solving. The video recordings were transcribed and coded for various forms of linguistic behavior. The results reveal both quantitative and qualitative differences among the 3 groups. All childre…
How Much Talk Is Expected From Estonian Children
Initial results from the comparative research on maternal regulatory speech used toward 2-year-old children in Estonia, Sweden and the U.S. (Junefelt and Tulviste 1997) showed that Estonian mothers expected less talk from their children and tended to control their behaviour more than mothers from other countries. The present paper reports investigations aimed to find out whether Estonian mothers of older children (4 yr., 6 yr. olds, and teenagers…
Socialization at Meals
The amount and types of regulatory speech and verbal comments in mother-adolescent interaction were examined to find out whether Estonians, when compared to their North American counterparts, are more concerned with the behavior of other people and less concerned with their conversational participation. The mealtime interactions between 12 Estonian and 10 American adolescents and their mothers were videotaped in the participants' homes. In both c…
Regulatory comments as tools of family socialization
The present study's aim is to pinpoint the characteristics of verbal socialization in family interaction in five different sociocultural contexts. Families with early adolescent children (M = 11.5 years) were compared with regard to regulatory comments issued during family mealtimes. Three monocultural groups consisted of 20 Estonian, 20 Swedish, and 20 Finnish families living in their countries of origin; two bicultural and bilingual groups cons…
Socialization in communication
Contextual Variability in Interactions Between Mothers and 2-year-olds
This study compares the interactions of Estonian mothers and their 2-year-old children across three interaction contexts. At meals, mothers and children were the least talkative, and mothers used the least conversation-eliciting utterances. During bookreading and puzzle-solving situations, mothers were significantly more concerned with eliciting talk from children and directing their attention. A comparison of the current data with data collected…
Expressing communicative intents in Estonian, Finnish, and Swedish mother–adolescent interactions
The present article focused on two types of communicative intent (directing behaviour vs. eliciting talk) expressed by mothers and teenagers during everyday family interactions in Estonian, Finnish, and Swedish mono- and bicultural families. Three monocultural groups consisted of 17 Estonian, 19 Swedish, and 18 Finnish families living in their country of origin; two bicultural and bilingual groups consisted of 18 Estonian and 18 Finnish families …
Sociocultural Variation in Mothers' Control over Children's Behavior
Prior findings of strict control of middle‐class Estonian mothers have not been consistent with middle‐class parent–child interaction patterns reported in other studies. The current study sought to find out to what degree the tendency to be more controlling toward children can be explained by the Estonian mothers' own experience of growing up in a totalitarian society. With this aim, measures of maternal controlling attitudes and actual verbal co…
Hands Off the Car, It’s Mine!” and “The Teacher Will Be Angry if We Don’t Play Nicely”
Child-Rearing Values of Estonian and Finnish Mothers and Fathers
This study compares the child-rearing values of mothers and fathers of 4 to 6-year-old children in Estonia and Finland. All samples assign the most value to characteristics related to benevolence, self-direction, and being trustworthy. Valuing smartness and politeness is specific to the Estonian culture, and valuing hedonism is specific to the Finnish culture. Compared with Estonian parents, Finnish parents tend to stress benevolence, hedonism, a…
How do preschool children engage each other in dialogue in Finland, Estonia and Sweden
The present study compares preschool children in Finland, Estonia and Sweden regarding linguistic structures with which children in dyads elicited talk from each other in a naturalistic play activity. Nineteen Finnish (mean age 5.1), 19 Estonian (mean age 5.4) and 17 Swedish (mean age 5.1) same-sex pairs were video-recorded by a native researcher. Analyses of the results showed that children in different groups produced quite a similar number of …
Relationships Between Perceived Teachers’ and Parental Behavior and Adolescent Outcomes in Estonia
This study addresses relationships between perceived maternal, paternal, and teacher acceptance and behavioral control, and adolescents’ psychological adjustment, school conduct, and academic achievement in Estonia. A total of 224 sixth graders respond to 3 self-report measures. Adolescents’ school conduct and grade point average (GPA) are reported by teachers. Study findings show that girls’ psychological adjustment was predicted by their percep…
Autonomy, Educational Plans, and Self-Esteem in Institution-Reared and Home-Reared Teenagers in Estonia
The study examines autonomy, self-esteem, and educational plans for the future of 109 institution-reared and 106 home-reared teenagers (15-19 years). Teenagers were asked to complete the Teen Timetable Scale (Feldman & Rosenthal), two Emotional Autonomy Scales (Steinberg & Silverberg), the Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale, and answer questions about their educational plans for the future. Institution-reared teenagers were found to score lower than the…
There is nothing bad in being talkative
Differences between girls and boys in emerging language skills
The present study explored gender differences in emerging language skills in 13,783 European children from 10 non‐English language communities. It was based on a synthesis of published data assessed with adapted versions of the MacArthur‐Bates Communicative Development Inventories (CDIs) from age 0.08 to 2.06. The results showed that girls are slightly ahead of boys in early communicative gestures, in productive vocabulary, and in combining words…
Early vocabulary and gestures in Estonian children
Parents of 592 children between the age of 0 ; 8 and 1 ; 4 completed the Estonian adaptation of the MacArthur-Bates Communicative Development Inventory (ECDI Infant Form). The relationships between comprehension and production of different categories of words and gestures were examined. According to the results of regression modelling the production of object gestures and gestural routines was positively correlated with the use of all the word ca…
Socialization Values in Stable and Changing Societies
Although socialization values have been consistently linked to sociocultural context, little is known about the question of to what extent societal change is reflected in socialization values. The present study's aim was to address this research gap by comparing the short-term and long-term socialization values of mothers of adolescents from two different cultural groups (142 ethnic Estonian and 65 Russian-speaking mothers) living in a country of…
Socialization Values of Mothers and Fathers
The study compared socialization values held by mothers and fathers of children from two age groups: middle childhood and late adolescence. 410 mothers and 269 fathers of children in middle childhood as well as 603 mothers and 406 fathers of late adolescents were given a list of qualities that children might be encouraged to learn at home, and asked to mark five that they consider the most important. The study found that the childâ s age is a fac…
The role of family in adolescents' peer acceptance
The study examined the relative importance of the quality of relationships with parents and grandparents, maternal acceptance and control, the structure of the family, the number of siblings, and adolescents' own attachment style to their perceived peer acceptance. The sample consisted of 300 adolescents (mean age = 15.5) and 300 mothers (mean age = 41.5). Regarding the role of family relationships, the results indicated that only the quality of …
Stability and change in value consensus of ethnic Estonians and Russian-speaking minority
Sources of individual variation in Estonian toddlers’ expressive vocabulary
The vocabulary size of 16- to 30-month-old children ( N = 1235) was assessed using the Estonian adaptation of the MacArthur–Bates Communicative Development Inventory: Words and Sentences (ECDI-II). The relationship between children’s expressive vocabulary size and different factors of the child and his/her social environment was examined. Results confirm the findings of studies from other languages showing that girls have larger vocabularies than…
Psychology (43 works) · Developmental psychology (34 works) · Estonian (28 works) · Social Psychology (25 works) · Linguistics (23 works) · Social Psychology (18 works) · Cultural Differences and Values (17 works) · Sociology (15 works) · Child and Adolescent Psychosocial and Emotional Development (11 works) · Language Development and Disorders (10 works)