Joseph N Cappella
Dados Biográficos
| ID | 78911 |
|---|---|
| NOME | Joseph N Cappella |
| PRENOMES | Joseph N |
| SOBRENOME | Cappella |
| ASSINATURA | CAPPELLA J N |
| AFILIAÇÕES | University of Wisconsin–Madison |
| VERIFICADO | Não |
| TOTAL DE OBRAS | 60 |
| TOTAL DE CITAÇÕES | 892 |
| TOTAL COMO AUTOR | 60 |
| TOTAL COMO EDITOR | 0 |
| PRIMEIRO ANO DE PUBLICAÇÃO | 1975 |
| ANO MAIS RECENTE DE PUBLICAÇÃO | 2023 |
| ÍNDICE H | 14 |
Effect of nicotine corrective messaging on nicotine-related beliefs in US adults
NCT04805515
Iqos print magazine advertising characteristics and reach before and after FDA authorisation as a modified risk tobacco product
After receiving MRTP authorisation, IQOS increased ad expenditures in print magazines with a readership comprised of primarily women. If IQOS returns to the US market, it will be important for tobacco control to monitor their advertisement content, placement, and expenditures
Beliefs as causal mediators in the design of communication interventions
The design of communication campaigns to alter health behaviors often begins with the identification of behavioral beliefs assumed to be causal antecedents of behavioral intentions. The assumption beliefs are causal derives from various theories of belief and intention/behavior and from statistical patterns of correlation. In cases of high-risk/cost campaigns, presuming causal order should require additional evidence. One approach is the parallel…
Influence of online comments on smokers’ E-cigarette attitude
OBJECTIVE: This study examined the effect of online comments on smokers' attitude toward trying e-cigarettes. It also explored the effect of an unobtrusive forewarning in increasing smokers' resistance to online review fraud. DESIGN: 739 adult smokers participated in an experiment with a 2 comment valence (supportive vs. oppositional) x 3 comment deception warning (no warning vs. early warning vs. late warning) + 1 control (no comment) factorial …
Harm Perceptions and Beliefs about Potential Modified Risk Tobacco Products
Under US law, tobacco products may be authorized to claim lower exposure to chemicals, or lower risk of health harms. We sought to examine the harm perceptions and beliefs about potential modified risk tobacco products (MRTPs). We recruited 864 adult current and former smokers in August 2019. Participants read a paragraph describing the potential for the FDA to authorize MRTPs and a brief description of MRTPs. The most endorsed beliefs for each p…
Effects of advertising features on smokers’ and non-smokers’ perceptions of a reduced nicotine cigarette modified risk tobacco product
Disclaimer content may effectively inform consumers about addiction risk of a new RNC cigarette MRTP, and further inform non-smokers about health risks. This element, however, had little effect on perceived health risks among smokers, among whom the Moonlight product name was associated with health risk misperceptions similar to the banned 'light' descriptor
Qué camino tomar
Traducción oficial al español del artículo original en inglés efectuada por la Organización Panamericana de la Salud. En caso de discrepancia, prevalecerá la versión original en inglés. Acceso al artículo original: Am J Public Health. 2020;110(Suppl 3):S284–S285. Doi: https://doi.org/10.2105/AJPH.2020.305905
Where We Go From Here
Misinformation as a Misunderstood Challenge to Public Health
The Potential for Narrative Correctives to Combat Misinformation†
Misinformation can influence personal and societal decisions in detrimental ways. Not only is misinformation challenging to correct, but even when individuals accept corrective information, misinformation can continue to influence attitudes: a phenomenon known as belief echoes, affective perseverance, or the continued influence effect. Two controlled experiments tested the efficacy of narrative-based correctives to reduce this affective residual …
Regulating language, not inference
The 2017 agreement helps dispel some misconceptions about NAS addictiveness, but does not sufficiently rectify misinformation about health or composition. Since 'stricter' language more effectively corrects misinformed beliefs, our results suggest the need for further regulations in addressing misinformation that drives intentions towards NAS
News Frames, Political Cynicism, and Media Cynicism
Public confidence in Congress, the government, and social institutions has reached new lows. Healthy skepticism may have given way to corrosive cynicism. Some media watchers and critics blame the media for their preoccupation with the game and strategy of politics rather than social problems and their solution. Others deny that changes in news have affected the quality of democracy or the depth of political alienation. Studies that we have conduc…
Misinformation and Mass Audiences
When Visual Cues Activate Moral Foundations
Within multimodal persuasive messages, the roles of visual cues in producing unintended effects have been understudied. In an experiment on a sample of former and current smokers (N = 991), we manipulated the presence of visual vaping cues within electronic cigarette video advertisements (N = 25) to evaluate opinions towards vape-free policies. Such cues diminished the effects of pro-vaping arguments to increase support for vape-free policies, in…
Influence of Natural American Spirit advertising on current and former smokers’ perceptions and intentions
The findings of this study provide causal support for the need for further regulatory action to address the potentially harmful ramifications of claims used in NAS advertising
Effect of message congruency on attention and recall in pictorial health warning labels
This study identifies an important design feature of PWLs and demonstrates objective differences in how smokers process PWLs. Our results suggest that message congruency between visual and textual information is beneficial to recall of label content. Moreover, images captured and held smokers' attention better than the text
Vectors into the Future of Mass and Interpersonal Communication Research
Simultaneous developments in big data, social media, and computational social science have set the stage for how we think about and understand interpersonal and mass communication. This article explores some of the ways that these developments generate 4 hypothetical "vectors" - directions - into the next generation of communication research. These vectors include developments in network analysis, modeling interpersonal and social influence, reco…
Advancing the evidentiary base for tobacco warning labels
Selection and Transmission Processes for Information in the Emerging Media Environment
The emerging media environment introduced fundamental changes in the quality and format of information available to the public, which can now flexibly seek, alter, and disseminate the information they receive. Therefore, the two processes of information selection and information retransmission are crucial for understanding the reach of any information available in the online information environment. From this starting point, we examine the common…
Big Data, Digital Media, and Computational Social Science
Constructing Recommendation Systems for Effective Health Messages Using Content, Collaborative, and Hybrid Algorithms
Theoretical and empirical approaches to the design of effective messages to increase healthy and reduce risky behavior have shown only incremental progress. This article explores approaches to the development of a "recommendation system" for archives of public health messages. Recommendation systems are algorithms operating on dense data involving both individual preferences and objective message features. Their goal is to predict ratings for ite…
Collective Intelligence
The rise of the Internet and social media reignites interest in collective intelligence. We frame collective intelligence as follows: (1) Simple aggregation of individual opinion is a poor substitute for reasoned opinion by collectives (i.e., deliberation) except in limited circumstances. (2) What constitutes an intelligent decision on complex matters requires approximations to the ideal of what is intelligent. There is no “gold standard” for int…
Narrative Health Communication and Behavior Change
This study investigated psychological mechanisms underlying the effect of narrative health communication on behavioral intention. Specifically, the study examined how exemplification in news about successful smoking cessation affects recipients' narrative engagement, thereby changing their intention to quit smoking. Nationally representative samples of U.S. adult smokers participated in 2 experiments. The results from the 2 experiments consistent…
How Does Insightful and Emotional Disclosure Bring Potential Health Benefits? Study Based on Online Support Groups for Women With Breast Cancer
Despite much research on the beneficial effects of written disclosure, relatively little attention has been paid to specifying the mechanism underlying the effects. Building upon the two theoretical models (the cognitive adaptation model and the emotional exposure-habituation model), this research focused on two aspects of disclosure content-insights and emotions-and examined how women with breast cancer benefit from written disclosure in online …
Distorting Genetic Research About Cancer
This study considered genetic research relating to cancer outcomes and behaviors, specifically investigating the extent to which claims made in press releases (N = 23) and mainstream print media (N = 71) were fairly derived from their original presentation in scholarly journals (N = 20). Central claims expressing gene–outcome relationships were evaluated by a large pool (N = 40) of genetics graduate students. Raters judged press release claims as…
Do People Watch what they Do Not Trust
This article explores a possible association between skepticism toward the media and audience exposure patterns. Hypotheses predicting a relationship between media skepticism and news media consumption are tested on four large sample data sets. Findings show that media skepticism is negatively associated with mainstream news exposure but positively associated with nonmainstream news exposure
Does Disagreement Contribute to More Deliberative Opinion
Theorists have argued that discussion and disagreement are essential components of sound public opinion, and indeed that both are necessary for effective democracy. But their putative benefits have not been well tested. Consequently, this article examines whether disagreement in political conversation contributes to opinion quality--specifically, whether it expands one's understanding of others' perspectives. Data are drawn from a survey of the A…
News Frames, Political Cynicism, and Media Cynicism
Public confidence in Congress, the government, and social institutions has reached new lows. Healthy skepticism may have given way to corrosive cynicism. Some media watchers and critics blame the media for their preoccupation with the game and strategy of politics rather than social problems and their solution. Others deny that changes in news have affected the quality of democracy or the depth of political alienation. Studies that we have conduc…
Argument Repertoire as a Reliable and Valid Measure of Opinion Quality
A new measure of opinion quality that we name "argument repertoire" (AR) is introduced and evaluated. AR refers to the relevant reasons that one has for one's own opinions and the relevant reasons that others with opposite opinions might have. The measure is shown to be reliable and to have construct validity. Those with elevated AR also were more likely to attend on-line deliberative groups during the presidential election and to contribute to t…
Talk and Silence Sequences in Informal Conversations Iii
Journal Article Talk and Silence Sequences in Informal Conversations III: Interspeaker Influence Get access Joseph N. Cappella, Joseph N. Cappella 1Joseph N. Cappella (Ph.D., Michigan State University, 1974) is associate professor of communication at the University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wisconsin 53706 Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Sally Planalp Sally Planalp 2Sally Planalp (M.A., University of Colorado…
Mutual influence in expressive behavior
Talk and Silence Sequences in Informal Conversations Ii
Three models describing the structure of talk and silence sequences within and across conversations presented in a previous report (Cappella, 1979) are tested. The Markov model, describing talk and silence sequences within a conversation, is found to be a valid representation on a dyad-by-dyad basis. The Independent Decision (ID) model shows some predictive validity between conversations, although its "fit" within the conversation is less than th…
Locating the Issue Public
Broadcast Adwatch Effects
Several national news networks adopted a strategy for responding to misleading, attack ads during the presidential campaign of 1992. These were called adwatches. The adwatches evaluated the content of political commercials for errors and deceptive and misleading claims. They did so, not simply by replaying the offending material and then offering commentary, but rather by interrupting the ad with commentary and repositioning the ad on the screen.…
Talk-Silence Sequences in Informal Conversations I
The literature relevant to talk and silence sequences in informal social conversations is reviewed in terms of individual consistency in talk and silence across and within conversations, the factors which can modify talk and silence consistencies, and the influence of partners' talk and silence behaviors on the other's response. The review leads to the postulation of four models of talk-silence sequences of increasing complexity and decreasing pa…
Cynicism and Social Trust in the New Media Environment
This article, with minor modifications, was the author's presidential speech to the International Communication Association conference, May 2001. It summarizes trends in social trust, trust in government, media, and other social institutions and evaluates the news and entertainment media's roles in these trends. Alternatives to causal accounts are proposed, including variations on genetic or “memetic” forms of explanation for media influences on …
The Relevance of the Microstructure of Interaction to Relationship Change
Theory and research in social and personal relationships has paid lip service to the importance of interaction in the formation, growth and dissolution of such relationships. However, except for a few cases, interaction research has had little concrete to offer to the understanding of outcomes of interpersonal encounters. The present article describes a program of research in interaction analysis whose aim is to forge strong links between the res…
The Effects of Political Talk Radio On Political Attitude Formation
The effects of political news on the mass audience are usually difficult to establish empirically. Recent models of mass communication effects have held that political knowledge is a better indicator of media reception than traditional measures of exposure. This claim is tested in two studies of attitudes toward Democratic and Republican leaders during the 1996 U.S. presidential primary campaigns. The impact of messages from three types of politi…
Big Data, Digital Media, and Computational Social Science
Vectors into the Future of Mass and Interpersonal Communication Research
Simultaneous developments in big data, social media, and computational social science have set the stage for how we think about and understand interpersonal and mass communication. This article explores some of the ways that these developments generate 4 hypothetical "vectors" - directions - into the next generation of communication research. These vectors include developments in network analysis, modeling interpersonal and social influence, reco…
Behavioral and judged coordination in adult informal social interactions
Coordination in social interaction means that persons adjust their actions to those of their partners. Common methods for measuring coordination include judgments and behavioral covariation. Sixteen 1-min segments of interaction were chosen (8 high and 8 low in behavioral coordination). In Study 1, 51 people judged the 16 segments, rating each for coordination. Study 2 (N = 17) used different items. Study 3 (N = 22) replicated Study 2 without sou…
The Impact of Political Talk Radio Exposure on Attributions About the Outcome of the 1996 U.S. Presidential Election
This study investigates the media's potential to affect audiences' interpretations of news events. It compares perceptions of the causes of the 1996 presidential election outcome across four media consumption groups: listeners to the program of Rush Limbaugh, listeners to other political talk radio, consumers of mainstream news media, and nonconsumers of news media. Limbaugh listeners were more likely to discount substantive election explanations…
Setting the Record Straight
Ad watches are a technique that broadcasters use to critique political ads. Research evaluating their effectiveness by Stephen Ansolabehere and Shanto lyengar (1996) found that ad watches actually helped the candidates being criticized. These results may be due to the authors' choice of ad watches, which were more supportive than critical. Ad watches using critical commentary can reframe the targeted ad and undermine its justification
Lost in Translation
Understanding how genetic science is communicated to the lay public is of great import. To address this issue, this study examines the presentation of genetic research relating to cancer outcomes and behaviors (i.e., prostate cancer, breast cancer, colon cancer, smoking and obesity) in both the press release ( n = 23) and its subsequent news coverage ( n = 71). Data suggest that genetic discoveries are presented in a biologically deterministic an…
An Introduction to the Literature of Causal Modeling
Journal Article An Introduction to the Literature of Causal Modeling Get access Joseph N. Cappella Joseph N. Cappella 1University of Wisconsin-Madison Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Human Communication Research, Volume 1, Issue 4, June 1975, Pages 362–377, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1468-2958.1975.tb00285.x Published: 17 March 2006
Visual Attention to Antismoking PSAs
This study examines how addicted smokers attend visually to smoking-related public service announcements (PSAs) in adults smokers. Smokers' onscreen visual fixation is an indicator of cognitive resources allocated to visual attention. Characteristic of individuals with addictive tendencies, smokers are expected to be appetitively activated by images of their addiction-specifically smoking cues. At the same time, these cues are embedded in message…
Production Principles for Turn-Taking Rules in Social Interaction
Turn-taking rules are one of the social abilities that are widely shared among social actors. Mutual adherence to these rules allows social interactions to proceed smoothly as the back and forth flow of speaking and listening roles are regulated. Evidence reviewed here suggests that certain behaviours involved in turn-taking rules, in particular eye gaze aversion, body-focused gesture, and pausing, are employed differently by socially anxious and…
Where We Go From Here
Limbaugh
The Faclal Feedback Hypothesis in Human Interaction
In theory and research on human emotional response, the facial feedback hypothesis (FFH) has held a special place because its claims are both counterintuitive and controversial. In this article, evidence for the hypothesis is reviewed in light of certain of the critical assessments of the hypothesis. It is concluded that the empirical evidence and the theoretical speculation are of sufficient strength to warrant confidence in the reliability of t…
An Introduction to the Literature of Causal Modeling
Journal Article An Introduction to the Literature of Causal Modeling Get access Joseph N. Cappella Joseph N. Cappella 1University of Wisconsin-Madison Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Human Communication Research, Volume 1, Issue 4, June 1975, Pages 362–377, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1468-2958.1975.tb00285.x Published: 17 March 2006
Talk-Silence Sequences in Informal Conversations I
The literature relevant to talk and silence sequences in informal social conversations is reviewed in terms of individual consistency in talk and silence across and within conversations, the factors which can modify talk and silence consistencies, and the influence of partners' talk and silence behaviors on the other's response. The review leads to the postulation of four models of talk-silence sequences of increasing complexity and decreasing pa…
An Information-Processing Explanation of Attitude–Behavior Inconsistency
Talk and Silence Sequences in Informal Conversations Ii
Three models describing the structure of talk and silence sequences within and across conversations presented in a previous report (Cappella, 1979) are tested. The Markov model, describing talk and silence sequences within a conversation, is found to be a valid representation on a dyad-by-dyad basis. The Independent Decision (ID) model shows some predictive validity between conversations, although its "fit" within the conversation is less than th…
Mutual influence in expressive behavior
Talk and Silence Sequences in Informal Conversations Iii
Journal Article Talk and Silence Sequences in Informal Conversations III: Interspeaker Influence Get access Joseph N. Cappella, Joseph N. Cappella 1Joseph N. Cappella (Ph.D., Michigan State University, 1974) is associate professor of communication at the University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wisconsin 53706 Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Sally Planalp Sally Planalp 2Sally Planalp (M.A., University of Colorado…
The Relevance of the Microstructure of Interaction to Relationship Change
Theory and research in social and personal relationships has paid lip service to the importance of interaction in the formation, growth and dissolution of such relationships. However, except for a few cases, interaction research has had little concrete to offer to the understanding of outcomes of interpersonal encounters. The present article describes a program of research in interaction analysis whose aim is to forge strong links between the res…
Production Principles for Turn-Taking Rules in Social Interaction
Turn-taking rules are one of the social abilities that are widely shared among social actors. Mutual adherence to these rules allows social interactions to proceed smoothly as the back and forth flow of speaking and listening roles are regulated. Evidence reviewed here suggests that certain behaviours involved in turn-taking rules, in particular eye gaze aversion, body-focused gesture, and pausing, are employed differently by socially anxious and…
Cognition and Talk
This paper reports two studies concerning the relationship of temporal rhythms in speech fluency to the ideational content of the discourse. Action assembly theory is employed to advance the prediction that when subjects are not allowed to prepare speech in advance of actual production, there will be a tendency for ideational boundaries to be associated with a decrease in speech fluency. This relationship was hypothesized to be attenuated, howeve…
The Structure and Organisation of Verbal and Nonverbal Behaviour
The question of the relationship between verbal and nonverbal behaviours is addressed from the point of view of the effects that these behaviours have on judgments that participants and observers make about persons enacting these behaviours. Behaviours that produce similar judgments may be said to have similar functions or meanings. Literature relevant to the effects of various verbal and nonverbal behaviours on judgments of control and affiliati…
Social and linguistic factors influencing adaptation in children's speech
The Faclal Feedback Hypothesis in Human Interaction
In theory and research on human emotional response, the facial feedback hypothesis (FFH) has held a special place because its claims are both counterintuitive and controversial. In this article, evidence for the hypothesis is reviewed in light of certain of the critical assessments of the hypothesis. It is concluded that the empirical evidence and the theoretical speculation are of sufficient strength to warrant confidence in the reliability of t…
Broadcast Adwatch Effects
Several national news networks adopted a strategy for responding to misleading, attack ads during the presidential campaign of 1992. These were called adwatches. The adwatches evaluated the content of political commercials for errors and deceptive and misleading claims. They did so, not simply by replaying the offending material and then offering commentary, but rather by interrupting the ad with commentary and repositioning the ad on the screen.…
An Evolutionary Psychology of Gricean Cooperation
Human interaction is fundamentally cooperative in the Gricean sense. This implies that people try to make conversational contributions that are relevant to the conversation's direction and that listeners attempt to interpret the contributions of their partners as if they were relevant, even when they are obviously irrelevant. Even examples of conscious exploitation of the cooperative principle by unscrupulous actors help to prove the cooperative …
Why Biological Explanation
Journal Article Why Biological Explanation? Get access Joseph N. Cappella Joseph N. Cappella 1Joseph Cappella is a professor in the Annenberg School for Communication at the University of Pennsylvania. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Journal of Communication, Volume 46, Issue 3, September 1996, Pages 4–7, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1460-2466.1996.tb01485.x Published: 07 February 2006
Bridging the Disciplinary Divide
Academic disciplines see research questions through the biases created by their presuppositions and preferred methods. Political science and communication are no different. In the past, political scientists more often focused on outcomes and the social and economic judgments that seemed to shape them while communication researchers have focused more intensely on the structure and content of the messages that make up campaigns. To understand the r…
News Frames, Political Cynicism, and Media Cynicism
Public confidence in Congress, the government, and social institutions has reached new lows. Healthy skepticism may have given way to corrosive cynicism. Some media watchers and critics blame the media for their preoccupation with the game and strategy of politics rather than social problems and their solution. Others deny that changes in news have affected the quality of democracy or the depth of political alienation. Studies that we have conduc…
Spiral of Cynicism
Why do some citizens vote while others do not? Why does less than half of the American voting public routinely show up at the polls? Why is it that the vast majority of political issues affecting our day-to-day lives fail to generate either public interest or understanding? These questions have troubled political scientists for decades. Here, Kathleen Hall Jamieson and Joseph N. Cappella provide the first conclusive evidence to date that it is in…
Behavioral and judged coordination in adult informal social interactions
Coordination in social interaction means that persons adjust their actions to those of their partners. Common methods for measuring coordination include judgments and behavioral covariation. Sixteen 1-min segments of interaction were chosen (8 high and 8 low in behavioral coordination). In Study 1, 51 people judged the 16 segments, rating each for coordination. Study 2 (N = 17) used different items. Study 3 (N = 22) replicated Study 2 without sou…
Spiral of Cynicism
This is the first study to provide conclusive evidence that the way the American news and broadcast media currently cover political issues and events directly causes increased voter cynicism and non-participation. In a path-breaking study, Jamieson and Cappella examine how the media cover both political campaigns and significant legislation (the passage of health care reform). The focus on the game of politics, rather than its substance, fuels a …
Setting the Record Straight
Ad watches are a technique that broadcasters use to critique political ads. Research evaluating their effectiveness by Stephen Ansolabehere and Shanto lyengar (1996) found that ad watches actually helped the candidates being criticized. These results may be due to the authors' choice of ad watches, which were more supportive than critical. Ad watches using critical commentary can reframe the targeted ad and undermine its justification
Limbaugh
The Effects of Political Talk Radio On Political Attitude Formation
The effects of political news on the mass audience are usually difficult to establish empirically. Recent models of mass communication effects have held that political knowledge is a better indicator of media reception than traditional measures of exposure. This claim is tested in two studies of attitudes toward Democratic and Republican leaders during the 1996 U.S. presidential primary campaigns. The impact of messages from three types of politi…
Cynicism and Social Trust in the New Media Environment
This article, with minor modifications, was the author's presidential speech to the International Communication Association conference, May 2001. It summarizes trends in social trust, trust in government, media, and other social institutions and evaluates the news and entertainment media's roles in these trends. Alternatives to causal accounts are proposed, including variations on genetic or “memetic” forms of explanation for media influences on …
The Impact of Political Talk Radio Exposure on Attributions About the Outcome of the 1996 U.S. Presidential Election
This study investigates the media's potential to affect audiences' interpretations of news events. It compares perceptions of the causes of the 1996 presidential election outcome across four media consumption groups: listeners to the program of Rush Limbaugh, listeners to other political talk radio, consumers of mainstream news media, and nonconsumers of news media. Limbaugh listeners were more likely to discount substantive election explanations…
Psychology (48 obras) · Social Psychology (29 obras) · Computer Science (25 obras) · Political science (24 obras) · Social Psychology (21 obras) · Cognitive psychology (16 obras) · Medicine (16 obras) · Sociology (16 obras) · Law (13 obras) · Misinformation and Its Impacts (13 obras)