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Melanie Soderstrom

Biographic Data

ID827267
NAMEMelanie Soderstrom
GIVEN NAMESMelanie
FAMILY NAMESoderstrom
SIGNATURESODERSTROM M
AFFILIATIONSUniversity of Manitoba
ORCID0000-0003-3212-5775
VERIFIEDYes
TOTAL WORKS34
TOTAL CITATIONS2
AUTHOR COUNT34
EDITOR COUNT0
FIRST PUBLICATION YEAR2007
LATEST PUBLICATION YEAR2026
H-INDEX1
  • Cross-Linguistic and Socioeconomic Differences in the Use of Variation Sets in Children’s Communicative Environments

    Open Access•Celia Renata Rosemberg, Florencia Alam et al.•ARTICLE•Journal of Child Language•2026

    This study examines variation sets (VS) – structured repetitions of words in different morphosyntactic contexts – in child-directed speech (CDS) compared to adult-directed speech (ADS) across two communities (Argentinian Spanish and North American English) and socioeconomic groups. Drawing on naturalistic recordings from 101 families, results show that VS are more frequent in CDS than in ADS. In Argentinian Spanish, they are more prevalent in mid…

  • Impact of maternal depression on emotional development and communication from infancy to preschool years

    Open Access•Megan E Gornik, Isabelle M Hadley et al.•ARTICLE•Developmental Review•2026

  • Testing the relationship between preferences for infant-directed speech and vocabulary development: A multi-lab study

    Open Access•Melanie Soderstrom, Joscelin Rocha‐hidalgo et al.•ARTICLE•Journal of Child Language•2025

    From early on, infants show a preference for infant-directed speech (IDS) over adult-directed speech (ADS), and exposure to IDS has been correlated with language outcome measures such as vocabulary. The present multi-laboratory study explores this issue by investigating whether there is a link between early preference for IDS and later vocabulary size. Infants’ preference for IDS was tested as part of the ManyBabies 1 project, and follow-up CDI d…

  • A cross-linguistic examination of young children’s everyday language experiences

    Open Access•John Bunce, Melanie Soderstrom et al.•ARTICLE•Journal of Child Language•2025

    We present an exploratory cross-linguistic analysis of the quantity of target-child-directed speech and adult-directed speech in North American English (US & Canadian), United Kingdom English, Argentinian Spanish, Tseltal (Tenejapa, Mayan), and Yélî Dnye (Rossel Island, Papuan), using annotations from 69 children aged 2–36 months. Using a novel methodological approach, our cross-linguistic and cross-cultural findings support prior work suggesting…

  • Evidence for Infant-directed Speech Preference Is Consistent Across Large-scale, Multi-site Replication and Meta-analysis

    Open Access•Martin Zettersten, Cameron Cox et al.•ARTICLE•Open MIND•2024

    There is substantial evidence that infants prefer infant-directed speech (IDS) to adult-directed speech (ADS). The strongest evidence for this claim has come from two large-scale investigations: i) a community-augmented meta-analysis of published behavioral studies and ii) a large-scale multi-lab replication study. In this paper, we aim to improve our understanding of the IDS preference and its boundary conditions by combining and comparing these…

  • Establishing the reliability of metrics extracted from long-form recordings using Lena and the Aclew pipeline

    Open Access•Alejandrina Cristia, Lucas Gautheron et al.•ARTICLE•Behavior Research Methods•2024

    Long-form audio recordings are increasingly used to study individual variation, group differences, and many other topics in theoretical and applied fields of developmental science, particularly for the description of children's language input (typically speech from adults) and children's language output (ranging from babble to sentences). The proprietary LENA software has been available for over a decade, and with it, users have come to rely on d…

  • Comparing apples to manzanas and oranges to naranjas: A new measure of English‐Spanish vocabulary for dual language learners

    Open Access•Catherine S Tamis‐lemonda, George Kachergis et al.•ARTICLE•Infancy•2024

    The valid assessment of vocabulary development in dual‐language‐learning infants is critical to developmental science. We developed the Dual Language Learners English‐Spanish (DLL‐ES) Inventories to measure vocabularies of U.S. English‐Spanish DLLs. The inventories provide translation equivalents for all Spanish and English items on Communicative Development Inventory (CDI) short forms; extended inventories based on CDI long forms; and Spanish la…

  • A unified approach to demographic data collection for research with young children across diverse cultures

    Open Access•Lachham Singh, Mihaela D Barokova et al.•ARTICLE•Developmental Psychology•2024•Cited by: 2•References: 20

    Culture is a key determinant of children's development both in its own right and as a measure of generalizability of developmental phenomena. Studying the role of culture in development requires information about participants' demographic backgrounds. However, both reporting and treatment of demographic data are limited and inconsistent in child development research. A barrier to reporting demographic data in a consistent fashion is that no stand…

  • Family Factors Associated with Hands-On Play and Screen Time During the Covid-19 Pandemic

    Open Access•Shaelyn Stienwandt, Emily E Cameron et al.•ARTICLE•Child & Youth Care Forum•2022

  • Everyday language input and production in 1001 children from 6 continents

    Elika Bergelson, Melanie Soderstrom et al.•PREPRINT•2022

    Language is a universal human ability, acquired readily by young children who otherwise struggle with many basics of survival1,2. And yet, language is variable across individuals. Behavioral and experimental observations suggest that children’s linguistic skills vary with factors like socioeconomic status3, children’s gender4, and multilingualism5. But which factors really influence children’s day-to-day language use? Here we leverage speech tech…

  • Building Emotional Awareness and Mental Health (Beam): A Pilot Randomized Controlled Trial of an App-Based Program for Mothers of Toddlers

    Open Access•Anna L MacKinnon, Kaeley M Simpson et al.•ARTICLE•Frontiers in Psychiatry•2022

    [www.ClinicalTrials.gov], identifier [NCT04772677]

  • Analysis of children’s everyday language experiences using longform audio: Promises and pitfalls ( Análisis de las experiencias lingüísticas cotidianas de niños y niñas utilizando audio de formato lar…

    Melanie Soderstrom•ARTICLE•Journal for the Study of…•2021

    Emerging audio technologies over the last decade have provided a new, unprecedented window into the everyday lives of infants and young children. These new approaches will allow us to begin to address longstanding questions about the nature of language experiences across languages, communities and situations and the role of these experiences in language development across contexts. Here, I discuss the primary technology, LENA®, as well as more re…

  • A Multilab Study of Bilingual Infants: Exploring the Preference for Infant-Directed Speech

    Open Access•Krista Byers-Heinlein, Angeline Sin Mei Tsui et al.•ARTICLE•Advances in Methods and Practices…•2021

    From the earliest months of life, infants prefer listening to and learn better from infant-directed speech (IDS) than adult-directed speech (ADS). Yet, IDS differs within communities, across languages, and across cultures, both in form and in prevalence. This large-scale, multi-site study used the diversity of bilingual infant experiences to explore the impact of different types of linguistic experience on infants' IDS preference. As part of the …

  • The development of gaze following in monolingual and bilingual infants: A multi‐laboratory study

    Open Access•Krista Byers-Heinlein, Rachel Ka Ying Tsui et al.•ARTICLE•Infancy•2021

    Determining the meanings of words requires language learners to attend to what other people say. However, it behooves a young language learner to simultaneously encode relevant non‐verbal cues, for example, by following the direction of their eye gaze. Sensitivity to cues such as eye gaze might be particularly important for bilingual infants, as they encounter less consistency between words and objects than monolingual infants, and do not always …

  • Prosody in Infant- and Child-Directed Speech

    Melanie Soderstrom, Heather Bortfeld et al.•CHAPTER•Oxford Handbook of Language Prosody•2020

    This chapter covers theoretical frameworks and experimental findings showing that young infants are sensitive to language prosody prenatally and can use it to learn about the lexical and morphosyntactic features of their native language(s). Specifically, the chapter first summarizes how prosody relates to the lexicon and the grammar in different languages. It then reviews empirical evidence about prosodic perception in infants. Subsequently, it s…

  • Perception of sibilant–liquid phonotactic frequency in full-term and preterm infants

    Open Access•Brenna Henrikson, Amanda Seidl et al.•ARTICLE•Journal of Child Language•2020

    We examined full-term and preterm infants’ perception of frequent and infrequent phonotactic pairings involving sibilants and liquids. Infants were tested on their preference for syllables with onsets involving /s/ or /ʃ/ followed by /l/ or /r/ using the Headturn Preference Procedure. Full-term infants preferred the frequent to the infrequent phonotactic pairings at 9 months, but not at either younger or older ages. Evidence was inconclusive rega…

  • A multi-lab study of bilingual infants: Exploring the preference for infant-directed speech

    Krista Byers-Heinlein, Angeline Tsui et al.•PREPRINT•2020

    From the earliest months of life, infants prefer listening to and learn better from infant-directed speech (IDS) than adult-directed speech (ADS). Yet, IDS differs within communities, across languages, and across cultures, both in form and in prevalence. This large-scale, multi-site study used the diversity of bilingual infant experiences to explore the impact of different types of linguistic experience on infants’ IDS preference. As part of the …

  • Quantifying Sources of Variability in Infancy Research Using the Infant-Directed-Speech Preference

    Open Access•Michael C Frank, Katie Alcock et al.•ARTICLE•Advances in Methods and Practices…•2020

    Psychological scientists have become increasingly concerned with issues related to methodology and replicability, and infancy researchers in particular face specific challenges related to replicability: For example, high-powered studies are difficult to conduct, testing conditions vary across labs, and different labs have access to different infant populations. Addressing these concerns, we report on a large-scale, multisite study aimed at (a) as…

  • A thorough evaluation of the Language Environment Analysis (Lena) system

    Open Access•Alejandrina Cristia, Marvin Lavechin et al.•ARTICLE•Behavior Research Methods•2020

  • Longform recordings of everyday life: Ethics for best practices

    Open Access•Margaret Cychosz, Rachel Romeo et al.•ARTICLE•Behavior Research Methods•2020

  • Automatic word count estimation from daylong child-centered recordings in various language environments using language-independent syllabification of speech

    Okko Räsänen, Shreyas Seshadri et al.•PREPRINT•2019

    Automatic word count estimation (WCE) from audio recordings can be used to quantify the amount of verbal communication in a recording environment. One key application of WCE is to measure language input heard by infants and toddlers in their natural environments, as captured by daylong recordings from microphones worn by the infants. Although WCE is nearly trivial for high-quality signals in high-resource languages, daylong recordings are substan…

  • A thorough evaluation of the Language Environment Analysis (Lenatm) system

    Alejandrina Cristia, Marvin Lavechin et al.•PREPRINT•2019

    In the previous decade, dozens of studies involving thousands of children across several research disciplines have made use of a combined daylong audio-recorder and automated algorithmic analysis called the LENA^®^ system, which aims to assess children's language environment. While the system's prevalence in the language acquisition domain is steadily growing, there are only scattered validation efforts, on only some of its key characteristics. H…

  • Segmentability Differences Between Child-Directed and Adult-Directed Speech: A Systematic Test With an Ecologically Valid Corpus

    Open Access•Alejandrina Cristia, Emmanuel Dupoux et al.•ARTICLE•Open MIND•2019

    Previous computational modeling suggests it is much easier to segment words from child-directed speech (CDS) than adult-directed speech (ADS). However, this conclusion is based on data collected in the laboratory, with CDS from play sessions and ADS between a parent and an experimenter, which may not be representative of ecologically collected CDS and ADS. Fully naturalistic ADS and CDS collected with a nonintrusive recording device as the child …

  • Was that my name? Infants’ listening in conversational multi-talker backgrounds

    Open Access•Dana E BERNIER, Melanie Soderstrom•ARTICLE•Journal of Child Language•2018

    This study tested infants’ ability to segregate target speech from a background of ecologically valid multi-talker speech at a 10 dB SNR. Using the Headturn Preference Procedure, 72 English-learning 5-, 9-, and 12-month-old monolinguals were tested on their ability to detect and perceive their own name. At all three ages infants were able to detect the presence of the target speech, but only at 9 months did they show sensitivity to the phonetic d…

  • Influences of number of adults and adult: Child ratios on the quantity of adult language input across childcare settings

    Open Access•Melanie Soderstrom, Elizabeth Grauer et al.•ARTICLE•First Language•2018

    New approaches to examining the language environment are putting greater emphasis on the use of highly naturalistic audio recordings and questions about cross-cultural differences in children’s real-world language experiences. These new approaches and questions require careful examination of different kinds of variables that may influence children’s language experiences. The current study examines the influence of the number of adults and adult:c…

Next
  • A unified approach to demographic data collection for research with young children across diverse cultures

    Open Access•Lachham Singh, Mihaela D Barokova et al.•ARTICLE•Developmental Psychology•2024•Cited by: 2•References: 20

    Culture is a key determinant of children's development both in its own right and as a measure of generalizability of developmental phenomena. Studying the role of culture in development requires information about participants' demographic backgrounds. However, both reporting and treatment of demographic data are limited and inconsistent in child development research. A barrier to reporting demographic data in a consistent fashion is that no stand…

  • Beyond babytalk: Re-evaluating the nature and content of speech input to preverbal infants

    Open Access•Melanie Soderstrom•ARTICLE•Developmental Review•2007

  • Receptive Grammatical Knowledge of Familiar Content Words and Inflection in 16‐Month‐Olds

    Open Access•Melanie Soderstrom, Katherine S White et al.•ARTICLE•Infancy•2007

    This study examines 16‐month‐olds' understanding of word order and inflectional properties of familiar nouns and verbs. Infants preferred grammatical sentences over ungrammatical sentences when the ungrammaticality was cued by both misplaced inflection and word order reversal of nouns and verbs. Infants were also sensitive to inflection alone as a cue to grammaticality, but not word order alone. The preference for grammatical sentence forms was a…

  • Early perception–late comprehension of grammar? The case of verbal - s: A response to de Villiers & Johnson (2007)

    Open Access•Melanie Soderstrom•ARTICLE•Journal of Child Language•2008

    Two recent papers (de Villiers & Johnson, 2007; Johnson, de Villiers & Seymour, 2005) have claimed that children have difficulty with verbal - s until five–six-years-old. This contrasts with perceptual studies showing evidence for sensitivity to the grammatical properties of verbal - s as young as 1; 4. These apparently conflicting findings can be reconciled by differentiating between early perceptual grammatical knowledge and later semantic comp…

  • Acoustical cues and grammatical units in speech to two preverbal infants

    Open Access•Melanie Soderstrom, MEGAN BLOSSOM et al.•ARTICLE•Journal of Child Language•2008

    The current study examines the syntactic and prosodic characteristics of the maternal speech to two infants between six and ten months. Consistent with previous work, we find infant-directed speech to be characterized by generally short utterances, isolated words and phrases, and large numbers of questions, but longer utterances are also found. Prosodic information provides cues to grammatical units not only at utterance boundaries, but also at u…

  • When Do Caregivers Talk? The Influences of Activity and Time of Day on Caregiver Speech and Child Vocalizations in Two Childcare Environments

    Open Access•Melanie Soderstrom, Kelsey Wittebolle et al.•ARTICLE•PLoS ONE•2013

    The importance of the language environment in influencing language outcomes is well known, but few studies have addressed the contextual factors that influence the amount of speech heard and vocalizations produced by a young child under naturalistic conditions. We analyze effects of type of activity engaged in by the child and time of day on quantitative measures of the language environment. We found effects of both activity and time of day. Stru…

  • All hands on deck: In defense of the prosodic bootstrapping hypothesis and multiple theoretical approaches (Commentary on Ambridge, Pine, and Lieven)

    Open Access•Melanie Soderstrom•ARTICLE•Language•2014

    Two weaknesses of Ambridge, Pine, and Lieven's (AP&L) argument against Universal Grammar are discussed in this commentary. First, their article treats the prosodic bootstrapping hypothesis (PBH) as a nativist theory, but PBH is entirely neutral with respect to the nativism-empiricism debate. Additional discussion of the plausibility of PBH is presented. Second, the rigor that AP&L direct toward nativist ideas must also be directed at empiricist c…

  • (Baby)Talk to Me: The Social Context of Infant-Directed Speech and Its Effects on Early Language Acquisition

    Open Access•Roberta Michnick Golinkoff, DILARA DENIZ CAN et al.•ARTICLE•Current Directions in Psychological…•2015

    Since the mid-20th century, scientists have observed unique features in speech, facial expression, and content directed to infants and toddlers in comparison to speech directed to adults. Whereas much research has studied the characteristics of so-called infant-directed speech and speculated about its significance for language learning, research directly testing these ideas has been more limited until recently. Studies now suggest that infant-dir…

  • Entrainment of prosody in the interaction of mothers with their young children

    Open Access•Eon‐suk Ko, Amanda Seidl et al.•ARTICLE•Journal of Child Language•2016

    Caregiver speech is not a static collection of utterances, but occurs in conversational exchanges , in which caregiver and child dynamically influence each other's speech. We investigate (a) whether children and caregivers modulate the prosody of their speech as a function of their interlocutor's speech, and (b) the influence of the initiator of the conversation on durational characteristics of the exchange. We analyzed naturalistic conversations…

  • A Collaborative Approach to Infant Research: Promoting Reproducibility, Best Practices, and Theory‐Building

    Open Access•Michael C Frank, Elika Bergelson et al.•ARTICLE•Infancy•2017

    The ideal of scientific progress is that we accumulate measurements and integrate these into theory, but recent discussion of replicability issues has cast doubt on whether psychological research conforms to this model. Developmental research—especially with infant participants—also has discipline‐specific replicability challenges, including small samples and limited measurement methods. Inspired by collaborative replication efforts in cognitive …

  • Was that my name? Infants’ listening in conversational multi-talker backgrounds

    Open Access•Dana E BERNIER, Melanie Soderstrom•ARTICLE•Journal of Child Language•2018

    This study tested infants’ ability to segregate target speech from a background of ecologically valid multi-talker speech at a 10 dB SNR. Using the Headturn Preference Procedure, 72 English-learning 5-, 9-, and 12-month-old monolinguals were tested on their ability to detect and perceive their own name. At all three ages infants were able to detect the presence of the target speech, but only at 9 months did they show sensitivity to the phonetic d…

  • Influences of number of adults and adult: Child ratios on the quantity of adult language input across childcare settings

    Open Access•Melanie Soderstrom, Elizabeth Grauer et al.•ARTICLE•First Language•2018

    New approaches to examining the language environment are putting greater emphasis on the use of highly naturalistic audio recordings and questions about cross-cultural differences in children’s real-world language experiences. These new approaches and questions require careful examination of different kinds of variables that may influence children’s language experiences. The current study examines the influence of the number of adults and adult:c…

  • Automatic word count estimation from daylong child-centered recordings in various language environments using language-independent syllabification of speech

    Okko Räsänen, Shreyas Seshadri et al.•PREPRINT•2019

    Automatic word count estimation (WCE) from audio recordings can be used to quantify the amount of verbal communication in a recording environment. One key application of WCE is to measure language input heard by infants and toddlers in their natural environments, as captured by daylong recordings from microphones worn by the infants. Although WCE is nearly trivial for high-quality signals in high-resource languages, daylong recordings are substan…

  • A thorough evaluation of the Language Environment Analysis (Lenatm) system

    Alejandrina Cristia, Marvin Lavechin et al.•PREPRINT•2019

    In the previous decade, dozens of studies involving thousands of children across several research disciplines have made use of a combined daylong audio-recorder and automated algorithmic analysis called the LENA^®^ system, which aims to assess children's language environment. While the system's prevalence in the language acquisition domain is steadily growing, there are only scattered validation efforts, on only some of its key characteristics. H…

  • Segmentability Differences Between Child-Directed and Adult-Directed Speech: A Systematic Test With an Ecologically Valid Corpus

    Open Access•Alejandrina Cristia, Emmanuel Dupoux et al.•ARTICLE•Open MIND•2019

    Previous computational modeling suggests it is much easier to segment words from child-directed speech (CDS) than adult-directed speech (ADS). However, this conclusion is based on data collected in the laboratory, with CDS from play sessions and ADS between a parent and an experimenter, which may not be representative of ecologically collected CDS and ADS. Fully naturalistic ADS and CDS collected with a nonintrusive recording device as the child …

  • Prosody in Infant- and Child-Directed Speech

    Melanie Soderstrom, Heather Bortfeld et al.•CHAPTER•Oxford Handbook of Language Prosody•2020

    This chapter covers theoretical frameworks and experimental findings showing that young infants are sensitive to language prosody prenatally and can use it to learn about the lexical and morphosyntactic features of their native language(s). Specifically, the chapter first summarizes how prosody relates to the lexicon and the grammar in different languages. It then reviews empirical evidence about prosodic perception in infants. Subsequently, it s…

  • Perception of sibilant–liquid phonotactic frequency in full-term and preterm infants

    Open Access•Brenna Henrikson, Amanda Seidl et al.•ARTICLE•Journal of Child Language•2020

    We examined full-term and preterm infants’ perception of frequent and infrequent phonotactic pairings involving sibilants and liquids. Infants were tested on their preference for syllables with onsets involving /s/ or /ʃ/ followed by /l/ or /r/ using the Headturn Preference Procedure. Full-term infants preferred the frequent to the infrequent phonotactic pairings at 9 months, but not at either younger or older ages. Evidence was inconclusive rega…

  • A multi-lab study of bilingual infants: Exploring the preference for infant-directed speech

    Krista Byers-Heinlein, Angeline Tsui et al.•PREPRINT•2020

    From the earliest months of life, infants prefer listening to and learn better from infant-directed speech (IDS) than adult-directed speech (ADS). Yet, IDS differs within communities, across languages, and across cultures, both in form and in prevalence. This large-scale, multi-site study used the diversity of bilingual infant experiences to explore the impact of different types of linguistic experience on infants’ IDS preference. As part of the …

  • Quantifying Sources of Variability in Infancy Research Using the Infant-Directed-Speech Preference

    Open Access•Michael C Frank, Katie Alcock et al.•ARTICLE•Advances in Methods and Practices…•2020

    Psychological scientists have become increasingly concerned with issues related to methodology and replicability, and infancy researchers in particular face specific challenges related to replicability: For example, high-powered studies are difficult to conduct, testing conditions vary across labs, and different labs have access to different infant populations. Addressing these concerns, we report on a large-scale, multisite study aimed at (a) as…

  • A thorough evaluation of the Language Environment Analysis (Lena) system

    Open Access•Alejandrina Cristia, Marvin Lavechin et al.•ARTICLE•Behavior Research Methods•2020

  • Longform recordings of everyday life: Ethics for best practices

    Open Access•Margaret Cychosz, Rachel Romeo et al.•ARTICLE•Behavior Research Methods•2020

  • Analysis of children’s everyday language experiences using longform audio: Promises and pitfalls ( Análisis de las experiencias lingüísticas cotidianas de niños y niñas utilizando audio de formato lar…

    Melanie Soderstrom•ARTICLE•Journal for the Study of…•2021

    Emerging audio technologies over the last decade have provided a new, unprecedented window into the everyday lives of infants and young children. These new approaches will allow us to begin to address longstanding questions about the nature of language experiences across languages, communities and situations and the role of these experiences in language development across contexts. Here, I discuss the primary technology, LENA®, as well as more re…

  • A Multilab Study of Bilingual Infants: Exploring the Preference for Infant-Directed Speech

    Open Access•Krista Byers-Heinlein, Angeline Sin Mei Tsui et al.•ARTICLE•Advances in Methods and Practices…•2021

    From the earliest months of life, infants prefer listening to and learn better from infant-directed speech (IDS) than adult-directed speech (ADS). Yet, IDS differs within communities, across languages, and across cultures, both in form and in prevalence. This large-scale, multi-site study used the diversity of bilingual infant experiences to explore the impact of different types of linguistic experience on infants' IDS preference. As part of the …

  • The development of gaze following in monolingual and bilingual infants: A multi‐laboratory study

    Open Access•Krista Byers-Heinlein, Rachel Ka Ying Tsui et al.•ARTICLE•Infancy•2021

    Determining the meanings of words requires language learners to attend to what other people say. However, it behooves a young language learner to simultaneously encode relevant non‐verbal cues, for example, by following the direction of their eye gaze. Sensitivity to cues such as eye gaze might be particularly important for bilingual infants, as they encounter less consistency between words and objects than monolingual infants, and do not always …

  • Family Factors Associated with Hands-On Play and Screen Time During the Covid-19 Pandemic

    Open Access•Shaelyn Stienwandt, Emily E Cameron et al.•ARTICLE•Child & Youth Care Forum•2022

  • Everyday language input and production in 1001 children from 6 continents

    Elika Bergelson, Melanie Soderstrom et al.•PREPRINT•2022

    Language is a universal human ability, acquired readily by young children who otherwise struggle with many basics of survival1,2. And yet, language is variable across individuals. Behavioral and experimental observations suggest that children’s linguistic skills vary with factors like socioeconomic status3, children’s gender4, and multilingualism5. But which factors really influence children’s day-to-day language use? Here we leverage speech tech…

Psychology (31 works) · Language Development and Disorders (27 works) · Developmental psychology (18 works) · Linguistics (17 works) · Computer Science (14 works) · Phonetics and Phonology Research (9 works) · Reading and Literacy Development (9 works) · Child and Animal Learning Development (8 works) · Cognitive psychology (8 works) · Artificial Intelligence (7 works)

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