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Lee Bridges

Biographic Data

ID84054
NAMELee Bridges
GIVEN NAMESLee
FAMILY NAMEBridges
SIGNATUREBRIDGES L
AFFILIATIONSUniversity of Birmingham
ORCID0000-0003-1840-2940
VERIFIEDYes
TOTAL WORKS21
TOTAL CITATIONS48
AUTHOR COUNT21
EDITOR COUNT0
FIRST PUBLICATION YEAR1973
LATEST PUBLICATION YEAR2017
H-INDEX4
  • Lammy Review: Will it change outcomes in the criminal justice system

    Open Access•Lee Bridges•ARTICLE•Race & Class•2017•Cited by: 3•References: 1

    A forensic analysis from a criminal justice expert on the weaknesses in the findings and recommendations of the Lammy Review into Black, Asian and Minority Ethnic disproportionality in the UK’s criminal justice system. It comments on the remit (which excludes policing), the lack of real action over police gang databases and the joint enterprise ‘charge’, the inadequate understanding of plea bargaining and influence of charging, the need for a dee…

  • The case against joint enterprise

    Open Access•Lee Bridges•ARTICLE•Race & Class•2013•References: 1

    This article examines the need to reform the UK law of joint enterprise, the scope of which has been expanded over recent years through judicial case law. It describes how joint enterprise has become a specific weapon used by the police and the courts to target both political protest and 'gang' violence, in particular in black and working-class communities. The main evidence and recommendations of the House of Commons Justice Committee inquiry in…

  • Four days in August: The UK riots

    Open Access•Lee Bridges•ARTICLE•Race & Class•2012•Cited by: 10•References: 1

    In August 2011, England experienced widespread public disorders in sixty-six locations following a protest at the shooting dead of a black man in north London by the police. The author examines, inter alia, reports from the Metropolitan Police Service, academics Steve Reicher and Cliff Stott, Tottenham MP David Lammy, the Guardian/London School of Economics, Her Majesty's Inspectorate of Constabulary and the Ministry of Justice to analyse the rio…

  • Race, Law and the State

    Open Access•Lee Bridges•ARTICLE•Race & Class•2001•Cited by: 5

    Cet article s'interesse aux consequences parlementaires et gouvernemetales du rapport MacPherson, impliquant les pratiques discriminatoires policieres. Si la promulgation du Race Relations Amendement Act est effective, celui-ci ne guarantit pas pour autant l'egalite devant la loi et le systeme judiciaire britannique de la communaute noire de ce pays

  • The Lawrence Inquiry – Incompetence, Corruption, and Institutional Racism

    Open Access•Lee Bridges•ARTICLE•Journal of Law and Society•1999•Cited by: 5

    The inquiry into the murder of black teenager Stephen Lawrence in South London in 1993, which reported earlier this year, documents a catalogue of police incompetence and ‘institutional racism’. The report also puts forward a number of far‐reaching recommendations, echoing long‐standing demands by the black community, for the reform of policing in Britain. Yet, in its approach to ‘institutional racism’, the report can be seen to have downplayed t…

  • Race and social policy: Sivanandan's 'grounded theory

    Open Access•Lee Bridges•ARTICLE•Race & Class•1999

  • Normalizing Injustice: The Royal Commission on Criminal Justice

    Lee Bridges•ARTICLE•Journal of Law and Society•1994

    The report of the Royal Commission on Criminal Justice (Runciman Commission) is a sham. It is a document that is slip-shod in its use of empirical evidence, slippery in its argumentation, and shameful in its underlying political purposes. The Runciman Commission was established in 1991 as a direct response to the release by the Court of Appeal of the Guildford Four and the Birmingham Six from long terms of false imprisonment, following the overtu…

  • Keeping Faith With Their Own Convictions: The Royal Commission on Criminal Justice

    Open Access•Lee Bridges, Mike Mcconville•ARTICLE•Modern Law Review•1994•Cited by: 1

  • A Brief Rejoinder to Michael Zander

    Open Access•Lee Bridges, Mike Mcconville•ARTICLE•Modern Law Review•1994•Cited by: 1

  • Tory education: Exclusion and the Black Child

    Open Access•Lee Bridges•ARTICLE•Race & Class•1994•Cited by: 1

    Le milieu scolaire a ete l'un des plus touche par l'ideologie politique anti-sociale de M. Thatcher. Les reformes mises en place visaient a detruire la philosophie de l'ancien systeme basee sur le choix et la diversite. L'A. decrit les evolutions du systeme educatif sous les diverses impulsions politiques

  • The Racial Harassment Bill: A Missed Opportunity

    Open Access•Lee Bridges•ARTICLE•Race & Class•1993

  • UK commentary: Racism and the crisis in public housing

    Open Access•Lee Bridges•ARTICLE•Race & Class•1989

    After years of government-inspired political attacks, and government- imposed financial cuts on local authority housing - including much publicised 'right-to-buy' initiatives, prohibitions on using even money from sales for improving housing, and the selling off (by Conservative boroughs) of whole estates over tenants' heads - the quality and availability of public housing has deteriorated starkly. Black protest over the scarcity of public housin…

  • Poetry

    Lee Bridges•ARTICLE•The Black Scholar•1988

  • UK commentary: Beyond accountability: Labour and policing after the 1985 rebellions

    Open Access•Lee Bridges•ARTICLE•Race & Class•1986

  • Victims, the 'urban jungle' and the new racism

    Open Access•Lee Bridges, Liz Fekete•ARTICLE•Race & Class•1985•Cited by: 5

  • Britain's New Urban Policing Strategy: The Police and Criminal Evidence Bill in Context

    Lee Bridges, Tony Bunyan•ARTICLE•Journal of Law and Society•1983•Cited by: 4

  • Policing the urban wasteland

    Open Access•Lee Bridges•ARTICLE•Race & Class•1983•Cited by: 4

  • Keeping the lid on: British urban social policy, 1975-81

    Open Access•Lee Bridges•ARTICLE•Race & Class•1981•Cited by: 3

  • Legality and Immigration Control

    Lee Bridges•ARTICLE•British Journal of Law and Society•1975

  • The Ministry of Internal Security: British Urban Social Policy 1968-74

    Open Access•Lee Bridges•ARTICLE•Race & Class•1975•Cited by: 4

  • Race Relations Research: From Colonialism to Neo-Colonialism? Some Random Thoughts

    Open Access•Lee Bridges•ARTICLE•Race•1973•Cited by: 2•References: 2

  • Four days in August: The UK riots

    Open Access•Lee Bridges•ARTICLE•Race & Class•2012•Cited by: 10•References: 1

    In August 2011, England experienced widespread public disorders in sixty-six locations following a protest at the shooting dead of a black man in north London by the police. The author examines, inter alia, reports from the Metropolitan Police Service, academics Steve Reicher and Cliff Stott, Tottenham MP David Lammy, the Guardian/London School of Economics, Her Majesty's Inspectorate of Constabulary and the Ministry of Justice to analyse the rio…

  • Race, Law and the State

    Open Access•Lee Bridges•ARTICLE•Race & Class•2001•Cited by: 5

    Cet article s'interesse aux consequences parlementaires et gouvernemetales du rapport MacPherson, impliquant les pratiques discriminatoires policieres. Si la promulgation du Race Relations Amendement Act est effective, celui-ci ne guarantit pas pour autant l'egalite devant la loi et le systeme judiciaire britannique de la communaute noire de ce pays

  • The Lawrence Inquiry – Incompetence, Corruption, and Institutional Racism

    Open Access•Lee Bridges•ARTICLE•Journal of Law and Society•1999•Cited by: 5

    The inquiry into the murder of black teenager Stephen Lawrence in South London in 1993, which reported earlier this year, documents a catalogue of police incompetence and ‘institutional racism’. The report also puts forward a number of far‐reaching recommendations, echoing long‐standing demands by the black community, for the reform of policing in Britain. Yet, in its approach to ‘institutional racism’, the report can be seen to have downplayed t…

  • Victims, the 'urban jungle' and the new racism

    Open Access•Lee Bridges, Liz Fekete•ARTICLE•Race & Class•1985•Cited by: 5

  • Britain's New Urban Policing Strategy: The Police and Criminal Evidence Bill in Context

    Lee Bridges, Tony Bunyan•ARTICLE•Journal of Law and Society•1983•Cited by: 4

  • Policing the urban wasteland

    Open Access•Lee Bridges•ARTICLE•Race & Class•1983•Cited by: 4

  • The Ministry of Internal Security: British Urban Social Policy 1968-74

    Open Access•Lee Bridges•ARTICLE•Race & Class•1975•Cited by: 4

  • Lammy Review: Will it change outcomes in the criminal justice system

    Open Access•Lee Bridges•ARTICLE•Race & Class•2017•Cited by: 3•References: 1

    A forensic analysis from a criminal justice expert on the weaknesses in the findings and recommendations of the Lammy Review into Black, Asian and Minority Ethnic disproportionality in the UK’s criminal justice system. It comments on the remit (which excludes policing), the lack of real action over police gang databases and the joint enterprise ‘charge’, the inadequate understanding of plea bargaining and influence of charging, the need for a dee…

  • Keeping the lid on: British urban social policy, 1975-81

    Open Access•Lee Bridges•ARTICLE•Race & Class•1981•Cited by: 3

  • Race Relations Research: From Colonialism to Neo-Colonialism? Some Random Thoughts

    Open Access•Lee Bridges•ARTICLE•Race•1973•Cited by: 2•References: 2

  • Keeping Faith With Their Own Convictions: The Royal Commission on Criminal Justice

    Open Access•Lee Bridges, Mike Mcconville•ARTICLE•Modern Law Review•1994•Cited by: 1

  • A Brief Rejoinder to Michael Zander

    Open Access•Lee Bridges, Mike Mcconville•ARTICLE•Modern Law Review•1994•Cited by: 1

  • Tory education: Exclusion and the Black Child

    Open Access•Lee Bridges•ARTICLE•Race & Class•1994•Cited by: 1

    Le milieu scolaire a ete l'un des plus touche par l'ideologie politique anti-sociale de M. Thatcher. Les reformes mises en place visaient a detruire la philosophie de l'ancien systeme basee sur le choix et la diversite. L'A. decrit les evolutions du systeme educatif sous les diverses impulsions politiques

  • Race Relations Research: From Colonialism to Neo-Colonialism? Some Random Thoughts

    Open Access•Lee Bridges•ARTICLE•Race•1973•Cited by: 2•References: 2

  • Legality and Immigration Control

    Lee Bridges•ARTICLE•British Journal of Law and Society•1975

  • The Ministry of Internal Security: British Urban Social Policy 1968-74

    Open Access•Lee Bridges•ARTICLE•Race & Class•1975•Cited by: 4

  • Keeping the lid on: British urban social policy, 1975-81

    Open Access•Lee Bridges•ARTICLE•Race & Class•1981•Cited by: 3

  • Britain's New Urban Policing Strategy: The Police and Criminal Evidence Bill in Context

    Lee Bridges, Tony Bunyan•ARTICLE•Journal of Law and Society•1983•Cited by: 4

  • Policing the urban wasteland

    Open Access•Lee Bridges•ARTICLE•Race & Class•1983•Cited by: 4

  • Victims, the 'urban jungle' and the new racism

    Open Access•Lee Bridges, Liz Fekete•ARTICLE•Race & Class•1985•Cited by: 5

  • UK commentary: Beyond accountability: Labour and policing after the 1985 rebellions

    Open Access•Lee Bridges•ARTICLE•Race & Class•1986

  • Poetry

    Lee Bridges•ARTICLE•The Black Scholar•1988

  • UK commentary: Racism and the crisis in public housing

    Open Access•Lee Bridges•ARTICLE•Race & Class•1989

    After years of government-inspired political attacks, and government- imposed financial cuts on local authority housing - including much publicised 'right-to-buy' initiatives, prohibitions on using even money from sales for improving housing, and the selling off (by Conservative boroughs) of whole estates over tenants' heads - the quality and availability of public housing has deteriorated starkly. Black protest over the scarcity of public housin…

  • The Racial Harassment Bill: A Missed Opportunity

    Open Access•Lee Bridges•ARTICLE•Race & Class•1993

  • Normalizing Injustice: The Royal Commission on Criminal Justice

    Lee Bridges•ARTICLE•Journal of Law and Society•1994

    The report of the Royal Commission on Criminal Justice (Runciman Commission) is a sham. It is a document that is slip-shod in its use of empirical evidence, slippery in its argumentation, and shameful in its underlying political purposes. The Runciman Commission was established in 1991 as a direct response to the release by the Court of Appeal of the Guildford Four and the Birmingham Six from long terms of false imprisonment, following the overtu…

  • Keeping Faith With Their Own Convictions: The Royal Commission on Criminal Justice

    Open Access•Lee Bridges, Mike Mcconville•ARTICLE•Modern Law Review•1994•Cited by: 1

  • A Brief Rejoinder to Michael Zander

    Open Access•Lee Bridges, Mike Mcconville•ARTICLE•Modern Law Review•1994•Cited by: 1

  • Tory education: Exclusion and the Black Child

    Open Access•Lee Bridges•ARTICLE•Race & Class•1994•Cited by: 1

    Le milieu scolaire a ete l'un des plus touche par l'ideologie politique anti-sociale de M. Thatcher. Les reformes mises en place visaient a detruire la philosophie de l'ancien systeme basee sur le choix et la diversite. L'A. decrit les evolutions du systeme educatif sous les diverses impulsions politiques

  • The Lawrence Inquiry – Incompetence, Corruption, and Institutional Racism

    Open Access•Lee Bridges•ARTICLE•Journal of Law and Society•1999•Cited by: 5

    The inquiry into the murder of black teenager Stephen Lawrence in South London in 1993, which reported earlier this year, documents a catalogue of police incompetence and ‘institutional racism’. The report also puts forward a number of far‐reaching recommendations, echoing long‐standing demands by the black community, for the reform of policing in Britain. Yet, in its approach to ‘institutional racism’, the report can be seen to have downplayed t…

  • Race and social policy: Sivanandan's 'grounded theory

    Open Access•Lee Bridges•ARTICLE•Race & Class•1999

  • Race, Law and the State

    Open Access•Lee Bridges•ARTICLE•Race & Class•2001•Cited by: 5

    Cet article s'interesse aux consequences parlementaires et gouvernemetales du rapport MacPherson, impliquant les pratiques discriminatoires policieres. Si la promulgation du Race Relations Amendement Act est effective, celui-ci ne guarantit pas pour autant l'egalite devant la loi et le systeme judiciaire britannique de la communaute noire de ce pays

  • Four days in August: The UK riots

    Open Access•Lee Bridges•ARTICLE•Race & Class•2012•Cited by: 10•References: 1

    In August 2011, England experienced widespread public disorders in sixty-six locations following a protest at the shooting dead of a black man in north London by the police. The author examines, inter alia, reports from the Metropolitan Police Service, academics Steve Reicher and Cliff Stott, Tottenham MP David Lammy, the Guardian/London School of Economics, Her Majesty's Inspectorate of Constabulary and the Ministry of Justice to analyse the rio…

  • The case against joint enterprise

    Open Access•Lee Bridges•ARTICLE•Race & Class•2013•References: 1

    This article examines the need to reform the UK law of joint enterprise, the scope of which has been expanded over recent years through judicial case law. It describes how joint enterprise has become a specific weapon used by the police and the courts to target both political protest and 'gang' violence, in particular in black and working-class communities. The main evidence and recommendations of the House of Commons Justice Committee inquiry in…

  • Lammy Review: Will it change outcomes in the criminal justice system

    Open Access•Lee Bridges•ARTICLE•Race & Class•2017•Cited by: 3•References: 1

    A forensic analysis from a criminal justice expert on the weaknesses in the findings and recommendations of the Lammy Review into Black, Asian and Minority Ethnic disproportionality in the UK’s criminal justice system. It comments on the remit (which excludes policing), the lack of real action over police gang databases and the joint enterprise ‘charge’, the inadequate understanding of plea bargaining and influence of charging, the need for a dee…

Political science (17 works) · Sociology (17 works) · Law (13 works) · Law (11 works) · Criminology (8 works) · Economic Justice (6 works) · Computer Science (5 works) · Criminal justice (5 works) · Criminal Law and Evidence (5 works) · Gender Studies (4 works)

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