Paul J Whalen
Biographic Data
| ID | 7832383 |
|---|---|
| NAME | Paul J Whalen |
| GIVEN NAMES | Paul J |
| FAMILY NAME | Whalen |
| SIGNATURE | WHALEN P J |
| AFFILIATIONS | Dartmouth College |
| VERIFIED | No |
| TOTAL WORKS | 13 |
| TOTAL CITATIONS | 0 |
| WORKS AS AUTHOR | 13 |
| WORKS AS EDITOR | 0 |
| FIRST PUBLICATION YEAR | 1991 |
| LATEST PUBLICATION YEAR | 2017 |
| H-INDEX | 0 |
Intolerance of uncertainty predicts increased striatal volume
Oversensitivity to uncertain future threat is usefully conceptualized as intolerance of uncertainty (IU). Neuroimaging studies of IU to date have largely focused on its relationship with brain function, but few studies have documented the association between IU and the quantitative properties of brain structure. Here, we examined potential gray and white-matter brain structural correlates of IU from 61 healthy participants. Voxel-based morphometr…
Differential effects of cognitive load on subjective versus motor responses to ambiguously valenced facial expressions
Valence is a principal dimension by which we understand emotional experiences, but oftentimes events are not easily classified as strictly positive or negative. Inevitably, individuals vary in how they tend to interpret the valence of ambiguous situations. Surprised facial expressions are one example of a well-defined, ambiguous affective event that induces trait-like differences in the propensity to form a positive or negative interpretation. To…
Brain Reward Activity to Masked In-Group Smiling Faces Predicts Friendship Development
This study examined whether neural responses in the ventral striatum (VS) to in-group facial expressions—presented without explicit awareness—could predict friendship patterns in newly arrived individuals from China 6 months later. Individuals who initially showed greater VS activity in response to in-group happy expressions during functional neuroimaging later made considerably more in-group friends, suggesting that VS activity might reflect rew…
Fearful, but not angry, expressions diffuse attention to peripheral targets in an attentional blink paradigm
We previously demonstrated that fearful facial expressions implicitly facilitate memory for contextual events whereas angry facial expressions do not. The current study sought to more directly address the implicit effect of fearful expressions on attention for contextual events within a classic attentional paradigm (i.e., the attentional blink) in which memory is tested on a trial-by-trial basis, thereby providing subjects with a clear, explicit …
Emotion
We begin this review by being clear that we will cover a small subset of what we know about emotion. Specifically, we begin by discussing the role of the amygdala in emotional responses during biologically relevant learning. In doing so, we focus on the human amygdala. We then connect this information to more classic measurements of emotional responding, namely, electromyography (EMG) and electrodermal activity (EDA). Next, we discuss the role of…
Valence resolution of ambiguous facial expressions using an emotional oddball task
Previous research suggests that neural and behavioral responses to surprised faces are modulated by explicit contexts (e.g., "He just found $500"). Here, we examined the effect of implicit contexts (i.e., valence of other frequently presented faces) on both valence ratings and ability to detect surprised faces (i.e., the infrequent target). In Experiment 1, we demonstrate that participants interpret surprised faces more positively when they are p…
Corrugator muscle responses are associated with individual differences in positivity-negativity bias
Corrugator supercilii muscle activity is considered an objective measure of valence because it increases in response to negatively valenced facial expressions (angry) and decreases to positive expressions (happy). The authors sought to determine if corrugator activity could be used as an objective measure of positivity-negativity bias. The authors recorded corrugator responses as participants rated angry, happy, and surprised faces as "positive" …
The amygdala
A functional MRI study of human amygdala responses to facial expressions of fear versus anger
A functional MRI study of human amygdala responses to facial expressions of fear versus anger
Functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) of the human brain was used to compare changes in amygdala activity associated with viewing facial expressions of fear and anger. Pictures of human faces bearing expressions of fear or anger, as well as faces with neutral expressions, were presented to 8 healthy participants. The blood oxygen-level dependent (BOLD) fMRI signal within the dorsal amygdala was significantly greater to Fear versus Anger, i…
Fear, Vigilance, and Ambiguity
Masked Presentations of Emotional Facial Expressions Modulate Amygdala Activity without Explicit Knowledge
Functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) of the human brain was used to study whether the amygdala is activated in response to emotional stimuli, even in the absence of explicit knowledge that such stimuli were presented. Pictures of human faces bearing fearful or happy expressions were presented to 10 normal, healthy subjects by using a backward masking procedure that resulted in 8 of 10 subjects reporting that they had not seen these facial…
Urbs Antiqua
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Urbs Antiqua
Fear, Vigilance, and Ambiguity
Masked Presentations of Emotional Facial Expressions Modulate Amygdala Activity without Explicit Knowledge
Functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) of the human brain was used to study whether the amygdala is activated in response to emotional stimuli, even in the absence of explicit knowledge that such stimuli were presented. Pictures of human faces bearing fearful or happy expressions were presented to 10 normal, healthy subjects by using a backward masking procedure that resulted in 8 of 10 subjects reporting that they had not seen these facial…
The amygdala
A functional MRI study of human amygdala responses to facial expressions of fear versus anger
A functional MRI study of human amygdala responses to facial expressions of fear versus anger
Functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) of the human brain was used to compare changes in amygdala activity associated with viewing facial expressions of fear and anger. Pictures of human faces bearing expressions of fear or anger, as well as faces with neutral expressions, were presented to 8 healthy participants. The blood oxygen-level dependent (BOLD) fMRI signal within the dorsal amygdala was significantly greater to Fear versus Anger, i…
Corrugator muscle responses are associated with individual differences in positivity-negativity bias
Corrugator supercilii muscle activity is considered an objective measure of valence because it increases in response to negatively valenced facial expressions (angry) and decreases to positive expressions (happy). The authors sought to determine if corrugator activity could be used as an objective measure of positivity-negativity bias. The authors recorded corrugator responses as participants rated angry, happy, and surprised faces as "positive" …
Valence resolution of ambiguous facial expressions using an emotional oddball task
Previous research suggests that neural and behavioral responses to surprised faces are modulated by explicit contexts (e.g., "He just found $500"). Here, we examined the effect of implicit contexts (i.e., valence of other frequently presented faces) on both valence ratings and ability to detect surprised faces (i.e., the infrequent target). In Experiment 1, we demonstrate that participants interpret surprised faces more positively when they are p…
Emotion
We begin this review by being clear that we will cover a small subset of what we know about emotion. Specifically, we begin by discussing the role of the amygdala in emotional responses during biologically relevant learning. In doing so, we focus on the human amygdala. We then connect this information to more classic measurements of emotional responding, namely, electromyography (EMG) and electrodermal activity (EDA). Next, we discuss the role of…
Fearful, but not angry, expressions diffuse attention to peripheral targets in an attentional blink paradigm
We previously demonstrated that fearful facial expressions implicitly facilitate memory for contextual events whereas angry facial expressions do not. The current study sought to more directly address the implicit effect of fearful expressions on attention for contextual events within a classic attentional paradigm (i.e., the attentional blink) in which memory is tested on a trial-by-trial basis, thereby providing subjects with a clear, explicit …
Brain Reward Activity to Masked In-Group Smiling Faces Predicts Friendship Development
This study examined whether neural responses in the ventral striatum (VS) to in-group facial expressions—presented without explicit awareness—could predict friendship patterns in newly arrived individuals from China 6 months later. Individuals who initially showed greater VS activity in response to in-group happy expressions during functional neuroimaging later made considerably more in-group friends, suggesting that VS activity might reflect rew…
Differential effects of cognitive load on subjective versus motor responses to ambiguously valenced facial expressions
Valence is a principal dimension by which we understand emotional experiences, but oftentimes events are not easily classified as strictly positive or negative. Inevitably, individuals vary in how they tend to interpret the valence of ambiguous situations. Surprised facial expressions are one example of a well-defined, ambiguous affective event that induces trait-like differences in the propensity to form a positive or negative interpretation. To…
Intolerance of uncertainty predicts increased striatal volume
Oversensitivity to uncertain future threat is usefully conceptualized as intolerance of uncertainty (IU). Neuroimaging studies of IU to date have largely focused on its relationship with brain function, but few studies have documented the association between IU and the quantitative properties of brain structure. Here, we examined potential gray and white-matter brain structural correlates of IU from 61 healthy participants. Voxel-based morphometr…
Psychology (12 works) · Cognitive psychology (11 works) · Neuroscience (11 works) · Neural and Behavioral Psychology Studies (10 works) · Facial expression (7 works) · Cognition (6 works) · Communication (6 works) · Amygdala (5 works) · Memory and Neural Mechanisms (5 works) · Communication (4 works)