Marina Ottaway
Datos Biográficos
| ID | 80275 |
|---|---|
| NOMBRE | Marina Ottaway |
| NOMBRES | Marina |
| APELLIDO | Ottaway |
| FIRMA | OTTAWAY M |
| AFILIACIONES | Carnegie Endowment for International Peace |
| ORCID | 0000-0002-0394-5101 |
| VERIFICADO | Sí |
| TOTAL DE OBRAS | 72 |
| TOTAL DE CITAS | 291 |
| TOTAL COMO AUTOR | 70 |
| TOTAL COMO EDITOR | 2 |
| PRIMER AÑO DE PUBLICACIÓN | 1971 |
| AÑO MÁS RECIENTE DE PUBLICACIÓN | 2021 |
| ÍNDICE H | 9 |
Regulating Islam
Discussions of separation of state and religion with scholars of Islamist persuasion invariably start with the somewhat patronizing remark that Westerners do not understand that there can be no separation of state and religion in Islam, thus in the Muslim world. From the earliest days of Mohammed and his successors, political and religious authority were combined. The Muslim political and religious ideal remains that of the caliphate: a single re…
The New Arab Uprisings
Soviet and American Influence in the Horn of Africa
Does Research on Constitutions Matter
Alan Kuperman and his colleagues have brought us a most sophisticated study of the impact of constitutional designs on conflict management in Africa. Their insights are equally relevant to other pa
Democracy Challenged
Funding Virtue
Social Movements, Professionalization of Reform, and Democracy in Africa
Getting to Pluralism
Pluralism in the Arab world has not yet matured into functional democratic politics. While ruling establishments, Islamist movements, and secular parties have introduced a much greater degree of pluralism into Arab societies, the imbalance of power and interdependence among these actors limits both the degree of political diversity and its effectiveness at bringing about reforms. The Arab world is likely to grapple with political apathy, low vote…
Yemen on the Brink
The Rise and Fall of Political Reform in the Arab World
The lesson taught by Egypt and Iraq ... is that real political reform only occurs when a new balance of power emerges in a country
Yemen on the Brink
Contents include * Yemen: Avoiding a Downward Spiral * What Comes Next in Yemen? Al-Qaeda, the Tribes, and State-Building * The Political Challenge of Yemen's Southern Movement * War in Saada: From Local Insurrection to National Challenge * Instrumentalizing Grievances: Al-Qaeda in the Arabian Peninsula
What Should Be Done About Iraq
Research Article| January 01 2007 What Should Be Done About Iraq? Marina Ottaway Marina Ottaway Marina Ottaway is director of the Middle East program at the Carnegie Endowment. She serves as an adviser to the Iraq Study Group, headed by former Secretary of State James Baker and former Congressman Lee Hamilton. Her most recent book, co-edited with Thomas Carothers, is Uncharted Journey: Democracy Promotion in the Middle East (Carnegie, 2005). Sear…
Democracy
The following is an edited transcript of the thirty-ninth in a series of Capitol Hill conferences convened by the Middle East Policy Council. The meeting was held on April 22, 2005, in the Hart Senate Office Building, with Chas. W. Freeman, Jr., moderating
Uncharted Journey
The United States faces no greater challenge today than successfully fulfilling its new ambition of helping bring about a democratic transformation of the Middle East. Uncharted Journey contributes a wealth of concise, illuminating insights on this subject, drawing on the contributors' deep knowledge of Arab politics and their substantial experience with democracy-building in other parts of the world. The essays in part one vividly dissect the st…
Stalled democracy. Capital, labor, and the paradox of state‐sponsored development
Middle East Democracy
Promoting Democracy after Conflict
This article examines the democratic reconstruction model advocated by western countries for postconflict societies. It finds that the model has not been implemented successfully, in part because of a lack of international political will and financial resources, in part because the model has grown too complex. As the international community learned from successive experiences with postconflict reconstruction, the model grew in sophistication and …
One Country, Two Plans
Can't Buy Me Democracy
Rebuilding Afghanistan
In the past several decades, the international community has relied on three approaches to deal with countries that descend into chaos. It has supported strongmen capable of reimposing order by force; it has given up in despair, leaving the country to sort out its problems as best it can; and, most recently, it has embarked on ambitious projects to reconstruct the country in the image of a modern secular, multiethnic, and democratic state. None o…
Nation Building
Rebuilding State Institutions in Collapsed States
The international community has embraced an unprecedented approach to collapsed states - those that have lost their capacity to perform even the most basic functions. While historically such states simply disappeared, divided up into smaller units or were conquered by a more powerful neighbour, collapsed states are now expected to be rebuilt within the same international borders thanks to the intervention of multilateral organizations and bilater…
Aiding Democracy Abroad
Croatia's Second Transition and the International Community
The international community should rethink the applicability in the short run of some of the high principles that guide its demands, and accept instead the basic lesson of democracy: democratic governments succeed and indeed only survive when they strike a compromise between what they should do ideally and what their constituencies demand
Reluctant Missionaries
Democracy Challenged
Debating Democracy Assistance
Debating Democracy AssistanceToward a New Paradigm Marina Ottaway (bio) and Theresa Chung (bio) The cost of democratic development—the price tag attached to building democratic institutions, electoral processes, and even political parties and civil-society organizations—is an issue that has received scant attention. Yet a combination of donors' well-intentioned efforts at accelerating democratization and recipients' ambition to adopt modern, up-t…
Ethiopia
Rebuilding State Institutions in Collapsed States
The international community has embraced an unprecedented approach to collapsed states - those that have lost their capacity to perform even the most basic functions. While historically such states simply disappeared, divided up into smaller units or were conquered by a more powerful neighbour, collapsed states are now expected to be rebuilt within the same international borders thanks to the intervention of multilateral organizations and bilater…
Promoting Democracy after Conflict
This article examines the democratic reconstruction model advocated by western countries for postconflict societies. It finds that the model has not been implemented successfully, in part because of a lack of international political will and financial resources, in part because the model has grown too complex. As the international community learned from successive experiences with postconflict reconstruction, the model grew in sophistication and …
Corporatism Goes Global
In February 1998, an organization called the World Commission on Dams (WCD) was launched at a ceremony in Cape Town, South Africa. An independent commission that included members of nongovernmental organizations (NGOs) opposed to the construction of large dams, engineering and business groups favoring it, and other experts, the WCD was the outcome of years of international protests about the ecological and social impact of dams. The protests, whi…
South Africa
The un-banning of the African National Congress and the release of Nelson Mandela in February 1990 cleared the way for negotiations from which a new post-apartheid political order could emerge. But three years later, the main parties have made little progress towards a compromise, while violence has escalated in the townships. Marina Ottaway explains that the transition is likely to take an unprecendented form, influenced not only by internal for…
Uncharted Journey
The United States faces no greater challenge today than successfully fulfilling its new ambition of helping bring about a democratic transformation of the Middle East. Uncharted Journey contributes a wealth of concise, illuminating insights on this subject, drawing on the contributors' deep knowledge of Arab politics and their substantial experience with democracy-building in other parts of the world. The essays in part one vividly dissect the st…
Africa's New Leaders
This book's starting assumption is that democracy is always desirable, but may not always be possible in the short and medium run. The road to democracy thus may not initially be democratic. In this perspective, the author examines the experience of a small number of African countries which--under the guidance of energetic new leaders--have turned the corner away from conflict and economic disintegration and are now pursuing economic and politica…
Nation Building
Reluctant Missionaries
Liberation Movements and Transition to Democracy
South African scholars writing about the end of apartheid have been unanimous in the contention that it is useless to seek parallels and learn lessons from what has happened elsewhere in the continent in the process of decolonisation. South Africa was not a colony but an independent country, they argued. No metropolitan power had the ultimate say concerning its future, let alone the ability to impose a settlement on the white minority that meant …
Mozambique
In the four years since the signing of the Nkomati accord in March 1984, Mozambique has undergone a quiet but far-reaching process of policy reform. Faced with a major crisis caused by the Renamo insurgency and by economic mismanagement, the Government has apparently abandoned its ambitious programme of socialist transformation through the creation of state farms and the launching of large projects, adopting instead a package of market-oriented e…
Soviet and American Influence in the Horn of Africa
Middle East Democracy
Land Reform in Ethiopia 1974-1977
In March 1975, the Ethiopian ruling military council, or Derg, proclaimed a sweeping land reform, which aimed at bringing about a complete transformation in the country's complex land tenure system and in its social and political structures. More than a land reform, the measure should be called a land revolution, for there was nothing reformist in the Derg's approach. It simply opened the floodgates of rural discontent, allowing the peasants to t…
Soviet and American Influence in the Horn of Africa
One Country, Two Plans
African Democratisation and the Leninist Option
The political openings that took place in the early 1990s, followed by a wave of elections across Africa, were widely interpreted as the beginning of a transition to democracy. Few persons knowledgeable about the continent assumed that this process would be easy. The obstacles, it was recognised, were legion, ranging from the nature of the existing régimes to the difficult economic circumstances confronted by virtually all countries. Nevertheless…
Democracy and New Democracy
In early 1976 the Ethiopian Amharic language daily, Addis Zemen, opened its columns to a surprisingly free political debate. Through a series of so-called letters to the editor, two political factions, one violently opposed to the military government, the other reluctantly in favor of it, exchanged daily barbs. Both groups considered themselves Marxists-Leninists, both wanted people's government and a socialist revolution. Both, it should be adde…
Does Research on Constitutions Matter
Alan Kuperman and his colleagues have brought us a most sophisticated study of the impact of constitutional designs on conflict management in Africa. Their insights are equally relevant to other pa
Democracy
The following is an edited transcript of the thirty-ninth in a series of Capitol Hill conferences convened by the Middle East Policy Council. The meeting was held on April 22, 2005, in the Hart Senate Office Building, with Chas. W. Freeman, Jr., moderating
Post-Imperial Africa at War
Essay| May 01 1999 Post-Imperial Africa at War Marina Ottaway Marina Ottaway Marina Ottaway is a senior associate at the Carnegie Endowment for International Peace. She is the author, most recently, of Africa’s New Leaders: Democracy or State Reconstruction? (Washington, D.C.: Carnegie Endowment for International Peace, 1999). Search for other works by this author on: This Site PubMed Google Scholar Current History (1999) 98 (628): 202–207. https…
Africa
Africa’s “New Leaders”
Essay| May 01 1998 Africa’s “New Leaders”: African Solution or African Problem? Marina Ottaway Marina Ottaway Marina Ottaway is a senior associate at the Carnegie Endowment for International Peace and an adjunct professor of African studies at the School for Advanced International Studies, Johns Hopkins University. Search for other works by this author on: This Site PubMed Google Scholar Current History (1998) 97 (619): 209–213. https://doi.org/1…
Algeria
Recent Studies on the Greater Maghrib
Social Classes and Corporate Interests in the Ethiopian Revolution
In February 1974, Ethiopia entered a period of deep and occasionally violent political and social change, the result of the breakdown of a semi-feudal system under the impact of economic modernisation. Despite the fact that the army played, and is still playing, the central rôle, it would be wrong to regard the change simply as a coup d'état which replaced one authoritarian régime with another. The political movement that started then was the res…
Land Reform in Ethiopia 1974-1977
In March 1975, the Ethiopian ruling military council, or Derg, proclaimed a sweeping land reform, which aimed at bringing about a complete transformation in the country's complex land tenure system and in its social and political structures. More than a land reform, the measure should be called a land revolution, for there was nothing reformist in the Derg's approach. It simply opened the floodgates of rural discontent, allowing the peasants to t…
The Survival of Ethiopian Independence
Soviet Marxism and African Socialism
In the last few years, there has been a sharp upsurge in the popularity of Marxism among intellectuals in African countries. The earlier African ideologies - ujamaa, humanism, négritude - with their softer, reconciliatory attitudes, and their stress on brotherhood rather than class struggle, have lost some of their appeal for progressive or radical African intellectuals. The reasons for this decline are fairly obvious. The early progressive ideol…
Democracy and New Democracy
In early 1976 the Ethiopian Amharic language daily, Addis Zemen, opened its columns to a surprisingly free political debate. Through a series of so-called letters to the editor, two political factions, one violently opposed to the military government, the other reluctantly in favor of it, exchanged daily barbs. Both groups considered themselves Marxists-Leninists, both wanted people's government and a socialist revolution. Both, it should be adde…
Revolution and Publication
Ethiopia
Ethiopia
Afrocommunism
Ethiopia
The Ethiopian Revolution
Soviet and American Influence in the Horn of Africa
Afrocommunism
Afrocommunism
Drought and Development in Ethiopia
Research Article| May 01 1986 Drought and Development in Ethiopia Marina Ottaway Marina Ottaway Professor of Political Science, George Mason University Marina Ottaway has taught at the University of Addis Ababa and has been a frequent visitor to Ethiopia. She is coauthor of Ethiopia: Empire in Revolution (New York: Africana, 1978) and Afrocommunism (New York: Africana, 1981). Search for other works by this author on: This Site PubMed Google Schol…
KAU, The Kenya National Union
The Crisis of the Socialist State in Africa
Socialism in Africa was undergoing a deep crisis in the mid-1980s. All socialist states were in dire economic straits, and most were still struggling unsuccessfully to create the political institutions they thought necessary for the system to become rooted in the society. The internal difficulties of the African socialist countries were further compounded by the pressure put on them by Western governments (and above all Western financial institut…
Afro-Marxist Regimes
Post‐Numeiri Sudan
(1987). Post‐Numeiri Sudan: One year on. Third World Quarterly: Vol. 9, No. 3, pp. 891-905
Economic Reform and War in Mozambique
Essay| May 01 1988 Economic Reform and War in Mozambique Marina Ottaway Marina Ottaway Associate Professor of Political Science, School of International Service, American University Marina Ottaway’s publications include Afrocommunism (New York: Africana, 1986), coauthored with David Ottaway; and “State Power Consolidation in Mozambique,” coauthored with Herbert Howe, in Edmond J. Keller and Donald Rothchild, eds., Afro-Marxist Regimes (Boulder: L…
Mozambique
In the four years since the signing of the Nkomati accord in March 1984, Mozambique has undergone a quiet but far-reaching process of policy reform. Faced with a major crisis caused by the Renamo insurgency and by economic mismanagement, the Government has apparently abandoned its ambitious programme of socialist transformation through the creation of state farms and the launching of large projects, adopting instead a package of market-oriented e…
Changing American Assessment of the Soviet Threat in Sub-Saharan Africa, 1975-1985
The Political Economy of Ethiopia
Political science (65 obras) · Law (38 obras) · Politics (36 obras) · Economics (33 obras) · Sociology (27 obras) · Political economy (25 obras) · Development economics (23 obras) · History (23 obras) · African history and culture analysis (20 obras) · Democracy (20 obras)