А Yu Fedorchenko
Biographic Data
| ID | 820222 |
|---|---|
| NAME | А Yu Fedorchenko |
| GIVEN NAMES | А Yu |
| FAMILY NAME | Fedorchenko |
| SIGNATURE | FEDORCHENKO А Y |
| AFFILIATIONS | Institute of Archaeology and Ethnography |
| ORCID | 0000-0001-7812-8037 |
| VERIFIED | Yes |
| TOTAL WORKS | 73 |
| TOTAL CITATIONS | 83 |
| AUTHOR COUNT | 73 |
| EDITOR COUNT | 0 |
| FIRST PUBLICATION YEAR | 2017 |
| LATEST PUBLICATION YEAR | 2026 |
| H-INDEX | 6 |
Technical Aspects of the Final Shaping of Leaf-Shaped Bifacial Tools in the Upper Paleolithic Altai
The paper presents the results of a technological analysis of leaf-shaped bifaces, brought to the final stage of manufacture, and of the production waste from such bifaces, discovered at the Upper Paleolithic sites in the Altai Mountains: Kara-Bom, Tyumechin-4, Ust-Karakol-1, Anui-3, and Denisova Cave. The key aspect of the study was the technical methods of secondary thinning and shaping of bifaces, traceable on artifacts from the pre-final and …
Paleolithic Cashes of the Late Ushki Culture of Kamchatka
Purpose . The article presents the results of a study of four closed accumulations of stone artifacts – caches – identified in Layer VI of the multilayered Ushki I site in Kamchatka. The research is based on the systematization of published and archival materials, as well as on technological, typological, and spatial analyses of the artifacts identified in the archaeological collection. Results . It has been established that the caches demonstrat…
Shell of Tritia nitida Sea Snail from a Neolithic Burial at the Ust-Aleyka-5 Flat Burial Ground, Barnaul Stretch of the Ob
В статье представлены результаты комплексного исследования материалов погр. 2 памятника Усть-Алейка-5 в Верхнем Приобье. В 1982 г. было обнаружено вертикальное захоронение ребенка с богатым сопроводительным инвентарем (каменные артефакты, украшения из кости и зубов млекопитающих, раковины двустворчатых моллюсков рода Unio). Особое внимание уделено изучению уникальной для данного региона находки – раковины морского брюхоногого моллюска Tritia niti…
The Lithic Assemblage and Adornments from the Upper Paleolithic Ushki IV Site
This article presents the results of analysis of the archaeological collection from Cultural Layer VI of the Ushki IV site in Central Kamchatka, obtained by N.N. Dikov during field investigations in 1964, 1966, and 1972. The study aimed to determine technical and typological characteristics of the lithic industry as well as to identify features of symbolic behavior and personal ornamentation traditions among the Upper Paleolithic inhabitants of t…
Developing Diagnostic Criteria for Differentiating Blades Produced by Stone and Antler Hammers (Based on Experimental Knapping Data)
This article presents the results of an analysis of a collection of experimental reference samples—laminar blanks produced within a unified reduction sequence for knapping volcanic rock (tuff from the Ursul River, Central Altai) using two different knapping techniques: direct percussion with a soft mineral hammer and with an antler hammer. The replicated reduction model was based on a knapping method reconstructed through the study of the most an…
Wooden Parts of Bows and Crossbows from Babushkina Bay in the Northern Sea of Okhotsk Region
This article analyzes a unique collection of components belonging to wooden bows and a crossbow discovered in burial complexes at Babushkina Bay (Northern Sea of Okhotsk region) and dated to the 8th–14th centuries. The exceptionally good preservation of organic materials at these sites provides a rare opportunity for detailed study of design in projectile weaponry of the Ancient Koryak culture. This research presents and systematizes previously u…
Upper Paleolithic Adornments from the Surface Collection of the Ushki V Site
The article presents the results of a complex study of stone adornments (n = 10) from the collection of surface archaeological materials from the Ushki V site in Central Kamchatka. The items were discovered in an eroded area of the site during a survey in 2000. The research was based on data from technological, experimental/use-wear, and spatial analysis. The conducted analysis verified the spatial context of eight items found in two main cluster…
Functional Analysis of Splintered Pieces from Cultural Layer VII of the Ushki I Site
This article presents the results of a complex analysis of splintered pieces (pièces esquillées) from the Upper Paleolithic Cultural Layer VII at the Ushki I site in Central Kamchatka. The research was based on a newly identified series of artifacts of this type (n = 8), discovered during a revision of the archaeological collection. The analysis of the splintered pieces was conducted using technological, typological, and experimental traceologica…
Stone Ornaments within the Structure of the Habitation Area of Cultural Layer VII at the Ushki I Site, Kamchatka
Purpose . This article presents research results on the spatial aspects of human activities related to the making and use of stone personal ornaments in cultural layer VII at the Ushki I settlement in Kamchatka. Results . We have established that the entire production cycle for specific personal ornament types – primarily chlorite beads and pendants – occurred directly on site. The combination of raw materials, knapped products, blanks, semifinis…
Rocks and Their Sources in the Upper Paleolithic of the Altai: Relevance to Bifacial Technologies
On the basis of the analysis of thin leaf-shaped bifacial points, which are very elaborate and sensitive to the quality of rocks, we reconstruct the adaptive strategies of humans at the early stages of the Upper Paleolithic. Mineral raw materials and their exploitation relating to different resource bases of the central (the Ursul River basin) and northwestern (the Anuy River basin) parts of the Altai region are analyzed. To attribute the rock so…
Shell of Tritia nitida Sea Snail from a Neolithic Burial at the Ust-Aleyka-5 Flat Burial Ground, Barnaul Stretch of the Ob
We present the findings of a multidisciplinary study of burial 2 at Ust-Aleyka-5 on the Upper Ob. In 1982, an upright burial of a child with abundant funerary offerings (lithic artifacts, ornaments made of bones and teeth of mammals, shells of Unio bivalves) was unearthed. We focus on a find unique in the region—the shell of a sea snail Tritia nitida, a gastropod, which, at present, lives in the Mediterranean, Black, and Azov seas. The Raman spec…
Formation of Macro- and Micro Use-Wear Traces on Tools from Different Stone Raw Materials: Experiences from a Comparative Analysis
Purpose. The article is devoted to the study of the regularities of the formation of macro and micro use-wear traces on experimental tools made of high-quality stone raw materials from the Altai region.Results. The work is based on a comparative collection of samples (n = 109) obtained within the experimental modelling of different economic operations: scraping of fresh hides, planing, sawing and scraping of moistened bone and fresh wood with end…
Rocks and Their Sources in the Upper Paleolithic of the Altai: Relevance to Bifacial Technologies
В статье на основе анализа материала тонких листовидных бифасиальных наконечников — наиболее требовательных к качеству камня и сложных в исполнении изделий — реконструируются сырьевые и адаптационные стратегии, характерные для населения Алтая ранних этапов верхнего палеолита. Минеральное сырье и его использование анализируются с учетом условий разных ресурсных баз центральной (долина р. Урсул) и северо-западной (долина р. Ануй) частей региона. Дл…
Ceramics of the Old Bering Sea Culture from the Kozhevnikov Cliff Site (Cape Schmidt): Features of Pottery Technology
During the excavations of a dugout at the Kozhevnikov Cliff site (Cape Schmidt), N.N. Dikov obtained a collection of pottery vessels of the Old Bering Sea culture (fourteen specimens). The technology of ceramic production was analyzed using the methodology developed by A.A. Bobrinsky. It was determined that potters selected iron-rich clays of two subtypes, differing in the amount of natural sand content, for pottery production. Five recipes for t…
Results of Archaeological and Geophysical Monitoring of the Domashneye Ozero Site (Central Kamchatka) in 2024
The article provides results of the comprehensive archaeological and geophysical studies conducted in 2024 at the Domashneye Ozero site, a key site of the Tarya culture in the Kamchatka River valley. Based on aerial photography, tacheometric survey, and visual inspection data, a detailed topographic plan of the site covering an area of over 32,300 sq. m was created for the first time, revealing 11 dwelling depressions and 26 pits. Geophysical stu…
Results of Experimental Modelling of Upper Palaeolithic Technologies for the Production of Stone Ornaments
The article provides main results of the experimental modelling of the technologies for processing ornamental stones, which were widely used in the Upper Palaeolithic of the Altai Mountains. The operational sequence of stone pendants production reconstructed in experiments included several stages: knapping or cleaving of serpentine, talc, talcochlorite, calcite and selenite for the manufacture of initial blanks, obtaining preforms by abrasive pro…
Lamellar Helmet Plate from the Collection of the Museum of Local Lore in Magadan
The article presents the results of the analysis of an iron plate from the Magadan Regional Museum of Local Lore. The find is part of the burial inventory of a Koryak cremation site on the Kukvayam River (left tributary of the Paren River). We provide the main dimensions of the plate and describe its morphology and design specifics. The plate is dated to the mid-18th – early 19th century, the period comprises the early widespread use of iron amon…
Blade Component in the Archaeological Collection of the Domashneye Ozero Site (Central Kamchatka)
The article provides a comprehensive analysis of materials from the Domashneye Ozero site, which is a key site of the Late Neolithic Tarya culture in Kamchatka. Recent fieldwork has revealed a stratigraphically earlier Mesolithic complex with the characteristic blade technology, lying below the horizon of Tarya artefacts. Based on these data as well as the analysis of published and archival sources, a hypothesis was formulated about probable mixi…
Investigation of the Cultural Layer from the Ushki I Paleolithic Site Using Electrical Resistivity Tomography
The article provides geophysical studies using the electrical resistivity tomography method conducted during the 2024 field season at the stratified Paleolithic site Ushki I in Central Kamchatka. This method is based on measuring the electrical resistivity. It was applied at the site to determine the thickness of loose deposits, identify anthropogenic anomalies, and assess promising areas for future excavations. In previous years, during the rese…
Experimental Modelling of Grain Grinding Using Stone Percussion-Abrasive Tools
This study is aimed at experimental reconstruction of economic and domestic activities of the Middle and Upper Paleolithic population who lived in the Altai Mountains. At present, the Paleolithic tools designed for grinding plant materials are insufficiently studied at the sites in this region. Analyses of such artefact categories are either preliminary or lack a fundamental evidence base in the form of high-quality photographs with a magnificati…
Kuyacha – a New Late Upper Palaeolithic Site in the Peschanaya River Valley (Altai Mountains)
Purpose . The article is devoted to a comprehensive study of an informative find from the new Kuyacha site in the Peschanaya River valley in the northwestern part of the Altai Mountains, discovered during the survey of the channel alluvium of the left bank of the Kuyacha River in 2022. Results . The artefact under discussion is examined from the point of view of technological and geologicalmineralogical analysis, and its cultural and chronologica…
Early Upper Paleolithic Tubular Beads from the Main Chamber of Denisova Cave
The authors present the results of a technological and functional analysis of bone tubular beads from the Upper Paleolithic layer 11 in the Main Chamber of Denisova Cave, northwestern Altai. Tubular beads are among the most widespread categories of Early Upper Paleolithic ornaments from the cave. The technological sequence of operations has been reconstructed. It included several stages: selection of blank, planing, manufacture of preform by trun…
Pottery traditions of the Old Bering Sea Culture of the Chukchi Peninsula (based on materials from the Chini cemetery)
Here we present the results of the technical and technological analysis of pottery from one dugout (4 ves-sels) and 22 graves (23 vessels) of the Chini cemetery (Chukchi Peninsula). We found that potters of the Old Bering Sea Culture used mainly ferruginous, weakly sanded clay in the production of pottery. Two recipes for moulding clay were found in the dugout and five in the burial ground. The construction of the hollow body was made by patchwor…
The results of re-examination of the Neolithic materials from the Ak-Tangi site (northern Tajikistan)
The paper reports on the results of reinterpretation of the Neolithic complexes of Hissar I-IV of the Ak-Tangi site, a field study of which was carried out in the middle of the 20th century. At the time of its discovery, only the Hissar Neolithic Culture had been studied in the mountainous part of Central Asia, which the Ak-Tangi materials were attributed to. At the new stage of the research, a comprehensive analysis of the archival materials and…
Phenomenon of Early Upper Palaeolithic Bladelet Assemblages in the Altai Mountains
Purpose. The present study is devoted to the analysis, systematization, verification and generalization of data on "Aurignacian-like" bladelet assemblages of the Early Upper Palaeolithic of the Altai. In the regional context, this luminous phenomenon is considered the main component of the technocomplex of the Ust-Karakolian cultural tradition and even a cultural marker.Results. The study was based on the analysis of archaeological material from …
Initial Upper Palaeolithic ornaments and formal bone tools from the East Chamber of Denisova Cave in the Russian Altai
New investigations of the Epipalaeolithic in western Central Asia: Obishir-5
Intensive research on the Mesolithic of western Central Asia began in the mid twentieth century, when the discovery of key sites allowed for the formulation of the main regional cultural-chronological schemes (Figure 1
Chronology and Cultural Attribution of the Earliest Upper Palaeolithic Bone Needles of Siberia
The technologies of sewing complex forms of clothing with the use of awls, borers, and miniature eyed needles played an essential role in human adaptation to harsh environments of the Late Pleistocene Northern Eurasia. Classic eyed bone needles were widely distributed during the second half of MIS 3 from Western Europe to East Asia. Questions of where and when tools of this type, as well as other functionally related instruments, arise are the su…
Early Upper Paleolithic Serpentine Ornaments from Ust-Karakol, Northwestern Altai
We describe the spatial context, technology, and possible function of serpentine-antigorite artifacts discovered at the Ust-Karakol Early Upper Paleolithic site in the Altai Mountains. The ornaments were made locally, with a single manufacturing process. They were fragmented either at the preform stage or at the stage of final trimming. There are no use-wear traces. The chaine operatoire included the preparation of blanks, biconical drilling, and…
The Early Upper Palaeolithic bone industry of the Central Altai, Russia: New evidence from the Kara-Bom site
The first formal bone tool in the Central Altai of Russia was found in an Early Upper Palaeolithic assemblage at the Kara-Bom open-air site. Here the authors report the results of AMS dating, use-wear analysis, 3D-modelling and zooarchaeological and collagen fingerprinting analysis, which reveal important new insights into the osseous technology of the Kara-Bomian tradition
The Use of 3D-Modeling for Reconstructing the Appearance and Function of Non-Utilitarian Items (the Case of Anthropomorphic Figurines from Tourist-2)
This article presents the results of study of an Early Bronze ivory figurine from Tourist-2, using 3D-scanning with various technical parameters. The aim of the study was to test the new non-invasive methods of structured light 3D-scanning, with an accurate assessment of morphometric characteristics. In addition, use-wear analysis was employed to evaluate the previously unknown features relating to function. As a result, the original appearance o…
Personal Ornament Production Technology in the Early Holocene Complexes of Western Central Asia: Insights From Obishir-5
The stratifi ed site of Obishir-5 is one of the most important Final Pleistocene to Early Holocene sites in western Central Asia. In the Early Holocene component (10,700–8200 cal BP) of this site (layers 2 and 3), we discovered one of the oldest and largest assemblages of soft stone ornaments known from the region. It includes 5 items: three oval, sub-triangular, and sub-rectangular pendants, one“labret”-like ornament, and one ornament blank. All…
Kara-Bom: New investigations of a Palaeolithic site in the Gorny Altai, Russia
New archaeological investigations at the key Palaeolithic Russian site of Kara-Bom have further characterised its stratigraphy through analysis of the rich lithic complex recovered. This evidence both complements and supplements our understanding of central and northern Asian Initial Upper Palaeolithic populations
Rocks and Their Sources in the Upper Paleolithic of the Altai: Relevance to Bifacial Technologies
On the basis of the analysis of thin leaf-shaped bifacial points, which are very elaborate and sensitive to the quality of rocks, we reconstruct the adaptive strategies of humans at the early stages of the Upper Paleolithic. Mineral raw materials and their exploitation relating to different resource bases of the central (the Ursul River basin) and northwestern (the Anuy River basin) parts of the Altai region are analyzed. To attribute the rock so…
Archaeological and experimental studies of splintered pieces in the Central Asian Upper Paleolithic
The Ancient Cultures of the Extreme Northeast Asia and Ethnogenetic Reconstructions
ДРЕВНИЕ КУЛЬТУРЫ КРАЙНЕГО СЕВЕРО-ВОСТОКА АЗИИ И ЭТНОГЕНЕТИЧЕСКИЕ РЕКОНСТРУКЦИИВ статье рассматриваются особенности развития древних археологических культур крайнего Северо-Востока Азии в контексте реконструкции этногенетических процессов в позднем плейстоцене и голоцене.На основе исследований предыдущих лет и недавних открытий предлагается комплексный взгляд на проблемы этнической идентификации древних культур, реконструкции направлений миграций …
Formation of Macro- and Micro Use-Wear Traces on Tools from Different Stone Raw Materials: Experiences from a Comparative Analysis
Purpose. The article is devoted to the study of the regularities of the formation of macro and micro use-wear traces on experimental tools made of high-quality stone raw materials from the Altai region.Results. The work is based on a comparative collection of samples (n = 109) obtained within the experimental modelling of different economic operations: scraping of fresh hides, planing, sawing and scraping of moistened bone and fresh wood with end…
Percussive-Abrasive Stone Tools from Chagyrskaya Cave: Results of Functional Analysis
This article presents a comprehensive study of percussive-abrasive active stone tools from Chagyrskaya Cave, using experimental use-wear and statistical methods, supplemented by 3D-modeling. Experiments combined with use- wear analysis allowed us to determine the functions of these tools by comparing the working surfaces and use-wear traces in the Chagyrskaya samples with those in the reference samples. As a result, we identified 19 retouchers, f…
Population Affinities of the Ancient Northern Okhotsk People: Cranial Evidence from a Collective Burial in a Rock Niche on Cape Bratyev, the Northern Okhotsk Coast
This study reconstructs biological affinities in a cranial sample from a collective burial on Cape Bratyev in Babushkin Bay. The burial, found in a rock niche on the Okhotsk Coast, was excavated by S.P. Efimov in 1976 and tentatively attributed to the Old Koryak culture. The sample consists of 13 adult skulls of differing preservation—five male, five female, and three undeterminable. Genome-wide analysis was carried out at the Center for Geogenet…
Surungur - New Early Holocene Archaeological Site in Fergana Valley
The article presents the first results of a comprehensive study of the new archaeological site Surungur in the Fergana Valley. Interdisciplinary research was conducted in 2018-2019 by an international Russian-Kyrgyz expedition. The direct archeological work at the site was preceded by geophysical surveys, which helped to identify the most promising areas for future research. The archaeological excavations made it possible to identify a series of …
New investigations of the Epipalaeolithic in western Central Asia: Obishir-5
Intensive research on the Mesolithic of western Central Asia began in the mid twentieth century, when the discovery of key sites allowed for the formulation of the main regional cultural-chronological schemes (Figure 1
Analyses of the Holocene Deposits from Denisova Cave in 2018
A Palaeolithic Diadem From Denisova Cave
The Early Upper Palaeolithic Personal Ornaments from the Southern Chamber of Denisova Cave
The Middle and Upper Paleolithic Bone Tools from South Chamber of Denisova Cave
Excavations undertaken in the upper portion of the Pleistocene deposits from South Chamber of Denisova Cave yielded a set of bone tools in association with numerous stone artifacts. The Middle Palaeolithic layer 12 revealed bone retouchers and a retouched bone fragment. Along with lightly modified bone tools such as retouchers and retouched pieces, Layer 11 has yielded such stone tools as a point, a needle, a polisher and a tool blank, all attrib…
New Data on the Serpentine Personal Ornaments of the Early Upper Palaeolithic from Ust-Karakol Site
Recent Data on the Middle and Upper Palaeolithic Stone Tool Industries from the Southern Gallery at Denisova Cave
Personal Ornament Production Technology in the Early Holocene Complexes of Western Central Asia: Insights From Obishir-5
The stratifi ed site of Obishir-5 is one of the most important Final Pleistocene to Early Holocene sites in western Central Asia. In the Early Holocene component (10,700–8200 cal BP) of this site (layers 2 and 3), we discovered one of the oldest and largest assemblages of soft stone ornaments known from the region. It includes 5 items: three oval, sub-triangular, and sub-rectangular pendants, one“labret”-like ornament, and one ornament blank. All…
Silver Vessels of the Golden Horde Era From the Middle Ob Basin
This article addresses one of the most informative archaeological sources for reconstructing medieval history––imported silverware, which is abundant in northwestern Siberia. Based on three newly described silver vessels of the Golden Horde Age from the Saigatino I sanctuary in the Surgut region of the Ob basin, the possible attribution of these and similar specimens from Siberia and Ural is discussed. Locating the places where such items had bee…
Kara-Bom: New investigations of a Palaeolithic site in the Gorny Altai, Russia
New archaeological investigations at the key Palaeolithic Russian site of Kara-Bom have further characterised its stratigraphy through analysis of the rich lithic complex recovered. This evidence both complements and supplements our understanding of central and northern Asian Initial Upper Palaeolithic populations
The population history of northeastern Siberia since the Pleistocene
Field Research at the Olskaya Site (Northern Sea of Okhotsk Region) in 2019
Bone Tools and Personal Adornments of the Early Upper Paleolithic from the South Chamber of Denisova Cave (Collection of 2019)
Lithic Industries of the Middle and Upper Paleolithic from the South Chamber of Denisova Cave: Evidence of 2019
New Results of Research into the Tokarev Culture of Northern Sea of Okhotsk Region
Paleolithic Sculpture from Denisova Cave
Initial Upper Paleolithic Leaf-Shaped Biface from the Kara-Bom Site: Technology, Function, and Context
The Ancient Cultures of the Extreme Northeast Asia and Ethnogenetic Reconstructions
ДРЕВНИЕ КУЛЬТУРЫ КРАЙНЕГО СЕВЕРО-ВОСТОКА АЗИИ И ЭТНОГЕНЕТИЧЕСКИЕ РЕКОНСТРУКЦИИВ статье рассматриваются особенности развития древних археологических культур крайнего Северо-Востока Азии в контексте реконструкции этногенетических процессов в позднем плейстоцене и голоцене.На основе исследований предыдущих лет и недавних открытий предлагается комплексный взгляд на проблемы этнической идентификации древних культур, реконструкции направлений миграций …
Early Upper Paleolithic Serpentine Ornaments from Ust-Karakol, Northwestern Altai
Украшения из серпентина ранней стадии верхнего палеолита со стоянки Усть-Каракол (Северо-Западный Алтай) DOI: 10.17746/1563-0102.2020.48.1.003-015 А.Ю. Федорченко, Н.Е. Белоусова, Н.А. Кулик, М.В. Шуньков Институт археологии и этнографии СО РАН пр. Академика Лаврентьева, 17, Новосибирск, 630090, Россия В статье представлены результаты исследования планиграфического и стратиграфического контекста, технологии производства и функций изделий из серпе…
Techniques for Processing Lithic Material during Epipalaeolithic in the Eastern Elbrus Region (On Materials of the Naves Badynoko Site)
Purpose. The rock shelter Badynoko site is one of the key archaeological sites of the Eastern Elbrus region, which contains stratified archaeological complexes of the Final Pleistocene and Early Holocene. Stone industries at this site are the most important evidence for studying the cultural dynamics, economic and technological transformations that took place during the Epipalaeolithic time in Northern Caucasus. We aimed at conducting technologic…
Early occupation of High Asia: New insights from the ornaments of the Oshhona site in the Pamir mountains
Initial Upper Palaeolithic ornaments and formal bone tools from the East Chamber of Denisova Cave in the Russian Altai
The Use of 3D-Modeling for Reconstructing the Appearance and Function of Non-Utilitarian Items (the Case of Anthropomorphic Figurines from Tourist-2)
This article presents the results of study of an Early Bronze ivory figurine from Tourist-2, using 3D-scanning with various technical parameters. The aim of the study was to test the new non-invasive methods of structured light 3D-scanning, with an accurate assessment of morphometric characteristics. In addition, use-wear analysis was employed to evaluate the previously unknown features relating to function. As a result, the original appearance o…
Early Upper Paleolithic Serpentine Ornaments from Ust-Karakol, Northwestern Altai
We describe the spatial context, technology, and possible function of serpentine-antigorite artifacts discovered at the Ust-Karakol Early Upper Paleolithic site in the Altai Mountains. The ornaments were made locally, with a single manufacturing process. They were fragmented either at the preform stage or at the stage of final trimming. There are no use-wear traces. The chaine operatoire included the preparation of blanks, biconical drilling, and…
Portrait” Medallions from the Kazym Hoard
We describe so-called portrait medallions and plaques with similar representations from a hoard found near Kyzym, the Beloyarsky District of the Khanty-Mansi Autonomous Okrug-Yugra in the summer of 20I4. We introduce I7 artifacts cast of bronze and differing in shape and technological level. These fall into two groups in terms of quality. The principal questions addressed in the article are where, by whom, and based on which prototypes the Kazym …
Archaeology (59 works) · Geography (58 works) · Geology (48 works) · Pleistocene-Era Hominins and Archaeology (44 works) · Archaeology and ancient environmental studies (37 works) · Upper Paleolithic (21 works) · Marine and environmental studies (18 works) · Cave (16 works) · Paleontology (16 works) · Ancient and Medieval Archaeology Studies (13 works)